Unit 1 Section B Learning About Language-2020-2021学年高二英语同步课堂帮帮帮（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）.docx

1、UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT1.2 Learning About Language重点词汇1.conclusionn.结论;推论2.penicillin n.青霉素;盘尼西林3.fleevi.&vt.迅速离开;逃跑4.circumstancen.usually pl.条件;环境;状况5.novelistn.小说家6.noveln.(长篇)小说7.flow n.流;流动;流畅;供应 vi.流;流动8.chartn.图表 vt.记录;制订计划重点短语1.wear and tear 磨损；损耗 2.flow chart 流程图3.with great effort 努力地

2、4.be distinct from 与.不同5.be well known for以.而著名e to a conclusion得出结论7.with the objective of带着.的目的8.change ones mind 改变某人的主意9.care about 关心；在乎10.show promise in 在.显示出潜力 11.beyond ones control 失去控制12.under construction在建设中重点句式It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not car

3、e about what was happening to their fellow countrymen.Id like to try that Chinese herbal medicine again,which seems to work best for my cough.重点语法非限制性定语从句跟先行词的关系并不十分密切,只是做一些附加说明,不起限制作用,这类从句往往用逗号与主句分开。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别(1)形式不同限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句与其先行词之间一般有逗号隔开。She heard a terrible noise com

4、ing from the ancient tower,which brought her heart into her mouth.(2)意义不同限制性定语从句与其先行词关系十分密切,如果去掉从句,剩余的部分意思往往不完整,甚至失去意义;非限制性定语从句只是其先行词的附加说明,如去掉,句子剩余部分意思仍然完整。We will never forget the happy days when we rebuilt the wooden tower.His sister,who works in an antique shop,is coming to see him tomorrow.(3)翻译

5、不同翻译限制性定语从句时,一般先翻译从句,后翻译先行词;翻译非限制性定语从句时,一般先翻译先行词,后翻译从句,形成两个并列分句或其他类型的分句。I have a son who is now studying in the USA.我有一个现在在美国学习的儿子。(可能还有儿子在别处)I have a son,who is now studying archaeology in the university.我有一个儿子,他现在在大学学习考古学。(含有“我只有一个儿子”之意)(4)先行词不同限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个的名词或代词;非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是单个的名词或代词,也可以是整

6、个句子。Mike sold the old house which came down from his father.(先行词是 house)迈克卖掉了从他父亲手里传下来的老房子。Mike sold the old house,which made his father very angry.(先行词为逗号前的整个句子,即:卖房子这件事)迈克把老房子卖了,这使得他的父亲很生气。I.重点词汇1.conclusion n.结论;推论例：Your information is inaccurate and your conclusion is therefore wrong.你的信息不准确,所以你

7、的结论是错误的。I drew a conclusion from my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed.我从我自己的经历中得出结论:患难见真情。2.circumstance n.条件;环境;状况例：Obviously we cant deal with the problem until we know all the circumstances.显然,我们只有了解全部情况后才能处理这个问题。I wish we could have met under happier circumstances.我真希望我们是在

8、更愉快的情况下相识的。II.重点句式1.It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen.他感到惊讶的是,照片中的其他中国男人显然不在乎同胞们发生了什么。【句式剖析】it是形式主语,that引导的句子是真正的主语,what引导的句子作介词about的宾语。 It strikes sb that.某人突然想到,某人感到惊讶的是It struck me that playing agains

9、t the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.我突然意识到和另一支球队比赛对队里所有的女孩来说都是一个很好的学习机会。2.Id like to try that Chinese herbal medicine again,which seems to work best for my cough.我想再试一次那种中草药,它似乎对我的咳嗽最有效。【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句。主句是Id like to try.,which引导的是非限制性定语从句。would like意为“愿意;想要”,后接名

10、词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。She asked me what I would like to do and mentioned a particular job.她问我想干什么,然后提到了一份特别的工作。I would like to thank them for allowing me to develop their original idea.我想感谢他们允许我深入完善他们最初的想法。.用适当的关系词填空1. His best movie, _won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi. 2. Kate, _sister I sha

