专题23 体育活动、精神及体育与健康-2024年高考英语一轮复习主题词汇.docx

1、话题二十三 体育活动、精神及体育与健康第一部分 话题词汇积累单词&短语1.flu n._2.leisure n._3.lessen v._4.association n._5.championship n._6.link n.&v._7.liquid n._8.literary adj._9.loan n._10.logical adj._11.long v._12.loose adj._13.lounge n._14.lower v._15.magic n.&adj._16.maintain v._17._n.&v.讲座，讲课18._adj.法律上的，合法的19._n.长度；距离20._n.

2、图书馆；资料室21._n.执照，许可证22._adj.可能的；预料的23._n.文学；文献，资料24._v.乱扔垃圾；使凌乱25._n.&v.负担，装载26._adj.地方的，本地的；(身体)局部的27._adj.孤独的；荒凉的；偏僻的28._n.遗失，死亡，损失失败29._adj.&adv.响亮的，大声的30._adj.可爱的，令人愉快的31._adv.幸运地32._n.行李33._n.杂志，期刊34._adv.主要的，大部分的35._adj.坐落于，位于36._v.控制；管理；设法做成；成功对付37._n.经理；经纪人38._v. _-(过去式)_(过去分词)-_(现在分词)v.平躺39.

3、_v._-(过去式)-_(过去分词)-_(现在分词)v.撒谎40._(过去式)_(过去分词)-_(现在分词)v.放置；产卵41._v._-(过去式)-_(过去分词)v.点燃，照亮42._n.积极性，动力；诱因43._n.混合，混合物44._n.博物馆45._v.&n.谋杀，凶杀46._n.音乐家47.给某人一个教训_48.let sb.down_49.a white lie_50._过着幸福的生活51.大多数_52.wait in line_53.列清单_54.不辜负期望_55.只要_56.look into_57.lose oneself in/be lost in_58.make out_

4、59.make up for_60.table manners_61.lung cancer_62.smoking-related diseases_63._减肥64.节食_65.under the weather_66.pick up the habit_67.进行有规律的运动_68.junk food_69.保持健康_70.强身健体_词汇拓展1.make out(勉强)辨认出，看出，听出；弄清；理解；明白；力图说成；努力让人相信；力图证明(是最好的);开具，填写(支票、收据或订货单);亲热I cant_what youre saying.我实在搞不懂你在讲什么。I_to the presi

5、dent.我向总裁开出一张有效的支票。Dont_like you know the answer!不要装得好像你知道答案一样!How is your son_at school?你儿子在学校表现的如何?I cant_what it says at the bottom.我看不清楚底部写什么。We cant_.我们实在搞不懂他。They were trying to_that Id actually done it.他们正在努力证明我真的干过这件事。2.look into往里看；考察；调查；研究In North America,it is important to look into the e

6、yes of the person you are talking to.在北美洲，看着和你说话的人的眼睛是很重要的。It should also look into the possibilities of wind-generated electricity.还会对风力发电的可能性进行研究。【联想】 look forward to期盼look around四下张望look ahead向前看look back回头看；回顾look right/left向右看/左看look well看起来健康look ill看上去有病look down on(upon)看不起、轻视look over检查look

7、 like看起来像look out向外望、当心look up向上看；查(字典)look down往下看look up and down上下打量look for寻找look after照看、照顾活学活用一、阅读下列句子，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.The_(long)of a paragraph depends on the information it conveys.2.She may not have the money_(maintain)or restore her property.3.I took my bags inside,_(lower)myself onto the

8、 bed and switched on the TV.4._(locate)in Sichuan Province,the area is renowned for its dreamlike scenery and abundant natural resources.5.The sudden knocking at the door startled me when I was lost _deep thought.二、翻译句子1.我们先研究一下，然后再作决定。(look into)_2.我听到有声音，却听不清他们在说些什么。(make out)_3.只要你准时还，你就可以借这本书。(a

