Unit1知识点提要2022-2023学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册.docx

1、8A Unit 1 知识点提要一、 词汇1. 口渴的 adj. thirsty 比较级：thirstier 最高级：the thirstiest 渴望某物 be thirsty for sth.2. 诚实的，正直的 adj. honest 比较级：-er 最高级：the -est一个诚实的男孩 an honest boy说实话 To be honest, = To tell the truth,不诚实的 adj. dishonest 诚实地 adv. honestly 诚实 n. honesty3. 秘密 可n. secret (a/-s) .的秘密 the secret of.秘密的 adj

2、.8AU4 secret4. （为某人）保守秘密（短语）（2种） keep a secret (for sb.) =keep secrets (for sb.) 保密8AU4（短语） keep it secret某人自守秘密(不将秘密说出去) keep secrets to oneself对某人隐瞒 keep secrets from sb.5. 欢乐，高兴；乐趣 不可n. *joy6. 关心，关注，在意 v. care 三单：-s 过去式：-d 现分：caring7. 关心，关怀（短语） care about8. 你自己 反身代词. yourself 复你们自己 反身代词. yourselv

3、es8AU3相信你自己 believe in yourself随便吃/喝(.)；请自便 help yourself/ yourselves (to.)9. 青少年 可n. *teenager (a/-s)在青少年中 among teenagers10. 杂志 可n. magazine (a/-s)11. 好看的，漂亮的 adj. good-looking12. 幽默的 adj. humorous 比较级：more 最高级：the most 13. 幽默 不可n. *humo(u)r14. 礼貌的 adj. polite 比较级：-r 最高级：the -st对某人有礼貌 be polite to

4、 sb.礼貌地 adv. politely 比较级：more 最高级：the most 不礼貌的 adj. impolite不礼貌地 adv. impolitely15. 爱整洁的，整洁的 adj. tidy 比较级：tidier 最高级：the tidiest不整洁的 adj. untidy收拾，整理 v.8AU4 tidy 三单：tidies 过去式：tidied 现分：tiding收拾妥，整理好（短语）8AU4 tidy up整理好你的卧室 tidy up your bedroom整理好它 tidy it up16. 成为；适合 v. make 三单：-s 过去式：made 现分：mak

5、ing（1） “成为” 成为一名杰出的老师 make/become/be an excellent teacher（2） “使” 使某人做某事 make sb. do sth.使某人/某事adj. make sb./sth. +adj.使某人成为n. make sb. +n.（3） “制作” 制作一些纸玫瑰8AU4 make some paper roses17. 信任 v.&不可n. trust 三单：-s 过去式：-ed 现分：-ing18. 确实的，的确 adj. true实现某人的梦想 make ones dream come true区分：真诚地 adv. truly 信任v. tr

6、ust 真相 不可n. truth 19. 谎言 可n. lie (a/-s) 撒谎 tell a lie= tell lies撒谎 v. lie 三单：-s 过去式：-d 现分：lying躺，位于 v. lie 三单：-s 过去式：lay 现分：lying20. 玩笑 可n. joke (a/-s)讲有趣的笑话 tell a funny joke= tell funny jokes21. 慷慨的，大方的 adj. *generous 比较级：more 最高级：the most 对某人慷慨 be generous to sb.22. 乐意的，愿意的 adj. *willing 比较级：more

7、 最高级：the most 愿意做某事 be willing to do sth.23. 在任何时候 adv. any time= anytime24. 嗓音 可n. voice (a/-s) 常用单数 有良好的嗓音 have a good voice噪音 不可n. noise 声音 可n. sound (a/-s) 发出美妙的声音 make a beautiful sound= make beautiful sounds 系v. sound 听起来不错。(That) sounds good/great.25. 歌手 可n. singer (a/-s)26. 几乎，差不多 adv. almos

8、t= nearly8AU8几乎不 adv. hardly27. 圆形的 adj.&周围，绕一整圈；转过来 adv.8AU6 round 比较级：-er 最高级：the -est28. 方形的 adj.&平方的 adj.7BU1&广场 可n. (a/-s)8AU3 square 比较级：-r 最高级：the -st29. 感觉；观念；意识 可n. sense (a/-s) 常用单数很有幽默感 have a good sense of humour方向感差 have a poor sense of direction有很强的时间观念 have a strong sense of time有是非观念

