2020-2021学年英语北师大版选修8学案：UNIT 24 PERIOD THREE　LESSON 3　A CHANGING WORLD WORD版含解析.doc

1、Period ThreeLesson 3A Changing World.重点单词1cast vt. 投下2undertake vt. 着手做，从事3squeeze vt. 挤4mop n. 拖把 vt. 用拖把拖5relay vt. 转达；传送6edition n. 版本edit vt. 编辑editor n. 编辑7rectangular adj. 长方形的rectangle n. 长方形8fragrant adj. 有香味的fragrance n. 香味9thirst n. 口渴thirsty adj. 口渴的10container n. 容器contain vt. 容纳，包含11spo

2、onful n. 一匙之量spoon n. 匙，调羹.核心短语1flock_to_someplace 涌到某处2leave_a_deep_impression_on_sb. 给某人留下深刻印象3keep_control_over 对加以控制4keep_an_eye_on 留神；照看5no_doubt 毫无疑问6go down 下降，下跌7turning point 转折点8walk up 沿着走9date back (to) 始于，追溯到10have a thirst for 对的渴望11more than 不仅仅；超过；非常.经典句式1make宾语宾补They were then able

3、to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.之后，他们派卫兵把守着各条胡同的入口，这样做使他们更容易监视人们的举动。2状语从句的省略They can also stop under a stone arch and watch the hutong world go by while enjoying a plate of Beijings best “Peking Duck” or satisfying the

4、ir thirst with a cold Tsingtao beer.他们还可以在一座石拱桥下停下来，品尝一盘北京最著名的“北京烤鸭”或喝上一杯冰爽解渴的青岛啤酒，观赏着胡同的世界从岁月中流逝。课文预读以上部分译文A每年成千上万的游客带着最新版孤独星球中国旅游指南涌向中国。他们来看长城和故宫的壮丽景色，但常常是那些胡同给他们留下最深的印象，因为透过难得一见的胡同，游客能看到中国的过去。胡同很多条连接四合院的小巷子是中国古代建筑的一大特色，今天仍然能在中国少数几个城市的老城角落里见到。然而，北京的胡同格外著名，因为它有数千条。现在，“胡同”这个词不仅仅指连接四合院的小巷子，它还指四合院本身，甚

5、至包括住在四合院里的人们。B北京的胡同大部分建于13至19世纪的元、明、清三个朝代。为了维持对整个城市的统治，那些朝代的皇帝们把北京城的不同地区划分成整整齐齐的四合院院落。他们派士兵把守着胡同的入口，这样做使他们容易监视人们的举动。皇家官邸，即紫禁城，在北京城的正中央，贵族与富豪的府邸位于距离皇宫最近的胡同，普通老百姓住在离皇宫较远的胡同。以上部分译文C胡同不仅使家家户户相通，实际上不管是富人还是普通人，他们的生活都被胡同联系起来了。因为四合院的房子门对门围绕院子四面建成，所以生活在那里的人都成为彼此生活中重要的一部分。他们相互扶持，同甘共苦，更不用说分享菜谱、借用拖把和一起点香了。孩子们在院

6、子里一起玩耍，也正因为有了胡同，方圆好几里的四合院被连接起来，构成了人们一起工作、一起娱乐、一起生活的网络一个真正的社区。D到了清朝末年，中国的经济受到政治局势的不良影响，北京胡同的状况也每况愈下。为了容纳新增的人口，很多新胡同都是草草建成，质量欠佳。中华人民共和国成立以后情况有了转机，胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。E胡同仍然是北京生活的一个重要的部分，难怪游客们喜爱胡同。他们可以在900年前修建的三庙街散步，或徜徉在最长达两千米的绒线胡同，或侧身挤过最窄处只有40厘米的钱市胡同！他们还可以在石拱门下停留，享受一盘最好的北京烤鸭或一杯解渴的冰镇青岛啤酒的同时

7、，望着这胡同世界缓缓而过。胡同不仅连通了北京的街道和社区，它还联系着北京的过去和现在，它证明了北京的确是一座古老而现代的城市。课文理解Task One：Fast reading.The passage mainly introduces something about Beijings_Hutongs.Match the main idea with each paragraph.Para.AABad times for hutongsPara.B BWhen and why hutongs were builtPara.C CWhats hutong?Para.D DBeijings hut

