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类型专题02 谓语动词时态、语态和主谓一致预测练(解析版)-【高频考点解密】2024年高考英语二轮复习高频考点追踪与预测(新高考专用).docx

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    1、专题验收评价专题02 谓语动词时态、语态和主谓一致预测练内容概览A常考题不丢分【命题点01 谓语动词时态 】【命题点02 谓语动词语态】【命题点03 主谓一致】B拓展培优拿高分C挑战真题争满分【命题点01 谓语动词时态】1.(2023年重庆市七校高三三诊试题)And then from there I really (learn) that I could use engineering to help people, ” Walker told ABC News.【答案】learned/learnt【解析】考查时态。句意:从那时起,我真的学会了利用工程学来帮助人们。根据句中could use

    2、可知,主句描述过去的情况,应用一般过去时,动词应用过去式形式learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。2.(四川省成都市名校2023年高三试题)The Ministry of Culture and Tourism (invite) influential artists from Europe, Africa, America, Oceania and Asia for field trips, residency programs and workshops across China over the last decade. 【答案】has invited【解析】考

    3、查动词时态。句意:在过去的十年里,文化和旅游部邀请来自欧洲、非洲、美洲、大洋洲和亚洲的有影响力的艺术家在中国各地进行实地考察、驻留项目和研讨会。over the last decade是现在完成时的提示词,主语是单数,故填has invited。3. (2023年四川省成都市树德中学高三适应性试题)According to a study, recently scientists 1 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 2 (prevent) th

    4、e penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay.【答案】1have identified 2Prevents【详解】1.考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:根据一项研究,最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因,这是一个全新的威胁,进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物:海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知,identify(发现)是句中谓语动词,与主语scientists之间是主动关系,句中有时间状语recently,应使用现在完成时态,又因主语是复数名词,所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上,谓语应用现在完成时主动语态

    5、,复数形式。故填have identified。2 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:根据一项研究,最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因,这是一个全新的威胁,进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物:海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知,prevent(阻止)是定语从句中谓语动词,与关系代词that(即先行词one)之间是主动关系,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时态,又因主语是单数代词,所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上,谓语应用一般现在时主动语态,单数形式。故填prevents。4.【2023届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三下学期二模】Since the pre-Qin period, Chengdu 21 (be) an

    6、 important cultural town in China. 1.考查动词时态。句意:自先秦以来,成都一直是中国重要的文化名城。空格处应填入谓语动词,根据句中时间状语“Since the pre-Qin period”可知,此处应用现在完成时态,主语是Chengdu,谓语用第三人称单数。故填has been。5.【2023届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三下学期二模】 Early humans 26 (need) strategies to avoid fierce animals and foreign invaders. 6.考查动词时态。句意:早期人类需要生存策略来躲避凶猛的动物和外来入

    7、侵者。设空处为谓语,根据空格前的“Early humans”可知,此处应填need的过去式。故填needed。【命题点02 谓语动词语态】1.(湖北省新高考部分学校2023年高三质检试题)After the medal ceremony, the new Olympic champion (invite) to a press conference room to speak to the media.【答案】was invited【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:颁奖仪式结束后,这位新的奥运冠军被邀请到新闻发布厅向媒体发表讲话。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,champion和invit

    8、e为被动关系,结合上下文时态可知,此处为描述故去发生的事情,所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构,主语是单数,be动词应用was。故填was invited。2.(2023年湖南省郴州市九校联盟高三试题)The Imperial Resort (list) in the directory of the worlds cultural heritages in 1994.【答案】was listed【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:1994年被列入世界文化遗产名录。此处为句子的谓语部分,单数主语与动词list“列为”之间存在被动关系,应使用被动语态,根据后文in 1994可知为一般过去时的被动语态,

    9、故填was listed。3.【22023届天一大联考广东省高三年级模拟考试(三)】On Oct.28, 2022, the 100,000th store committed to unconditional return service 19 (establish) in Kunshan, Suzhou.19考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:2022年10月28日,第10万家无条件退货店在苏州昆山成立。分析句子可知,空处应为谓语;根据时间状语“On Oct.28, 2022”,应用一般过去时;主语是“the 100,000th store”,故应用被动语态,且谓语动词为单数形式。故填was

    10、established。4. 【2023届辽宁省沈阳市第二中学高三下学期模拟考试】Videos on sites such as Xiaohongshu show thousands of people traveling to the city to try its local barbecue, which they say 54 (wrap) in a pancake and has a “distinct taste”.54考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:小红书等网站上的视频显示,成千上万的人前往这座城市品尝当地的烧烤,他们说这种烧烤裹在煎饼里,味道“独特”。分析句子可知,空处作whic

    11、h引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语,they say是插入语,先行词是its local barbecue,作从句的主语,从句描述的是通常性的行为,时态宜用一般现在时,wrap和主语之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,且主语是单数,be动词用is。故填is wrapped。【命题点03 主谓一致】1.【2023届湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学高三下学期模拟】The name, literally meaning “eight-section brocade”, generally 35 (refer) to how the eight individual movements charac

    12、terize a silken quality to the movement of the body and its energy. 35考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这个名字,字面意思是“八段锦”,通常是指八个单独的动作如何表征身体运动及其能量的丝质。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作谓语,因句子表达的是一个客观情况,谓语动词使用一般现在时,因主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式,故填refers。2.【2023届安徽省合肥市第六中学高三最后一卷】He explains that, in the early decades of the 2Oth century, the number

