专题16 被动语态（重点语法）-2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（人教版2019）.docx

1、人教版（2019）高一英语上学期期末复习 查缺补漏冲刺满分专题16 被动语态1（2022年新高考I卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP _ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting

2、 ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”.2In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were _(decorate) with houseplants.3He _(recognize) as a role model since he entered senior high school.4That app _ (dele

3、te) from my smartphone already.5It seems that more health problems _ (cause) by mobile phones.6At present, large amounts of farming land_(destroy) at an alarming speed.7More than a dozen students in that school _ (send) abroad to study medicine last year.8When they came out of the mall, they discove

4、red that their new car _ (steal).9You cant move in right now. The house _ (paint).10Travelers _ (remind) that they should bring their ID cards with them.11The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that _ (attack).12Wildlife _ (threat) greatly by human expansion in the last few yea

5、rs.13Miss Kate has requested that the door to the classroom _(leave) open. 14My car _(damage) seriously. Dont you see that?Just tell me what you want for the damage.15The church tower which _ (restore) will be open to tourists soon. As we can see, the work is almost finished.16How many buildings _(b

6、uild) in the town at the moment?17Yesterday the boy_ (lecture) by his mother about the way he dressed.18A number of students_ (attract) to the newlyopened book store since last week.19Once his message _(deliver), he allowed me to stay and watch. 20Where to have a picnic _(decide) last night. 21Some

7、new forms of art _(be) being discussed at the meeting now. 22A third of his compositions _(have) been corrected. 23Economic relations between China and other nations_(establish) since last year. 24So far Mike _ (appoint) as captain of the school team.25Once the difficulty _ (overcome), we will finis

8、h the work on time. 26Amy, as well as her brothers, _(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. 27Fewer people will die from heart disease if they _(persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.28When she woke up, she found that her house_(destroy) by the thunderstorm.29Priority sh

9、ould be_（give）to the benefits of the farmers. 30The winner_(award) a gold medal.31We are confident that the environment will_(improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.32My car_(destroy) in an accident, and I have to buy a new one now.33Peking University_(found) in 1898.34Large amounts of

10、money_(spend) rebuilding the temple.35Every one of our class _(request) to be in the classroom at 6: 30 after supper. 36Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates _(admit) into universities next year.37She insisted that she _ (send) to work in the west.38Sorry, I cant lend yo

11、u the computer. It _ (use) by me now.39He was late for work yesterday because he_ (trap) in the traffic jam. 40The famous musician, as well as his students, _ (invite) to join in the music festival.41She worked hard and performed very well and as a result she_(promote) soon.42Qu Yuan _ (respect) by

12、Chinese people because of his loyalty to his country.43Over the years the topics which were controversial at the time _ (discuss) and debated. 44Later, Nelson _ (award) the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his work. 45She is _ (regard) as the current leaders natural successor. 46The b

13、oy encountered a fierce dog and unfortunately he was _ (bite) by it. 47My washing machine_ (repair) now, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 48Predators(食肉动物) _ (observe) to avoid attacking brightly colored species. 49We wont start the work until all the preparations _(make ).50A lot of informatio

14、n _ (update) on the companys website in the past few days.51The chicken smells good while it_ (roast), which makes the boys mouth water. 52Mary is the only one of the girls who_ (praise) by the headmaster at the meeting yesterday.53Before the meeting each man and each woman _ (be) asked to help the

15、manager yesterday.54This kind of desk is _ （design) for the children who are shortsighted. 55Now preparations _ (make) for the sports meet to be held tomorrow, so were very busy.参考答案：1is designed【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在三年的试验期后，GPNP将在明年被正式建立起来。GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，维护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原

16、则。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故design应用一般现在时的被动语态结构，主语为单数形式，谓语也要用第三人称单数形式。故填is designed。2decorated【详解】考查被动语态。句意：在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所装饰有室内植物时，他们的工作效率提高了15%。根据句意和空格前的were以及所给动词decorate分析句子可知，空格处应该填入decorate的过去分词形式decorated构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填decorated。3has been recognized【详解】考查时态和语态。句