8、ongs todayPara.E EConnecting lives答案：Para ACPara BBPara CEPara DAPara ED.Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F)1Tourists dont like hutongs.(F)2Wealthy people lived in hutongs close to the Forbidden City.(T)3The conditions in Beijings hutongs worsened at the end of the Qing Dynasty.(T)4

9、Sanmiao Street is the longest hutong in Beijing.(F)5The Sanmiao Street in Beijing is 900 years old.(T)Task Two：Careful readingRead the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.1What deeply impresses the tourists flocking to Beijing?AThe Great Wall.BThe Forbidden City.CHutongs in Be

10、ijing.DMuseums and Bridges.答案：C2Every year thousands of tourists come to Beijing to _.Ataste Beijings best “Peking Duck”Bwalk through Beijings hutongsCvisit the Great Wall and the Forbidden CityDplay and live in the courtyards答案：C3We can see that the population rose quickly _.Ain the Yuan DynastyBin

11、 the Ming DynastyCat the end of the Qing DynastyDin 1949答案：C4The place where people lived was like a real community because of _.Athe hutongsBthe rectangular courtyardsCthe neat blocks of housesDthe preservation of the hutongs答案：A5The conditions in Beijings hutongs once went down because _.Athe Empe

12、ror stopped repairing themBthe political situation affected Chinas economyCthe population increased quicklyDno one was interested in them答案：BTask Three：Micro writingRead the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.Every year _1_ (thousand) of tourists flock to China with the latest edition o

13、f Chinas “Lonely Planet” guidebook in their hands. But often it is the hutongs _2_ leave the strongest _3_ (impress). Hutongsthe many little _4_ (alley) that connect the rectangular courtyards of traditional housesare _5_ feature of ancient Chinese.By _6_ (connect) peoples homes, the hutongs in fact

14、 connected peoples lives. They supported each other and shared the joy _7_ sadness of everyday life, no doubt sharing recipes, borrowing mops, and burning fragrant incense together.Towards the end of the Qing Dynasty, the conditions in Beijings hutongs went down as the political situation cast a dar

15、k cloud _8_ Chinas economy. The _9_ (turn) point came when the Peoples Republic of China was set up. Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs. Hutongs are still an important part of Beijing life and it is not _10_ (surprise) that to

16、urists love the hutongs.1thousands 2.that 3.impression 4.alleys 5.a 6connecting 7.and 8.on 9.turning 10.surprising 1 (教材P38)Towards the end of the Qing Dynasty, the conditions in Beijings hutongs went down as the political situation cast a dark cloud on Chinas economy.清代末期，由于恶化的政治形势使中国经济日趋衰败，北京胡同的状况

17、也衰落了。即学即用(1)The fisherman cast a second net into the water.渔民又往河里撒了一张网。(2)I just cast_a_glance_at the headline.我扫了一眼标题。(3)Dont cast_away these old papers; they might be useful.别丢掉这些旧报纸；它们也许会有用。(4)She was cast_down for several days after she heard the bad news.听到噩耗，她沮丧了好几天。(5)The fellow was said to h

18、ave been cast_into_prison.据说那个年轻人被投入监狱。(6)The rumor cast_a_cloud/shadow_on/over the mayors visit.谣言给市长的访问投下了阴影。2 (教材P38)Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.情况大为改观，政府对很多最古老的胡同进行了修缮和保护。undertake sth. 从事/承担某事；着手做某事undertake to do

19、sth. 承诺/答应做某事undertake that. 保证即学即用(1)I would rather undertake some purposeful labour than stay idle.我宁可做些有意义的劳动也不愿闲待着。(2)If you undertake_the_project,_you are bound to encounter difficulties.如果你承接这项工程的话，免不了会遇到许多困难。(3)I will undertake_to_feed your dogs while you are away.你不在家时我答应替你喂狗。(4)He_undertook

20、_that he would pay it back.他答应会把它还回来。3 (教材P38)They can walk up Sanmiao Street, which dates back 900 years, wander down Rongxianthe longest hutong at 2 km or squeeze through Qianshithe narrowest at only 40 cm wide!他们可以沿着900年前修建的三庙街散步，或徜徉在长达2千米的最长的胡同绒线胡同，或侧身挤过最窄处只有40厘米的钱市胡同！即学即用(1)If you move forward