    13、 of students of the sanxian 85 ( be)similar to that of those studying other traditional Chinese string instruments such as the pipa or guzheng. 85考查时态和主谓一致。句意:他解释说,在20世纪最初的几十年里,学习三弦的学生数量与学习琵琶或古筝等其他中国传统弦乐器的学生数量相似。根据时间状语in the early decades of the 2Oth century可知,句子应该用一般过去时;再由主语the number可知,谓语动词应该用单数形式

    14、。故填was。(2023秋河南高三开封高中校联考期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A lot of digital publishing products 1 (associate)with Rongbao, the panda mascot of the 31st International University Sports Federation FISUSummer World University Games, 2 (demonstrate) on July 25, 2023. The collection, which 3 (consist)of

    15、five digital products, was created by Chengdu B-ray Media Co. , Ltd , the 4 (office)dealer of the Games. These digital publishing products are legitimate publications 5 (bear)international standard book numbers (ISBNs), 6 content and copyright ownership have been verified by publishing agencies. The

    16、y are recorded on the block chain and grant unique ownership rights to 7 (purchase). What delights people most is 8 the digital publishing products are available on the flagship store of the 31st FISU Summer World University Games on Tmall, Alibabas e-commerce platform, which is popular 9 young cons

    17、umers, and in licensed Games stores in Chengdu. The 31st FISU Summer World University Games was 10 (successful) held in Chengdu, southwest Chinas Sichuan Province from July 28 to August 8.【答案】1associated 2were demonstrated 3consists 4official 5bearing 6whose 7purchasers 8that 9with/among 10successfu

    18、lly【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了成都世界大学生运动会吉祥物蓉宝的揭晓,引发了人们的广泛关注和热烈欢迎,同时官方还发布了该吉祥物的相关介绍和如何购买等信息。1考查形容词。句意:2023年7月25日,第31届国际大学生体育联合会(FISU)夏季世界大学生运动会熊猫吉祥物蓉宝展示了大量与之相关的数字出版产品。be associated with“与有关系”,本句为形容词作后置定语。故填associated。2考查时态语态。句意:2023年7月25日,第31届国际大学生体育联合会(FISU)夏季世界大学生运动会熊猫吉祥物蓉宝展示了大量与之相关的数字出版产品。根据“on July 25

    19、, 2023”可知,为一般过去时,主语与谓语为被动关系。故填were demonstrated。3考查时态。句意:该系列由五款数码产品组成,由本届奥运会的官方经销商成都蓝光传媒有限公司制作。consist of表示“由组成”,此处作定语从句的谓语,且表示客观事实,故用一般现在时,谓语用三单形式。故填consists。4考查形容词。句意:该系列由五款数码产品组成,由本届奥运会的官方经销商成都蓝光传媒有限公司制作。形容词作定语,修饰名词dealer。故填official。5考查非谓语。句意:这些数字出版产品是具有国际标准书号(ISBN)的合法出版物,其内容和版权所有权已由出版机构核实。空处为非谓语

    20、动词,legitimate publications与bear为主动关系,用现在分词。故填bearing。6考查关系代词。句意:这些数字出版产品是具有国际标准书号(ISBN)的合法出版物,其内容和版权所有权已由出版机构核实。空处为定语从句,此处修饰前面的These digital publishing products, 表示所属关系,故用whose。故填whose。7考查名词复数。句意:它们被记录在区块链上,并授予购买者独特的所有权。所给的purchase为动词,此处表示“购买者”,故用复数形式purchasers作宾语。故填purchasers。8考查连接词。句意:最让人高兴的是,这些数字

    21、出版产品在深受年轻消费者欢迎的阿里巴巴电子商务平台天猫上的第31届国际大学生运动会夏季世界大学生运动会旗舰店和成都的授权游戏商店都有售。is后接表语从句,句意和句子结构完整,连接代词为that。故填that。9考查介词。句意:最让人高兴的是,这些数字出版产品在深受年轻消费者欢迎的阿里巴巴电子商务平台天猫上的第31届国际大学生运动会夏季世界大学生运动会旗舰店和成都的授权游戏商店都有售。be popular with/among“受到的欢迎”。故填with/among。10考查副词。句意:第31届国际大学生体育联合会夏季世界大学生运动会于7月28日至8月8日在中国西南部四川省成都市成功举行。修饰动

    22、词held,应用副词successfully,作状语。故填successfully。(2023秋陕西安康高三校考阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In Chinese history, the Yellow River is not just a river; it stands for the origins of culture and civilization. It played 11 important role in the early development of Chinese civilization.The Chinese refer

    23、 to the Yellow River as “the Mother River”. That is 12 the Yellow River was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilizations in the Xia and Shang eras the richest region in early Chinese history.Two million years ago, Peking man used 13 (live) in the Yellow River Basin. Moreover, the Chinese regard y

    24、ellow 14 a color of ancient origins: a symbol of the loess (黄土) land the Yellow River flows through, the emperor, the yellow skin of the Chinese, and the legendary Chinese dragon, from which the Chinese assume 15 (them) to develop.Confucianism and Taoism were not established until the Zhou Dynasty.

