Unit3Grammar（人称代词物主代词 所有格）讲解 练习2022-2023学年牛津译林版英语七年级上册.docx

1、7AU3Grammar人称代词物主代词+所有格一、人称代词+所有格：一）人称代词的主格、宾格。人称代词：人称代词是用来代替表示人或事物的名词，以便不再重复使用名词。人称代词主格：人称代词主格用来代替做主语的名词。第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数Iweyouyouhesheitthey我我们你你们他她它他们人称代词宾格：人称代词宾格是用来代替作动词或介词宾语的名词。第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数meusyouyouhimheritthem我我们你你们他她它他们注意：1、单数你他我，复数一二三，道歉我为先1.）我、你、他都18岁。 You, he and I ar

2、e 18.2.）你们、我们、他们都来自中国。 We, you and they are from China.3.）对不起，我和你都该向王老师道歉。Sorry, I and you both say “sorry” to Mr. Wang.2、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后多用宾格. I like English. _ too. A. I B. He C. Me C3、it 的特殊用法。it 可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人. who is the person over there? It is the headmaster.It 也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等。1.)天气

3、： How cold it is today!2.)时间： Its about eight oclock.3.)距离： Its 200 kilometers from here.随堂练习：1.) -Who is knocking at the door? -I dont know . I was lying in the bed and just ask who _ was. A. he B. she C. it C2.) I cant find my hat . I dont know where I put _. A. one B. it C. that B3.)I cant find m

4、y hat . I think I must buy_. A. it B. one C. that B巩固练习：根据句意思填入相应单词。1. can not carry the box. Can you help ?(我)2. Mike has a sister. often looks after him. (他) 3. are partners. The teacher often asks to read dialogue.(我们) 4. Do often watch TV?(他们) No. Mum asks not to watch TV too much5. Jack likes r

5、eading books. _is a member of the Reading Club. Do you know ?(他) 6.Mrs Lee is over there. Lets go to say hello to _ (she).7.Do you know the girls in the photo? _ are my classmates.8.“Millie” is my English name, but _ am a Chinese girl.9.I live with my grandparents. _ are old but _ look after me very

6、 well.10.Simon was born in Shanghai, but _ lives in Beijing with his parents now.二、）名词所有格的构成及用法。、定义：表示有生命的东西的名词及某些表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的东西的名词后加s来表示所有关系，叫做名词所有格。名词所有格歌诀英语名词所有格，表示物品所有权。名词后加s，这种情况最常见。两者共有添最后，各有各添记心间。复数名词有s,后面只把来添。名词若为无生命，我们常把of用。、名词所有格的用法：一、）名词+s（主要用于有生命的事物）。1、单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加s构成所有格

7、。例如：Jimmysbook（吉米的书）Janesschoolbag（简的书包）ChildrensDay(儿童的节日、六一儿童节)Qianqiansmathisverygood.(倩倩的数学很好。)2、复数名词以-s结尾的只需要加构成所有格。例如：TwinsfatherisMr.Brown.(双胞胎的爸爸是布朗先生。)Girlsfavoritefoodisice-cream.(女孩们最喜欢的食物是冰激凌。)二、）名词+of+名词。 如果名词是无生命的，我们通常就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。例如：Abagofmine=mybag(我的书包)Thenameofthegirl=theg

8、irlsname(女孩的名字)Thewindowofthebedroom=thebedroomswindow(卧室的窗户)三、）特殊所有格。若一样东西为两人共有，则后一个人名用所有格；如果不是两人共有，而是各有各的，则两个名词都用所有格，且其后名词应为复数。例如： ThisisTomandJimsroom.这是汤姆和吉姆共有的房间。 TheseareTomsandJimsrooms.这些是汤姆和吉姆各自的房间。 anhourandahalfswalk（步行一个半小时的路程）四）s所有格所修饰的词的省略现象。（1）表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词，其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如：Ime

9、theratthedoctors（office）我在诊所遇见了她。Hehasgonetothetailors（shop）他到服装店去了。 ShewenttoMrBlacks（house）yesterday她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。（2）名词所有格所修饰的词，如果前面已经提到过，往往可以省略，以免重复。例如：Whosepenisthis？ItsToms这是谁的钢笔？是汤姆的。Thebikeisnotmine，butWangPinpins这辆自行车不是我的，是王品品的。五）双重所有格及其用法。 s所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起，构成of所有格形式，即双重的所有格。它通常表示部分观念，即

