专题05 字母E词汇 语法精选非谓语动词 中考题型套餐 （原题版）.docx

1、 第五讲 词汇(字母E)、语法精选（非谓语动词）、题型套餐 （首字母+完形填空） 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 (带号为2023年上海中考新增词汇)单词音标词性中文1earthquakekwekn.地震2economyknmin.经济3education7edukenn.教育，培养4effectfektn效果5efforteftn.努力；艰难的尝试；精力6electricity7lektrstin电7elementary7elmentriadj初级的；基本的8enableneblv.使能够，使有能力9encouragenkrdvt.鼓励10engineer7endn(r)n.工程师；技师11enj

2、oyablendbladj使人愉快的；使人欢乐的12entranceentrnsn入口；入场13environmentnvarnmntn.环境14equalikwladj./v平等的;等于15escapeskepn. & v.逃跑；逃脱16Europeanjrpina.&n.欧洲的；欧洲人的17excellentekslnta.极好的；优秀的18exchangekstendv交换；交流19exciteksatvt.使兴奋，使激动20experienceksprinsn.经验；经历21experimentkspermntn.实验22explainksplenvt.解释；说明23expressks

3、presvt.表达；表示24expectkspektvt.预料；盼望25expensivekspensva.昂贵的26extraekstradvadj,另外；非常；额外的27eraserrez(r)n.橡皮擦；黑板擦28electroniclektrnk adj电子的29energeticendetk adj.精力充沛的30expert ekspt n.专家 想一想 写一写根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. Dont leave the lights on- it wastes _. (electric)2. Who got to the cinema the _in our class?

4、 (early)3. Join us, and youll find learning English can be _ and wonderful. (enjoy)4. He is the _ twin of the two. (elderly)5. He got into the car and then started the_. (engineer)6. Jane gets angry _. Shed better get rid of it. (easy)7. University Tours, which are quite popular these days, are very

5、 _ (education) to teenagers.8. The birds large wings _ it to fly very fast. (able)9. He went to bed much _ last night than usual because he had a bad cold. (early)10. Its _ to get there on foot than by car. (easy)11. We need _ to face all the difficulties. (encourage) 12. Quite a few cars wait at th

6、e _ to the famous kindergarten every afternoon. (enter) 13. They began to shout and jump _ when they heard the _ news. (excite) 14. The actor is _ what we are looking for. (exact) 15. Next month our _ friends will pay a visit to Shanghai. (Europe) 语法专题 语法精选： 非谓语动词动词不定式1.作表语；2.信号词：wish, hope, dream,

7、work, task, duty, ambition,etc. etc.1. My wish is to become a teacher.2. The first thing I want to do is to visit my grandfather.作定语 (后置)Ihavenothing_(send)you.We must never miss the chance _( show) love for our parents.1. I have nothing to say about that thing.2. Sorry, I cant go with you; I have a

8、 lot of clothes to wash.3. China is the third country to send its astronauts into the space. 作宾语及宾补1. want/promise/manage/plan/expect decide/choose/refuse/pretend to do sth.2. make/ let/ have sb. do sth. (注：被动带to)3. ask/ tell/ order /enable/allow/encourage sb. to do sth.4. warn sb. not to do sth.5.

9、would like to do5. had better (not)do1. Alice wanted to get another cup of coffee.2. He told me to be here on time.3. Our parents often tell us not to swim alone in the river in summer.4. Paul doesnt have to be made to learn_. He always works hard.5.Youdbetter_(try)thismedicine.作状语不定式常在句子里作目的、原因和结果状

10、语如：in order to; so as toHe ran so fast as to catch the first bus. （目的状语）Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing. （结果状语）Im glad to see you. （原因状语）动词不定式与疑问词连用(1) He doesnt know how to use the machine. (不定式作宾语)(2) How to use the machine is a question. (不定式作主语)(3) The question is when to go there. (不定式作表语) (

11、4). The menu has so many good things! I cant decide which to eat.不定式的特殊句型：1.句型：tooto：太而不能 2.句型：be + adj + enough + to do sth.足以做 3.句型：Its + adj. + for sb to do sth4.句型：Why not +动词原形表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：为什么不? 5. 句型：so as (not) to do: 表示目的6.不定式的否定形式，如:warn sb not to do/never to/in order not to/so as not to等7

12、.比较：used to do/be used to doing8.比较：It takesto do/sb spendsdoingHe is too excited to speak.The child is old enough to go to schooll.Why not take a holiday?Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 1. Theboxistooheavyforme _ it.A. carryingB. carries C. carry D. tocarry2.Weareoftentold _atpeopleintrou

13、ble.A. nottosmile B. tosmileC. nottolaughD. tolaugh3.Yesterday morning I got up early_ be late for the exam. in order to B. in order to not C. so as not to D. so as to 动名词动名词做宾语1.信号词：enjoy, keep, mind, finish, practice/ practise; deny; imagine; risk; consider; admit; forgive, avoid; escape;2. 词组：giv

14、e up/ be good at/do well in/ cant help/ keep on/feel like/ be used to/refer to/pay attention to/ devote oneself to/get used to/look forward to/ succeed in/ be worth3.how about/what about +doing4.prefer doing.to doing/prefer to do.rather than do5.介词后面+doing6.固定搭配：go shopping/go dancing/go swimming1.

