2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 课时素养评价十五 Unit 5 Working the Land Using Language（含解析）新人教版选择性必修第一册.doc

1、十五Unit 5Using Language. 单词拼写1. Urban(城市的) dwellers often accept noise as part of city life. 2. Choose from six popular flavours(味道) of ice cream! 3. His whole life is a fight against poverty(贫穷) and unemployment. 4. The plan received widespread(普遍的) support throughout the country. 5. Mrs Caan needs

2、a little help getting her groceries(食品杂货) home. 6. They are not entirely(完全地) happy with his criticism of the president. 7. He first entered Britain on a six-month visa, and was given a further extension(延长) of six months. 8. He has a delicate digestion(消化能力) and cannot eat oily food. 9. The reality

3、(实际情况) is that there is not enough money to pay for this project. 10. When they got to Montana, they put down roots(根) and built a life. . 单句语法填空1. What some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and peoples health. 2. Pesticides can damage the land by ki

4、lling not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. 3. Organic farming is simply farming without using (use) any chemicals. 4. Organic farmers also use many other methods (method) to produce rich soil. 5. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while

5、avoiding (avoid) damage to the environment or to peoples health. 6. Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely (entire). 7. We shouldnt lose sight of the fact that education is important for its own sake. 8. Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remain

6、s unknown. 9. It is true that she has made a very important discovery in chemistry. 10. That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. . 完成句子1. Very loud noise can make people ill or drive them mad. 很大的噪音会使人身体不适, 或使他们发狂。2. Recently customers have turned to organic fo

7、od when shopping at the local grocery. 最近, 顾客在当地杂货店购物时, 已经转向购买有机食品。3. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser. 例如, 许多种植有机农作物的农民使用来自动物的天然废弃物作为肥料。4. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the need. 有机农业完全不能满足那样的需求。5. Therefore, there is still a long way to

8、find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible. 因此, 要找到一个合适的解决方案, 在保持人和环境尽可能健康的同时, 把足够的食物放在餐桌上, 还有很长的路要走。. 阅读理解AThe organic foods have gained a lot of popularity as they are being considered as healthier and tast

9、ier. A fair number of people advocate a large-scale shift to organic farming from conventional agriculture. But this might not seem well-founded. Since the mid-19th century, conventional industrial agriculture has become incredibly efficient on a simple land to food basis. Conventional farming gets

10、more and more crop per square foot of land, which can mean less wilderness needs to be transformed to farmland. To make farming more efficient, conventional agriculture uses a significant amount of synthetic fertiliser(合成肥料)each year, and all that nitrogen(氮)enables much faster plant growth. However

11、, the cost is paid in vast polluted dead zones at the months of many of the worlds rivers, because much of the nitrogen ends up running off the soil and into the oceans. This also makes conventional farming one of the major threats to the environment. To weaken the environmental impact of agricultur

12、e, improve soil quality as well as produce healthier foods, some farmers have turned to organic farming. Environmentalists have also welcomed organic food as better for the planet than the food produced by agricultural corporations. Organic practicesrefusing artificial fertilizers and chemical pesti

13、cidesare considered far more sustainable. Sales of organic food rose 7. 7% in 2010, up to $26. 7 billionand people are making those purchases for their moral senses as much as their tongues. Yet a new meta-analysis in Nature does the math and comes to a hard conclusion: organic farming produces 25%

14、fewer crops on average than conventional agriculture. In the Nature analysis, scientists performed an analysis of 66 studies comparing conventional and organic methods across 34 different crop species, from fruits to grains. They found that organic farming delivered a lower output for every crop typ

15、e, though the difference varied widely. For crops like fruit trees, organic trailed(落后于)conventional agriculture by just 5%. Yet for major grain crops and vegetablesall of which provide the worlds main caloriesconventional agriculture outperformed organics by more than 25%. What that means is that w

16、hile organic farming may be more sustainable than conventional agriculture, there are trade-offs(此消彼长)with each. So an ideal global agriculture system may borrow the best from both systems rather than upholding merely organic or conventional practices. 【文章大意】有机食品越来越受欢迎, 人们认为它们更健康、更美味。一个理想的全球农业系统可以从有