21、a little, I can squeeze past.如果你朝前挪一挪，我就可以挤过去了。(2)He took off his wet clothes and squeezed_the_water_out.他脱下湿衣服，拧干了水。(3)Five of us squeezed_into the back seat of the car.我们中有五人挤进了汽车的后座。1 leave a(n). impression on sb. 留下的印象(教材P38)They come to see the grand sights of the Great Wall and the Forbidden C

22、ity but often it is the hutongs that leave the strongest impression, as they offer travellers a rare view into Chinas past.他们特意来看长城和紫禁城的壮丽景色，但给他们印象最深的常常是那些胡同，因为透过胡同，游客有幸能窥见中国的过去。(1)leave/make a(n).impression (on/upon sb.) (给某人)留下印象get/have a good/bad impression of sb./sth. 对某人/某物的印象好/不好(2)impress v.

23、 给予印象；使铭记impress sb. 给某人留下印象impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事impress sb. with sth. 某事物给予某人深刻印象be impressed by/at/with 为所感动；对有印象即学即用(1)What he said made/left a deep impression on the students.他说的话给学生们留下了深刻的印象。(2)I had the distinct impression that I was being watched.我很明显地感觉到有人在监视我。(3)My father impress

24、ed on me the importance of hard work.我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。(4)单句语法填空The teacher impressed the importance of English upon/on me.My first impression (impress) of him was that he was thoughtful.Arriving late cant leave a very favorable impression (impress)2 (教材P38)Nowadays, the word “hutong” has come to mean

25、 more than just the alleys that connect the courtyards.而现在，“胡同”这个词不仅仅指连接四合院的小巷子。more.than. 与其说倒不如说，中间接形容词原级。no more than 仅仅，只有，有强烈表示少的意思，相当于only。not more than 不超过，不多于，顶多，至多，用在数字前面。more than one. 不止一个，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。即学即用(1)Kate is more than a teacher. She also does what she can to take care of her pup

26、ils.凯特不仅仅是位教师，她还尽其所能地照顾她的学生。(2)More_than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.十多位警察出现在事故地点。(3)It is more a stream than a river.与其说它是一条河，不如说它是一条小溪。(4)His whole school education added up to no_more_than one year.他所受的学校教育加起来总共不超过一年。(5)The_more,_the_better.多多益善。(6)More_and_mor

27、e people are using the Internet.越来越多的人在使用互联网。(7)She was more_than_a little shaken by the experience.这次经历对她产生了极大的震撼。3 (教材P38)They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.之后，他们派卫兵把守着各条胡同的入口，这样做使他们更容易监视人们的举动。have a

28、n eye for. 对有鉴赏眼光keep ones eyes open for. 留心；警觉keep back 阻止，抵制；扣下；隐瞒keep out 使不入内keep up 保持，继续，持续keep up with 不落后，赶上keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去即学即用(1)Keep an eye on my suitcase while I buy my ticket.我买票时，请留神看着我的箱子。(2)The Chinese government is keeping_an_eye_on inflation.中国政府在密切关注通货膨胀。(3)Food production

29、is not keeping_up_with population.粮食生产没有跟上人口增长。(4)Neither of them is telling the whole truth. Obviously, they keep something back.他们两个都没有完全讲实话，显然他们隐瞒了什么。4 (教材P38)They supported each other when help was needed and shared the joy and sadness of everyday life, no doubt sharing recipes.当需要帮助时，他们相互支持，共同分

30、享生活中的喜悦与烦恼，更不用说分享菜谱(1)in doubt 不确定地；不肯定地beyond/without doubt 无疑；确定地(2)There is no doubt that. 毫无疑问There is some doubt whether. 是否是有疑问的。注意：在肯定句中，doubt 后面一般接whether/if引导的宾语从句或whether 引导的同位语从句；在否定句或疑问句中，doubt 后面接that 引导的宾语从句或同位语从句。即学即用(1)My roommates can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house

31、.我的室友们无疑会记起那些打扫房间的时间。(2)There_is_no_doubt_that this candidates advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.毫无疑问，这位求职者的优点在于能够用英语与外国人进行交流。(3)There_is_some_doubt_whether he will be elected.他是否能当选还不太确定。(4)The future of the peace is in_doubt.和平前途未卜。(5)Joe is without/beyond_dou