11、red a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 3. During the Spring Festival Gala of 2020, did you see Wang Yuan, _is now a famous youth actor. 4. The famous actor, Guo Donglin, _name was known, became a little depressed recently. 5. But my connection with pandas goes back t

12、o my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 6. When it comes to the majority of the latest technologies in the next 20 years, none has greater potential than the technology being

13、 developed in these young peoples company, _in my eyes will lead to a revolution. 7. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _is not good for the health. 8. Everyone knows that Zhong Nanshan _serves as a medical scientist, has devoted himself to hard work again. 9This is the same dic

14、tionary _ I lost last week.10Last Sunday they reached Nanjing, _ a conference was to be held.答案：1. which 2. whose 3. who 4. whose 5. when 6. which 7. which 8. who 9. as/that 10. where.完成句子1. Now Irene Astbury works from 9a. m. to 5p. m. daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _. 现在 Irene Astbury 每天上午

15、9点到下午5点在Macclesfield她和她已故的丈夫 Les一起开的宠物店工作。2. We can send e-mails to our friends _ as well. 我们可以发送电子邮件给和我们一样住的离家乡也很远的朋友。3. There lives an old man near the school, _. 学校附近住着一位老人, 他的儿子在国外工作。4. During traveling, one can meet various people, _. 在旅游期间, 可以见到形形色色的人, 和他们结交新朋友。5. Some students are very busy,

16、_. 有些学生太忙了, 没时间阅读。6. Last Friday we went to the farm, _. 上周五我们去了农场, 帮助农民们采摘西瓜。7. On the platform of 2020 Spring Festival Gala, some famous actors were absent, _. 在2020年春晚舞台上, 一些在过去很著名的演员却未到场。 8. Tom suddenly fell ill, _. 汤姆突然生病了, 这使我们很伤心。9. He didnt pass the exam, _. 他没有通过考试, 这使他的老师感到失望。10. His elde

17、r brother, _, will come to see him tomorrow. 他的哥哥在北京工作, 明天要来看他。答案：1. which she opened with her late husband Les.2. who live so far away from their hometowns.3. whose son is working abroad.4. with whom they can make new friends.5. who dont have time to do reading.6. where we helped farmers to pick wa

18、termelons.7. who had been popular in the past.8. which made us very sad.9. which disappointed his teacher.10. who works in Beijing.用定语从句合并句子1. Ive never heard of the people and things. You talked about them just now._2. You are asking a question. The question is the only one that hasnt been answered

19、._3. We visited the museum last Sunday. The museum is being decorated now. _4. That evening I ended up working very late. I will tell you more about it later. _5. I wish to thank Professor Smith. Without Smiths help I would never have got this opportunity. _答案：1. Ive never heard of the people and th

20、ings which you talked about just now. 2. The question you are asking is the only one that hasnt been answered. 3. The museum (that) we visited last Sunday is being decorated now.4. That evening, which I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. 5. I wish to thank Professor Smith,

21、 without whose help I would never have got this opportunity.一、阅读理解AA bull bison(野牛)in Yellowstone National park charged at a 9-year-old Florida girl. Luckily, the girl was left with only relatively minor injuries. Eyewitnesses say that a group of around 50 peopleincluding the unidentified girlwere s

22、tanding within 5 10 feet of the bison for at least 20 minutes near Observation Point Trail before the animal decided to charge. We saw through the trees some people petting the bison, super close,” Hailey Dayton, 18, an eyewitness who filmed the incident. Because it was agitated by all the people an

23、d noise, it just attacked.In Yellowstone, there are about 4 ,500 bison, the nations largest and most important bison population on public land. Yellowstone is the only place in the lower 48 states where free-ranging bison have lived continuously since prehistoric times, according to a statement from

24、 the National Park Service (NPS). The Yellowstone population is also significant for being one of the few herds(群)in the country that has not been inter- bred(杂交)with cattle.While they feed primarily on grass, they can be aggressive if annoyed. Stay 25 yards away from all large animalsbison, bighorn

25、 sheep, deer etc. and at least 100 yards away from bears and wolves, the statement read. If need be, turn around and go the other way to avoid interacting with a wild animal in a close distance. ”Despite the presence of seemingly more dangerous animals such as bears and wolves, bison have injured mo