    25、Centuries 16 (late),Buddhism (佛教) was successively established there. These three religions spread through the Yellow River area, 17 (keep) a balance between each other. The religious culture in the Yellow River Basin has a much 18 (long) history, however. Actually, a long time ago, the Yellow River

    26、 valley 19 (give) birth to the most basic form of Chinese religion: worship (崇拜) of ancestors to pray for blessings. Ancestor worship strengthened blood 20 (tie), maintained family identity, and promoted the power struggle in the Yellow River civilization.【答案】11an 12because 13to live 14as 15themselv

    27、es 16later 17keeping 18longer 19gave 20ties【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了黄河文明的起源和发展概况。11考查冠词。句意:它在中华文明的早期发展中扮演着重要角色。这里符合短语play a role in,意为“在中起作用、扮演一个角色”,role前可加形容词important表示“起重要作用、扮演重要角色”,此时important以元音音素开头,不定冠词应用an。故填an。12考查表语从句。句意:那是因为黄河是中国古代文明夏朝和商朝的发祥地中国历史早期最富饶的区域。前句指出“黄河是中国的母亲河”,该句中的表述即是对这一说法做出的解释说明,应用bec

    28、ause引导表语从句以表示原因。故填because。13考查不定式。句意:两百万年前,北京人曾居住在黄河流域。结合句中的时间状语,这里要表达过去的动作,应用短语used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”,其后用不定式。故填to live。14考查介词。句意:此外,中国人把黄色看作一种有着古老起源的颜色:它是黄河流经的黄土地的象征、是皇帝、是中国人的黄皮肤、是传说中的龙,中国人正是从这些东西中发展起来的。此处符合短语regardas意为“把看作、当作”。故填as。15考查代词。句意:此外,中国人把黄色看作一种有着古老起源的颜色:它是黄河流经的黄土地的象征、是皇帝、是中国人的黄皮肤、是传

    29、说中的龙,中国人认为自己是龙的后裔。空处所给提示词为them,由句意推知应代指Chinese,该句在阐述黄色在中国人心目中的特殊意义,在列举一系列意象后,空处所在句使用from+which的定语从句,先行词为Chinese dragon旨在表达:中国人认为自己是龙的传人,宾语them与主语含义一致,应用反身代词themselves表示“中国人自己”。故填themselves。16考查副词。句意:几个世纪后,佛教逐渐在那里建立。空处所在部分为时间状语,Centuries表示时间段,应用副词later表示“以后”。故填later。17考查非谓语动词。句意:这三种宗教沿着黄河地区传播,互相之间保持着

    30、平衡。分析句子可知,逗号前句成分完整,keep作状语,与主句主语three religions之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词形式。故填keeping。18考查形容词比较级。句意:不过,黄河流域的宗教文化有着更加长久的历史。前文指出儒释道三种教派在黄河流域的发展,该句有however表转折,结合后文内容推知,应表达“宗教文化(信仰)的历史则更加悠久”,符合形容词的比较级,且空前有用于修饰比较级的much一词。故填longer。19考查时态。句意:其实,很久以前黄河流域就诞生了最基本的中国宗教形式:祭拜祖先以祈求祝福。由时间状语a long time ago可知,句中动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。

    31、故填gave。20考查名词。句意:先祖崇拜加强了血缘关系,维护了家族身份,也推动了黄河文明中的权力斗争。blood tie意为“血缘关系”,tie为可数名词,其前没有表单数的限定词,应用复数形式。故填ties。2023年1.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place _63_ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural _64_ (wonder) standing side b

    32、y side with historical buildings of the past.【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中担当主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。【44题详解】考查名词。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式;根据下文的“historical buildings of the p

    33、ast”可知,空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。2.【2023年全国乙卷】Mom was sure same color would look great on her. 5.考查冠词。句意:妈妈确信同样的颜色在她身上会很好看。same前常加定冠词。故same前加the。3.【2023年新高考全国卷】Since June 2017, right before the _56_ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo

    34、to feel more comfortable and _57_ (confidence) speaking English. .They also need to be ready to give _61_ (interview) in English with international journalists. 【56题详解】考查名词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空前是冠词,空后是介词,所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语,arrive的名词形式是arrival,不可

    35、数名词。故填arrival。【57题详解】考查形容词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空处和前文的comfortable并列,作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。【61题详解】考查名词的数。句意:他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知,空前是动词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,interview意为“采访”为可数名词,不止一段采访,应用复数形式。故填interviews。4.【2023年新高考全国卷】

    36、Not the pandas, even though _39_ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 【39题详解】考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知,此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。5.【2023年新高考全国卷】The meat should be fresh with _43_ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.【4

    37、3题详解】考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点甜味,汤应该是热的,清澈的,美味的。a touch of “一点点;稍许”,常用搭配,touch“轻微;稍许”常用作单数。故填a。6.【2023年全国甲卷】However, Carsons theme is a more weighty _69_ (warn) about environmental destruction. 【69题详解】考查名词。句意:然而,卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知,用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。7.【2023年全国甲卷】In the evenin

    38、g, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me.9.考查冠词。句意:晚上,当我在学校的花园里散步时,昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。表示“散步”短语为take a walk。故the改为a。10.考查主谓一致。句意:晚上,当我在学校的花园里散步时,昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。此处为一般现在时,主语为the singing of insects,谓语用三单形式。故become改为becomes。8.【2023年全国甲卷】The bees, but