15、Mary and I enjoy playing badminton.2.Its a bit cold. Would you mind my closing all the windows?3.Thenewtermiscoming.Theyarebusycleaningtheclassrooms4.Mum,Imhungry.Whatabout_(go)toMcDonalds eating friedchicken?5. Knivesareusedfor_(cut)things.动名词做主语及表语Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动My favorite spor

16、t is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳现在分词感官动词+sb.+doingsee, hear, find, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observeI heard someone knocking at the door. I saw him dancing in the hall yesterday.There we found him watching TV. 即学即练1（2022上海统考中考真题）The young player spends four hours _ volleyball every da

17、y.ApractiseBpractisingCto practiseDpractised2（2022上海统考中考真题）The Internet enables farmers _ fruits and vegetables across the country.AsellBsellingCto sellDsold3（2021上海统考中考真题）Michael and his friends practise _ table tennis after school every day.AplayBplayedCplayingDto play4（2021上海统考中考真题）The manager as

18、ked his secretary _ the report before Friday.AfinishBfinishesCfinishingDto finish5（2020上海统考中考真题）Doctors tell us_our hands before and after every mealAwashBwashedCwashingDto wash6（2020上海统考中考真题）The engineers will keep_the project with the manager of the companyAdiscussBdiscussedCdiscussingDto discuss7

19、（2019上海中考真题）Would you mind care of my pet fish while Im away on holiday?AtakeBtakenCto takeDtaking8（2019上海中考真题）The host told a joke at the party and made the guests a lot.AlaughBlaughingCto laughDlaughed9（2018上海中考真题）Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided_his own restaurant.AopenBopenedCto op

20、enDopening10（2018上海中考真题）Sue practices_the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.AplayBplayedCto playDplaying11（2017上海中考真题）Vivian refuses _ her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes.Ato sendBsendingCsentDsends12（2017上海中考真题）The workers are busy windows to the new build

21、ing these days.AfixBfixedCfixingDto fix13（2016上海中考真题）After she finished _ the story, Alice wrote a review for her school newspaper.AreadBreadsCto readDreading14（2016上海中考真题）I cant tell you what she said. Ive promised _ it a secret.AkeepBto keepCkeepingDkept15（2015上海中考真题）My friend invited me _ the art

22、 club , and I accepted it with pleasure.AjoinBto joinCjoinedDjoining16（2015上海中考真题）Martin was so busy _ the old that he gave up his part-time job.AhelpingBhelpedCto helpDhelp17（2014上海中考真题）Harry has decided_ an online shop after graduating from school.AopenBto openCopenedDopening18（2013上海中考真题）The reti

23、red couple enjoy_photos.They always go out with their camerasAtakeBtookCto takeDtaking19（2013上海中考真题）Even Tonys granddaughter，a five-year-old girl, asked him_ smokingAgive upBgave upCto give upDgiving up20（2014上海中考真题）I wouldnt mind_a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well.AhavingBto

24、haveChaveDhad21（2012上海中考真题）Dont jump to a conclusion! Lets _ the problem first.Ato discussBdiscussCdiscussedDdiscussing22（2012上海中考真题）Stop _ about the traffic. Just think about what we can do to improve it.AcomplainingBto complainCcomplainDcomplained阅读套餐 PASSAGE 1Fill in the blanks with proper words

25、(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)。On Dec 9, three Chinese astronauts who are working aboard the Tiangong Space Station, gave a lecture above Earth and showed millions of students their life there. They also did some fun s_67_ experiments. Lets take a look at some of them.Use it or lose itThe huma

26、n body grows with the pull of Earths gravity (重力). But in space, our bones and muscles dont need to s_68_ our bodys weight. This will cause bone and muscle loss. It is said that astronauts can lose up to 20 percent of their muscles after just a couple of weeks. That is dangerous for astronauts becau

27、se they will be too w_69_ to work.Astronauts have different ways to prevent this. During the lecture, Zhai introduced a special uniform Ye was wearing. Its called a “penguin suit”. It can keep their muscles strong.Wang also showed students how she walked on a treadmill (跑步机) and rode a bicycle. Astr

28、onauts usually e_70_ with these tools every day to keep their body strong.Space water is different During another experiment, Wang made a water film (膜). Then she added more water drops onto the film to make it a water ball. But this can n_71_ happen on Earth. Why?We need to first u_72_ the surface

29、tension (表面张力) of water. Surface tension is like a “skin” of water. The “skin” is there because water molecules (分子) are drawn to each other. One example on the Earth is that some bugs (昆虫) can “walk on water”. Most of the time, gravity is too strong and it breaks the “skin”. But with zero gravity i

30、n space, the “skin” stays much stronger and the water ball will not b_73_.Space water is different in many other ways from that on Earth. For example, water will not flow downward if you try to pour it into a cup. If astronauts cry, the tears will not fall down. They have to wipe them away!PASSAGE 2

31、Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）As the weather warms up and summer approaches, many families around the UK will visit a beach. Its time to admire the scenery, have long walks and play with water. To keep beaches _61_ and tidy, you could also help by taking pa

32、rt in a beach clean. You could carefully pick up waste that _62_ along the coast. Some rubbish gets washed to the beach by the sea, but sadly a lot of it is left by people who use the beach. To do a beach clean, all you need is a strong bag or large bin liner, a pair of gloves to _63_ your hands. As

33、 a family, you can cover a section of the beach together and look out for objects to pick up and put in your bag. You could _64_ things like bottles, drinks cans, food wrappers and plastics. These objects can harm wildlife and creatures around the beach, as well as being a _65_ to people. When plast

34、ics get into the water, the wind and tides can carry them along distances and they begin to break down into tiny pieces and harm the fish, birds and animals in the sea. When you have filled a bagor perhaps a few bagswith rubbish, it is _66_ to take it home with you if you can. This helps to keep the public bins at the beach clear for others to use. At home, sort it into recyclable and non-recyclable waste.61.AwarmBsafeCwetDcool62.AcollectsBdropsCgainsDappears63.AhurtBraiseCshakeDprotect64. Adream ofBcome acrossCcare forDmake up65. AsignBpartnerCdangerDreward66. AconvenientBhonestChopefulDbest