9、 have a sense of right and wrong30. 无聊的 adj. bored形容事/物 比较级：more 最高级：the most 对.感到无聊 feel/get bored with.无聊的 adj. boring形容事/物 比较级：more 最高级：the most 31. 可容纳，装进 v. fit 三单：-s 过去式：-ted 现分：-ting适合，合身 v. fit 考点：fit和match的区分：sth. fit(适合，合身) sb. sth. match(相配) sth.( ) . As we know, a red jacket doesnt _ gre

10、en trousers. But when a little girl wears them, they _ her very well.A. fit; fit B.match; match C.fit; match D.match; fit合适的 adj. fit 适合. be fit for .健康的 adj. fit 保持健康 keep fit32. 碰，撞；把.撞击成 v. knock 三单：-s 过去式：-ed 现分：-ing 33. 到.的上面 动态prep. onto把A碰到B上 knock A onto B34. 笔直的 adj.&径直地 adv. straight 比较级：-

11、er 最高级：the -est有长直发 have long straight hair35. 可爱的，惹人喜爱的 adj.&甜(美)的 adj. sweet= cute= lovely 比较级：-er 最高级：the -est糖果 可n. sweet (a/-s)36. 微笑 v. smile 三单：-s 过去式：-d 现分：smiling37. 微笑 可n. smile (a/-s) 常用单数 某人面带微笑 have/wear a smile on ones face38. 微笑的，带着笑意的 adj. smiling微笑的眼睛 smiling eyes39. 个性 可n. *persona

12、lity (a/personalities)40. 选择；挑选 v. choose 三单：-s 过去式：chose 现分：choosing选择A作为B choose A as B选择做某事 choose to do sth.41. 更差，更糟，更坏 adj. (bad的比较级) worse42. 最差，最糟，最坏 adj. (bad的最高级) worst43. 高，高度 不可n. height .的高度（是什么？） (Whats) the height of .(?) 在高度上 in height高的 adj. high 比较级：-er 最高级：the -est44. 重量 不可n. weig

13、ht.的重量（是什么？） (Whats) the weight of .(?) 在重量上 in weight减肥 lose weight 增肥 put on weight重的 adj. heavy 比较级：heavier 最高级：the heaviest重达 v. weigh 三单：-s 过去式：-ed 现分：-ing 拓展提问重量的句型3种、回答重量的句型2种e.g. 问：Whats the weight of an eraser? = How heavy is an eraser？=How much does an eraser weigh？e.g. 答：An eraser weighs

14、about 20 grams. = An eraser is 20 grams in weight.易错题( )1. _ did you weigh when you were born ? My _ was about 3.5kg.A. How heavy; weigh B. How many; weigh C. How much; weight D. How much; weigh( )2. _ does Daniel weigh? He looks quite slim. He _ 50kg at most.A. How heavy; weighes B. How many; weigh

15、ts C. How much; weighs D. How much; weights45. 秒 可n. second (a/-s)第二 序数词. second46. 竞赛，比赛 可n. (a/-s) &竞争 不可n. competition 47. 测试，考查 可n. test (a/-s)测试，考查 v. test 三单：-s 过去式：-ed 现分：-ing 48. 游泳者 可n. swimmer (a/-s)49. 打算，计划 可n. plan (a/-s) 未来的计划 future plans 为.做计划 make a plan for.打算，计划 v. plan 三单：-s 过去式：

16、-ned 现分：-ning打算做某事 plan to do sth.50. 社会的 adj. social协会；社会 可n.8AU6 society (a/societies)51. 社会工作者（短语） social worker52. 马尾辫 可n. ponytail (a/-s)53. 害羞的 adj. shy 比较级：-er 最高级：the -est54. 英俊的 adj. handsome 比较级：-r 最高级：the -st55. 胖的 adj. fat 比较级：-ter 最高级：the -test56. 勤奋的，工作努力的 adj. hard-working 比较级：more 最高

17、级：the most 57. 耐心的 adj. patient 比较级：more 最高级：the most 对.有耐心 be patient with.病人 可n. patient (a/-s)58. 不快乐的，悲伤的 adj. unhappy 比较级：unhappier 最高级：the unhappiest快乐的 adj. happy59. 杰出的，极好的 adj. excellent成为一名杰出的老师 make/become/be an excellent teacher二、 语言点1. 不定代词用法4种不代adj. 不代to do 不代else 不代作主语，谓v.用单数 e.g. Som