32、bt one of the best players in the school.毫无疑问乔是学校里最优秀的选手之一。5 (教材P38)They can walk up Sanmiao Street, which dates back 900 years, wander down Rongxianthe longest hutong at 2 km or squeeze through Qianshithe narrowest at only 40 cm wide!他们可以在900年前修建的三庙街散步，或徜徉在最长达两千米的绒线胡同，或侧身挤过最窄处只有40厘米的钱市胡同！即学即用(1)The

33、 church dates from the 13th century.这座教堂可追溯到13世纪。(2)My family has an old vase, which is said to date_back_to the Ming Dynasty.我家有一个古老的花瓶，据说可追溯到明朝。(3)We havent got further information to_date.到目前为止，我们尚未获得进一步的消息。(4)We are going to visit an old temple dating_from/back_to the Han Dynasty.我们打算去参观汉代的一座古庙。

34、(5)The style of his hair is out_of_date,_which doesnt go with his fashionable clothes.他的发型过时了，这和他新潮的穿着不匹配。(教材P38)They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs， which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.之后，他们派卫兵把守着各条胡同的入口，这样做使他们更容易监视人们的举动。本句是一个主从复合句，which

35、引导了非限制性定语从句，指代前面主句的内容；该从句中出现了it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式to keep an eye on peoples movements。(1)“make宾语宾语补足语”是一个常用句式。如果make 后的宾语是不定式或that 从句或动名词，宾语补足语是形容词或名词，这时往往把形式宾语it 放在宾语的位置上，把真正的宾语放在后面。(2)与make 这一用法相同的常用动词还有：find，feel，think， consider 等。即学即用(1)You may feel it comfortable to sit here.你会发觉坐在这里很舒服。(2)You may

36、 depend on it that we shall always help you.尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。(3)单句语法填空Do you think it possible to_finish (finish) the work on time?We consider it a waste of time and money to go on with the project.(教材P38)They can also stop under a stone arch and watch the hutong world go by while enjoying a plate of B

37、eijings best “Peking Duck” or satisfying their thirst with a cold Tsingtao beer.他们还可以在一座石拱桥下停下来，品尝一盘北京最著名的“北京烤鸭”或喝上一杯冰爽解渴的青岛啤酒，观赏着胡同的世界从岁月中流逝。句中while enjoying. 是while they are enjoying. 的省略形式。在while，when，if，unless，though，as soon as 等引导的状语从句中，若状语从句的主语是it 或其主语与主句主语一致，且谓语含有be 动词时，从句主语连同be 动词可省略。即学即用(1)

38、While (we were) visiting the art exhibition, we discussed the great artists works.在参观艺术展期间，我们讨论了伟大艺术家的作品。(2)Work hard when_(you_are)_young,_or youll regret.趁年轻努力工作，否则你会后悔的。(3)If_(it_is)_necessary,_you can refer to the dictionary.如果有必要的话，你可以参考词典。(4)单句语法填空Even if invited (invite), I wont go to such a

39、bad lecture.I witnessed a terrible traffic accident while walking (walk) in the street.单句语法填空1Please keep an eye on my house while I am away.2The majority (major) of students are fond of this game.3The beauty of the valley left an impression on me.4He was more than a teacher. He was our friend as we

40、ll.5The failure of the levy has_squeezed (squeeze) the school districts budget.6He impressed the audience with the profundity of his knowledge.7The project was_undertaken (undertake) by members of the committee.8The death of Mr Smith in a plane crash cast a shadow on/over his company.9While crossing

41、 (cross) the street, he was knocked over by a car.10Showing respect and admiration to elders is a Chinese tradition dating (date) back to ancient times.完成句子1I cannot undertake_that you will make a profit.我不能担保你会获利。2Keep_an_eye_on the stove in case the coffee boils.照看着点炉子以防咖啡溢出来。3They find_it_difficu

42、lt for us to repay the money.他们发现对于我们来说还债很难。4No_doubt he means to help, but in fact he just gets in the way.他确实是想帮忙，然而事实上他只是帮倒忙。5At present a train can travel more_than 120 kilometres an hour.目前，火车每小时能行驶120多公里。6The regal lady had made_a_deep_impression_on him.那位雍容华贵的妇人给他留下了深刻的印象。7The decisive battle dates_back_to the 9th century.这场决战发生于9世纪。8There were already ten people in the lift, but he managed to squeeze_in.电梯内已有十人，可他还是挤了进来。