专题15 重点语法过关：宾语从句（期末真题 名校模拟）-2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（外研版）.docx

1、专题15 重点语法过关：宾语从句期末真题+名校模拟用法详解：宾语从句是在主从复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。如Rose said she would visit us sometime next week. 露丝说她下星期某时会来看我们。 主句 从句 (宾语从句)Could you tell me where he is from? 你能告诉我他来自哪里吗？ 主句 从句 (宾语从句)考点1：引导词的选用(1). 陈述句的引导词用that，常可省略。I am going to meet my net friends in Guangzhou. He said. He said that he was

2、 going to meet his net friends in Guangzhou. 他说他将要在广州见他的网友。(2). 一般疑问句的引导词用if/ whether(是否)。（后有or、or not 时只用whether）Would you like to play basketball with me? He asked me.He asked me if/whether I liked to play basketball with him. 他问我是否会和他去打篮球。Is it a fast train or a slowly one? I wanted to know.I wan

3、ted to know whether it was a fast train or a slowly one.我想知道这是快车还是慢车。(3). 特殊疑问句的引导词用特殊疑问词。How old are you? They want to know.They want to know how old you are.他们想知道你多大年纪了。What are you going to do this afternoon? He asked me. He asked me what I was going to do this afternoon.他问我今天下午要做什么。考点2：语序 (宾语从句中

4、从句要用陈述句语序，即从句中的第1动词在主语之后）He asked Jane: “Why dont you come”? 疑问语序(第1动词dont 在主语you之前)He asked Jane why she didnt come last night. 他问简恩为什么昨晚她不来。 陈述语序(第1动词didnt 在主语you之后)Lucy wanted to know if I could make a cake for you.露丝想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。特殊：.Whats wrong with 在宾语从句中不变语序。如： I want to know whats wrong with

5、 you.我想知道你怎么啦。. 引导词在从句中做主语时，语序不变。如： Jack asked me who would give us the lecture this afternoon.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。(who 是引导词，在宾语从句中作动词would give的主语，本身己是陈述语序，不需再变。)考点3：时态口诀：主现从实，主过从过，真理除外(1). 主句是现在时(一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。“John speaks highly of you.” Tom tells me.Tom tells me that John

6、speaks highly of me. 汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。(主句用tells, 是一般现在时，从句原时态是speaks,在这里还是用speaks)(2). 主句是过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时)，从句只用过去某种相应时态。“When shall we have the meeting?” The boy asked.The boy asked when they should have the meeting. 男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。(主句用asked，是一般过去时，从句用相应的某种过去时，这里shallshould)(3). 从句表示客观真理或事实时，主句即使用过去时，从句仍

7、然用一般现在时。“The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher told the students.The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun. 老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳走。(主句用told, 为一般过去时，但从句中the earth goes around the sun是客观事实，所以时态还用一般现在时，不用变)Jim asked me whether the light travels faster than the sound.考点4.宾语从句的注意问题（1

8、）宾语从句与简单句的转换：当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，从句可以简化为“疑问词+不定式” 结构。如：I dont know what I should do next. =I dont know what to do next. 我不知道接下来要做什么。（2）宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句谓语动词think，suppose，believe等后接宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称，变否定句时应否定主句。如：I dont think you are right. 我认为你不对。一、单项选择1（2022春河北邯郸八年级统考期末）What did the shopkeeper say to you?

9、She asked me _. She may be afraid that I dont have enough money.Ahow much the skirt isBwhere I saw the styleChow I would pay for the dressDwhat else I will buy2（2022春河北保定八年级统考期末）Albert Einstein is a great scientist. Do you know _?In 1879.Awhere he was fromBhow old he wasChow he learned foreign langu

10、agesDwhen he was born3（2021春河北石家庄八年级石家庄市第四十二中学校考期末）Tom, do you know if Frank _ to the theater with us this Sunday if it _?Sorry, I have no idea.Awill go; is fineBgoes; is fineCwill go; will be fineDgoes; will be fine4（2023春上海八年级期末）Could you please tell me _?Awhen will Shanghai Disney open to publicB

11、did many people lose their homes in the strong earthquakeCwhere Judd-Trump win his first Snooker ChampionshipDwhether China may send the first woman astronaut to space next year5（2022秋山东青岛八年级统考期末）Nobody knows if he _ tomorrow. If he _ here, Ill call you at once.Awill come; will arriveBcomes; arriveC