10、全体中的一部分，在意义上与oneof相似，它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。此外，双重所有格与指示代词连用时，常带有感情色彩，如赞赏、不满、厌恶等。它的主要形式如下：1名词of名词性物主代词。例如：agoodfriendofmine我的一个好朋友。 aninterestingstoryofhis他的有趣的经历。2名词ofs所有格。例如：Heisafriendofmysisters（oneofmysistersfriends）他是我姐姐的一个朋友。LookatthatlongnoseofJacks看杰克的那个长鼻子。（感情色彩）。试比较：apictureofXiaoZhang 小张（本人）的照片

11、。apictureofXiaoZhangs小张（具有的照片中）的一张照片。3不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词（some，any，many，no，few等）以及which等限定词，一般不与形容词性物主代词或s所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词，而采用of所有格或双重所有格形式。例如：mostofthestudents学生中的大多数。 threeofthem他们中的三个人。 Ihavereadsomebooksofhis我读过他的一些书。 WhichbookofQiongYaoshaveyouread？你读过琼瑶的哪一本书？ s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三者之间的细微区别。请仔细比较下面三句话：1Sh

12、eisMarysbrothersfriend2SheisafriendofMarysbrother3SheisafriendofMarysbrothers1句用的是s所有格，侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系，突出friend一词。2句用的是of所有格，侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系，强调突出了Marysbrother。3句用的是双重所有格，侧重说明Mary哥哥的朋友不止是一个，她只是其中的一个。注意：1.某人+ s/ +名词(1)单数名词+s Toms parents (2) 不以s结尾的复数名词+s Childrens Day womens shoes(3) 以s结尾的复数名词+

13、my friends knives(4) A和B共有的- A and Bs +名词 Tom and Jims mother A和B各有的- As and Bs +名词 Toms and Jims mothers.2.时间/距离/国家/城市+s(或s) +名词 五分钟的路程 five minutes walk= a five-minute walk 今天的会议 todays meeting 十天的假期 ten days holiday =a ten-day holiday3. 名词+of +无生命的物体 教室的门 the door of the classroom 山脚 the foot of

14、the hill 树叶 the leaves of the tree 书的封面 The cover of a book 4. a/an/数词/some+名词+of+名词s / 名词性的物主代词 / 一部分+of+整体 我的一个朋友 a friend of mine 我父亲的一张旧照片 an old photo of my fathers 我们的两个房间 two rooms of ours 她姐姐的一些书 some books of my sisters 巩固练习：一、用所给词的适当形式填空：1.March8this_Day.(woman).2.Takingtwenty_(分钟)exercise

15、everydayisgoodforyourhealth.3.What are your new _ (同学) names? I want to know them.4.Teachersinwesterncountrieshavea_(三个月的)holidayinayear.5.Itsan_(hour)ridefromheretothemuseum.6.I think these pretty bags are the _ (lady). Lets ask them.7.When does the _ (家长) meeting begin this afternoon?二、选择填空：1.-How

16、sJoysskirt?-Herskirtismorebeautifulthan_.A. hersistersandKateB. hersisterandKateC. hersisterandKatesD. hersistersandKates2.Thisis_room.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A. LucysandLilysB. LucysandLilyC. LucyandLilys3.In_time,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees,too.A.fewyearsB. afewyearsC. afewyearD. afe

17、wyears4.Wewillhavea_holidayaftertheexam.A.twomonthB.twomonthC.twomonths D.twomonths5.Didyouhearthe_report?A.policemenB.policemensC.policemensD.policemens6.Itsabout_walkfrommyhome. A.tenminuteB.tenminutesC.tenminutesD.tenminutes7.Thisismydress.Thatoneis_. A.MaryB.MarysC.sisterD.mother8.EverymorningMr

18、.Smithtakesa_tohisoffice.A.20minuteswalkB.20minuteswalkC.20-minuteswalkD.20-minutewalk9.Whereis_sweater?Icantseeit. A.LucyB.LucysC.Lucys10._mothersmadethemhavepianolessons.A.PeterandAnneB.PetersandAnnesC.PetersandAnneD.PeterandAnnes11.Theroomontherightis_. A.herB.sheC.LucysD.Lucy12.Wellhavea_holiday

19、.WhataboutgoingtotheWestLake?A.twodaysB.two-dayC.two-daysD.two-days（两天的假期：twodaysholiday/two-dayholiday）13.Themarketisntfarfromhere.Itsonly_bicycleride.A.halfanhoursB.halfanhoursC.halfanhourD.anhourandahalf14.Wheresyourfather?At_. A.Mr.GreensB.Mr.GreenC.theMr.Greens15.Thetwinbrothersalwaysputsmallpr