17、意：自从他进入高中以来，他就被公认为榜样。句中since表示“自从”，引导时间状语从句，主句应用现在完成时，recognize与主语He之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语是He，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式has been recognized。故填has been recognized。4has been deleted【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这款软件已经从我手机中删除了。句末already一般与现在完成时连用，主语为That app，助动词要has，delete与主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填has been deleted。5are caused【详解】考查动词

18、时态语态。句意：似乎更多的健康问题是由手机引起的。it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，从句中主语是more health problems，和谓语动词cause是被动关系，再根据seems可知，用一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are caused。6are being destroyed【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：目前，大量的耕地正在以惊人的速度被破坏。由“At present”可知，句子时态用现在进行时，耕地被破坏，因此空格处是现在进行时的被动语态，即is/are being done，farming land被amounts of修饰，谓语动词用复数，因此空格处

19、是are being destroyed。故填are being destroyed。7were sent【详解】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：去年，该校有十几名学生被送往国外学习医学。根据句中时间状语“last year”可知，此处应用一般过去时态。句子主语是“More than a dozen students”，表示复数，且主语与谓语动词“send”是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填were sent。8had been stolen【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：当他们从商场出来的时候，他们发现他们的新车已经被偷了。分析句子可知，设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，其主

20、语为their new car，二者之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；结合主句谓语动词时态及句意可知，steal的动作发生在discover之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时的被动语态had been done结构。故填had been stolen。9is being painted【详解】考查时态语态。句意：你现在还不能搬进来。房子正在粉刷。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境可知正在进行，应用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is being painted。10are reminded【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：游客们被告知，他们需要随身携带身份证。结合句意和从句的时态可知，用一般

21、现在时即可；主语travelers和remind为动宾关系，故需要用一般现在时的被动语态。主语是复数，故填are reminded。11are being attacked【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：正遭受侵袭的叶子会释放出微量的化学物质。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，替代先行词leaves在从句中作主语，与动词attack之间是被动关系，且此处表示“正在被侵袭”，故定语从句用现在进行时的被动语态，leaves表示复数意义，be动词用are。故填are being attacked。12has been threatened【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几年里，野生动

22、物受到人类扩张的严重威胁。空处在句中作谓语，所给词是名词，其动词形式为threaten(威胁)，由时间标志词in the last few years可知，“威胁”这一动作从过去开始持续到现在，用现在完成时，且主语wildlife与动词threaten二者是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动，主语wildlife是不可数名词，故填has been threatened。13be left【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：凯特小姐要求让教室的门开着。分析句子结构可知，此处是request引导的宾语从句，表命令，请求，从句中应用虚拟语气句式，句式为：sb. request that sb. (should)

23、 do，其中should可省略，从句中主语door和leave之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态。故填be left。14has been damaged【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：我的车被严重损坏了。你看不到吗？告诉我你想要什么补偿。由“what you want for the damage”可知，车已经被损坏了，空格处用现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been done，主语car是单数，因此空格处是has been damaged。故填has been damaged。15is being restored【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：正在修复的教堂塔不久将

24、向游客开放。如我们所见，工作差不多完成了。分析句子可知，which引导定语从句，替代先行词The church tower在从句中作主语，表示单数意义，与动词restore之间是被动关系，再由“As we can see, the work is almost finished.”可知，教堂塔是正在被修复，所以此处用现在进行时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is being restored。16are being built【详解】考查时态语态。句意：目前镇上正在建造多少幢大楼？主语buildings与谓语动词build构成被动关系，结合后文at the moment可知应用现在进行时的被动

25、语态，主语复数，谓语复数形式，故填are being built。17was lectured【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：昨天，这个男孩的母亲对他穿衣服的方式进行了训斥。结合时间状语Yesterday，主语the boy和谓语动词lecture是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语the boy单数，谓语单数形式。故填was lectured。18have been attracted【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自上周以来，新开的书店吸引了许多学生。主语students与attract是被动关系，应用被动语态；又句中时间状语是since last week，故谓语用现在完成时的被动语态;主

26、语students由a number of 修饰，故谓语用复数形式，故填have been attracted。19was delivered【详解】考查时态语态。句意：他的信息一传达出去，他就允许我留下来观看。分析句子可知，此空考查谓语动词，且主语his message和deliver为被动关系，由后文allowed 可知，这里时态应用一般过去时。故填was delivered。20was decided【详解】考查被动语态。句意：去哪里野餐已经于昨天晚上决定好了。根据提示词和句意可知，去哪里是被人们决定的，故应用被动语态，结合时间状语last night判断用一般过去时的被动语态。主句是一

