专题06 选择性必修一Unit2知识梳理-2022-2023学年高一英语第二学期期末复习【牛津译林（2020）版】.docx

1、专题06 选择性必修一Unit2知识梳理-2022-2023学年高一英语第二学期期末复习【牛津译林（2020）版】期末复习方向：1.重点词汇词性拓展2.重点单词讲解3.语法讲解重点词汇词性拓展1. v.作曲;组成;撰写;使镇静 n.作曲家,作曲者2. adj. 激动人心的,引人注目的;突然的;戏剧的;夸张的 n. 戏剧;戏剧艺术 adv. 戏剧性地;引人注目地3. vt.&vi.(使)融合;(使)结合,(使)混合;兼做;合并 n.结合;联合;结合体 adj.联合的;总计的4. n. 周围,环境 adj.周围的;附近的 v.包围,围绕,环绕5. n.改编本,改写本;适应 adj.能适应的;有适应

2、能力的 v. 使适应,使适合;改编,改写;适应6. adj.合适的,适宜的,适当的,适用的 v. 适合,使适合;有利于;相配 n.一套衣服;副;套7. n. 录音,视频;录制;记录,记载 n. 记录,记载 v.记录,将录音 n.法官;记录员;录音机;录像机8deserve vt值得，应得 主动： sb deserve +to do 被动：sth deserve doing=sth deserve to be done 9.weepvi&vt哭泣，流泪-wept-wept10.overcome vt受到.的极大影响；克服, 解决；战胜-overcame-overcomebe overcome b

3、y/with .11.sorrow n悲伤，悲痛；伤心事-sorrowful 12.transform vi&vt (使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化-辨析：transplant/translate/transport/transfer13.rural adj乡村的，农村的-urban 城市的14.guarantee vt保证,担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修n保证，担保；保修单-guarantee to do sth 15.invader n武装入侵的军队(或国家)，侵略者-invade 动词-invasion 侵略名词16.defend vt&vi保护，防御；辩白，辩解-defensive-

4、defence-offend/offend/offensive【答案】pose;composer2.dramatic; drama; dramatically bine ; combination combined 4. surroundings ; surrounding; surround 5. adaptation; adaptable ;adapt 6. suitable; suit7. recording; record;recorder1. adj. 遥远的,远处的,久远的;冷淡的;远亲的 n.距离;远处;冷淡,疏远 v. 拉开距离;与疏远 adv.冷淡地;遥远地;模糊地2. n.

5、 呼吸的空气;一次吸入的空气;微量,迹象 v.呼吸;呼气3. adj. 特别的,不寻常的;独特的,与众不同的 adj. 寻常的,惯常的,通常的 adv. 通常,经常地4. adj. 非凡的,奇异的,显著的,引人注目的 n.言论,评论 v.评论,谈及,谈论5. n.预言,预测 adj. 可预见的 v.预言;预报6. v.使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气 n.不景气;沮丧,消沉 adj.抑郁的 n.抑郁症患者7.stare vi盯着看，凝视，注视-stare at sb/sth- glare 怒视8.grab vt&vi吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧-grabbed/plicatedadj复杂的，难懂的-

6、complex 复杂的10.accompany vt陪同，陪伴；伴随，与.同时发生；为.伴奏-company名词 陪伴 11.expectationn希望,盼望；预料,预期；期望,指望-beyond ones expectations 无法预料，意料之外12.enthusiastic adj热情的，热心的-enthusiasm 名词 热情13.vast adj大量的，辽阔的，巨大的14.gifted adj有才华的，有天赋的-talented15.reputation n名誉，名声-fame 名声16.upset adj难过的，失望的 vt使烦恼；搅乱；打翻-upset/upset17.pos

7、sess vt具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制-possession 名词 财产，所有物18.abandon vt中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃-quit 放弃19.desperate adj绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的-be desperate for sth-be desperate to do sth20.uplifting adj令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的-uplift 动词 鼓舞；振奋21.ease n容易，轻易；舒适，安逸-with ease 舒服地 vt&vi (使)宽慰，减轻-relieve 动词 减轻、宽慰22.genius n天赋，天资；天才-gift/talent2