26、re people in Yellowstone than any other creature. This is what happens when you make fun of wildlife and pay no mind to an animals personal space, Dayton wrote in a tweet. This family was petting the buffalo before it charged. And as you can see the parents saved themselves over their daughter. That

27、 really put me off. ”1.What does the underlined word agitated probably mean?A.Amused.B.Released.C.Comforted.D.Disturbed.2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.The remaining population of bison.B.What Yellowstone means to bison.C.How bison survived the hardships.D.Bisons living conditions in Y

28、ellowstone.3.What is the NPS statement in Paragraph 3 meant to do?A.To warn people not to tease bison.B.To inform readers of some large animals.C.To persuade readers to protect the wildlife.D.To urge people to give bison enough space.4.What is Dayton s attitude towards the familys act?A.Positive.B.P

29、itiful.C.Unfavorable.D.Admirable.【答案】1.D 2.B 3.D 4.C【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了黄石国家公园的一头野牛向一名9岁的佛罗里达女孩冲去导致她受伤的事件，并再一次强调了野牛的生活习性，公园警示，游客的不当做法等方面。1.词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“Because it was agitated by all the people and noise, it just attacked.”可知，前后句之间为因果关系，结合常识分析，可推知它会攻击人是因为它受到了人类和噪音的干扰。因此可知，划线单词agitated应与选项D. Dist

30、urbed(打扰) 表达含义一致。故选D项。2.主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“In Yellowstone, there are about 4 ,500 bison, the nations largest and most important bison population on public land. Yellowstone is the only place in the lower 48 states where free-ranging bison have lived continuously since prehistoric times, according to a st

31、atement from the National Park Service （ NPS）. The Yellowstone population is also significant for being one of the few herds in the country that has not been inter- bred with cattle.( 在黄石公园，大约有4500头野牛，这是美国最大也是最重要的公共土地上的野牛种群。据美国国家公园管理局(NPS)的一份声明称，黄石公园是美国本土48个州中唯一一个自史前时代起就一直生活着自由放养的野牛的地方。黄石公园的种群数量也很可观

32、，因为它是全国为数不多的没有与牛杂交的畜群之一。)”可知，本段陈述的重点是 Yellowstone 之于野牛的重要性。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容：“Stay 25 yards away from all large animalsbison, bighorn sheep, deer etc. and at least 100 yards away from bears and wolves,” the statement read. “If need be, turn around and go the other way to avoid interacting with

33、a wild animal in a close distance.”(声明中写道:“远离所有大型动物，如野牛、大角羊、鹿等，并与熊和狼保持至少100码的距离。”“如果有必要，转身走另一条路，避免与近距离的野生动物接触。”)可知声明的目的是警告游客不要密切接触野生动物给以它们以空间。故选D项。4.推理判断题。根据文章末尾句内容“That really put me off.( 那真的让我很反感。)”可知Dayton对这个家庭的行为是感到反感的。故选C项。BThe Internet has become part of modern life, bringing convenient servi

34、ces to everyone who can connect. While it seems hard to live without the Internet, it also brings new problems. For example, individuals, organizations and even governments can become targets of cyber attacks.The past week marked Chinas sixth annual Cybersecurity Week, held from Sept 16 to 22 nation

35、wide. The opening ceremony and major activities were held in Tianjin. First launched in 2014, the event was designed to raise public awareness of the importance of fighting online threats and cyber attacks. The theme of this years event is cybersecurity for the people and by the people.The leaking (

36、泄露）of personal information now stands out. Efforts should be made to raise peoples sense of fulfillment, happiness and security in cyberspace, said President Xi Jinping in an instruction for the event. The country will safeguard the security of personal information and citizens legal rights and inte

37、rests in cyberspace. According to a report from the 2017 China Internet Security Conference, more than 90 percent of Android smartphones for sale in China contained serious safety bugs. Such flaws (缺陷)allow hackers to control entire phones and obtain the users passwords, bank information and more.To

38、 protect personal information, China issued its first cybersecurity law in June 2017. One key part of this law is meant to protect personal information. It rules that network operators are not allowed to leak, change or damage the personal information they gather. They are also not allowed to give p