12、comes; arrivesDwill come; arrives6（2022秋福建三明八年级统考期末）Im not sure Judy can come here on time or not.I think she can. Because I saw her on the way here when I was on a bus.AwhetherBifChow7（2022秋福建八年级统考期末）Would you like to come to my party on Saturday, Dan?Well, Im not sure _ I can come, but Ill try.Aif

13、BwhenChow8（2022秋吉林松原八年级统考期末）Are you sure _ Mr. Li will come to your birthday party?AthatBifCwhenDhow9（2022秋吉林长春八年级统考期末）To show _ we are going to miss her, lets have a surprise party for her next week.Ahow manyBhow muchChow soonDhow long10（2021秋山东济南八年级统考期末）Excuse me, Mr. Black. I wonder _. Listen car

14、efully in class and practice as often as possible.Ahow I can learn English wellBwho teaches you at schoolCwhere I can find an English bookDwhen you go to work11（2022秋重庆沙坪坝八年级重庆南开中学校考期末）Can you predict _ if the story in The Three Body Problem( 三体）comes true?Awhat is our world likeBwhat our world will

15、 be likeChow will our world beDhow our world is12（2022秋全国八年级期末）Im _ sure _ computers can work in our heads well.A/; whetherBnot; thatCnot; ifDquite; whether13（2022秋湖北武汉八年级统考期末）Could you tell me _?Certainly.Awhat happened to himBwhere is the movie theatreCwhich animals does he like bestDwhen will his

16、 birthday party start14（2022春辽宁大连八年级统考期末） Do you know _? By a small lake.Awhere did they campBwhere they campedCwhen they will have their picnicDwhen will they have their picnic15（2021春河北石家庄八年级石家庄市第四十二中学校考期末）What did your mother say to you just now?She asked me _.Ahow could I work it outBwhen did I

17、go to the moviesCwhy I am late for the partyDif I was ready for the speech16（2022秋山东青岛八年级统考期末）I wonder _ 2000 years ago.Awhat life was likeBwhat life will be likeCwhat was life likeDwhat will life be like17（2022秋河北唐山八年级统考期末）Do you know _ the discussion?Next Monday.Awhen they hadBwhen did they haveCw

18、hen will they haveDwhen they will have18（2022秋吉林四平八年级统考期末）If you _ Jack, please ask him if he _ to work in the factory tomorrow.Asee; will goBwill see; goesCsee; goes19（2022秋湖北武汉八年级统考期末）What did Jane say to you just now, Leo? She wanted to know _.AIf I could help her with her mathBwhen will we have

19、the art festivalChow our high school will be likeDwhat did I do last weekend20（2022春湖北武汉八年级统考期末）Can I help you? Please tell me _.Ahow much does the food costBhow much the food costCwhats the price of the foodDwhat the price of the food is21（2022春湖北武汉八年级统考期末）The students are excited about _ for the c

20、oming trip. Its natural for them to talk with excitement.Awhat will they doBwhere they wentChow will they go thereDwho will go with them22（2022春吉林长春八年级吉林省第二实验学校校考期末）Youve made great progress in English. Could you tell me _?By doing lots of exercises after class.Ahow did you learn itBhow do you learn

21、 itChow you learn itDhow you will learn it23（2022春天津西青八年级统考期末）Our teacher told us the earth _ around the sun.AwentBgoesCgoingDto go24（2021春天津和平八年级统考期末）Michele asked why the sun _ in the east.AroseBrisesCwill riseDis rising25（2021春山东烟台八年级统考期末）Yesterday the teacher told us the earth _ the sun.Agoes ar

22、oundBwent aroundCis going aroundDwould go around26（2022秋上海浦东新八年级上海民办华二浦东实验学校校考期末）Do you have any idea _?Perhaps theyre on the playground.Awhere they have goneBwhere have they goneCwhere they have beenDwhere have they been27（2022春吉林长春八年级统考期末）I dont know _. Can you help me?Awhere did he goBhow can I m

23、ake cakesChow I can draw the pictureDwhat did he do last week28（2022春辽宁沈阳八年级统考期末） Could you tell me _ yuanxiao in China? Usually at the Lantern Festival.Awhere do people eatBwhen people eatCwhy people eatDhow do people eat29（2022春湖北武汉八年级统考期末）Is David still in Paris or has he returned to Wuhan? Im no

24、t sure. Ill call to make sure _.Ahow he will get backBif he has been backCwhen has he come backDwhy he has come back30（2022春湖北武汉八年级统考期末）Next Saturday is my fathers birthday. Im thinking about _.Good girl! And please give my best wishes to him.Awhat present should I give himBhow I can give him a surp