8、3.grand adj宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的，堂皇的【答案】1.distant; distance; distantly 2.breath; breathe3. unusual; usual; usually 4. remarkable; remark 5. prediction; predictable; predict 6. depress; depression; depressive词组集锦1. 一系列;广泛的2. 作为而出名;被称为3. 使(关系密切的人)分离,分开4. 强迫某人做某事5. 依赖,依靠;信任6. 结果是;原来是7. 在沉思中8. 奉送,额外赠送9. 作为额外增添10.

9、 一系列;一批11. 古典音乐12. 由组成(或构成)13. 打算做某事14. 对厌倦15. 出现,露面16. 开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事17. 上演;穿上;增加18. 突然,猛地19. be capable o f 20. send out 21. as well as 22. be in a state of 23.turn up 24. take. back to 25.reflect on 26. be related to 27.a crowd of 28. break into 29. be determined to do sth 30. a variety of 3

10、1. with ease 32. be regarded as 【答案】1. a range of 2. be known as 3. tear apart 4. force sb. to do sth. 5. rely on 6.turn out 7.be deep in thought8. throw in 9. for good measure 10.a series of 11.classical music 12.consist of 13.intend to do sth 14.get tired of 15. show up 16.get down to(doing) sth.

11、17. put on 18. all of a sudden 19.能够;可以 20.发送;放出;派遣 21.除之外;也 22.处于一种的状态中 23.出现;将(音量)调大 24.将带回到 25.认真思考;沉思 26.与有关;向讲述 27.一群 28.强行闯入;突然开始 29.决定做某事 30.各种各样的 31.轻松地,不费力地 32.被视为 重点单词讲解1. composer (n.)作曲家/者 compose (v.)作曲;组成;撰写;使镇静 composition (n.)作品/文;成分be composed of=consist of= be made up of由.组成consist

12、 in/lie in在于.An animal is made up of / consists of / is composed of thousands of cells. The film _made_ up of/ _composed_ of/ _consisting_ of three stories amused the audience greatly. Her great strength consists in/lies in her _flexibility_. 她的强项在于她的灵活变通。2. deserve (vt.) 应得; 值得deserve attention/con

13、sideration/an _explanation_(explain)deserve to do sth.值得做；应该Having made good preparations, he deserves to win the game. deserve doing/to be done/ sth. (表被动）类似用法need/require/want The flower needs watering.He deserved _punishing_/_to be punished_ (punish). =He deserved punishment.3. tear (v.) ( -tore-

14、torn ) 撕,扯 tear apart拆散,使心碎tear down扯下, 拆除（建筑物）tear up撕碎,撕毁tear up the filetear sth. into pieces撕碎tear sth. in half / into halves/ into two撕成两半be torn between A and B左右为难=be in a dilemma(n.)眼泪 be moved to tears感动流泪 in tears流着眼泪 burst into tears突然大哭=burst out crying burst into laughter/burst out laug

15、hing4. pleasant(adj.)令人愉快的；友好和善的 pleased感到满意的 please (v.)取悦Peoplearevery_pleasantly_(pleasant)surprisedbybirthday cardsbecauseitisso sweetofsomeoneto have remembered.Im _pleased_ (please) with the new _surroundings_ (surround).This _composer_ (compose) is brilliant but difficult/easy/pleasant _to pl

16、ease_ (please).5. whisper（v./n.）耳语；沙沙响Hehad tosay it in a whisper to avoid_being overheard_ (overhear偷听)by nosy多管闲事的neighbours.6. dramatic (adj.)激动人心的，引人注目的；突然；戏剧的；夸张的（adv.）dramatically (n.) drama戏剧；戏剧性事件 make a drama out of sth. 小题大做Asshebegan to deliver/give/addressherspeech,adramatictransformatio