39、ersonal information to others freely.Apart from China, issuing laws to protect personal information and prevent junk electronic information is a common practice in other countries.5.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To introduce the new Internet-based problems.B.To show readers a new Inte

40、rnet-based trend.C.To make a list of new cybercrimes online.D.To call for protection of personal security.6.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A.Android smartphones sales are on the decrease.B.Personal data protection comes into focus.C.Netizens are sensitive to online information.D.Nearly all sm

41、artphones contain security flaws.7.Who does Chinas first cybersecurity law mainly intend to regulate?A.Website designers.B.Illegal hackers.C.Network operators.D.Internet-based companies.8.What will be probably mentioned after the last paragraph?A.Foreign practices to safeguard cybersecurity.B.Countr

42、ies producing laws of national security.C.Effective ways to deal with personal security.D.Advice on how to avoid leaking personal data.【答案】5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了互联网带来的新的问题：个人信息泄露，同时提到了中国对此采取的措施。5.推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“While it seems hard to live without the Internet, it also brings new proble

43、ms(虽然没有互联网似乎很难生活，但它也带来了新的问题)”可知本段的主要目的是引出文章的中心话题：互联网带来的问题。故选A项。6.推理判断题。根据文章第三段首句内容“The leaking of personal information now stands out.( 个人信息的泄露现在引起了人们的注意。)”可知，本段主要在阐述个人信息通过互联网泄露的问题，因此可推知，保护个人信息安全很重要。故选B项。7.细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“It rules that network operators are not allowed to leak, change or damage the

44、personal information they gather. They are also not allowed to give personal information to others freely.( 它规定，网络运营商不得泄露、更改或损害他们收集的个人信息。他们也不允许向他人免费提供个人信息。)”可知，中国首部网络安全法的主要目的是规范网络运营商。故选C项。8.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“Apart from China, issuing laws to protect personal information and prevent junk electronic in

45、formation is a common practice in other countries.( 除了中国，其他国家也普遍颁布法律保护个人信息，防止电子信息垃圾化。)”提及了除了中国外的其他国家，因此可以推知，后文要讲述其他国家在这方面采取的措施。故选A项。CIts October and you know what that means the return of pumpkin Kit Kats, spooky (幽灵般的，怪异的)costumes for the kids and, of course, homemade Halloween treats. The whole sp

46、ooky season leads up to tricks on October 31, but Halloween as we know it may be changing.Its pretty common knowledge that Halloween takes place on October 31. For a lot of parents, its a night of headaches. Sure enough, parents are fully occupied with an unforgettable Halloween party and have no ti

47、me to be with the kids. Then the kids have to be dressed and out the door for two hours of trick-or-treating time, which can be tough to manage. Most remarkably, its hard to pack all the holiday fun into a school night. Eating all that candy right before bed wont make for an easy school day the next

48、 morning.Last year, a nonprofit organization called the Halloween and Costume Association(HCA) began a petition (请愿)to change the date of Halloween. They proposed that Halloween take place on the last Saturday of the month. Thus, parents can have time to celebrate it with their kids.Though the petit

49、ion started in 2018, it has really picked up steam this year. Right now, more than 148, 000 people have signed. When a quota(限额) of 150,000 signatures is met, the petition will be delivered to the President of the States, and the government will be making the final call.Really, the petition isnt abo

50、ut breaking tradition but about making Halloween more family-friendly. It technically makes Halloween longer, so who wouldnt be taking about all-day spooks? If youd like to sign the petition and make your voice heard before October, you can find it here.9.What troubles parents most on Halloween?A.Th

51、ey cant find the kids in the night.B.They have little time to prepare for it.C.Its hard for kids to behave themselves.D.Halloween may take place on a school day.10.The petition for Halloween is actually intended to_.A.help kids gain more freedomB.create more parent-child timeC.allow parents to have

52、a day offD.promote the event to a new level11.What can be inferred about the petition?A.No one desired to sign their name at first.B.It has been put aside by the government.C.The US president thinks nothing of it.D.It has gained increasing favor.12.What is the best title for the text?A.Break the tra

