专题02 中考动词短语.docx

1、专题02 中考动词短语&被动语态考点中考动词短语辨析（一）give up放弃give away 捐赠，泄露give out分发 (hand out)（二）put out扑灭put in安装 put away把收起来put up张贴；举起；搭建，建造 put on穿；增加体重；上演戏剧（三）break out爆发break into强行闯入break down出故障（四）get up起床 get on上车get off下车 get away离开，逃离（run away） get ready for为做好准备（五）turn on打开 turn off关闭turn up调高音量 turn down调

2、低音量turn out结果是，证明是 turn around转过身turn into转变成（六）take off脱下衣服；飞机起飞 take away拿走take up占据（时间/空间）（七）stay up熬夜 stay out留在户外，不在家（八）depend on依靠，取决于 live on以为生take on承担，接受（挑战等）carry on(with)继续做try on试穿（九）leave for动身前往 pay for付钱买stand for代表（represent） try out for参加选拔cheer for为欢呼（十）lead to (doing)导致 look forw

3、ard to (doing)期待devote(oneself) to(doing)致力于 pay attention to (doing)注意到（十一）knock off撞倒 show off炫耀let off / set off燃放（烟花）（十二）pick up捡起；开车接某人wake up叫醒某人；醒来make up编造，组成；化妆set up建立dress up打扮 eat up吃光use up用光 cheer up使振作（十三）consist of由组成(be made up of) instead of代替，而不是be full of充满（be filled with） hear o

4、f (about)听说 (hear from收到来信)think of想起（十四）belong to属于（后接宾格）（十五）be strict with sb.（in sth.）对某人/事严厉 be satisfied with对满意be charged with被控告 come up with想出catch up with赶上 deal/do with处理share sth. with sb.与某人分享 get along/on with sb.与相处make friends with sb.与交朋友（十六）look out小心 be tired out筋疲力尽carry out进行，执行

5、find out找出run out用完，耗尽 work out算出；解决（solve）（十七）pass away去世 pass on传递pass by经过（十八）look after照顾（take care of） look through浏览look out小心 look out of从往外看look into调查 look up 查阅look at看 look for 寻找巩固练习：1. He chose to study in a junior school near his home. It _ to be a wise decision.（常州） A. put out B. put

6、on C. turned outD. turned on答案：C2. Honey, come and help me _ the picture of balloons from the magazine. OK, Granny. Im coming. （淮安） A. carry out B. work out C. cut out D. hand out答案：C3.I got first place in the English competition again. Peter! You are _ again.（徐州）A. giving off B. putting off C. taki

7、ng off D. showing off 答案：D4. UNICEF was _ in l946 to improve childrens lives after World War II.（宿迁） A. given up B. put up C. set up D. got up答案：C5. April 15 was a sad day for France. A large fire _at the Cathedral of Notre-Dame.（连云港） A. broke out B. carried out C. gave out D. ran out答案：A6.Tina come

8、s to China in order to experience Chinese culture and _which university is the best for her to attend （南京）Aput outBstay outCfind outDrun out答案：C7. Would you please _ the light? I cant sleep well with it on.（苏州）A. turn on B. turn off C. turn to D. turn around答案：A8.These new types of energy cost very

9、little and will never _.A. look out B. come out C. run out D. stay out答案：C9. Im sorry to on you, but there are one or two things I dont understand.It doesnt matter.A. cut down B. cut out C. cut in D. cut off答案：C10 .-How is our government going to deal with the office building? - It will be _ a libra

10、ry. A. turned off B. turned on C. turned out D. turned into答案：D11.The king didnt take any notice of the noise in the crowd and _ with the parade. A. carry onB. carry outC. carried onD. carried out答案：C12. Little Jenny looks unhappy today. Dont worry. A box of chocolates will her. A. give . up B. wake

11、 . up C. cheer . up D. pick . up答案：C13. I look stupid with this haircut. All my classmates will me. A. laugh at B. agree with C. depend on D. worry about答案：A14.Im sorry to on you, but there are one or two things I dont understand.It doesnt matter.Acut down Bcut out Ccut in Dcut off答案：C15.Simon faile

12、d the exam again. Thats not surprising. Computer games _too much of his time. A. take in B. take on C. take off D. take up答案：D16.We should stop fireworks to reduce pollution.A. getting off B. turning off C. taking off D. setting off答案：D被动语态高频考点一常见时态的被动语态1一般现在时：am/is/aredone如：It is made in China 它是中国

13、制造的。2一般过去时：was/weredone如：The bridge was built in 1980.这座桥建于1980年。3一般将来时：willbedone如：She will be trained by her father.她将受训于她爸爸。4情态动词：情态动词bedone如：Work must be done in two days.工作必须在两天之内完成。5现在完成时：have/hasbeendone如：The room has been cleaned.房间已经被打扫干净了。高频考点二语态用法的难点1某些动词形式是主动语态，但含有被动的意思。如：This dictionary

14、 sells well.这种字典销售得很好。The woolen sweater costs $88.这件羊毛衫卖88美元。That car needs repairing.That car needs to be repaired.那辆车需要修理。The soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来味道很好。2主动语态中有些动词，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态要带上to。如：He made the boy work for him.The boy was made to work for him.这男孩被

15、迫为他工作。3动词短语变成被动短语时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。The baby was looked after by her sister.这婴儿由她姐姐照顾。His plan was laughed at by everyone.大家都嘲笑他的计划。4形容词cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行车是很经济的。This question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。三、被