17、n_occurred_ (occur).突然的转变At speedsabove50mph,serious injuriesincrease _dramatically_ (dramatic).He seemed unaware of the drama _being put_ (put) on at the moment.7. weep(-wept-wept) (v.)哭泣；流泪Zhu weeps _bitterly_(bitter) over the _loss_(lose) of her love.Upon/on /The minute/ The instant seeing 一.就.Up

18、on seeing the scene, she _wept_(weep) bitter tear of disappointment.8. overcome（-overcame-overcome）(vt.) 受到极大影响；克服，解决；战胜overcome / get rid of the _addiction_ (addict) to smoking克服烟瘾_ Overcome_ (overcome) with sorrow， she jumps into his grave.9. sorrow (n.)悲伤 share joys and sorrows in life express so

19、rrow at the news sorrowful adj._Abandoning_ (abandon) himself to sorrow, the boy couldnt help _crying_ (cry).10. transform（v.）变形;改观;转化transform.into/to. (n.) transformationThe magician _transformed the frog into_ a prince.魔术师把青蛙变成王子。transfer使转移,搬迁 How can I transfer money from my bank account to his

20、?The patient was transferred to another hospital. 转院transmit传送;发射;播送 The base picked up the signals transmitted_ (transmit) from a satellite.translate-translation 翻译transplant移植transport/ transportation运输The book is said _to have been translated_ (translate) into several languages.11. combine(v.)融合；

21、结合；合并 combine with/ and (n.) _combination_combines comfort with convenience combine business with pleasure劳逸结合12. rely on =count on =depend on依赖；依靠；信赖rely on sb. to do These days we rely heavily on computers _to get_ (get) our work_organized_ (organize). You can rely on _it(形式宾语）_that I will keep yo

22、ur secret.reliable(adj.)可靠的reliably(adv.)unreliable不可靠的13. tune (n.)曲调,曲子 The tune of/to this song is easy _to remember_ (remember). in tune音调准确out of tune走调 dance to the tune随着曲子跳舞Keep in tune with times跟上时代潮流;与.和谐/协调(vt.)调音;调频道;调整 tune into sth.收听/看(电视节目等)His speech was tuned to _what_ the audienc

23、e wanted to hear.专讲听众爱听的.14. for good measure额外take effective measures采取有效措施The songs are about hopewith plenty of humor _thrown_ (throw) in for good measure.额外赠送The amount of heat is measured in calories. 以卡路里衡量The pond _measuring_ (measure) 2 meters across belongs to him.尺寸达到A tree treasuring 2 me

24、ters in height stands by the building.15. surroundings (n.)周围的事物,环境(earnings收入/savings存款/property 财产/ findings发现)surrounding(adj.) in the surrounding area surround (v.) be surrounded with/by The building _towers the surroundings_.远高于周边环境She was sitting on the floor _surrounded_ (surround) by books.1

25、6. guarantee(vt./ n.) 保证,担保;保修保证The air-conditioner is under guarantee. 在质保中have a two-year guarantee有两年保质期guarantee sb. sth.=guarantee sth. to sb./guarantee to do sth. /give sb a guarantee thatWho can _guarantee the safety of children to her parents_(向她的父母保证孩子的安全)?17. adaptation(n.) 改编本；适应adapt(v.)

26、(使)适应adapt (oneself) to (doing) sth.She succeeded in _adapting_ (adapt) (herself) quickly to the new climate. 改写, 改编 The novel was adapted _into/for_ the film. = The film is adapted _from_ the novelan adopted child. adopt a child adopt my suggestionadaptable(adj.) 能适应的,可改编的 (adopt v. adoption n. 收养；

27、采纳adjust 适应；调整)18.defend(vt.) 1) 辩解defend oneself 2) 防护defend against/ fromHe hired a lawyer to defend him against the charges. defence /defense (n.) in defence of为了保护 speak in defence of his child19. flow-flowed-flowed (vi./ n.)流动；充满；涨起Harmful/Poisonous _chemicals_ (chemical)have flowed into the ri