17、机农业和传统农业中获得最好的利益, 而不是仅仅支持有机或常规的做法。1. What do we know about conventional farming? A. It produces more crops with fewer fertilisers. B. It achieves efficiency at a huge cost to the environment. C. If offers a long-term solution to global demand for food. D. It performs far better for each crop type th

18、an organic farming. 【解析】选B。 推理判断题。根据第二段Since the mid-19th century, conventional industrial agriculture has become incredibly efficient on a simple land to food basis. 和第三段最后一句This also makes conventional farming one of the major threats to the environment. 可知, 传统农业以牺牲环境的巨大代价来实现生产效率。2. What does the

19、author most probably agree with? A. Employing organic farming to plant rice. B. Adopting organic practices to grow potato. C. Using conventional methods to plant cabbage. D. Applying conventional farming to grow apple. 【解析】选C。 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句For crops like fruit trees, organic trailed conventional

20、 agriculture by just 5%. Yet for major grain crops and vegetablesall of which provide the worlds main caloriesconventional agriculture outperformed organics by more than 25%. 可知作者最可能同意用传统的方法种植卷心菜。3. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage? CP: Central PointP: PointSp: S

21、ub-point(次要点)C: Conclusion【解析】选A。 细节理解题。第一段是文章的中心论点, 有机食品越来越受欢迎, 因为它们被认为更健康、更美味; 文章第23段阐述了对conventional agriculture的观点, 46段阐述了从conventional agriculture向organic farming的转变及新的研究发明, 两部分分别阐述了两种农业的利弊; 最后一段得出结论, 一个理想的全球农业系统可以从两个系统中获益, 而不是仅仅靠支持有机或常规的做法。4. Whats the authors purpose of writing the passage? A

22、. To compare two types of farming. B. To criticize conventional agriculture. C. To discuss the development of farming. D. To argue for a realistic agriculture system. 【解析】选D。写作意图题。根据最后一段可知作者写本文的目的是主张建立一个现实的农业体系。BImagine youre at the supermarket checkout. You pay the cashier, load your food into the

23、cart, then take one third of your newly purchased items outside and throw them into the trash. This may sound unbelievable, but millions of us worldwide do this regularly, although in a more non-direct way. In the West, most of this food is thrown away by businesses that are unable to sell it, or by

24、 consumers who buy too much. And the majority of this food, despite being past its shelf life, is still perfectly fit for human consumption. So where do these excess products end up? “We receive food from various sources, including food banks, restaurants, cafes, food photographers, and events” says

25、 Adam Smith, founder of The Real Junk Food Project. The British company recently made headlines in the UK after it became the countrys first “food waste supermarket”, offering products that would otherwise have ended up in waste. Most of its customers are low-income families, or even college student

26、s who find it difficult to afford food. “We ask our customers to pay what they feel in time, money or skills. We do have people coming with the intention of paying and if it carries on like it does, it will pay for the cost of the warehouse, ” Smith explains. Some shops across Europe are also taking

27、 action. France recently passed a law that says all supermarkets must now donate all of their unsold produce to charities, while the Italian government has also put similar measures in place. Hundreds of cafes that serve meals made from surplus food have been set up across the continent too, selling

28、 dishes at bottom prices or even giving them away for free. So what can we do to prevent our dinner ending up in the bin? “Buy less. Or at least shop smarter, ” said Smith. After all, the best place for food is in our stomachs, not the trash. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。全世界现在存在一种浪费现象: 超市里有近三分之一的东西会因为超过保质期而沦为垃圾,

29、而实际上这些商品还是可以使用的。针对这种情况, 欧美一些国家正在采取行动。5. Whats the meaning of the underlined words “being past its shelf life” in Paragraph 2? A. Being past its “sell-by” date. B. Being far from enough. C. Being past the length of being eatable. D. Being out of date. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。划线部分的意思是“超过货架寿命”, 下一句说仍然适合消费, 因此推断此处

30、表示超过了最佳售卖的日期, 故选A。6. What do we know about The Real Junk Food Project? A. It gets food from the waste. B. It wants to make a fat profit. C. It drew massive attention lately. D. Its main aim is to do charities. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段“The British company recently made headlines”可知, 这家公司因为回收商品的行为迅速吸引了人们的注意

31、。7. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Some countries in Europe are actively helping poor people. B. Some countries in Europe are trying to address food waste. C. Related shops in Europe are willing to give away their food. D. All the countries in Europe have made laws to handle food waste. 【解析】