16、动语态的注意事项1. 只有及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词(词组)如happen，take place，appear，disappear等和连系动词look，feel，sound，smell，get，turn等没有被动语态。 What happened to her?她发生了什么事? You look good.你看起来不错。2. 有些动词常用被动语态。如: He was born in Nanjing.他生于南京。 This mobile phone was made in China.这部手机是中国制造的。3. 有些不及物动词，常用主动语态，和well，easily等副词连用，含有被动意义。

17、如：read，write，draw，sell，wash，cook，clean等。The books sell well.这此书很畅销。 The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。4. 在感官动词see，hear，watch，notice等和使役动词let，make，have等的主动语态句式中，动词不定式的to常省去，但在被动语态中要加to。如: The teacher made him retell the story. He was made to retell the story (by the teacher).老师让他复述这个故事。5. 主动语态中若有双宾语，

18、变为被动语态时，两个宾语都可以改为被动语态的主语；通常情况下是把主动语态中的间接宾语(sb.)改为被动语态的主语；如果把直接宾语(sth.)改为被动语态的主语，间接宾语(sb.)前要加上相应的介词to或for。如: Father gave me a book. =A book was given to me by Father.一I was given a book by Father. 父亲送我一本书。巩固练习：单项选择( )1.As time goes on,my idea _to be true one day. A.will prove B.will be proved C.is pr

19、oved D.is going to be proved【答案】B【解析】考察被动语态的时态。根据时间状语确定是将来时，主语和谓语之间是动宾( )2.You may go fishing if your work_ .A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done【答案】A【解析】考察被动语态的时态。If的主将从现，work和谓语之间动宾。( )3. Its time to do your homework , Jack . Yes , Mum . Ill turn off the TV as soon as the programme_

20、 .A.ends B. end C. will be ended D. will end【答案】A【解析】考察被动语态的时态。As sson as主将从现，end无被动。( )4.When shall we go to watch the basketball match in the sports centre?_tomorrow. A.Until the work will be done B.Until the work is done C.Not until the work will be done D.Not until the work is done【答案】D【解析】考察被动语

21、态的时态。Not until引导的从句用一般现在时，work和do之间动宾。( )5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. Gives【答案】C【解析】考察被动语态的时态。根据时间状语确定将来时。A talk和give之间动宾。( )6.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us【答案】

22、B【解析】考察被动语态的时态。根据时间状语是过去式，考察tell sb sth或者tell sth to sb宾语提前用被动。( )7.Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after【答案】B【解析】考察被动语态的时态。人们和照顾之间动宾。根据句意是情态动词的被动语态。( )8.The school bag _ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put【答案】B

23、【解析】考察被动语态的时态。主语和put之间动宾，根据句意是有情态动词引导。( )9.Great changes_in my hometown and a lot of factories_. A.have been taken place;are being built B.have taken place;have been built C.are taken place;have built D.took place;will be built【答案】 B【解析】take place 无被动，根据句意发生在过去，对现在造成了影响。后半句的工厂和build之间是动宾。( )10.The c

24、akes in the restaurant_,so they_well. A.are tasted better;are sold B.are tasted well;sell C.taste terrible;are sold D.taste nice;sell 【答案】 D【解析】感官动词无被动，畅销表示属性无被动。用括号内所给所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Can food _(keep) properly in a fridge at an unsuitable temperature?【答案】be kept【解析】考察动词的时态和语态。食物和keep之间动宾，有情态动词引导。2.The

25、 room_(use) as our kitchen in the future.【答案】will be used【解析】考察动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语确定将来时，room和use动宾。3.Usually,the thunder_(hear) after the lightening.【答案】is heard【解析】考察动词的时态和语态。根据usually确定一般现在时。雷是被听到。所以是动宾关系。4.In the old days the working people in our country_(look) down on.【答案】were looked【解析】考察动词的时态和语态。

26、根据时间状语确定过去式，人们和look down on之间动宾。5.He watched the result of the test and then_(draw) a conclusion.【答案】drew【解析】考察动词的时态和语态。一般过去时的确定，and前后时态保持一致。6.An e-mail address_(need) when you want to send an e-mail.【答案】will be needed【解析】考察动词的时态和语态。When引导的时间状语从句主将从现，所以确定用将来时，又因为地址和need之间动宾。7.On May 12,2008,Sichun_(

27、hit) by a strong earthquake and it destroyed many buildings.【答案】was hit【解析】考察动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语确定是过去式。而四川是被袭击，所以是动宾关系。8.Bangkok,the capital of Thailand,_(know) as the City of ANgels.【答案】 is known【解析】考察动词的时态和语态。考察动词短语be known as。9.These brightly colored bicycles can be seen everywhere. They_ (lock) by t

28、he user after riding, and then unlocked by the next rider with a mobile phone.【答案】 are locked【解析】they指代前句话中的 bicycles ，跟lock构成动宾，句子是表示一般现在时。10.As soon as he _ (offer) a well-paid job, he called his parents to tell them the good news.【答案】 was offered【解析】as soon as主过从过。He和offer之间动宾，所以是一般过去时的被动语态。11.It is said that a space station _ (build) on the moon.How amazing! But it may take a long time,I guess.【答案】 will be built【解析】根据句意太空站还没有建，所以是将来时。而太空站和build之间是动宾关系。