27、个句子，谓语动词用单数。故填was decided。21are【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：会议上正在讨论一些新的艺术形式。结合时间状语now和(be) being discussed可知，用现在进行时的被动语态，主语Some new forms of art复数，谓语复数形式。故填are。22have【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他的作文有三分之一被修改了。“A third of”是三分之一，句子的谓语动词根据其后名词的数来确定，compositions是复数，由been corrected可知，句子是现在完成时的被动语态，因此空格处用助动词have，故填have。23have be

28、en established【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自从去年以来，中国已经和其他国家建立了经济关系。根据句子分析可知，时间状语为since last year，故谓语动词应用现在完成时。且主语economic relations为复数，与establish之间为被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动，故填have been established。24has been appointed【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，迈克已被任命为校队队长。由So far可知，句子时态用现在完成时，Mike是被任命，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，主语Mike是单数，因此空格处是has

29、been appointed。故填has been appointed。25is overcome【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一旦困难被克服，我们将可以按时完成工作。分析句子结构和意思可知，once引导条件状语从句，从句主语difficulty和谓语动词overcome是被动关系，从句描述的是将来的事情，在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，be动词用is。故填is overcome。26was given【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们上周回到村子时受到了热烈的欢迎。空处作句子的谓语，as well as连接主语时，谓语动词的数要和as well as前面的主语保持一致

30、，所以此处谓语动词应和Amy保持一致，由last week可知，句子应用一般过去时，且Amy和动词give是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，故填was given。27are persuaded【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如果人们被说服多吃水果和蔬菜，更少的人将会死于心脏病。分析句子可知主句使用一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，they和persuade之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用are。故填are persuaded。28had been destroyed【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当她醒来时，她发现她的房子被雷雨给毁了。由by可知

31、，句子用被动语态，房子被毁发生在她醒来之前，因此句子时态用过去完成时，空格处是过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故填had been destroyed。29given【详解】考查被动语态。句意：农民的利益应该是首要事情。priority表示“首要事情，优先事项。”通过分析句子，priority做give的宾语。priority放到句首做主语应用被动语态。此处是情态动词should的被动语态，应用should be done结构。故填given。30was awarded【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：获胜者被授予了金牌。分析句子可知，空处前的The winner是主语，且

32、为单数形式，故空处应填动词作谓语，与主语之间是被动关系，结合语意可知，此处应用一般过去时，故空处应填一般过去时的被动语态，be动词使用was。故填was awarded。31be improved【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我们相信，通过进一步努力减少污染，环境会得到改善。分析句子可知，设空处的动词与主语environment 是被动关系，此处需用被动语态，句子时态为一般将来时。故填be improved。32was destroyed【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我的车在一次事故中被毁了，我现在得买一辆新的。由句意可知，“我的车被毁了”发生在过去，应用一般过去时，动词destroy与主

33、语car之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，主语car是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was destroyed。33was founded【详解】考查动词语态。句意：北京大学成立于1898年。主语Peking University与found之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，由时间状语in 1898可知，应用一般过去时。故填was founded。34were spent【详解】考查语态和时态。句意：大量的钱被划在重建寺庙上。根据句意，句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，Large amounts of修饰不可数名词，后面的谓语动词和amounts保持一致，故答案为were spent。35is req

34、uested【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我们每个班级的每个人都被要求在晚餐后6点30到教室。根据句意可知，此处描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。主语Every one of our class与request是动宾关系，故用被动语态。结合时态，故用一般现在时的被动语态(be done)。主语Every one of our class是单数，故填is requested。36will be admitted【详解】考查动词。句意：明年更多的高中毕业生将被大学录取的消息已经被提出来了。根据句意可知，此处动词用一般将来时态的被动语态，graduates和admit为被动关系。故填will be adm

35、itted。37(should) be sent【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：她坚持认为她应该被派往西方工作。insist表示“坚持认为”时， 后面宾语从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。分析句子可知，she和send是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填(should) be sent。38is being used【详解】考查动词语态。句意：对不起，我不能把电脑借给你。我现在正在使用它。根据后文“by me now”可知，我现在正在用电脑，应用现在进行时，主语是It，与use是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being used。39was trapped【

