Unit 3 Our animal friends 语法讲义 2020-2021学年牛津深圳版英语七年级下册（含答案）.docx

1、Unit3 Grammar：反身代词与方位介词1. To find out the rules of the reflexive pronouns(singular reflexive pronouns ending and plural reflexive pronouns ending ).2. To know the special usage of reflexive pronouns .3. To learn which prepositions of position often appear in the test and master it. 一、反身代词subject pro

2、nounadjectival possessive pronounreflexive pronounsingularImymyselfyouyouryourselfhehishimselfsheherherselfititsitselfpluralweourourselvesyouyouryourselvestheytheirthemselves二、 方位介词一反身代词1. 定义反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。它的基本含义是：通过反身代词指代主语，使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。因此，反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性质、数上保持一致。2. 用法口诀反身代词表自

3、身，句中可作三成分；动介后面用作宾，表示动作回自身。句中强调同位语，主语宾语后变跟；系动be后作表语，这个用法要牢记。3. 辨析（1）作宾语，此时的宾语指的就是主语We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.我们昨晚玩得很开心（2） 作表语，此时的表语指的就是主语I am not myself today.我今天不舒服（3）作同位语The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要注意：反身代词本身不能单独作主语(错) Myself drove the car. (对) I myself drove the car. 我

4、自己开车。反身代词不能做主语，但可以放在主语后或句末。例如：I did it by myself.4. 常考固定搭配enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；help oneself (to) 随便用；hurt oneself 伤害自己；teach oneself 自学；get dressed oneself 自己穿衣【即学即练】用相应的反身代词填空。1. The box _(it) is not so heavy.2. You had better ask the driver _ (him). 3. Take good care of _(you).4. The child can dress

5、 _(he). 5. The poor boy was_(me).6. Im not quite _(I) these days. 参考答案：1.itself 2. himself 3. yourself 4. himself 5.myself 6. myself 二方位介词1. 基本方位介词in在里面The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。on在上面There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。under在下面/正下方Whats under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？over在正上方There is a shelf

6、 over the table. 桌子上方有一个书架。above 在斜上方Raise your arms above your head.把手放头上below 在斜下方Her skirt came below her knees.她的长裙子到膝盖以下behind在之后There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车。next to在旁边There is a caf next to the barbers. 理发店隔壁是一家咖啡馆。near在附近My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。by 在旁 He was sitting by

7、the window .他坐在窗户边。2. 辨析第一组：over, above和on的用法over指在的正上方，表示垂直在上。There is a lamp over the desk.above指在上方，属于斜上方。如： Raise your arms above your head.on指在上面，表示两物体接触。如：There is a cup on the table.第二组：under / below的用法：under在下面/正下方：Whats under your desk? below 在斜下方：Her skirt came below her knees.【即学即练】( ) 1.

8、 The boat is passing_ the bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across( ) 2. Two planes are flying_ the city. A. through B. over C. on D. below ( ) 3. We can see a river running to the east_ the hill. A. under B. below C. over D. on ( ) 4. Do you see the kite _ the building. A. over B. across C. o

9、n D. above参考答案：1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D第三组：in 和on表示“在上”门一类镶嵌在墙里的，用in，字画一类挂在墙面上的，用on鸟一类落在树上的，用in； 苹果一类长在树上的，用on【即学即练】( ) 1. He put up a map _ the back wall because there was a hole _ it.A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at( ) 2. There is a door_ the wall. A. on B. to C. of D.in( ) 3. There are some bir

10、ds singing_ the trees. A. in B. on C. at D. from( ) 4. There are so many apples_ that tree.A. in B. on C. at D. from参考答案：1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B第四组：at, in表示“在”at表示较小的地点。如： at the bus stop, at homein表示较大的地点。如： in China, in the world( ) 1. Uncle Wang arrived_ Beijing half an hour ago. A. at B. in C to D.

11、/( ) 2. My uncle lives _ 88 Beijing Street. A. to B. of C. at D. on参考答案：1. B 2. C第五组：in front of 和in the front of in front of表示“在之前”（范围外）。There are some trees in front of the classroom.in the front of 表示“在的前部”（范围内）There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.【即学即练】Tom sits the classroom ( in

12、front of in the front of). 参考答案：in the front of第六组：in / intoin表示“在里面”，强调静态；There is a ball in the boxinto表示“去里面”，强调动态。 The English teacher went into the classroom.【即学即练】1. I cant find my pen _ (in into) my bag.2. The duck fell _ (in into) the lake.参考答案：1. in 2. into第七组：through / across通过，穿过 across表示

13、横过,即从物体表面通过，与on有关，为二维 The dog swam across the river.through穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与in有关，为三维。The soldiers walked though the forest.【即学即练】( ) 1. Is the street too narrow for the bus to go ? A. through B. across C. on D. in( ) 2. A mother camel was walking her son the desert. A. without; along B. with; through C.

