[31885446]Unit 7 讲义2021-2022学年人教版八年级英语下册.docx

1、Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?新课知识讲解与练习Section A 1. about 9,600 ,000 square kilometers in size. 大小约9,6000,0000平方公里。 【解析1】square adj. 平方米 , 用于数字后表面积。 an area of 95 square meters 95平方米的面积 n , 正方形广场 Many old people like dancing on the square after supper. 【解析2】in size = have /has an ar

2、ea of. 面积大小 2. 025 meters deep 深1025米 【解析1】1,025 meters 深1,025米 【注】在英语中表示事物的长、宽、高、深等时主要有两种表达方式 结构1“基数词 + 单位名词+ 形容词long, wide, tall, deep等”。 如果数词超过1单位名词要用复数形式。 【注】单位词有 meter; foot; inch; kilogram 等 Yao Ming is over 2 meters tall. The river is 50 meters wide. “基数词+ 单位名词+ in + 名词length; width; height;

3、depth等 two meters long = two meters in length 2米长 three feet high = two feet in height. 3英尺高 结构2 长、宽、高、深还可用复合形容词表示 “数字+ 量词单位+形容词long/ wide/ tall/ deep等 . 各个词间用连字符连接常作前置定语修饰名词。 Jeremy Shu-How Lin is a 1.91-meter-tall- basketball player. 【解析2】deep adj. 深的 take a deep breath.深深呼吸 【拓展】 adj n deep depth

4、long length high height wide width 3. Qomolangma is _ than any other mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何山都_. 【解析】 “any other +可数名词的单数” 任何其他的 【用法1】any other 其他任何一个 ,后接可数名词单数 指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他任何人或物 通常用于比较级多用于同一范围内相比较。 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 【用法2】 “any other +可数名词单数” 可与 “the

5、other + 可数名词复互换也可用最高级形式表达。 Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class. (any other + 可数名词单数 =Lucy is more careful than the other students in her class. (the other + 名词复数 = Lucy is the most careful student in her class. China is larger than _ in Africa. A. the other countries B. any othe

6、r C. any of the other countries D. any other country 4. Its a lot bigger than the population of the US. 中国人口比美国多对多。 【解析1】a lot .得多很多非常 【辨析】(1) a lot 很多做副词短语修饰动词放在动词之后。相当于very much. It usually rains a lot at this time of year. ( ) He knows _ about this event. A. a lot of B. lots of C. many D. a lot (

7、2)a lot of = lots of + 复数名词 =many +复数名词=much+ 不可数名词 ( ) He drinks _. Hes got _ money but not _ friends. A. a lot; plenty of ; much B. much; a lot of ; many C. a lot; a lot of; many D. a lot of ; a lot; a lot of 【解析2】 population 人口人口数量 population做主语且强度整体人口时谓语动词一般用单数 The population is increasing faste

8、r and faster. 当主语时“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时谓语动词常用复数形式。 Three quarters of the population are workers. 表示人口的多或少时, 用large或small The population of China is very large. 中国人口众多 ( ) The population of the town is much _ than that of your town. A. less B. fewer C. smaller 询问某国、某地有多少人口时, 用How large.?; How large is the

9、population of your hometown? 你们家乡有多少人口? 提问有多少人口常用“ what is the population of ? What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少? 表示 “某地有多少人口 时常用 has a population of 句型 India has a population of more than one billion. ( )The experts think that Indias population may be than Chinas 2012. A. much; by B. more

10、; in C. larger; by D. larger; on The words population is growing _ and there is _ land and water for growing rice. A. more; less B. larger; fewer C. larger; less D. more; fewer _ the population of China? Its about 1.3 billion. A. Whats B. How many is C. How much is 5. It has a much longer history th

