2022年中考英语阅读 词汇提升 句型分析系列11.docx

1、56Once upon a time there was no tea at all in England. People there used to drink a light beer(啤酒). No coffee or milk but large glasses of beer stood on the breakfast table!When tea was first brought to England, an old couple got some as a special treat. But they did not know how I t should be used.

2、(1) They cooked the leaves in hot water, and spread them on a piece of bacon(熏肉) which they were going to have for dinner. They ate the leaves, and threw the tea away! However, tea is becoming as popular as coffee and milk in England today.Tea is the leaf of a plant which grows widely in China, Japa

3、n and some other countries. Tea famers usually grow many tea plants on a large piece of land. When the tea leaves are ready to be picked, it is the busiest time for tea farmers in a year. They pull off on the leaves and dry them. In their spare time, they pick out the best leaves and get them ready

4、for market. In china, whenever a visitor comes into a house, he is served with a cup of tea.词语突破:spread英spred 美sprdvi. 传播；伸展 vt. 传播，散布；展开；铺开n. 传播；伸展 adj. 伸展的popular英ppjl美ppjl adj. 流行的，通俗的；受欢迎的；大众的；普及的pull off 赢得；脱下；努力实现pick out挑选出难句释疑:(1) They cooked the leaves in hot water, and spread them on a pie

5、ce of bacon(熏肉) which they were going to have for dinner. 语法突破:Which代替先行词bacon引导定语从句在定语从句中作have的宾语。翻译：他们把茶叶在热水里煮一下并且把它们铺展在晚餐要享用的熏肉上。57Everywhere in the world there are different ways of behaving(1)When we meet someone，everything we say and do expresses our cultural backgroundSo if you want to get on

6、 with someone from another culture，it helps to understand something about these differences.Even how we stand depends on our cultureEnglish people talk to each other at an average （平均的） distance of 130 cm，while Italians chat at an average distance of 80 cmSo Italians can think that English people ar

7、e unfriendly because they stand too far away!And English people can think that Italians are too close Touching is also cultural(2)The French touch much more than AmericansA French couple may touch 100 times in half an hour while an American couple may only touch twice!And French teenagers touch each

8、 other much more than American teens词语突破：background 英 bkgrand 美 bkrand n. （画等的） 背景; 底色; 背景资料; 配乐 at a distance of 以一个的距离。While 并列连词“然而”，强调对比Eg：He is quiet while his brother is very active.难句释疑： (1) When we meet someone，everything we say and do expresses our cultural background语法突破：这是一个when引导的时间状语从句，

9、主句中everything是主语也是先行词，在定语从句we say and do中做宾语，句中省略了关系代词that/which翻译：当我们遇到某个人的时候，我们的一言一行都表达了我们的文化背景。（2）The French touch much more than Americans语法突破：The French法国人总称，做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。常见的还有：the Chinese/ the Americans/the Germans/the English/the Japanese 翻译：法国人比美国人触碰的还要多。58Parents can be very important tea

10、chers in our lives. However, they are not always the best teachers. Parents may be too close to their children emotionally (感情上). Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience. However, it mi

11、ght seem too dangerous to a parent.Another problem is that parents may expect their childrens interests to be similar to their own. If they love science, they may try to force (强迫) their child to love science too. But what if (要是又怎样) their childs true love is art, or writing, or car repair?Parents u

12、sually want to pass on their values to their children. But should children always believe what their parents do? When children are young, they believe that their parents are always right. But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking. The most important thing to realize is that

13、we all have many teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. Books and newspapers and televisions also teach us. All of them are valuable.词语突破:protector prtekt(r) n.保护者; 防护器，保护装置; 护国公; 英史 摄政者;valuablevljubladj. 有价值的; 贵重的，宝贵的; 可评估的;n. 贵重物品，财宝;难句释疑:Ano

14、ther problem is that parents may expect their childrens interests to be similar to their own.语法突破：be similar to意思是“与相似”反义词组：be different from翻 译：“另一个问题是父母们可能期望自己孩子的兴趣和他们自己的相似。” 59“How are you?” is a nice question. Its a friendly way that people in the U.S.A greet each other. But “How are you?” is al

15、so a very unusual question. Its a question that often doesnt need an answer. The person who asks“ How are you?” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the persons friend isnt fine. The reason is that “How are you?” isnt really a question and “Fine” isnt really an answer. They are simply other ways

16、 of saying “Hello” or “Hi”.Sometimes, people also dont say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks “Do you agree?” the other person might think, “No, I disagree. I think youre wrong.”But it isnt very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “Im not sure.” Its a ni

17、cer way to say that you dont agree with someone. People also dont say exactly what they are thinking when they finish talking with other people.For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person say “Ive to go now.” Often, the person who wants to hang up gives and excuse: “Someones at the

18、 door.” “Something is burning on the stove.” The excuses might be real, or not. Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesnt want to talk any more, but it isnt polite to say that. The excuse is more polite, and it doesnt hurt the other person.Whether they are greeting each other, talking ab