25、riseCif I planned a party for himDwhere will my family have a big meal二、完成句子31（2021秋山东烟台八年级统考期末）Where is Frank going? Do you know?（合并为一句）Do you know _ _ _ going?32（2020秋全国八年级期末）没人知道这些动物为什么会灭绝。 Nobody knows _ these animals _ _ _.33（2020春北京八年级北航实验学校校考期末）她渐渐意识到她是多么的想念家人。She came to realize _ her family

26、.34（2022春广东广州八年级广州市第一中学校考期中）能否告诉我咱们明天什么时候出发吗？Would you tell me _ _ _ _?35（2023春八年级课时练习）请你告诉我洗手间在哪里好吗?Could you please tell me _ the restrooms _?36（2023春八年级课时练习）你能告诉我在哪里能买到杂志吗?Could you tell me _ _ _ buy a magazine?37（2022秋北京八年级景山学校校联考期中）他解释了这台机器的工作原理。He _ the machine _.38（2022秋八年级课时练习）你知道动物园里有多少种动物吗

27、？Do you know _ types of animals _ in the zoo?39（2022秋八年级课时练习）你知道WTO代表什么吗？Do you know _ _ _ _?40（2021秋湖北十堰八年级统考期中）我想知道这儿过去的生活是什么样子。I wonder _ here in the past.参考答案：1C【详解】句意：那个店主对你说了什么？她问我要怎么支付那条裙子？她可能是害怕我没有足够的钱。考查宾语从句。根据“She asked me.”可知，空处应要填入宾语从句，主句时态是一般过去时，从句时态应用过去的某种时态，排除选项A和D；结合“She may be afrai

28、d that I dont have enough money. (她可能担心我没有足够的钱)”，可推测，店主是害怕“我”不够钱买东西，所以问“我”要怎么付钱买那条裙子，空处应是C，符合语境。故选C。2D【详解】句意：阿尔伯特爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。你知道他是什么时候出生的吗？1879年。考查宾语从句。where询问地点；how old询问年龄；how询问方式、方法；when询问时间。根据答语“In 1879.”可知询问的是时间，因此引导词用when。故选D。3A【详解】句意：Tom，你知道如果这周日是晴天，Frank会去剧院吗？对不起，我不知道。考查一般将来时和if引导的条件状语从句。根

29、据“Tom, do you know if Frank.to the theater with us this Sunday if it.?”可知，“if Frank.to the theater with us this Sunday”是由if“是否”引导的宾语从句，结合宾语从句的语境，该从句时态是一般将来时，谓语结构是be going to/will do，排除选项B和D；“if it.”是由if“如果”引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时，此空应是is fine。故选A。4D【详解】句意：请问你能告诉我中国是否有可能在下一年将女性航天员送上太空吗？考查宾语从句。when

30、 will Shanghai Disney open to public上海迪士尼什么时候会向公众开放（疑问句语序）；did many people lose their homes in the strong earthquake很多人在那场强烈的地震中失去他们的家吗（一般疑问句）；where Judd-Trump win his first Snooker Championship贾德特鲁姆普在哪里赢得了他的第一个斯诺克冠军（疑问词+陈述句，但句子的时态及谓语动词形式有错误）；whether China may send the first woman astronaut to space

31、 next year中国是否有可能在下一年将女性航天员送上太空（疑问词+陈述句）。根据“Could you please tell me.”可知，此处为tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”，此空应是宾语从句，用陈述句语序，选项D为正确的宾语从句。故选D。5D【详解】句意：没有人知道他明天是否会来。如果他来这里，我会马上给你打电话。考查动词时态。第一空if引导的是宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，根据句中的“tomorrow”可知从句时态为一般将来时（will do）；第二空if引导的是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句应用一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用单三。故选D。

32、6A【详解】句意：我不确定朱迪是否能准时来这里。我想她可以。因为在来的路上，我在公共汽车上的时候看到了她。考查连词辨析。whether是否；if是否；how如何。根据“.or not”可知此处应用whether引导宾语从句。故选A。7A【详解】句意：丹，你愿意星期六来参加我的聚会吗？嗯，我不确定我能不能来，但我会尽力去。考查连词辨析。if是否；when什么时候；how如何。根据“Would you like to come to”以及“Im not sure.I can come”可知是不确定是否能去参加聚会，应该用if引导宾语从句。故选A。8A【详解】句意：你确定李先生会来参加你的生日聚会吗