11、an the US. 中国比美国历史长得多。 【解析】much 得多 修饰比较级 类似的词还有even 更. , a lot 很多.得多” a little 比.一点 My classroom is a little bigger than yours. I am good at math, but his English is _ than mine. A. much better B. more better C. very better D. pretty better 6. The US is not even years old. 美国的历史甚至不到_ 年。 【解析】even 甚至

12、(用在比较级前表示程度 In the talent show, I performed well and Ann did even _. A. well B .better C. more D. worse 【解析】 tour n 旅行 tourist n 旅游者7. Feel free to ask me anything on todays Great Wall tour. 针对今天的长城之旅大家可以自由提问我任何问题。 touristy adj. 游客很多的. tour guide 导游 My brother wants to be a _(tourist) guide. The Sto

13、ne Forest is an exciting sight. But it is too_.(tour) Beijing is a _(tourist) city. The Great Wall is very famous in the world . So it is _(tour). travel v 旅行 traveller n 旅游者 travelling adj. 旅行的 travel to 到旅行 travel all over the world. 周游世界 Mr. Brown _ by train for about a week. A. has traveled B. t

14、ravels C. travel D. is traviling 【辨析】tour/ trip/ travel/ journey 词语 用法 travel 一般指长途旅行到国外或远方旅行。travel 还可作动词 tour 旅行周游观光 .一般团队都是tour trip 一般指短距离旅行直达目的地的旅行 journey 有时并不指真正意义的“旅行” 而只是表示走过一段距离。 【记】 观光游玩用tour 长途陆路用journey 短途短期用trip travel 用法最普遍特别用于指“游记 ( ) Jim went on a guided five-day _ of Beijing this s

15、ummer. A. travel B. journey C. trip D. tour 8. How long is the wall? 长城有多长 【解析】how long 多长多久 对长度提问 How long is the table? About 1.2 meters. 对时间提问常用for或since引导的时间状语来回答。 How long does it take you to do your homework in the evening? For two hours. 38. _ have you been in the sports club? Since the first

16、 month I came to the school. A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon _ have you been married? For twenty years A. How far B. how often C. how long D. how soon 38. _ have you been in the sports club? Since the first month I came to the school. A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon 9.

17、Wowthats amazing! 哇 真令人吃惊 【解析】amazing adj. 惊人的令人吃惊的 I was very surprised when the alien went into a souvenir shop. A. excited B. amazing C. relaxing D. amazed 42. It is _ that Mr. Guo sailed across the world by himself _ within about 130 days A. terrified, successful B. scary, successfully C. amazin

18、g, successfully D. convincing, successful 40. Have you ever seen the movie called Los Angles 2011? Yes, but I think its _. I fell asleep when I saw it. A. exciting B. boring C. bored D. excited 10.The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 主要的原因是保卫自己的国家。 【解析】 protect v “保护” We should

19、protect children. Protect sb./ sth from 保护某人/ 某物使其不受 Protect your eyes from the sun. 不要让阳光伤害你的眼睛。 11. As you can see , its quite tall and wide. 正如你所看到的 长城非常高也非常宽广。【解析】as conj.像一样正如 用来引导状语从句 I was surprised as he opened the door. prep. 作为 I get job as a teacher. Mrs. Black doesnt agree to keep a cat

20、_ a pet because she hates cats. A. for B. on C. as D. with 31. Well have dinner at Qianxilong Restaurant, which is famous _ its food. A. of B. to C. for D. as 12. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知没有任何一个人造物有长城这么长。 【解析】as far as I know据我所知 as far as 就.来说至于. , 引导状语从句强

21、调范围或程度常与动词know, see,等连用可放在句首或句中。 【记】as far as I can remember 据我所记得的 as far as I can see 依我所见 The magazine was started by Becky, _ I know. A. as far as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as much as 13. One of the words most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, 登山是世界上最危险的运动之一。 【解析】one of + the adj. 最高级

22、+ 可数名词复数 A good book may be one of your best _(friend). Qujing is one of _ cities in Yunnan , and has attracted many people living and working here. A. the largest B. the large C. larger D. largest What do you think of the film you saw yesterday? Oh! Its one of _ films Ive ever seen. A. interesting