32、选B。推理判断题。第四段提到了法国、意大利等欧洲国家针对商品浪费的现象采取了措施, 故选B。8. What is the best title of the passage? A. Turning Trash into TreatsB. Buying Less and SmarterC. Food Trash IndustryD. Warn against Food Waste【解析】选A。标题概括题。整篇文章介绍的是针对大量过了最佳销售日期的商品如何避免沦为垃圾的情况, 分别列举了几种好的做法, 因此A选项是最符合文章主旨的标题。. 语法填空When Sarasota students to

33、ok1 bite of a freshly picked watermelon or mango, they knew the fruit came from a five-acre farm right in Sarasota instead of thousands of miles away, 2(fresh) and more nutritional. The Sarasota Farm to School program is3 (actual)part of an initiative(倡议) headed by the Florida Department of Agricult

34、ure and Consumer Services, 4(plan)to increase Florida-based produce served in schools and offer healthier choices to students. In addition to nutritional value it offers, the program is 5(education)as well, allowing students to get involved in the agricultural side of working in the gardens. Student

35、s from the program come out each Monday6 (harvest) crops that will eventually go to 67 Sarasota County cafeterias. The farm is crowded 7 various kinds of fruits, squash, sunflowers and corn. For now, the farm is in its first growing season. Crops that 8(grow) in May are just starting to be harvested

36、. Outside of the farm, students are engaging in (参与) some taste tests with 9 they get from the gardens. Its through these tasting sessions that either a student or a farmer can get some 10 (inform) about what crops should populate the farm. 【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了美国萨拉索塔县的“农场到校园”项目。1. 【解析】a。考查冠词。此处bite是可数

37、名词, 表示“(咬下的)一口”。根据语境可知, 此处表示泛指, 故填不定冠词a。2. 【解析】fresher。考查比较级。根据句意和空后的“and more nutritional”可知, 空处填所给词的比较级形式。3. 【解析】actually。考查副词。此处修饰整个句子, 故用副词actually作状语, 表示“事实上”。4. 【解析】planning。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 空处作伴随状语, 故用非谓语动词。plan“计划”与句子主语program是逻辑上的主谓关系, 故用现在分词作伴随状语。注意: 不要受前面作定语的过去分词短语的影响而误以为此处也要填过去分词。5. 【解析

38、】educational。考查形容词。上文提到这个项目提供nutritional value, 此处描述的是它的教育价值, 故空处应该填跟nutritional一样词性的形容词作表语。educational“教育的, 具有教育意义的”。6. 【解析】to harvest。考查非谓语动词。空处作目的状语, 故用不定式。此处harvest是动词, 表示“收割(庄稼)”。7. 【解析】with。考查介词。根据be crowded with“充满”短语可知, 空处应该填介词with。8. 【解析】were grown。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知, that引导定语从句修饰主句主语cro

39、ps。根据从句中的时间状语“in May”和主句中的“are just starting to be harvested”可知, 从句表示过去种植的庄稼, 故用一般过去时; 定语从句主语that与grow是被动关系, 故用被动语态; 且that指代前面的crops, 故从句谓语动词用复数形式。9. 【解析】what。考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空处是引导从句的连词, 作介词的宾语; 再结合从句结构, 应填what表示“的事物”, 作get的宾语。10. 【解析】information。考查名词。根据空前的“get some”和空后的“about”可知, 此处填所给词的名词形式inform

40、ation。. 应用文写作(2021临沂高二检测)上周六, 校学生会组织了一次参观雅琳农业生态园的活动。假设你是李华, 请你给校英文报写一篇报道。活动内容包括: 1. 观赏花草; 2. 采摘果蔬; 3. 了解现代农业。注意: 1. 词数80个左右, 题目已为你写好; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。Students Visit to Yalin Ecological Garden_【参考范文】Students Visit to Yalin Ecological GardenLast Saturday, some students took part in an activity orga

41、nized by the Students Union. They paid a visit to Yalin Ecological Garden. Upon arrival, they were greatly attracted by the Garden. They admired various beautiful flowers, trees and plants. After that they went into the fields to pick fruit and vegetables. They also asked gardeners many questions about modern agriculture. This activity benefited the students a lot. It broadened their horizons and raised their awareness of green life as well.