28、ver in large quantities.20. greet (vt.) 问候,欢迎,招呼greet sb. with sth.greeting (n.)The changes were greeted with doubt.改革受到了怀疑。Peopleoftengreeteachother, particularlywomen,_with_lightcheekkisses.After exchanging appropriate greetings, they got down to business.干正事21. get down to doing= set about _doing

29、_=set out _to do_ 开始着手做某事A group of artists got down to _choosing_ (choose) suitable music.22. suitable(adj.)适当的；适宜的be suitable/ suited for sth./ to do sth.-unsuitable He is the suitable person for the job. He is qualified for the job. The field is suitable for planting rice/ to plant rice.23.distan

30、t (adj.) 遥远的；冷淡的a distant frienddistance (n.) There has been (a) great distance between the two close friends since their quarrel. at a distance隔一段距离 keep sb. at a distance保持距离,疏远 in the distance在远处24. stare (v.) stare at sb.盯着 (n.)look at sb. with a cold stare 冷冷地盯着某人I turned up the volume and stoo

31、d staring at the radio, holding my breath and waiting for the first notes of the song. 25. breath (n.)呼吸;微量,迹象 hold / lose ones breath; out of breath ; take a deep breathHer treatment of the subject was a breath of fresh air.她对这话题的处理令人耳目一新。breathe (v.) breathe in/out breathe life into注入活力If _breathe

32、d_ (breathe) in, they can result in illness or even death. 26.grab (v.) (grabbing, grabbed)吸引;抓住;抓紧 grab the attentionThey immediately grabbed the attention of young people and soon the youth of the country were being swept along on waves of joyous rock and roll music and the hope for a better futur

33、e.He_grabbed_(grab) hold ofme and wouldnt let go.他抓住我不松手。27. sweep(v./ n.) (-swept-swept) 席卷；打扫；吹走；清除He rushed to greet her, _sweeping_ (sweep) his arms wide.舞动双臂28. complicated (adj.)复杂的，难懂的（more/most complicated） 近义词complexThebiologyofthesediseasesis terribly complicated.29. accompany(vt.)陪伴;伴随;伴奏

34、 accompany sb.= keep sb. company= keep company with sb. company(un.) 陪伴 enjoy/appreciate ones company companion (cn.)伴侣 a life companion A man is known by the _company_ (accompany) he keeps.观其友知其人They went shopping in company with/ in the company of him.在。陪同下30. expectation(n.)预料,预期；期望adaptation hav

35、e great/ high/ low expectations beyond all expectations出乎意料=unexpectedly live up to ones expectations不辜负期望Contrary to my expectation, he didnt object to(反对）my plan. 与我预料相反, 他未反对我的计划。expect(v.)expect (sb.) to do;be expected to do; expect sth. from sb; expect there to bean unexpected guest.不速之客We expe

36、ct hard work _from_ you. = You _are expected_(expect) to work hard.He turned up as(he was)/ earlier than _expected_ (expect). The plane took off as (it was) planned.I looked back, half _expecting_(expect) to see someone following me. 31.remarkable (adj.)非凡的，显著的，引人注目的 remarkably (adv.)She was a _trul

37、y_ (true) remarkable woman.remark (v./ n.) 谈论remark on sth./sb. comment on sb. make a remark(comment)32. stream(v.)鱼贯而行；流动(n.)小溪；（人、车）流stream into a theatre Tears streamed down his face.33. enthusiastic(adj.)热情的；热心的be enthusiastic/ wild about热衷于enthusiasm (n.)enthusiastically (adv.) break into enthu

38、siastic cheersThe actor inspired the kids with _enthusiasm_ (enthusiastic). 34. gifted(adj.)有才华,天赋的be gifted/talented in/at = have a gift/talent for 35. reputation(n.)名誉，名声live up to ones reputation名副其实By the time he was a teenager, he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful musician.enjoy/

39、earn a reputation _as_ a gifted musician/ for being generous36. prediction(n.)预言,预测predict(v.)predictable, unpredictable (adj.)start making _predictions_ (predict) about his extraordinary(非凡) futureWhat happened next is impossible _to predict_ (predict).It _is predicted_ (predict) that the price wou