14、 next to; passD. beside; through ( ) 3. The river runs the city. A. across B. through C. over D. from参考答案：1. A 2. B 3. B 综合练习一、单选( ) 1. Help to some more meat, Linda. A. meB. yourselfC. ID. mine( ) 2. I caught a cold. Im not feeling today. A. YouB. myselfC. yourselvesD. your( ) 3. Whenever Mary hear

15、s something interesting, she cant keep it to and wants to share it with me. A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself( ) 4.If people have problems, they should not keep them to and ask for help. A. ourselvesB. yourselvesC. themselvesD. itself( ) 5.- Wheres my schoolbag? - Its the table, the floor. A. on; onB. o

16、n; underC. under; onD. under; under( ) 6.- Where is your Chinese teacher? - Hes the meeting room. A. onB. ofC. toD. in( ) 7. We can get fresh water from rain, from rivers, or from the ground. A. acrossB. underC. overD. off( ) 8. - Wheres your English teacher?- He was those four students. A. inB. bet

17、weenC. amongD. on( ) 9. There is an apple tree the room.A. in frontB. in front ofC. in the frontD. in the front of( ) 10. - Excuse me, is there a museum the library? - Yes. The library is just in front of it. A. behindB. besideC. next toD. from ( ) 11. The little elephant is afraid to go alone. He a

18、lways walks his mother. A. besidesB. besideC. belowD. under ( ) 12. I made the cake by . Help , Tom. A. ourselves, yourself B. myself, yourself C. myself, yourselves D. me, him ( ) 13. Dont read the sun. Its bad your eyes.A. in; to B.under; for C. with; to D. in; on( ) 14. The fireman saved the girl

19、 danger.A. from B. out C. to D. in( ) 15. Mr. Green is our English teacher and comes from USA. A. he B. she C. it D. they二、翻译布莱克太太(Mrs.Black )本人就是一名医生。_马丁(Martin)亲自照顾病人_他有权为自己做出决定。_他没为自己买什么。_做你自己就好了。_我今天不舒服。_解析：一、单项选择1-5:BBDCC6-10:DBCBA10-15: BBBDA二、翻译Mrs.Black herself is a doctor.Martin himself att

20、ended the sick man.He has a right to decide for himself. He bought nothing for himself.Just be yourself.Im not myself today . 一、单项填空( ) 1. - Hi, boys. How was your party yesterday? - Wonderful! We had a big meal and enjoyed .A. themselvesB. myselfC. yourselvesD. ourselves ( ) 2.- Jim, please help to

21、 some bread. - Thank you. A. himself B. yourself C. herself D. myself( ) 3. My sister is old enough to dress now.A. himself B. herself C. myselfD. itself( ) 4. The little kid is just two years old. Hes too young to take care of .A. myself B. themselves C. himselfD. ourselves( ) 5. The students calle

22、d his teacher for help because they couldnt do it by _ A. herself B. himself C. yourself D. themselves ( ) 6. We should think more of others than . A. yourselfB. yourselvesC. ourselvesD. themselves( ) 7.- What did you say? - Nothing. I was just talking to .A. myselfB. yourselfC. herselfD. himself( )

23、 8. Toms mother often looks at in the mirror before leaving home.A. himselfB. herselfC. themselvesD. itself( ) 9. Judy, dont touch that knife. You may hurt .A. herselfB. yourselfC. myselfD. itself( ) 10. The song I Believe I Can Fly tells us that believing in is very important. A. themselves B. itse

24、lf C. ourselves D. yourselves二、语法填空根据图片用适当的方位介词填空。1. There is a computer, a box and some books the table.2. There is a map of China the table.3. A chair is the table.4. A model bike is the table.5. Where is the football? Its the table.6. Look! There are some nice flowers the book shelf and the table

25、.7. I can see many books the book shelf.8. I think there are some pens and rulers the box on the table.9. I cant see whats the door of the shelf. Perhaps some books, too.10. Its dark now. I have to stay the room.解析：一、单项选择1-5: DBBCD6-10: CABBC二、语法填空1. on 2. above 3. in front of 4. next to / beside / on the right of 5. under 6. between 7. on 8. in 9. behind 10. in主格形容词性物主代词反身代词单数Imymyselfyouyouryourselfhehishimselfsheherherselfititsitself复数weourourselvesyouyouryourselvestheytheirthemselves在里面 in在上面 on在下面/正下方 under在正上方 over在斜上方 above在斜下方 below在之后 behind在旁边 next to在附近 near学生易错点整理：