19、out an idea, of finishing a talk, people dont say exactly that they are thinking. Its an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and its part of the game of language.词语突破：exactly：gzktliadv.恰恰; 确切地; 精确地; 完全地，全然;strongly：strladv.强烈地; 坚强地; 坚固地; 强有力地;难句释疑：The person who asks“ How are you

20、?” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the persons friend isnt fine.语法突破：该句是由even if 引导的让步状语从句，主句当中有一个who 引导的定语从句。翻译：问“你好吗”的人希望听到“好”的回复，即使被问的人情况不好。People also dont say exactly what they are thinking when they finish talking with other people. 句中由what 引导宾语从句，when引导时间状语从句。翻译：很多人并不准确的说出他们所想的内容当他们结

21、束与别人的谈话的时候。(1)A mouse was surprised to discover that the farmer and his wife had a mousetrap(老鼠夹) in the house. It ran to warn everyone .“There is a mousetrap in the house!”A hen raised its head and said,“Mr.Mouse, this mousetrap is only for you. I wont be worried about it.”The mouse turned to a pig

22、 .“I am sorry ,Mr .Mouse ,but the mousetrap has nothing to do with me, either!”the pig said. Then the mouse turned to a cow.“It sounds like you have a problem , not for me .”the cow said. The mouse returned to the house with head down and it was very sad because no one would help.That night the farm

23、ers wife heard a loud sound and she rushed to see what was caught .In the darkness she could not see that it was a snake. The snake bit the farmers wife. The wife caught a bad fever and the farmer thought the best way to treat a fever was chicken soup. So the farmer killed the hen for the soup.The w

24、ife got worse and her friends came to visit her. The farmer had to kill the pig to feed them.But the wife didnt get better and died. Her friends came and the farmer had to kill the cow to feed all of them.词语突破:darkness. n 黑暗；模糊；无知；阴郁safe 安全的safeness 安全lonely 孤独寂寞的loneliness 孤独寂寞（词尾为y的先改y为i）happy 快乐的

25、happiness 快乐dark 黑暗的darkness 黑暗tired 疲劳疲倦的tiredness 疲劳疲倦kind 慈善的，宽容的，善良的kindness 好意bitter 苦的bitterness 苦味，苦难，怨恨silly 愚蠢的silliness 愚蠢treat.英trit美trit vt. 治疗；对待；探讨；视为 vi. 探讨；请客；协商 n. 请客；款待难句释疑:A mouse was surprised to discover that the farmer and his wife had a mousetrap(老鼠夹) in the house.语法突破:Be surp

26、rise to惊讶于. 对.感到吃惊That引导的宾语从句that在宾语从句中不作成分翻译：一只老鼠吃惊的发现农夫和他的妻子的家里有一个老鼠夹子60Is advertisement really necessary? Billions of dollars are spent on it every year, so it must be important. After all, its a busy world. You have to advertise to get peoples attention to sell products! Not every company thinks

27、 that way, however. The NO-AD company doesnt advertise in traditional ways. It sells its products by word of mouth.(1) In this way, they can save money and keep costs down, which makes their products cheaper for customers.“Word-of-mouth advertising” happens when one person tells another about a good

28、 experience with a product or service. That next person then tells another friend, family member, or colleague (同事). And so a chain of information is created.Usually, advertisers talk about how good their product is Although they say things like, “Studies show that our product is the best.” or “Ever

29、yone loves this product.” It can sound unconvincing. (2)Its much more believable to hear about a product from a family, member or friend who has used it and liked a Our loved ones opinions are very important to us, so we often listen to their advice about a product.Word-of-mouth advertising has othe

30、r advantages, too. Its cost-effective (after all, its free) and a company doesnt have to create a complex business plan to do it. Here is some advice for small businesses about word-of-mouth advertising. Be prepared to talk about your company at any time. You never know who you will meet. Always car

31、ry business cards. Only say good things about your company. Dont say bad things about your competition. Help other companies by recommending people to them. (3)The more you help others, the more good luck will come back to youand thats good business.词语突破:advertisement dv:tsmnt n. 广告，宣传traditionaltrd

32、nl adj. 传统的；惯例的unconvincingnknvns adj. 不足以令人相信的cost-effectivek:stfektv adj. 划算的；成本效益好的（等于cost-efficient）recommendrekmend vt. 推荐，介绍；劝告；使受欢迎；托付 vi. 推荐；建议难句释疑：（1）In this way, they can save money and keep costs down, which makes their products cheaper for customers.语法突破：这是一个以which引导的非限制性定语从句。翻译：这样，他们就可以

33、省钱，降低成本，从而使他们的产品对客户来说更便宜。（2）Its much more believable to hear about a product from a family, member or friend who has used it and liked a Our loved ones opinions are very important to us, so we often listen to their advice about a product.语法突破：这是一个以who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a family, member or friend ，句中itsadjto do 结构是个固定句型。翻译：更可信的是，听到一个家庭、成员或朋友使用它，喜欢我们所爱的人的意见对我们来说非常重要，所以我们经常听他们关于产品的建议。（3）The more you help others, the more good luck will come back to youand thats good business.语法突破：the比较级，the比较级。意思是越越翻译：你帮助别人越多，好运就会回到你的身上这是一件好事。