40、ld continue to fall.Heis _unpredictable_ (predict),weepingone moment andlaughingthe next.37. depress(vt.)使抑郁,沮丧,萧条,不景气 depression (n.) depressing, depressed (adj.)Womenwhoeatplenty offreshvegetablesare farlesslikelytosuffer anxietyor_depression_ (depress).38.upset (-upset-upset)(adj./ vt.)难过;烦恼;使生气b

41、e upset aboutHis failure to do the job upset his father. 39.possess (vt.) 拥有;具有 He decided to give away everything he possessed. He was charged with _possessing_ (possess) a gun without a license.他被控无照持枪。possession (n.)拥有,占有sb. take/gain/ get possession of sth.= possess sb. be in possession of sth.

42、sth. be in the possession of sb He is in charge of the company.=The company is in the charge of the person.The rare stamp is _in_ _the_ _possession_ of an unknown collector. = An unknown collector is _in_ _possession_ of the rare stamp. (C)所有物,财产 After the fire broke out, all his possessions _were d

43、estroyed_ (destroy).40.abandon(vt.)放弃,抛弃,舍弃 abandon hope/ones family / the planabandon oneself to deep sorrow悲伤/despair绝望 /the Internet陷入,沉湎于（某种感情）If you abandon your dreams, you wont achieve success.若放弃梦想就不会成功。abandoned(adj.)被抛弃的,被遗弃的-同义词deserted an_abandoned_baby 41.desperate(adj.) 1)绝望的2) 不惜冒险的a

44、desperate criminal 亡命之徒They made a desperate effort/attempt to rescue营救 the child. come to ones rescue3)极需要的be desperate for/to do(eager/anxious)Having suffered_ (suffer) from the war for too long, Syrians were desperate for peace. 4)极严重的in desperate need of face a desperate shortage of waterdespera

45、tely（adv.）绝望地,不顾一切地；非常,极其 He is desperately busy lately. He tried desperately to convey传达 how urgent the situation was.desperation（n.） in desperation拼命地；绝望中42. ease(v.)宽慰；缓解 ease/relieve the sufferings of the dying/ the considerable pressure(n.)容易；舒适live a life of ease feel at ease感到自在do sth. with e

46、ase= do sth.easily43. genius (n.) 天赋；天才 show his genius as a composerHe has a genius/gift for making people feel at ease.Einsteinwas ascientistwhodisliked_being called_(call) agenius.语法讲解动词-ing形式作主语和宾语1. 构成与特点（主宾不过分：分词不作主语或宾语）动名词与现在分词同形，均由动词原形+ing构成。动名词具有名词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。同时，动名词仍保留着动词的一些特征，可以带

47、宾语和状语，并有完成式和被动语态。动名词的的各种时态、语态变化如下:形 式及物动词 不及物动词主动被动主动一般式doingbeing donedoing完成式having donehaving been donehaving doneu 时态动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常要用完成式，否则都用一般式。如：We are interested in playing chess.He was praised for having finished the work ahead of time.Im sorry for not having kept my promise.u 语态若动

48、名词的逻辑主语是动名词所表示的动作的对象（即构成动宾关系），动名词用被动语态。如：We must do something to prevent water from being polluted.I remember having been told a story.He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher.2. 用法A. 作主语如：例1 Talking is no good. 空谈是没有用的。 例2 Working for him is fun. 为他工作很有意思。 例3 Sitting there was pleasant. 坐在那里很愉

49、快.注意 由以上例句可知，动名词作主语时，一般表示一般性、习惯性的动作。作主语的动名词有时态和语态的变化，且谓语动词常用单数。动名词（短语）作主语时，也可用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语（即动名词）放在后面，有以下结构：(1)It is no use (no good, fun, a new experience, a great honour, etc) + doing sth. 因此，上述例2就可以改为：Its fun working for him.(2)It is good (nice, useless, interesting, pleasant, tiring, etc) + do