    39、terfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps.4.考查名词的数。蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。句意:根据上文The bees可知,此处应用复数形式。故butterfly改为butterflies。5.考查形容词。句意:蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。系动词lovely后跟形容词beautiful,作表语。故beautifully改为beautiful。2022年1.【2022新高考I卷】Covering an area about three times

    40、_ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 答案:the解析:考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为:倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。2【2022全国甲卷】_ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 答案:A解析:考查冠词。句意:他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自

    41、愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知,此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,应用不定冠词,friend以辅音音素开头,应用a,空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填A。3.【2022全国乙卷】To celebrate _ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 答案:the解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:为了庆祝这一节日,周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日,所以用定冠词the。故填the。4.【2022年浙江

    42、 1月】Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of _ time, they agreed.答案:the解析: 考查冠词。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时间,他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内,故填the。5.【2022.6新高考1卷】The GPNPs main goal is to improve co

    43、nnectivity between separate _62_ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and _eventually (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 答案:populations 解析: 考查名词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语,应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。6.【2022全国乙

    44、卷】“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _largest_ (large) tea-producing country, China has a _65_ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 答案: responsibility 解析:考查名词。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责

    45、任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。7.【2022新高考二卷】_37_ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.He saved my _44_ (son) life, said Mrs. Brown.37. 答案:The 解析:考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填

    46、The。40. 答案:sons 解析:考查名词所有格。句意:他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意,life与提示词son之间是所属关系,故应该使用名词所有格。故填sons。8. 【2022.全国乙卷 短文改错】Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.【答案】bicycle bicycles【解析】考查名词。句意:如果用自行车代替汽车,我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词,由句中的cars和句意可知,此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。8. 【2022年天津卷第二次】When pe

    47、ople are depressed, some experience a loss of_ while others cant stop eating.A. appetiteB. powerC. memoryD. sight【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当人们郁闷时,有些人会失去食欲,而有些人却忍不住暴饮暴食。A. appetite食欲;B. power权利;C. memory记忆;D. sight视力。结合后文while others cant stop eating表示对比,可知,前文表意与暴饮暴食相反,即毫无食欲。A项符合句意。故选A项。2021年1.【2021新高考1卷

    48、】While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is10must to visit!【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。分析句子结构可知,must 为名词,表示必须的事,所以前应用冠词,且无特指。故填a。2.【2021新高考1卷 】The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we2(human) are.【答案】humans【解析】考查名词。分析句子结构可知,空处所填词应该作 we 的同位语,故应该填名词的复数形式。故填humans。3.【2021.6

    49、全国甲卷】Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and9(watchtower) to take pictures.【答案】watchtowers【解析】考查名词。根据句子结构, and 前后一致, and前是the different gates,名词的复数形式,所以空格也应该是名词的复数形式。故填watchtowers。4.【2021.6全国乙卷】.9(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and a

    50、ccommodations aimto have a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】Activities【解析】考查可数名词复数。空格所填词作主语,同时谓语动词range为非三单形式,因此应使用名词复数形式。句意:那里有从鲸鱼观赏到远足等活动。故填Activities。5.【2021.6全国甲卷 改错】Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because theyre of the same age and can understand each oth

    51、er. 【答案】friend改为friends【解析】考查名词的单复数。主语为Many students , their friend or classmates 中or前后一致,故前面应该把friend 改为friends。6. 【2021.1 浙江卷】It is calculated by dividing a3(person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 254(consider) healthy.【答案】persons【解析】考查名词所有格。句意:BMI的计算方式

    52、是用人的体重数(以千克为单位)除以身高数(以米为单位)的平方。分析句子结构It is calculated by dividing a (person) weight可知weight和person是从属关系。故答案为persons。7.【2021.6全国甲卷】It took us about 3 hours to go all8way around the Xian City Wall. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。 all the way 为固定搭配,意为 自始自终,一路上 。故填the。8.【2021.6全国乙卷】Due to5growing popularity of enviro

    53、nmentally-related and adventure travel, various typesoftrips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:【答案】the 【解析】考查定冠词。空格处所填词与空后的growing popularity of一起作to的宾语,构成the growing popularity of的固定用法。句意:因为与环境相关的且有冒险性的旅行越来越流行。故填the。9. 【202

    54、1.6 浙江卷】In 1844 they bought itfor 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their3(marry) ceremony in 1842. .9Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 3.【答案】marriage【解析】考查名词。此题考查动词变名词,marrymarriage,这里表示结婚仪式。句意:Charles Dresser

    55、于1842年在这里举行了他们的结婚仪式。【答案】the 【解析】考查定冠词the,the Linclons 林肯一家人。the+姓氏的复数,表示一家人。句意:林肯一家人在1856年把房子扩建为一栋二楼,以满足他们日益增长的家人的需求。11.(2021.6全国乙卷 改错)I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. 【答案】dish改为dishes【解析】考查名词。根据此句中的after meals可知, 此处指多种菜品,应该用名词的复数形式。故把dish改为dishes。12.

