[25483905]2021届高考英语夹叙夹议阅读专项.doc

1、2021高考英语夹叙夹议阅读专项命题趋势揣摩事例背后作者的观点、意图与态度解题思路题型解答策略 1在做推断题时要忠于原文,不以个人思维和观点来代替文章事实,要进行合乎逻辑的推理判断,这样才不 会以偏概全。至于事实细节题的解答,考生切忌想当然或凭印象,一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干、选项进行 对比。题型解答策略 2在一些叙事文章中,作者的观点、态度很明确,作者用直截了当的语言表明了这种观点或态度;但在某些叙 事文章中,作者的观点和态度隐含在事物的描述或形象的刻画之中,需要考生细心揣摩。例题解析The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many

2、 people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know.By next year,half of the calls we receive will be scams (欺诈).e are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfo

3、rtunately,its too little,too late.By the time these solutions (解决方案) become widely available,scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.In the near future,its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is

4、 actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation (处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this years I/O Conference,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice tha

5、t it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.A decade of data breaches (数据侵入) of personal infor

6、mation has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name,and far more. Armed with this knowledge,theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.This means,for example,that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to yo

7、u using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers,tricking you into confirming your address,mothers name,and card number.Scammers follow money,so companies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice

8、manipulation technolo- gies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and imag

9、es,showing when and who they were made by,or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communicationsusing apps like FaceTime or whatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose,and the problem is only going to get harder from here on ou

10、t.1.How does the author feel about the solutions to the problem of robocalls?A.Panicked.B.Confused. C.Embarrassed. D.Disappointed.2.Taking advantage of the new technologies,scammers can .A.aim at victims precisely B.damage databases easilyC.start campaigns rapidly D.spread information widely 3.What

11、does the passage imply?A.Honesty is the best policy.B.Technologies can be double-edged. C.There are more solutions than problems. D.Credibility holds the key to development.4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Where the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedB.Who Is to Blame fo

12、r the Problem of RobocallsC.Why Robocalls Are About to Get More DangerousD.How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology【答案与解析】本文是一篇议论文,介绍了骚扰电话给人们的生活带来的影响。文章引导考生辩证地思考问题,运用辩证 思维模式,坚持两点论,避免走极端。这种思维模式能帮助考生意识到新兴科技成果对人们的生活既有好的也 有坏的影响。1.D 推断题。根据第 1 段的内容特别是By the time these .solutions become widely a

13、vailable,scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.(等这些解决方案被广泛使用时,诈骗者们就会有更高明的手段)可推知,作者对骚扰电话的解决方案不乐观,感到失望(disappointed)。panicked惊慌的;confused迷惑的; embarrassed尴尬的。2.A 细节题。根据第 3 段的内容特别是These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reason that robocalls are a

14、headache has less to do with amount than precision.以及Armed with this knowledge,theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat peo- ple.可知,技术的发展似乎会使骚扰电话问题变得更糟,骚扰电话之所以让人头疼,主要在于诈骗者能精确 地瞄准受害者。3.B 推断题。技术的进步给人们的生活带来便利的同时,也给居心不良之人提供了可乘之机一一一诈骗者拨打骚扰电话进行诈骗。所以说技术是把双刃剑。4.C 主旨题。文章介绍了随着技术的发展,骚扰

15、电话问题变得更糟糕,而骚扰电话之所以让人头疼,主要在于诈骗者能精确瞄准受害者。骚扰电话影响了人们的生活,正变得越来越危险,文章介绍了这种状况发生的原因。课后训练(一)Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby.He finds old military(军队的) medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet.But unlike most collectors,Zac tracks down the medals rightful owners,and returns them.His effort to

16、 reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother,a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A.G.Piccoli,found in an antique shop.Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart一he earned one himself in a war as a soldier.So when his mother gave him the medal,he knew right away what h

17、e had to do.Through the Internet,Zac tracked down Corrados sister Adeline Rockko.But when he finally reached her,the woman flooded him with questions:ho are you? hat antique shop? However,when she hung up,she regretted the way she had handled the call.So she called Zac back and apologized.Soon she d

18、rove to meet Zac in atertown,N.Y.At that point,I knew she meant business, Zac says. To drive eight hours to come to see me.The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in watertown.Corrado,a translator for the Army during ww ,was killed in action in Europe.Before hearing from Zac,Adeline

19、hadnt realized the medal was missing.Like many military medals,the one Zacs mother had found was a family treasure. This medal was very precious to my parents.Only on spe- cial occasions (场合) would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands, Adeline says.As a child,Adeline couldnt understand w

20、hy the medal was so significant.But as I grew older, Adeline says,and missed my brother more and more,I realized that was the only thing we had left. Corrado Piccolis Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in atertown.Zac recently returned another lost medal to a fami

21、ly in Alabama.Since he first reunited Corrados medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.1.Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself?A.In the army. B.In an antique shop.C.From his mother. D.From Adeline Rockko.2.What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him?A.She was very impolite. B.