18、ething _ (be) wrong with my computer.2. 数词moren. =another数词n. e.g._somemoren.3. Maybe“也许，可能”放句首。may be“也许是，可能是”放句中。4. 他说的话(2种) what he says= his words5. 做某事费力(3种) have problems/trouble/difficulty with sth.= have problems/trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.6. 疑问词做主语，谓v.用单数e.g. He said he wanted to own

19、 a big farm. Who _ (在意) what he said ? He is such a big mouth.7. 与某人分享某物 share sth. with sb.8. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. do/with sth.9. past _ pass _典型例题( ). Amy knocked my pen _ the floor when he walked _ my desk yesterday. A. onto;pass B. onto; past C. into; pass D. into; past10. 帮过去式中文用法say_ “说”say说话内容（he

20、llo/hi/goodbye/sorry/“”）纸制材料(sign标志、note便条、notice告示、instructions说明书、guidebook旅游指南等)上写着用sayspeak_ “说”“演讲” speak语言（Chinese/English.） speak to sb.talk_ “谈论”talk介词（about/with/to/of）tell_告诉”“讲”告诉某人(不要)做某事 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人某事 tell sth. to sb.= tell sb. sth. 固搭5种讲笑话tell jokes= tell a joke 讲故事

21、tell stories= tell a story 撒谎 tell lies= tell a lie 说实话 tell the truth区分tell the difference典型例题( )1My pen pal lives in America, but she often _ we can _ Chinese when I _ with her online. Sometimes she doesnt understand what I _.Atells, speak, talk, sayBsays, talk, speak, tellCtells, speak, talk, spe

22、akDsays, speak, talk, say( )2Can you _Chinese, Tony?Yes ,but to _ the truth, I could hardly _ a word when I _ in front of the whole school yesterday.Aspeak; tell; say; spokeBsay; talk; speak; talkedCsay; tell; speak; talkedDspeak; tell; talk; spoke( )3Millie cant _ it in Chinese because she cant _ C

23、hinese. Can she _ us the story in English?Aspeak; say; tellBsay; speak; tellCtell; speak; sayDsay; tell; speak( )4 What does the sign _ the bench say? It _ “Wet Paint”.AtalksBtellsCsaysDspeaks11. 事/物 worry. 某事/某物使.担心 人 worry about.= 人 be worried about. 某人担心.典型例题( ) .Annisreallydownthesedays.She _ he

24、r sick motherandhernewjob _ her too.A.worries;worries B.worries;worriesabout C.worriesabout;worries D.worriesabout;worries about12. because 句子，because of 名词（性短语）13. 说某人的坏话 say a bad word/bad words about sb.14. 想要做某事 would like to do sth.15. be famous for. 因.而著名、be famous as. 作为.而著名、be famous to. 为.所

25、熟知16. be friendly to. 对.友好、make friends (with.) （和.）交朋友17. If从句（通过If或逗号断开主句、从句）注意区分if翻译为“是否”还是“如果”主将从现：( ) 1. I dontknowifthey theGreatWallnextSunday. Theywontgothereifit .Avisit; snowsBvisit; willsnowCwillvisit; willsnow Dwillvisit; snows( ) 2. If you _take my advice, you _regret(后悔) later.Adont; w

26、illBwont; willCdont; wontDwont; dont主情从现：( ) 3. Do you know if it tomorrow? I am not sure. It may snow if the temperature below zero.Asnows; will drop Bwill snow; will drop Cwill snow; drops Dsnows; drops主祈从现：( ) 4. If you have problems sleep at night, a glass of warm milk.A of; to drink Babout; dri

27、nking Cwith; drink Dto; drinking18. 提问“外貌、品质、爱好”的4个句型What is sb. like ? 提问外、品 What does sb. look like ? 提问外How does he look ? 提问外 What does he like ? 提问爱好19. both A and B “A和B都” 谓v.的数取决于A和Bnot only A but (also) B “不仅A而且B” 谓v.的数取决于B，即就近原则Both the twins and Jack _(be) from the UK.Not only the twins bu

28、t also Jack _(be) from the UK.20. 排除法解题：前后从属有other，前后不从属无other。any可n.单、any other可n.单、the other可n.复( )1. Shanghai is more modern than _ in Jiangsu Province and it is also more modern than _ in China.A. any city; any city B. any city; the other cities C. any other city; the other cities D. any other c

29、ity; any city( )2. The boy in Class 3 jumps higher than _ in class 2 and higher than _ in his school.A. any other student; the other students B. any student; any other studentC. any other student; any students D.any student; the other student( )3. Shanghai is much larger than _ in France and it is o