    56、【2021.6全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to becomeeducated about the areasboth in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the2(develop) of the local areas.【答案】development【解析】考查名词作

    57、宾语。根据空前冠词the和空后介词of可知,空格应填名词。句意:并且对于当地地区的发展有益。故填development。13【2021年天津卷第一次】Great improvements in public health have been brought about by _ in medical science.AtraditionsBadvancesCpressuresDexamples【答案】B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:医学的进步带来了公共健康的巨大改善。A. traditions传统;B. advances前进,进步;C. pressures压力;D. examples例子。根

    58、据上文“Great improvements in public health have been brought about”可知,公共健康的巨大改善是由医学的进步带来的,advances符合语境。故选B。14. 【2021年天津卷第二次】In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer _.A. systemB. methodC. investmentD. environment【答案】D【解析】考查名词。句意:在实验室里,保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更安全的环境。A. system体系,系

    59、统;B. method方法;C. investment投资;D. environment环境。根据常识可知,保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安全的实验环境(environment)。故选D项。2020年1.【2020新课标I卷】The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山),more so than the familiar near side.【答案】interest【解析】考查名词。句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣

    60、。根据空前的形容词particular可知,空处应填名词,interest是不可数名词,be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。2.【2020新课标I卷 改错】Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. 【答案】将chopstick改为chopsticks【解析】考查名词复数。句意:下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里,然后用筷子快速搅拌。chopstick是可数名词,意为“筷子”,通常以复数形式出现,故将chopstick改为chopsticks。3

    61、.【2020新课标II卷】Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.【答案】celebration【解析】考查名词。句意:中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。4.【2020新课标II卷 改错】Luckily,I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.【答案】将vacations改为vacation【解析】考查不可数名词。句

    62、意:幸运的是,两周后我就要回家过暑假。分析句子,vacation译为“假期”是个不可数名词,后面不可加s表示复数。Summer vacation 译为“暑期”是固定搭配。故将vacations改为vacation。5.【2020新课标III卷】Filled with 64 (curious),the artist packed his bags and left.【答案】curiosity【解析】考查名词。句意:怀着好奇心,艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词,后跟名词curiosity作宾语,表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。6. 【2020江苏卷】The health securit

    63、y systems of many countries are undergoing considerable _.A. reservationB. transformationC. distinctionD. submission【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A. reservation预订;B. transformation改革,变革;C. distinction区别;D. submission提交。根据前文The health security systems可知,此处指“卫生安全系统的变革”。故选B。7.【2020山东卷】Histor

    64、ical 44 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.【答案】accuracy【解析】考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要,但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语,位于形容词historical之后,应使用名词,意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。8.【2020浙江卷】Later,they learned to work with the 62 (season),planting at the right time and,in dry areas, 63(making) (make)use of annual floods to irrig

    65、ate(灌溉)their fields.【答案】seasons【解析】考查名词复数。句意:后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子,提示词的词性为为可数名词,应用复数形式。故填seasons.9.【2020年北京卷】 Now, lots of_7_(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.【答案】 7. countries【解析】考查名词的数。句意:现在,许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子,

    66、以阻止人们使用。lots of修饰可数名词复数,故填countries。2019年1.【2019年全国卷 】 One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me. . All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.

    67、第三处:【解析】考查冠词。名词football为可数名词,前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现,故在football前加a。第四处:【解析】考查连词。句意:突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系,不是转折关系。故将but改为and。第第七处:【解析】考查名词的数。“player(运动员)”为可数名词,所以all(所有的)后需要用player的复数形式。故将player改为players。第八处:【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意:操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼,说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered,say在这里作伴随状语。与主语pla

    68、yers是主动关系,故将say改为saying。2.【2019年全国卷 】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _65_ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _66_ (believe) that populations are increasing. .Of _69_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_ (be

    69、) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 65. have reported【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境,尤其是时间状语in recent years可知,主句用现在完成时态,故填have reported。 66.belief 【解析】考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知,空格处为名词形式,故填belief。 69. the【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指,意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”,故填the。 70. are【解析】考查主谓一致。根据three are declining,此处数词six作主语,

    70、代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”,故用复数谓语,一般现在时,故填are。3.【2019年全国卷】Since I was a kid, Ive considered different job I would like to do.第一处:【解析】考查名词的数。“job(工作;职业)”为可数名词,用different(不同的)修饰时意思为不同种类的工作,应该用名词的复数形式。故将job改为jobs。4.【2019年北京卷】 No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in variou

    71、s _6_(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save powerthe possibilities are endless.考查名词。句意:无论你喜欢做什么,有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的various可知,此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。5.【2019年全国卷III】 When they were free from work,they invited us to local events and let

    72、us know of an interesting _66_(compete)to watch,together with the story behind it.petition【解析】考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。6.【2019年全国卷III】I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.第九处:【解析】考

    73、查名词的用法。many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改为cities。第十处:【解析】考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前,a用在辅音因素前。unique是以辅音音素开头的单词,前用a。故把an改为a。7.【2019年浙江卷6月】 Everybody wears_57_ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. . Other American studie

    74、s showed no _64_(connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are _65_ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools dont have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary

    75、 schools wear uniforms.57.the 【解析】考查冠词。句意:每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词,意思是“相同的”,常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。64. connection/connections【解析】考查名词。句意:其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词,形容词修饰名词,位于名词前,名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词,“联系”的意思,因此,要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。8. 【2018年浙江卷11月】 One study showed that _64_(woman) who dra

    76、nk a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely _65_(have) children with birth defects.64考查名词。此处表示泛指喝大量咖啡的妇女,指某一类人用名词复数。故填women。65考查动词不定式。此处指每天喝大量咖啡的妇女,怀孕时孩子很可能会先天畸形。表示“可能做某事”是be likely to do sth.,用动词不定式,故填to have。9.【2019年江苏卷】Nowadays the _ for travelli