23、B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 14. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. 喜马拉雅山在中国西北部。 【解析】southwestern 西南方向的 15. Of all the mountains , Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. 在所有的山峰中珠穆朗玛峰最高最有名。 【解析】famous = well know adj. 著名的 有名的 (1) b

24、e famous for 因而著名 某人因某种知识、技能或特征而出名 China is famous for the Great Wall and Pandas (2) be famous as 作为.而出名 某人以某种身份而出名 Lu Xun was famous as a writer. ( ) Einstein was famous _ a great scientist. A. for B. as C. like D. because ( ) Suzhou is famous _ a beautiful city in our country. A. to B. for C. as D

25、. of 16.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 比这更严重的困难包括冰冻的天气条件和强烈的暴风雨。 【解析1】include 包括包含 include v 包括 including prep 包括 放在被包括的对象之前 I have many pen pals _(include) Lucy. All the people must take part in the activities, _ the monitors and the teachers. A

26、. include B. including C. included D. to includeMany people will go to the concert, _(include) teachers, students and parents. Ten people _(包含) a baby, were hurt in the crash. 【解析2】freezing adj. 冻冰的结冰的 freeze v Today it is freezing cold. I dont like frozen food. 【解析3】condition 条件状况 out of condition

27、不健康身体不好 in good condition 情况良好完好 17.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 并且越接近顶部呼吸越困难。 【解析】take in 吸入 吞入体内 freezing adj. 冻冰的结冰的 frozen adj. 冻结的被冰覆盖的 take after 外貌相像 take away 拿开 take down 写下记下take in吸收吸纳 take off 起飞脱下take it easy 别紧张 take to 喜欢开始从事 take pictures照相 take care o

28、f 照顾照料 Why have you got so much water here? For the trail walkers. After they finish the tough hike, they need to _ lots of water. A. keep off B. give out C. take in D. put up 18. The first Chinese team did so in 1960 , while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 1960年第一支中国登

29、山队登上了顶峰1975年日本的田部井淳子成为第一个成功登上顶峰的女子。 【解析1】while conj. 然而 (连接并列句 He is a worker while I am a doctor. conj . 当.的时候引导时间状语从句 While I was doing my homework ,my mother came in . 【解析2】succeed v 成功达到 success n 成功 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv成功地 succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事 If at first you dont _(succe

30、ss) . try, try again. ( ) She works very hard ,so she will _ in _ the exam. A. successful; pass B. success ;passing C. succeed; passing D. successful; passing The art museum _(成功) in displaying the new paintings. 19.Why do so many climbers risk their lives? 为什么这么多登山者愿意冒生命危险 【解析】risk ones life to do

31、sth 某人舍命做某事 There is a risk of sth/ doing sth 有做某事的危险 take risks 冒险 It will be a dangerous trip. Are you want to take the _(风险. 20. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 最主要的原因之一是因为人们在面临困难的时候想挑战自我。 【解析1】challenge v/n 挑战 face a challenge 面

32、临挑战 challenge sb. to sth向某人挑战 He challenged me to a race.他向我挑战赛跑。 challenge sb. to do sth 向某人挑战 【解析2】in the face of 面对问题、困难等 They showed courage in the face of danger. 面对危险他们表现出了勇气。 21.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神告诉我们 我们应该从

33、不放弃实现自己的梦想。【解析】achieve v 获得达到 实现 achievement n 完成 成绩 achieve ones dream = ones dream comes true实现某人的梦想 achieve 是 主语一般为“人” come true 否 主语一般是“梦想理想” We want to see young people _(实现他们的梦想)。 _(实现) your dream through great effort is really cool. 22. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than