33、？考查宾语从句引导词。that不作成分，无意义；if是否；when什么时候；how怎样。句子含宾语从句，不缺意思，不缺成分，用that引导从句。故选A。9B【详解】句意：为了表明我们会多么想念她，让我们下周为她举办一个惊喜派对。考查宾语从句的连接词。how many多少，询问可数名词的数量；how much多少，多么；how soon多久之后；how long多少时间。根据“we are going to miss her”可知此处表示多么想念她，用how much引导宾语从句。故选B。10A【详解】句意：打扰一下，布莱克先生，我想知道我怎样能学好英语？上课认真听讲，尽可能多地练习。考查宾语从

34、句的用法。how I can learn English well我怎样才能学好英语；who teaches you at school谁在学校教你；where I can find an English book在哪能找到一本英语书；when you go to work你什么时候去上班。根据回答“Listen carefully in class and practice as often as possible.”可知问句是对学习英语方法的询问，应用how引导宾语从句，故选A。11B【详解】句意：如果三体里的故事成真，你能预测我们的世界会是什么样子吗？考查宾语从句。predict后缺少宾

35、语，所以空处应是宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A、C；而空处的宾语从句也是if条件状语从句的主句部分，根据条件状语从句时态上的“主将从现”原则可知，该宾语从句用一般将来时，故选B。12C【详解】句意：我不确定计算机能否在我们的大脑中很好地工作。考查否定句以及宾语从句的引导词。not不；quite很、非常；that引导宾语从句，没有实在意义；if/whether是否，引导宾语从句。根据空前“Im.sure”和空后“computers can work in our heads well.”语境可知，应是不确定计算机能否在我们的大脑中很好地工作，所以主句用否定形式，宾语从句用if或whethe

36、r引导。故选C。13A【详解】句意：你能告诉我他发生了什么事吗？当然可以。考查宾语从句。空处作tell的宾语，所以空处应是宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，B、C、D都是疑问语序，故选A。14B【详解】句意：你知道他们在哪里露营吗？在一个小湖边。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AD选项。根据“By a small lake.”可知，是问地点，应用where，故选B。15D【详解】句意：你妈妈刚才对你说什么了？她问我是否准备好演讲了。考查宾语从句。asked后缺少直接宾语，空处应用宾语从句，主过从必过，排除C；宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AB。故选D。16A【详解】句意：我想知道2000年前的生活是

37、什么样子。考查宾语从句。根据“I wonder.”并结合选项可知，空处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，故排除C、D；根据时间状语“2000 years ago”可知，从句应用一般过去时，故排除B。故选A。17D【详解】句意：你知道他们什么时候进行讨论吗？下周。考查宾语从句。根据句子结构可知是宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，结合答语“Next Monday.”可知，宾语从句的时态用一般将来时。故选D。18A【详解】句意：如果你看到杰克，请问问他明天是否去工厂上班。考查if引导的从句。根据语境及句意可知，第一空考查if引导的条件状语从句，应用一般现在时；第二空考查if引导的宾语从句，当主句为祈使句时，宾语从句

38、根据实际情况用相应的时态，所以根据句尾tomorrow，宾语从句应用一般将来时。故选A。19A【详解】句意：Jane刚才对你说了什么，Leo？她想知道我能否帮她学习数学。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空格处是宾语从句，应为陈述语序，故排除B和D选项。根据“wanted”可知，主句是一般过去时，从句也应为过去的某种时态，故排除C选项。故选A。20D【详解】句意：我能帮助你吗？请告诉我食物的价格。考查宾语从句。tell后缺少宾语，此处用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AC；主现从不限，询问当前物品价格，用一般现在时，B选项the food后应接costs，排除B。故选D。21D【详解】句意：学生们

39、对谁将和他们一起去旅行感到兴奋。他们兴奋地交谈是很自然的。考查宾语从句。about后接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AC；主现从不限，再由“for the coming trip”可知从句用一般将来时，排除B。故选D。22C【详解】句意：你已经在英语上取得很大进步。你可以告诉我你如何学习英语吗？通过在课后做大量练习。考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me ”可知，此处是宾语从句，语序应用陈述语序，故排除A、B；又根据“Youve made great progress in English”可知，取得进步是之前发生的事并对现在产生影响，宾语从句可使用一般现在时。故选C。23