    77、ng is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension26.A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意:当今,旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority优先;优先权;B. potential潜在的,可能的;C. proportion比例,占比;D. pension退休金,抚恤金。故选A。10.【2019天津卷】We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) _on ou

    78、r lives in many ways.A. statementB. impactC. impressionD. judgment【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。 statement“陈述说明”; impact“强烈的影响,冲击力”; impression“印象,感想”; judgement“判断力判断”。故选B。2023年1.【2023年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museum

    79、s, narrow hutong _41_ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully _42_ (build) system of ring roads.【41题详解】考查介词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿,它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史,甚至从它的布局来看,这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples t

    80、o museums”可知,空处和上文保持一致,表示“从到”,用介词to。故填to。2.【2023年全国乙卷】Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair. She studied with all the hair products at the drugstore. 【详解】1.考查代词。句意:上周五,我妈妈决定染头发。此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”,应用代词her。故his改为her。2. 考查介词。句意:她研究了药店里所有的护发产品。study是及物动词,后面直接接宾语,介词with多余。故删除with。3.【2023年新高考全国卷】And who

    81、 do they speak English _38_? 【38题详解】考查介词。句意:他们和谁说英语?分析句子结构可知,根据句意此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配:speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。4.【2023年新高考全国卷】There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed _40_ hand rather than rolled. 【40题详解】考查介词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方式不同更多汤包,更

    82、少的汤,包子皮是用手压的,而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配,根据句意,故填by。5.【2023年新高考全国卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them _41_ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of _42_ (they) contents.【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出

    83、里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。【42题详解】考查代词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。6.【2023年全国甲卷】 She warns of the environmental dangers facing

    84、society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility _48_ saving their environment. 【48题详解】考查介词。句意:她警告社会面临的环境危险,并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对负责。故填for。7.【2023年全国甲卷】In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps. 3.考查代词。句意:在那节课上,我们的生物老师赵老师给我们看了邮票上的昆虫。作

    85、动词show的宾语,应用宾格us。故we改为us。8.【2023年全国甲卷】Now, Ive come to love those of small living things. .8.考查介词。句意:现在,我开始喜欢上那些小生物了。those后可以直接跟small living things作定语,不需要介词。故删除of。2022年1.【2022年新高考1卷】Giant pandas also serve _64_ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the south

    86、western and northwestern parts of China.答案: as 解析:考查介词。句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语:serve as (充当)。故填as。2.【2022全国甲卷】 He flew 4, 700 kilometers _69_ Xian to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xian in five months.答案: from 解析:考查介词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi

    87、an to Kashgar 可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,应用介词from,固定搭配fromto表示“从到”。故填from。3.【2022全国乙卷】May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially _61_ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 答案: by解析:考查介词。句意:2019年11月27日,联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知,此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动,使用固定结构“be+

    88、过去分词+by”。故填by。4.【2022全国乙卷】The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony opening _ _ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth A Special Exhibition of Puer Tea. 答案:its解析:考查代词。句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。5.【2022年北京卷】Helen was wa

    89、lking down the street late _11_ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. 考查介词。句意:深夜,海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”,固定搭配。故in。6.【2022年北京卷】Since people cant always eat out or cook for _17_ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 1.考查反身代词。句意:因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭,所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词for的

    90、宾语,当主语和宾语为同一物时,宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。7. 【2022年天津卷第二次】Im far_ and Ill never get this report done by Friday.A. below surfaceB. beyond controlC. behind scheduleD. above average【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:我远远落后于预定计划,我将无法在星期五之前完成这份报告。A. below surface地表以下;B. beyond control无法控制;C. behind sc

    91、hedule落后于预定计划;D. above average高于平均水平。根据句中“Ill never get this report done by Friday”可知,我无法在星期五之前完成这份报告,由此可知,我远远落后于预定计划,“behind schedule”意为“落后于预定计划”,符合语境。故选C项。2021年1.【2021全国甲卷】It was built originally to protect the city2the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). 【答案】 in【解析】考查介词。在唐朝the

    92、Tang dynasty,是段时间,故填 in。2.【2021新高考1卷】As the song goes, this long and winding road will never disappear, and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in9(I).【答案】mine【解析】考查代词。根据提示词可知,句意为:这首歌必定会留在我的记忆中。句中it指代the song, does指代动词sticks,空格处应指 my memory, 为了避免重复,用名词性物主代词来代替 形容词性物主代词 + 名词。故填m

    93、ine。3.【2021全国乙卷】Ecotourism has3(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. 【答案】its【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。空格所填词与空后的origin一起作has的宾语;同时与空后的origin构成限定关系,因此应填形容词物主代词。句意:生态旅游业起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。故填its。4.【2021全国乙卷】Due tothe growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various type

    94、s6trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 【答案】of【解析】考查介词。根据空格前后为名词并具有所属关系。句意:各种各样的旅行被归类于生态旅行。故填of。5.【2021.1 浙江卷】The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased52.1 in women and men.【答案】by【解析】考查介词。句意:研究发现1985-2017年间,男人和女人BMI的平均数值上升了2.1。increase by+数值表示增长了多少,故答案为by。6.【202