34、 the forces of nature.它还告诉我们人类有时候比自然的力量更强大。 【解析1】human n 人人类 No human could live like this .没有人能这样生活。 【解析2】force n 力量 the forces of .的力量 The force of human is great. V. 迫使强迫 force sb. to do sth 强迫某人做某事 Nobody can force me to do something. 【解析3】nature 不可数名词 “自然界大自然” natural adj. 自然地 in nature 在自然界中 阅

35、读表达：There is always something that we can never forget. And it can really change our life. Time is important for everyone. It organizes our everyday moments. However, before I received a watch from my father, time never had any importance in my life. It organized my life and made me more responsible

36、. I received this gift on a Sunday. I had to go to the airport at 9:00 am to pick up Uncle Jim and take him to my fathers house. However, I was late because I hung out with my friends. Later on that day, around 11:00 am, I remembered my uncle and went to the airport to meet him, but I was too late.

37、He had left the airport and taken a taxi to my fathers house. I got to my fathers house at 2:00 pm that day. Looking at my fathers face, I felt ashamed (羞愧的) at that moment. My father asked me to sit next to him and he handed me this watch as a gift. Then he said, “Bob, did you have fun with your fr

38、iends today?” “Yes, Father, and Im sorry about not picking up Uncle Jim,” I replied. He then said, “What you did was not very nice and you should be sorry for your actions. I think you should learn something from it, and this watch will be a reminder for you in your future life.” The watch is very i

39、mportant to me, not because of its price, but because of the lesson that I learned from it. Today I still remember my fathers words“Respect time and never be late for anything.” 根据短文内容，完成下列各题。1. 请用“notuntil ”改写文中处划线句子，使其句意不变。_2. 请改写文中处划线部分，使其句意不变。_3. 请将文中处划线句子翻译成汉语。_请根据文章内容回答问题。4. Why did Bob feel a

40、shamed when he arrived at his fathers house?_5. What lesson did Bob learn from his father?_BHundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didnt have modern machines. There was no modern machine, either. Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollut

41、ion, Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It killed our fish and our drinking water. pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollutions is the most serious kind of pollution. Its hard to all the living things in the world. Cars, planes and factories, all poll

42、ute our air every day, sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt(被子) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog. Many countries are making rules to flight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is poured away, they mustnt blow dirty smoke into the air. We

43、need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground .We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car, If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.1.在和处填上恰当的词（每空一词）使句意完整短文通顺_ _2.将处的英文译成汉语： _3Of all the pollutions, which

44、is the biggest one? _4.在文中找出与下列句子意思相近的句子。 Dirty water must be stopped from dumping into the river._5.在短文中找出或写出一句最能表达该短文主题的句了子： _练习：课堂练习：1. The bridge is about _ long.A.five hundred meter B.five hundred meters C.five hundreds meters D.five hundred of meters2. On weekends the Smiths often drive to the

45、 countrysade and _ the fresh air.A.bring in B.take in C.get in D.turn in3.In our class,Jason is the _ .He always makes us laugh.A.funny B.funnier C.funniest D.much funnier4.-Im sorry to hear that Bill failed the exam again. -Dont worry about him.Im sure that he will never give up until he _. A.succe

46、ed B.successful C.succeeded D.succeeds5.On weekends the Smiths often drive to the countryside and _ the fresh air.A.bring in B.take in C.get in D.turn in6.Mike always does his homework as _ as the exams. A,good B.better C.well D.best能力提升：1. The worlds population is growing _ and there is _ land and

47、water for growing rice. A.larger;less B.larger;fewer C.more;less D.more;fewer2. I hope everyone can care about _ the environment and stop _ things.A.protecting;wasting B.protecting;to waste C.protect;wasting D.protect;to waste3. I think Zibo is becoming _. A.more beautiful and more beautiful B.more

48、and more cleaner C.more and more beautiful D.clean and clean4. -What do you think of math,Lily? -I think its _ than English. A.much difficult B.more difficult C.most difficult D.the most difficult5. Chiang Mai(清迈) has been one of _ tourist places for Chinese since the movie Lost in Thailand（泰囧） was