30、ne of the _ cities in ChinaA. any city, biggest B. any other city, bigger C. any other city; biggest D.any city; bigger三、 语法（8AU1& 8AU2）1、 比较级和最高级的构成方法（2类）第一类：规则变化构成方法原级比较级最高级形容词短形容词，比较级加er，最高级加the -est。nearnearerthe nearest长形容词，比较级加more，最高级加the most。beautifulmore beautifulthe most beautiful以e结尾的形容词

31、，比较级加r，最高级加the -st。largelargerthe largest以辅音字母y结尾的形容词，比较级去y加ier，最高级去y加the -iest。tidytidierthe tidiest以辅元辅字母结尾的形容词，比较级双写最后一个字母加er，最高级双写最后一个字母加the -esthothotterthe hottest以-ful、-less、-able、-ous、-tive、-ed、-ing等后缀结尾的形容词，无论长短，一律比较级加more，最高级加the most。usefulmore usefulthe most useful副词不以ly结尾的副词，比较级加er，最高级加

32、the -est。fastfasterthe fastest以ly结尾的副词，比较级加more，最高级加the most。carefullymore carefullythe most carefully特例：earlyearlyearlierthe earliest第二类：不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterthe bestbad/badly/illworsethe worstmany/muchmorethe mostlittlelessthe leastoldolder/ elderthe oldest/ the eldestfarfarther/ furtherthe

33、 farther/ the furthest附：3个考点（1） lessadj.，意为“较不adj.”，如less important意为“较不重要”。the leastadj.，意为“最不adj.”，如the least important意为“最不重要”。（2） older和elder都意为“年纪更大”，但older无血缘关系，elder有血缘关系。（3）further常考固搭5种：进一步学习/研究 further study/ research 进一步讨论 further discussion更多的信息 further information 其他的问题 further question

34、s再往前/下走8BU3 further on/ down2、 比较级的用法（6种）比较级than much/even/a little比较级两者比较时，用比较级 见到of the two, 用 the比较级越，就越 The比较级, The比较级越来越 短形比and短形比 越来越强壮_ more and more长形原 越来越漂亮_3、 最高级的用法（5种）见到of the three /of all ，用the最高级见到表示范围的in短语，用the最高级 如：in the world，in our class三者或三者以上比较时，用the最高级one of theadj.最高级可n.复（做主语

35、，谓v.用单数）the序数词adj.最高级，意为“第几adj.” 如：the second largest city意为“第二大城市”注意：若adj.最高级前有形物代、名词所有格，要省略the易错题( )1. Which is _, the earth, the sun or the moon?Aas big as Bbig Cbigger Dthe biggest( )2. Which is _ to the Earth, the Sun or the Moon?A close Bcloser Cclosest Dthe closest( )3. Which city do you thin

36、k is _ from Nanjing, Beijing or Dalian?A. farthest B. far C. farther D. the farthest4. Which do you like _ (well), Daisy, juice or cola ?4、 数量(number)只能比大小，不能比多少。( )1. The number of the students in our school _than _in Rocky Mountain High School. A. is more; that B. are larger; the ones C. are more;

37、 that of ones D. is larger; that of the students5、 价格(price)只能比高低，不能比贵或便宜。( )1. The price of the car is so _ that I cant afford it.AcheapBexpensive Clow Dhigh( )2 Is the ticket price of Town Cinema _ than that of Movie Palace? Yes, and it has _ service, too. Town Cinema is the best choice.Alower; be

38、tterBcheaper; worse Clower; worseDcheaper; better( )3The price of the T-shirt is not _, but this kind of silk dress is very _.Ahigh; expensiveBhigh; cheapCexpensive; highDexpensive; cheap( )4This bag is not expensive. And the price of it is the _ of the three.AlowestBbiggestChighestDsmallest( )5The

39、price of cars is getting _ now, and some people can easily afford to buy one.A cheaper and cheaper Blower and lower Cmore and more expensive Dhigher and higher6、 指示代词that指代上文的可n.单/不可n.，those指代上文的可n.复。e.g. The weather in Heilongjiang is much colder than that in Guangdong.Yes. Thats why the students in Heilongjiang have a longer winter holiday than those in Guangdong.7、 情景交际题考点：“否定词比较级”表最高级的3句话。I cant agree more. 我再同意不过了。 It couldnt be better. 它再好不过了。 It couldnt be worse. 它再糟糕不过了。8、 It could be better. 它本可以更好。