    95、1.6 浙江卷】) In 1844 they bought it2 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser.【答案】for【解析】考查介词。buy sth. for +价格,表示以什么价格购买某物。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格购买了这个房子和一些地。7.【2021.6 浙江卷】She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of6(she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.【答案】herself【解析】考查反身代

    96、词。句意:她非常漂亮,并且她的房子就是她的写照,每件东西都摆放整齐,品味也很好。8.【2021全国甲卷 改错】Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help. 【答案】去掉out【解析】考查固定搭配。turn to sb. For help表示想某人寻求帮助,故turn后面去掉out。9.【2021全国乙卷 改错】In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. 【答案】a lot后加上from【解析】考查介词。根据句子中的benefit及doing可

    97、知,考查benefit from的固定用法,表示 从中收获到 。故在a lot后加上from。5【2021年天津卷第一次】Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, _ just depending on the teacher.Arather thanBregardless ofCdue toDin terms of【答案】A【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:鼓励学生掌控自己的学习,而不是只依赖老师。A. rather than 而不是; B. regardless of 不管,不顾;C. due to 由于; D.

    98、 in terms of 就而言。根据前半句鼓励学生掌握自己的学习,可知,后半句应该是而不是依赖老师。故选A。8. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Nowadays many people travel across China _ high-speed trains.A. on behalf ofB. by means ofC. at cost ofD. in terms of【答案】B【解析】考查固定短语。句意:如今,许多人乘高铁在中国各地旅行。A. on behalf of代表,为了;B. by means of用,依靠,借助于;C. at cost of以为代价;D. in terms of

    99、在方面,依据,按照。分析语境,人们去旅行,用的交通工具是高铁(借助于高铁),仅有B符合语境,故选B。2020年1.【2020年新高考全国 卷(海南卷)】Readers_44_(encourage)to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of_45_(we)Further Resources section featured in each volume.【44题详解】考查语态。句意:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers与encourage之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据

    100、文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。故填are encouraged。【45题详解】考查代词。句意:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词Further Resources section,前用形容词性物主代词。故填our。2.【2020年新课标】The far side of the moon is of particular 64. (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65. the familiar near side. . Data

    101、about the moons composition, such as how 69. ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70. (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.64. 考查名词。句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知,空处应填名词,interest是不可数名词,be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。65. 考查介词。句意

    102、:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知,此处填介词than,表示“比更”。故填than。69. 考查形容词。句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。70. 考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。3.【2020年新课标】 After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove, I waited patiently unless

    103、the oil was hot. . Not that way, my mom tried to stop us but failed. 7.考查介词。句意:之后我把油倒进一个平底锅,然后开火。根据I poured oil into a pan及常识可知,把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子,所以此处应使用短语turn on,故将off改为n。8.考查连词。句意:我耐心等待,直到油烧热。此处是指“直到”油烧热,应使用until/till引导时间状语从句,故将unless改为until/till。10.考查代词。句意:“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我,但是失败了。根据上文可知,是作者一个人做菜,此处指妈妈

    104、尽力阻止“我”,应使用第一人称单数的宾格,故将us改为me。4.【2020年新课标】Oranges: Orange trees are more 64. decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune . Bamboo plants are associated 67. health, abundance and a happy home. 64. 考查短语。句意:桔子树不仅仅是装饰品;more than不仅仅,不只是。故填than。67. 考查短语。句意:竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与相联系。故填

    105、with。5.【2020年新课标】 Im glad to know that youve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. .Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner.【答案】e后加to 7.suchso 8.去掉on 9.yoursyour

    106、 / you【解析】2. 考查固定搭配。句意:我很高兴知道你来中国在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫。分析句子,此处come为不及物动词,后接宾语是需加相应介词。come to 译为“来到”是故定短语。故在come 和China之间加to。7.考查副词。句意:然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它,这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子,此处应表示“以便;所以”。故将such改为so.8.考查介词。句意:我们就可以每天一起练习。介词on后接的是具体时间。every day 译为“每一天”,前不能用有任何介词修饰。故on多余,应去掉。9.考查代词。句意:祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子,best luck of

    107、you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。/句中的yours为名词性物主代词,不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。6.【2020年新课标】The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70. earth, Mother Nature.70. 考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。7.【2020年新课标】But he insists on us eating healthy food. Understan

    108、ding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.第九处:考查代词。句意:但是她坚持让我们吃健康的食物。文中指“我的妈妈”,是女性,所以he改成she。第十处:考查定语从句。句意:出于对妈妈好意的理解,我满怀感激地吃着妈妈提供的所有食物。这里含有一个定语从句,先行词是all the food,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,可用that或which,先行词被all所修饰,只能使用that,不能使用which,且what不能引导定语从句,所以what改成that。8.【2020

    109、年新高考全国 卷(山东卷)】 As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42. (they) living at a different time in history or 43. (walk)through a rainforest. . Museums must compete 45. peoples spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome sch

    110、ool groups and arrange special activities for children.42. 考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。故填themselves。43. 考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分,共同做imagine的宾补,imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。45. 考查

    111、介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for,意为: “为了竞争”。故填for。9. 【2020年天津卷第一次】Modern women are energetic, ambitious, and most of all, persistent _their goal.A. in pursuit ofB. in return forC. in touch withD. in contrast to【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:现代女性充满活力、有抱负,最重要的是坚持追求她们的目标。A. in pursuit of追求;B. i