40、B【详解】句意：我们的老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。考查宾语从句时态原则。地球围绕太阳转为客观真理，时态用一般现在时，且主语the earth为第三人称单数，因此使用goes。故选B。24B【详解】句意：麦克问为什么太阳从东边升起。考查宾语从句时态。根据题干“Michele asked why the sun”可知是why引导宾语从句时，在从句中作原因状语，在宾语从句中表示客观事实的，用一般现在时。故选B。25A【详解】句意：昨天老师告诉我们地球围着太阳转。考查时态。goes around转动，用于一般现在时第三人称单数作主语；went around转动，一般过去时；is going aroun

41、d转动，现在进行时；would go around转动，过去将来时。根据句意可知，此处的宾语从句是在陈述客观事实，所以时态应用一般现在时。且从句主语“the earth”为第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词也要用单数。故选A。26A【详解】句意：你知道他们去哪儿了吗？也许他们在操场上。考查宾语从句和现在完成时。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除BD选项；have gone to去了（未回）；have been to去过（已回）。根据“Perhaps theyre on the playground.”可知推知他们还没有回来，应用have gone to。故选A。27C【详解】句意：我不知道怎么画这幅图片。你

42、能帮助我吗？考查宾语从句语序。根据“I dont know”可知原句是宾语从句，宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分，故选C。28B【详解】你能告诉我在中国人们什么时候吃元宵？通常在元宵节。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句的语序，故排除A和D项；根据回答“Usually at the Lantern Festival.”可知，问的是时间。故选B。29B【详解】句意：大卫仍然在巴黎还是已经返回武汉了？我不确定，我将打电话确认他是否已经回来了。考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述句语序，排除C；且根据“Is David still in Paris or has he ret

43、urned to Wuhan?”以及“Im not sure”可知，表示“打电话确认他是否回来了”，故选B。30B【详解】句意：下星期六是我父亲的生日。我在想怎么给他一个惊喜。 好孩子！请代我向他致以最良好的祝愿。考查宾语从句。根据“Next Friday is my mothers birthday.”和“Im thinking about ”可知，本题的时态为一般将来时或一般现在时，选项C是一般过去时，因此时态不对，排除；选项A和D的语序不对，应该用陈述句的语序；选项B为陈述句语序且符合时态。故选B。31 where Frank is【详解】句意：Frank要去哪里？你知道吗？合并为一句是

44、where引导的宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，即引导词where+主语Frank+is，故填where；Frank；is。32 why will die out【详解】根据句中的“knows”可知，所填词所在句为宾语从句；根据句意可知，宾语从句时态为一般将来时，其结构为“will+动词原形”。宾语从句是以why引导的特殊疑问句并且要使用陈述语序。die out“灭绝”。故填why；will；die；out。33how much she missed【详解】多么how much；宾语从句中缺少主语她，she；想念miss；宾语从句主句用一般过去时，从句也要用一般过去时，故动词用过去式；从句用陈述语气

45、，即：引导词+主语+谓语+其他。故答案填how much she missed。34 when well leave tomorrow【详解】when“什么时候”，是疑问词，后加宾语从句，用陈述语序；根据句意可知句子是一般将来时，结构为：will+动词原形。we“我们”，和will缩写为well；leave“离开”；tomorrow“明天”。故填when；well；leave；tomorrow。35 where are【详解】分析句子结构可知，空格所在句是充当tell的宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，where“哪里”，restrooms为复数，be动词应用are。故填where；are。36 wh

46、ere I can【详解】根据中文意思和所给句子可知本题考查宾语从句和单词where“在哪里”，can“能”，I“我”，由“Could you tell me”可知此处为宾语从句，第一空应填宾语从句引导词，而宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，故填where；I；can。37 explained how worked【详解】根据句意可知，本句为一般过去时，空格处为“解释”和“工作原理”，根据“the machine”可知，“这台机器的工作原理”可表达为“这台机器是怎样工作的”。“解释”explain，“怎样”how，“工作” work。由于“这台机器怎样工作的”是宾语从句，故应用陈述句语序，时态遵循“

47、主过从随过”的原则，故应用一般过去时。故填explained how；worked。38 how many there are【详解】修饰可数名词复数，用how many表示“多少”；there are“有”，此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序。故填how many；there are。39 what WTO stands for【详解】此处是宾语从句，应用what“什么”引导；stand for“代表”，主语是WTO，动词用三单形式，故填what；WTO；stands；for。40what life was like【详解】根据题意可知，时态为一般过去时，且结合题干，可知考查what引导宾语从句；whatbe like为“是怎样的”，应用一般过去时。故填what life was like。