22、She was serious about the medal.C.She suspected his honesty. D.She came from a wealthy family.3.What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?A.Her parents advice. B.Her knowledge of antiques.C.Her childhood dream. D.Her memory of her brother.(二)Tyler came into my class in Senior 2.He was a troublesom

23、e student whom I had heard of before.In class, I would ask students questions, which could get the kids involved. Unfortunately, every time I called on Tyler, he would answer the questions carelessly. He knew the answers when he listened but he didnt want to be called on. Once he got an answer wrong

24、, he would become very angry.One day, Tyler was talking while I was teaching. In the middle of teaching I said in the same tone of voice,Tyler, why dont you join in our discussion instead of having one of your own? ith that, he got up from his chair and said something very bad. So I sent him to the

25、headmasters office and he received a weeks out-of-school suspension (停课).On the day of his return, I stood at the school gate waiting for him. As soon as I saw him , I asked himto talk for a moment. He seemed unhappy to do it but agreed. I told him that I wanted to start over with him. Further , I g

26、ave him permission that if he felt like he was going to lose control in class he could step right out- side the door for a moment to calm himself down.From that day on, Tyler changed a lot. He listened and joined in our discussions. He was actually a smart child and I could finally get to see this i

27、n him. He even stopped a fight between two other students one day. He never used the privilege I had given him to leave the class for a moment. I believe that just giving him the power to decide for himself made all the difference.At the end of the year, he wrote me a thank-you note about how good t

28、he year had been for him. I still have it today and find it very touching to reread when I get stressed about teaching. 1.What can we learn from the text?A.Tyler probably had a bad name in the school.B.The author loved to ask her students difficult questions.C.Tyler couldnt answer any questions in c

29、lass.D.Tyler never listened to the teacher carefully.2.According to paragraph 4 , we can infer that .A.the author felt sorry for TylerB.Tyler avoided seeing the authorC.the author treated him speciallyD.the author and Tyler met at the school gate by accident 3.Why did Tyler change a lot?A.He was pun

30、ished by his headmaster.B.He was not paid attention to any more.C.He was appointed to be a monitor.D.He was respected by his teacher in self-decision.4.What can be inferred from the text?A.The author was satisfied with her period of teaching experience.B.The teacher should give students the power to

31、 decide everything.C.Once students have a right, they will become good students.D.Without teachers help, troublesome students cannot change their bad habits.(三)I have just started my job as an English Language Assistant in the Parisian suburbs. I was struck by how rich the city Paris really is. I wa

32、s also surprised at how different the suburbs are. In the UK, traditionally, the suburbs are the richest part of a city but here, it is the complete opposite.The schools I teach in are located just outside of Paris and are not as wealthy as the ones found in the cen- tre of the city. However, the pu

33、pils that I teach are so eager to learn my language. I found this a little differ- ent from the UK. I always enjoyed my language lessons at school but I didnt have the same enthusiasm as these pupils.For my first lesson I brought in some postcards and souvenirs to show my pupils what my hometown is

34、like. They were so excited by my postcard of my towns castle and my souvenir of the elsh dragon. For us in the UK, a postcard of a castle is not necessarily the most exciting thing, but for these pupils it represented real-life magic and mystery. I realized that in their suburb there are no castles

35、or famous monuments; all those things belong to Paris.One of the teachers told me that despite the fact that these children live four kilometres from Paris,someof them have never been there. I represented a chance for them to discover another world.I never realized, until my job in France,just how v

36、aluable education really is. For these children it repre- sents an opportunity to do something different. It represents hope for their futures.I was truly inspired by the pupils in my first lessons. During my time in France,I hope that I can add to their knowledge of English and help inspire their e

37、nthusiasm. 1.What does the author do in the Parisian suburbs?A.She teaches French. B.She teaches English.C.She gathers information about Paris. D.She collects materials for her new book.2.One thing in France that surprised the author is that .A.suburbs are poorer than the centre of a cityB.pupils ha

38、d never received postcards beforeC.pupils liked real-life magic and mystery very muchD.the Parisian suburbs are richer than the British suburbs3.What is the strength of the children in Paris compared with those in Britain?A.They desire to learn more knowledge.B.They can make creative postcards by th

39、emselves.C.They have more chances to travel around the world.D.They have more talent for learning a second language.4.What did the author realize after she knew some children had never been to Paris?A.The enthusiasm of the pupils there.B.The differences between the pupils there.C.The difficulty in t

40、eaching the pupils there.D.The importance of education to the pupils there.(四)The first week of my summer campaign has been quite an experience! Im learning the ups and downs of guiding this new journey, and Im soon finding my footing in the wonderful world of support raising.I feel like a newborn s

41、heep trying to take its first steps and know about the surroundings. Since Im very new to this whole experience,I have to tell myself Im going to make mistakes every now and again. Im defi- nitely figuring out how to learn from experience and keep moving forward.I had a wonderful support meeting thi

42、s week where I was able to have some very good conversations with the lady I was sharing with. It blessed my soul to see her eyes light up with the same passion(热情) I felt in my heart about the ministry I was sharing with her. I kept thinking in my head Ive shared my passion with her, and she gets i

43、t. At the end of our meeting she decided to become a donor, but she gave me something extra that I hadnt received from anyone else. She gave me a handmade wooden cross, small enough to carry with me.As soon as she handed it to me, I knew it is a gift sent from God, through an act of friendship. Its

44、a symbol of a partnership that is developing through this journey, a symbol of how God can send us messages and a symbol of new friendships to come throughout the summer and my time in the middle west. Finally,its a symbol of the example of what it looks like to build relationships with people who w

45、ill join you in sharing with the world. Its something Ill treasure through the rest of my summer campaign, through my service in the middle west, and the rest of my life.1.What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph?A.He finds the first week of the campaign unforgettable.B.He is e

46、xperienced in the campaign.C.He regrets joining in the summer campaign. D.His summer campaign is delivering support.2.How does the author feel during the first week of his summer campaign?A.Shocked. B.Proud. C.Curious. D.Confident.3.What did the lady do for the author?A.She inspired passion in him.

47、B.She found a ministry for him. C.She helped him clarify his doubt. D.She gave him something meaningful.4.What does the author say about the cross?A.It isnt portable due to its size.B.It symbolizes many things to him.C.It is donated by one of his old friends.D.It has far-reaching influence on the giver.参考答案：一：ABD二：ACDA三：BAAD四：ACDB