    112、n return for作为回报;C. in touch with保持联系;D. in contrast to与对比鲜明。根据句意可知,此处用in pursuit of“追求”符合语境,故选A项。10. 【2020年天津卷第一次】Dont be late for the 9:00 meeting because I am _ and have to catch the 11:00 train.A. on a limited budgetB. in high spiritsC. on a tight scheduleD. in deep doubt【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:9点的

    113、会议不要迟到,因为我的时间很紧,必须赶11点的火车。A. on a limited budget预算有限;B.inhigh spirits情绪高涨;C. on a tight schedule日程很紧;D.indeep doubt深度怀疑。根据句意和“have to catchthe11:00 train”可知是日程安排很紧,故选C。11. 【2020年江苏卷】Taking on this challenge will bring you _ someone who shares your interests.A. in exchange forB. in answer toC. in con

    114、tact withD. in memory of【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for作为交换;B. in answer to回答;C. in contact with接触,与有联系;D. in memory of纪念。根据空后someone who shares your interests及常识可知,此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接触”。故选C。12.【2020年北京卷】 Over time, the bags fall apart_6_countless tiny pieces, and fish can a

    115、ccidentally eat some of them. 【答案】 6. into/to 【6题详解】考查介词。句意:随着时间推移,这些袋子分解成成无数的小碎片,鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中一些。固定搭配fall apart into/to.(分崩离析成),介词into/to可表“进入之中/变成”。故填into/to。13.【2020年浙江卷1月】This aging of the population is driven_59_two factors. A child born in the US today has_63_very realistic chance of living beyo

    116、nd 100 and needs to plan accordingly.【59题详解】考查介词。句意:人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由;被”应用介词by。故填by。14.【2020年浙江卷7月】Farming produced more food per person _58_ hunting and gathering,so people were able to raise more children. 【58题详解】考查固定搭配。句意:农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知,此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比,应用比较连词than。more than,意为“比更”故填th

    117、an。20191.【2019年全国卷 】Modem methods _63_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _64_ (perform) consistently over a large area. 63. of/for【解析】考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语,用of 连接,“methods of doing sth.”,意为“的方法”,构成固定结构。

    118、或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。 64. to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后,常用不定式作原因或目的状语,句意:跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用,并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的,故此处用to perform。2.【2019年全国卷 】From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.第九处:【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:从那时开始,我放学后跟同学一起踢足球。且“from now

    119、on(从现在开始)”后边句子应该表示从现在开始所发生动作或存在的情况,不能用一般过去时。此处后面是一般过去时,表示“从那时起”是from then on,故将now改为then。第十处:【解析】考查固定搭配。“踢足球”的英语表达为“play football”,中间不能加冠词或者代词。故将my去掉。3.【2019年全国卷III】 We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _63_ dogs,seven to be exact. 63.of【解析】考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。4.【2019年全国卷III】 I w

    120、ant my cafe have a special theme such as like Tang Dynasty. In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. 第四处:【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。want sb to do sth“ 想要某人做某事”。故在have前加to。第五处:【解析】考查介词的用法。such as和like都是用来举例子,重复了。故把like删除。第六处:【解析】考查代词的用法。customers是句子的主语,故

    121、把 yourselves改为 themselves。5.【2019年全国卷】When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered mg goal or decided to be a doctor. 第五处:【解析】考查介词。“在高中”需要用介词in或者at,故在high school前加in/at。第六处:【解析】考查连词。句意:在高中学化学的时候,我重新考虑了自己的目标并决定变成一名医生。 “重新考虑”与“决定变成一名医生”之间是顺承关系,不是选择关系。故将or改为and。6.【2019年浙江卷6月】But can uniforms he

    122、lp improve school standards? The answer _61_ this question is not clear. 61. to【解析】考查介词。句意:这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to .这是固定搭配,“的答案是”。故填to。7.【2018年浙江卷11月】The Caffeine Catch One cup of coffee _60_ the late afternoon or evening will cause _61_(they) to stay awake almost all night. 60考查介词。表示“在下午晚些时候或晚

    123、上”是in the late afternoon or evening,介词用in,故填in。61考查代词。此处作动词cause的宾语用宾格形式,故填them。8.【2019年江苏卷】Favorable policies are _ to encourage employees professional development.A. in effectB. in commandC. in turnD. in shape27.A【解析】考查介词短语。句意:好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。A. in effect实际上;B. in command指挥;C. in turn轮流,依次

    124、;D. in shape在外形上,处于良好的状态。故选A。9.【2019年北京卷】Nervously _2_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _3_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.答案】2. facing 3. myself【解析】2.考查非谓语动词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知,此处是做句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填facing。3.考查代词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻

    125、声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时,宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。10.【2019年北京卷】 First celebrated _5_ 1970,the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). 【答案】 5. in 【解析】5.考查介词。句意:第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今,这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。11.【2019年天津卷】A study shows the students who are engaged

    126、 in after-school activities are happier than _who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them【答案】B【解析】考查代词。句意:一项研究表明,参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the students是对应关系,可以用the ones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词,不能与the students形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选B。12.【2019年天津卷】_ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.A. According toB. Instead ofC. In addition toD. In spite of【答案】D【解析】考查介词词组。句意:尽管存在所有这些问题,几个运动员还是表现很好。A. according to据(所说); 按(所报道);B. instead of代替,作为的替换;C. in addition to另外,加之,除之外;D. in spite of 尽管,不管。故选D。

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