53、ditional barriers?B.Make Halloween Much Longer?C.Celebrate it in another manner?D.Necessary to observe Halloween?【答案】9.D 10.B 11.D 12.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项关于更改万圣节日期的请愿活动。9.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“ Most remarkably, its hard to pack all the holiday fun into a school night. Eating all that candy right before

54、bed wont make for an easy school day the next morning.( 最值得注意的是，很难把所有的节日乐趣都安排在学校的夜晚。在睡前吃完所有的糖果并不会让第二天早上的学习变得轻松)”可知万圣节在上学日是一件令父母感到很麻烦的事情。故选D项。10.细节理解题。根据文章第三段末尾句内容“Thus, parents can have time to celebrate it with their kids.( 这样，父母就有时间和孩子们一起庆祝。)”可知，这项请愿的目的是为了让父母有更多的时间和孩子在一起。故选B项。11.推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“Th

55、ough the petition started in 2018, it has really picked up steam this year. Right now, more than 148,000 people have signed(尽管该请愿活动始于2018年，但今年才真正升温。目前，已有超过14.8万人签署了该法案)”可知，这项请愿活动已经得到的不断增长的支持。故选D项。12.主旨大意题。文章主要围绕是否改变万圣节日期（实际上是延长万圣节时间）的请愿展开，同时讲述了这项请愿的目的和发展状况。选项B“Make Halloween Much Longer?( 万圣节变长了?)”贴

56、合主题。故选 B 项。二、七选五How to keep a Relationship Healthy and StrongAre you new to experiencing relationships? Well，let me give you advice on how to have a healthy relationship with your partners.13. Dont hide things from them，and dont lie. Dont be afraid to say things that arent very flattering about your

57、self. Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship. If theres no trust，theres nothing there. So please be honest and they will learn to open up to you.Make sure you give them respect. Now，respect isnt just simply treating them nicely. There is a lot more to it. You hav

58、e to learn to adjust to their liking. 14. Dont just think about yourself，but think about what your partners need out of it as well.15. Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positive at the time. Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with. This

59、is an important step in a relationship. Your partner needs out of it as well.Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness. Laugh a lot with them，and joke with them. Laughter may seem silly，but its the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive. 16.

60、Make sure the communication is good. This goes along with trust，but always communicate how you feel even if its something that upsets you. Instead of screaming, talk to them.17.Its important to communicate this to them，not to keep it bottled up.A.Show them your personality.B.Be an honest person with

61、 them.C.Make sure you are reliable to your partners.D.Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.E.Dont start to neglect them and make them feel unwanted.F.Basically, learn to study your partners moods, wants and needs.G.If they did something that made you happy, tell them about it in a resp

62、ectful manner.【答案】13.B 14.F 15.C 16.D 17.G【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍维持一种牢固而又健康的人际关系的几个策略。13.根据横线后一句Do not hide things from them, do not lie.可知不要对别人隐瞒，也不要说谎。作者在本段中建议我们要诚实，故选B。14.根据前后两句You have to learn to adjust to their liking.和Don t just think about yourself ,think about what your partner needs out of it as we

63、ll.可知作者告诉我们要了解自己同伴的需求，不要只是考虑自己的感受和需要。故F正确。15.根据下面两句Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time. Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with.可知要愿意帮助他人，要让别人知道我们是值得依赖的。也就是说要保证自己对别人是有帮助的。故选C。16.根据本段前面两句Make sure you have a good

64、 sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness.可知保持幽默感很重要，因为开心是幸福的关键。作者在本段中告诉我们要通过笑让我们之间的关系更持久，故选D。17.根据本段最后一句It s important to communicate this to them , not keep it bottled up.可知和别人的交流很重要，而且要注意交流的方式方法。故选G项。三、完形填空The concept of solitude(独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent.