49、shown.A.hot B.hotter C.hottest D.the hottest6.China is larger than _ in Africa. A.the other countries B.any country C.any of the other countries D.any other country综合填空A:根据所给词的适当形式填空：fall over, walk into, take in, succeed, achieve, challenge, weigh, protect, feel free1. Dont quarrel and fight noisil

50、y(打闹) here,or you _.2. I didnt want to chain you down(束缚),_ to use your own ideas.3. Lets _ ourselves in the face of difficulties.4. If there is a fire,you cant stand because you may _ the dirty air.5. We should never give up trying to _ our dreams.6. Reading books while you are walking is bad for e

51、veryone,you may _ others,7. We should _ wild animals and try to stop them dying of bad condition.8. Every mother _ their babies as soon as their baby is born.9. Some people will succeed in their efforts to stop smoking.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空run over, include, prepare, save, take in, ask, achieve, 1.Feel fr

52、ee _ me anything on todays Great Wall tour 2.Even more serious difficulties _ freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 3.We should never give up trying _ our dreams. 4.It is also very hard_ air as you get near the top. 5.They _with excitement and some of them even walked into their friends and

53、fell over.6.Jack and the other panda keepers _ the milk for the baby pandas breakfast. 7.They send people to schools to tell children about the importance of _ these animals综合填空B：1. I want to know the _(重）of the vegetables.2. The boy were running in _(兴奋地)3. Lots of the _(旅行) visit the Great Wall ev

54、ery day.4. His writings _(包括) some poems and novels.5. If you dont give up,you will _(成功) one day.6. The local _(政府) took some measures to protect the environment.综合填空C：在短文的空格内填入适当的词,方框中已给出， 每空格限填一词。Not, .according，.themselves，.should，or ,discussing，beginning Bedtime stories are one of the delights(

55、喜悦) of early childhood. But _(1) to Dr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland, parents _(2) not speed up reading to their children after they entered primary school. She says listening to, reading and _(3) the stories help childrens relaxation.My theory (理论) is that when children can read _(4), most pare

56、nts stop reading to them, Dr. Spreadbury says.That may be at the end of the Year 1, which is far too informal (非正式).Dr. Spreadbury says bedtime reading _(5) only gives children a good _(6) at school, but also brings parents and their children closer. This makes it funnier for them to open up and tal

57、k to parents about things that are worrying them, _(7) things they are reading in their everyday life.阅读表达：Have you ever heard the saying “If you want a friend, be one”? If you want to make friends with others, you should be friendly to them _.Here is how one new teacher made friends with the pupils

58、 in her class on the first day of school. As the bell rang, the teacher smiled at each pupil. Then she said in a quiet voice, “Good morning. How nice it is to have all of you in my class this year. Id like to know each of you. I am sure we will enjoy working together.” Her voice was sweet and her lo

59、ok was friendly, so everyone felt happy.She told the pupils her name and wrote it on the blackboard. Then she told them some of the things she liked to do and she was hoping to do with them during the year. Then she said to the boys and girls, “Now you know my name and the things I like and I want t

60、o know _. ”Could you make friends by doing the same as this teacher did?One way of getting to know girls and boys in your class is to find out more about them. People often make friends with those who have the same hobbies. You play the same games and go on journeys together. It is a good way to make friends.1. 从文中找出 “The teacher smiled at every students when the bell rang.”的同义句。 _2. 根据处的划线句子在下面句子中的每个空白处填入一个适当的词（首字母已给出）。 Everyone felt happy b_ o_ her sweet voice and her friendly look.3. 1）根据上下文在处横线上补充一个短语。 _. 2）根据上下文在处横线上把句子补充完整。 _4. 将处的划线句子翻译成汉语。 _5. 从文中找出一句能概括本文主旨大意的句子。 _