50、ing或to do sth. 如：因此，上述例句3就可以改为：It was pleasant sitting there.又如：It is useless speaking. 光说没有用。 (3)It isworthwhile doing sth. 如：Its worthwhile doing the work.这项工作值得做。(4)There isno waydoing sth.no sense/point/good innothing worse than 动名词作主语时，如果要突出动作的执行者，要在动名词前加上所表动作的逻辑主语，这个逻辑主语通常为名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。如： Th

51、eir coming to help was a great encouragement to us. Mikes returning back to work is a great help to us.B. 作宾语如：I enjoy listening to music.He often practices playing the piano in the evening.He is fond of playing basketball.He has given up smoking.Would you mind turning down your radio a little, plea

52、se?只能接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有：考虑建议盼原谅（consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon）承认推迟没得想（admit, delay/put off, fancy） 避免错过继续练（avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practise）否认完成就欣赏（deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate）禁止想象才冒险（forbid, imagine, risk）不禁介意准逃亡（cant help, mind, allow/permit, escape）难以忍受始反对（cant stand,

53、 set about, object to）想要成功坚持忙（feel like, succeed in, stick to/insist on, be busy） 习惯放弃有困难（be used/accustomed to, give up, have difficulty/trouble/problems ）导致专心防道款（lead to, devote to, prevent/stop/keep sb/sth from, apologize for）be surprised at 对感到惊讶 be proud of 以为骄傲 be afraid of 害怕 后接动名词、不定式均可，且意义相

54、同的动词或短语有：like, love, dislike, hate, begin/start, continue, prefer, cant bear/endure（无法忍受）, cease（停止）, etc.某些及物动词后，可加动名词（doing）也可用动词不定式（to do）作宾语，但意义不同。如： A. remember doingremember to doB. forget doing forget to doC. regret doing 后悔做过某事 regret to do 遗憾去做某事D. mean doing 意味着 mean to do 打算做某事（=plan to d

55、o）E. try doing 尝试着做某事 try to do 尽力做某事F. stop doing 停止正在做的事 stop to do 停下来做别的事（to do表目的）G. go on doing 继续做原来做的事 go on to do 接着做别的事H. want/need/require doing 表示被动含义=want/need/require to be donebe worth doing 主动形式表示被动含义I. be/get used to dong 习惯于做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事（现在不做了） be used to do 被用来做某事（被动语态）J.

56、 cant help doing =cant help but do 情不自禁做某事 cant help (to) do 不能帮助做某事K. like/hate +doing 喜欢/讨厌某种行为（经常性） like/hate +to do 喜欢/讨厌去做某事（特定的某一次） *dislike后只跟doingL. be considered to have done 被认为已经做了某事consider doing 考虑做某事consider (think, find) (to be) 认为是 动名词前可以有自己的逻辑主语以构成复合结构，其形式有：(1)形容词性物主代词(2)名词所有格(3)人称代

57、词宾格(4)名词+动名词 如：He left the city without our knowing it. Do you mind my/me opening the window? I knew nothing about the window being open.【基础过关】1Of course, _ (enjoy) a nice meal with friends, whatever we eat, can also impact our spirits. Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing

58、happiness.【答案】enjoying2. _ (communicate) with emoji was a way more difficult than I expected.【答案】Communicating 3. _ to the sun for too long contributes to the harm to the skin. A .Being exposed B.Exposed C.Having exposed D.To exposed【答案】A4. Henry doesnt seem like the same person. so much in the war

59、has made him more thoughtful. A. For him to seeB. His seeing C. Having seenD. To be seeing【答案】B5. Michael never dreamt of _ for him to be sent abroad very soon. A. being a chance B. theres a chance C. there to be a chance D. there being a chance【答案】D6.Have you decided to put off _to Shanghai?A. to go B. to leave C. going D. leaving【答案】C7.Now it is clear to me that he is honest and I do regret _he was a cheat.A. to say B. say C. that D. having said【答案】D8. _ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not【答案】A