65、In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 18 . Solitude can be hard to discover once it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 19 our culture.The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 20 as weve k

66、nown it. People have become so 21 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if theyd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog, not only from our 22 , but from our mobile phones as well.Most developed nations have become 23 on digital technolog

67、y simply because theyve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 24 it would make them an outsider. 25 , many jobs and careers require people to be 26 . From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 27 to those who may not want to be able

68、 to be contacted at all times. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who really wants it. Computers can be 28 and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many 29 . Travelers have ended up 30 on mountains, and mobile phones have

69、saved countless lives. However, they can also make people feel 31 and forced to answer unwanted calls or turn to unwanted texts.Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 32 across generations. Some find todays technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyones view on the su

70、bject, its hard to imagine what life would be like without daily advancements in technology.18.A.updated B.received C.shared D.collected19.A.expanded B.shaped C.retained D.promoted20.A.mission B.orbit C.end D.desire21.A.powerful B.intelligent C.concerned D.reachable22.A.media B.computers C.headsets

71、D.monitors23.A.tough B.hard C.keen D.dependent24.A.finding B.using C.attending D.consuming25.A.Also B.Instead C.Otherwise D.Somehow26.A.connected B.trained C.recommended D.interested27.A.pleasure B.benefit C.burden D.disappointment28.A.put off B.shut down C.taken over D.set up29.A.aspects B.weakness

72、es C.advantages D.exceptions30.A.packed B.lost C.survived D.floated31.A.trapped B.attempted C.confused D.committed32.A.vary B.arise C.spread D.exist【答案】18.C 19. B 20. C 21 D 22. B 23. D 24. B 25.A 26.A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30.B 31.A 32. A 【解析】本文为议论文。独处理念在当今数码世界几乎不复存在，新技术使我们连接成了一个社会，并塑造了我们的文化。能够被连接在一起既有

73、优势也有弊端。不管人们对这一话题持何种态度，如果没有日常技术进步，很难想象生活会是什么样子。18.考查动词辨析。A. updated更新；B. received接收；C. shared分享；D. collected收集。根据上一句可知，独处理念在数码世界几乎不存在，因此信息的意义在于分享。故C选项正确。19.考查动词辨析。A. expanded扩张；B. shaped塑造；C. retained保持；D. promoted促进。根据下文From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work.可知，从这方面来说，新技

74、术塑造了我们的文化。故B选项正确。20.考查名词辨析。A. mission任务；B. orbit轨道；C. end结束；D. desire渴望。句意：被联系的渴望使独处消亡。bring an end to“使结束”。故C选项正确。21.考查形容词辨析。A. powerful强有力的；B. intelligent有才智的；C. concerned担心的；D. reachable可到达的。句意：在网络交织的世界里，人们已经变得如此随处可及。故D选项正确。22.考查名词辨析。A. media媒体；B. computers电脑；C. headsets耳机；D. monitors监视器。句意：今天，我们

75、不仅可以通过电脑，也可以通过手机谈话、编辑短信、发邮件、聊天和写博客。故B选项正确。23.考查形容词辨析。A. tough困难的；B. hard辛苦的；C. keen渴望的；D. dependent依靠的。句意：大多数发达国家已经依赖于数码技术，仅仅因为习惯于此。be dependent on“对依赖”。故D选项正确。24.考查动词辨析。A. finding发现；B. using使用；C. attending参加；D. consuming消耗。句意：这个时候，不使用数码技术将会使他们成为局外人。故B选项正确。25.考查副词辨析。A. Also而且；B. Instead相反；C. Otherwi

76、se否则；D. Somehow不知何故，不知怎地。句意：而且，许多工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。表示递进，故A选项正确。26.考查动词辨析。A. connected连接，联系；B. trained训练；C. recommended推荐；D. interested使感兴趣。句意：许多工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。表示“联系”，故A选项正确。27.考查名词辨析。A. pleasure乐事；B. benefit益事；C. burden负担；D. disappointment令人失望的事。句意：对那些可能不想总是能够被联系上的人来说，随处可及可能感觉像个负担。故C选项正确。28.考查动词短语辨析。A.