20、esentsin_stockingsonChristmasDay.A.eachothersB.eachotherC.eachothersD.eachothers16.Myfatherwillhavea_holidaynextmonth.HelltakemetoQingdao.A.tendaysB.tendaysC.ten-daysD.tendays17.Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?IhavebeentoBeiDaihewithafriend_.A.inChineseB.ofJapanC.ofAmericansD.fromCanada18.Whenwesawthefilm

21、Hero,IsatbetweenTedandBen.Thatistosaymyseatwasbetween_.A.TedandBenB.TedsandBenC.TedandBensD.TedsandBens19.ItissaidthatSARShaskilledmorethan_peopleworldwide.A.threehundredsB.threehundredsC.threehundredsD.threehundred20.Katewonthe_raceinthesummersportsmeeting.A.100-metreB.100-metresC.100metreD.100metr

22、es(同12题)二、物主代词：我们用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词来表示某物属于某人或属于另一个事物。1、形容词性物主代词:用作句子的定语,之后必须带名词, 不能单独使用 。 e.g: This is my book. Thats his book. There are lots of nice shops in our town. 2、名词性物主代词:相当于一个名词词组,之后不能带名词 (其代换的名词, 需在前文中出现); e.g: His book is much newer than mine(= my book). An old friend of mine is coming to

23、 see me. （mine 是名词性物主代词=my friends）所以: 形容词性物主代词 (my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词=名词性物主代词 (mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs）物主代词用法歌诀： 物主代词两类型，形容词与名词性。 形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。 名词性要独立用，主宾表语它都充。人称主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词一 I me my mine we us our ours 二 you you your yours 三 they them their theirs he him his his

24、she her her hers it it its its 随堂练习： 1.) She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I 2.) This isnt my pen , it is _. A. her B. his C. him 3.) Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him 4.) _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our, their

25、B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs 5. )The dog is so poor because _ leg is badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its巩固练习：一、用适当的物主代词填空：1. I think books are yours, Peter. They are not my books. They are not _.2. Please give this to Susan. It is _ pen.3. We are working hard on _ project. The teacher will like it.

26、 4. My cousins and I live in the same building. My flat is on the third floor. _ is on the tenth floor.5. I cant find my ruler. Can I borrow _?6. Mr. Chen loves _ new car very much.二、单项选择1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _

27、 dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him4. _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our , their B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs5. The dog is so poor because _ leg is badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its6. Excuse me, is this _ new camera (照相机)? Yes, its _.

28、A. your; my B. your; mine C. yours; my D. yours; mine7. Lucys skirt is black. What about _? Mine is white. A. you B. your C. yours 8. This is _ classroom, but where is ours? A. they B. themC. theirD. theirs 9. Im from England, and _ name is Jacky. A. her B. his C. your D. my 10. Whose shirt is this?

29、 Is it Toms? No, it isnt. _ is white. A. Mine B. Hers C. His D. Yours 11. Here is a schoolbag. Whose is it? Oh, its _. Thank you. A. my B. mine C. me12. Whose pen is this? Oh, its _. I was looking for it everywhere. A. you B. yours C. me D. mine 13. The lovely girl is from Class 6. _ name is Alice.

30、A. Her B. His C. Your D. Its14. Would you please lend me _ English book? _ isnt here. A. your; I B. you; My C. yours; Mine D. your; Mine15. Please give _ English book to her. A. me B. I C. mine D. my16. Is this _ ruler? No. _ is over there.A. her; Her B. her; Hers C. hers; Hers D. hers; Her 17. Plea

31、se send _ best wishes to Mary. A. IB. me C. my D. mine18. Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. It doesnt matter. You can have _. A. we B. us C. ourD. ours 19. Lily, please put your school things in your bag. But those books are not _, they are Toms. A. I B. my C. mine20. I found a story-b

32、ook on the desk, it isnt mine, it is _, I think. A. her B. she C. yours D. mine 三、Fill in the blanks.1.I think these books are yours, Peter. They are not _.2. Please give this to Susan. It is _ pen. 3. We are working hard on _ model. The teacher will like it, I think. 4. My cousins and I live in the

33、 same building. My flat is on the third floor. _ are on the tenth floor.5. I cant find my ruler. Can I borrow _, Anna? 6. Mr. Chen loves _ new car very much. He bought it last week. 7. These are _ (Lisa) books.8. I have a new pen, and Millie has a new pen too. This one is _ (I), and that one is _ (she).9. Id like to lend _ (I) book to _ (you) brother.10. Today is International _ Day (国际妇女节).