36、详解】考查时态和语态。句意：因为交通堵塞，他昨天上班迟到了。be trapped in是固定搭配，意为“陷入.；被困在.”，且由时间标志词yesterday可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语是he为单数，故填was trapped。40was invited【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：不但他的学生,连那位著名的音乐家上周也被邀请参加派对了。as well as连接两个并列的名词作主语，谓语动词应和前面的名词保持一致，the famous musician是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。本题陈述在过去的时间发生的事，故用一般过去时，由于the famous musician

37、和invite之间是被动关系，故填was invited。41was promoted【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：她工作努力并且表现很好，结果她很快就被提升了。根据句中worked和performed可知，句子使用一般过去时，promote与主语she之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是she，be动词应用was。故填was promoted。42is respected【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：屈原因为对国家的忠诚而受到中国人的尊敬。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语Qu Yuan与respect之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语Qu Yuan第三人称，

38、谓语单数形式。故填is respected。43have been discussed【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：多年来，当时备受争议的话题一直在被讨论和辩论。根据时间状语Over the years 可知，句子应使用现在完成时。分析句子可知，主语the topics和discuss构成被动关系，应使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been discussed。44was awarded【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：后来，纳尔逊被授予总统自由勋章，以表彰他的工作。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。动词award意为“授予，颁发”，和主语构成被动关系。主语

39、为第三人称单数。故填was awarded。45regarded【详解】考查语态。句意：她被认为是现任领导人的自然接班人。regard和主语she之间是被动关系，故应用其过去分词形式和is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填regarded。46bitten【详解】考查过去分词。句意：那男孩遇到一条恶犬，不幸被它咬了。结合句意及空后的by可知，主语he和动词bite之间是被动关系，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，空处填过去分词。故填bitten。47is being repaired【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：现在我的洗衣机正在维修中，因此我不得不用手洗我的衣服。根据后文“ so I have

40、to wash my clothes by hand（因此我不得不用手洗我的衣服）”可知，这里表示“洗衣机正在维修中”，故用现在进行时，且主语My washing machine与repair为被动关系，需用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为单数名词，故谓语动词用单数。故填is being repaired。48have been observed【详解】考查时态。句意：据观察发现，捕食性动物会避免袭击色彩鲜艳的物种。此处predators是主语，为复数；此空为谓语动词，predators与observe之间为被动关系，且此处是结果，表示已经完成，用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been ob

41、served。49have been made【详解】考查时态语态。句意：直到所有的准备都做好，我们才会开始工作。根据句意，从句的动作“做好准备”发生在主句动作“开始工作”之前。主句时态是一般将来时，所以从句使用现在完成时态；preparations与make之间是被动关系，所以要使用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been made 。50has been updated【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几天里，公司的网站上更新了很多信息。根据时间状语“in the past few days”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语information和update为被动关系，需

42、用被动语态，主语为不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has been updated。51is being roasted【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这只鸡在烤的时候闻起来很香，这使男孩流口水。根据“which makes the boys mouth water. ”可知，此处使用现在进行时，表示“鸡正在烤”，主语it和roast为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is being roasted。52was praised【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：玛丽是昨天会上唯一受到校长表扬的女孩。分析可知，所填动词为定语从句的谓语动词，从句主语“wh

43、o”,即为先行词“the only one of the girls(女孩中唯一的一个)”，与动词“praise(表扬)”之间为被动关系，结合时间状语“yesterday”应是一般过去时的被动：was/were done；“the only one of the girls”为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was praised。53was【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：在开会之前，每个男人和每个女人都被要求昨天帮助经理。each man and each woman作主语，谓语用单数，根据时间状语yesterday和空格后的 asked可知，此处是一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was。54designed【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这种书桌是为近视儿童设计的。桌子是被设计，句子用被动语态，空格处前有is，空格处用过去分词designed，故填designed。55are being made【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：现在正在为明天举行的运动会做准备，所以我们很忙。分析句式结构可知，本句的主语为preparations，主语和谓语动词make是被动关系，根据上文的Now可知，动作现在正在进行，此处应该用现在进行时的被动语态，所以用am/is/are being done结构，主语复数，谓语复数形式。故填are being made。