77、 put off推迟；B. shut down关闭（与该空后turn off一致）；C. taken over接管；D. set up设立。句意：电脑可以被关机，手机也是。故B选项正确。29.考查名词辨析。A. aspects方面；B. weaknesses弱点；C. advantages优势（与该空后disadvantage相对）；D. exceptions例外。句意：能够被联系上既有优势也有弊端。故C选项正确。30.考查形容词辨析。A. packed充满的；B. lost迷路的；C. survived幸存的；D. floated浮动的。句意：旅行者最后迷失在大山上，手机挽救了无数的生命。e

78、nd up done/adj./doing“以告终（为结局）”。故B选项正确。31.考查形容词辨析。A. trapped被困的，受限制的；B. attempted企图的；C. confused困惑的；D. committed效忠的。句意：手机也会使人们感到受限制故A选项正确。32.考查动词辨析。A. vary变化，呈多样化；B. arise（问题）出现；C. spread散步，蔓延；D. exist存在。句意：对于我们被连接成一个社会，不同代的人态度不一。故A选项正确。四、语法填空Once every 4 years the World Cup has always deeply attrac

79、ted millions of fans around the world since it 33.（hold）. As 34.matter of fact， there were two trophies in history. The first was made by Paris technician， Friel， who was very 35.（fame） for making jewelry. The model， which was the goddess of victory，36.（dress） in ancient Rome costume， stretching her

80、 arms and holding the image of the cup， stood on the marble base. According to the FIFA regulations at that time， the World Cup champion team could keep the gold cup for 4years to the next cup return. Besides， there was an additional 37.（require）. The team who won the three world championships would

81、 always get this cup.In the 1970 World Cup， Brazil won the title the 38.（ three） time. The Golden Goddess Cup flew to Brazil and was expected to be kept there39.（permanent）. Unfortunately， later the Gold Cup was stolen and melted. 40.（create） a new trophy in 1971， FIFA finally collected fifty-three

82、designs，41.which the work of Italian Gazania was selected. He designed the trophy - two Herchles （大力神） lifted the design of the earth. The base is made up of two layers of precious malachite （孔雀石）. In reality， FIFA rules the new cup as a mobile prize. It means 42.team wins the championship can not o

83、ccupy the cup forever.【答案】33.was held 34.a 35.famous 36.dressed 37.requirement 38.third 39.permanently 40.To create41.from 42.whichever/whatever【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了世界杯的一些历史故事以及奖杯的拥有问题。33.考查被动。主语是单数名词，此处指“被举办”，since引导的从句使用过去时。故填was held。34.考查冠词。固定短语：as a matter of fact：事实上。故填a。35.考查形容词。根据was可知，此处做表语，构成

84、词组be famous for：因为而闻名，应使用形容词。故填famous。36.考查非谓语。be dressed in：穿着的衣服，作后置定语，应使用过去分词。故填dressed。37.考查名词。形容词修饰名词，额外的要求，应使用名词。故填requirement。38.考查序数词。此处指“第三次”，应使用序数词。故填third。39.考查副词。修饰动词be kept，应使用副词形式。故填permanently。40.考查不定式。此处用不定式做目的状语。故填To create。41.考查介词。固定短语：select from：从选择。故填from。42.考查连词。whichever/whate

85、ver引导mean（意味着）的宾语从句，意为“不管哪个队伍赢了或者不管什么队伍赢了”。故填whichever/whatever。1.(2020江苏)Many lessons are now available online, from _ students can choose for free.A. whoseB. whichC. whenD. whom2.(2020天津)Dr. Rowan, _ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.A. whoseB. of whomC. of whichD.

86、 which3.(2019江苏) We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that4.(2019天津) Their child is at the stage_ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what5.(2019新课标I卷.短文改错)One afternoon where I was in primary scho

87、ol, I was walking by the school playground.6.(2019新课标II卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， _62_ she opened with her late husband Les.7.(2019新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters _64_ had great experience with caring for these animals.8.(2019新课标I

88、II卷.短文改错) In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.9.(2019浙江)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _58_gives off light in the dark.10.(2019北京)The students benefiting most from college are those _9_ are totally engaged(参与)in ac

89、ademic life.答案：1.【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。2.【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。_ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示”Dr. Rowans “，表示”的”，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。3.【答案】C【解析】考查定语从

90、句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。4.【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。5.【答案】One afternoon I was in primary school, I was walking by the

91、school playground.【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。6.【答案】where【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。7.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。8.【答案】Inthecafe,customerswillenjoy themselve

92、sinthehistoricalenvironmentiscreatedforthem.【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故 把what改为that/which。9.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。10.【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。_3_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。