9、s long as)_4.孩子们现在正盼望着假期。(long for)_单词&短语1.流感 2.闲暇，业余时间 3.(使)变少，(使)变小4.协会 5.锦标赛 6.联系，连接 7.液体 8.文学上的9.贷款，借款 10.符合逻辑的，合乎情理的 11.渴望，盼望 12.宽松的，松散的 13.休息厅 14.降低，减低15.魔法，魔术的 16.保持，维护 17.lecture 18.legal 19.length 20.library 21.license/licence 22.likely23.literature 24.litter 25.load 26.local 27.lonely28.lo

10、ss 29.loud 30.lovely 31.luckily 32.luggage 33.magazine 34.mainly 35.located 36.manage 37.manager 38.lielaylainlying 39.liedliedliedlying 40.laylaidlaidlaying 41. lightlit/lightedlit/lighted 42.motivation 43.mixture 44.museum 45.murder 46.musician47.teach sb. a lesson 48.使某人失望 49.善意的谎言50,live/lead/ha

11、ve a happy life 51. the majority of.52.排队等候 53.make a list of. 54.live up to expectations 55.so/as long as 56.调查 57.专心于，专注于58.辨认出，理解 59.弥补 60.餐桌礼仪 61.肺癌62.抽烟引起的疾病 63.lose weight 64.go on a diet 65.生病、不舒服 66.养成这种习惯 67.take regular exercise 68.垃圾食品 69.stay/keep healthy/fit 70.buildup ones body/improve

12、 ones health词汇拓展1.make out; made the check out; make out; making out;make out; make him out; make out活学活用一、1.length 2. to maintain 3. lowered 4.Located 5.in二、1.Well look into the matter first before coming to a decision.2.I heard the voices,but couldnt make out what they were saying.3.You may use th

13、e book so long as you will return it on time.4.The children are longing for the holidays.第二部分 话题阅读训练（A）完形填空Angelas amputee(被截肢者) soccer team has inspired a nation still recovering from a 27-year war. Each night; just after the red sun_21_into the Atlantic, a constant clicking_22_could be heard withi

14、n the dos Coqueiros Stadium, which came from metal sticks, an indication that training had_23_for Angolas world champion mens amputee soccer team.Of the 15 players on the team,12 are amputees due to a landmine._24_in sports was considered a way to give amputees an outlet from their_25_life.In 2018,

15、Angola edged out Turkey 5-4 to_26_the Amputee Football World Cup in Mexico,_27_inspiring the young nation, For the past four years, they have held the_28_as the best team on the planet. Now, they are competing at the 2022 Amputee Football World Cup in Turkey, which _29_-24 teams, including countries

16、 with players wounded in armed_30_, such as Iraq and Syria. Over the weekend, Angola won its first three matches and now_31_to the second round.Hilario, team captain, says,“ Though I hope to return again with a gold_32_on my chest, it wont be easy as there are lots of very_33_teams coming to Turkey

17、with the goal to_34_Angola.Having the opportunity to contribute to our national team and to grow the_35_of the sport, Id like to help the team win more championships and honor the nation.”21AburnedBaroseCdisappearedDflew22AsoundBspeedClinkDmouse23AapproachedBstartedCsuspendedDstopped24AAppreciationB

18、PreservationCIndependenceDInvolvement25AfreeBpleasantCsadDboring26AaffordBwinCdefeatDmiss27AtoughlyBunluckilyCenormouslyDrarely28AtitleBdreamCvisionDauthority29AfeaturesBawardsCgeneratesDsustains30AprotestBconflictCdrillDeruption31ApeaksBrestoresCwanders.Dadvances32AmedalBcupCcapDstar33ApowerlessBse

19、cond-rateCstrongDunknown34Abreak downBknock offCappeal toDdrop out35AissueBfacilityCvarietyDprofile【答案】21C22A23B24D25C26B27C28A29A30B31D32A33C34B35D【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作为上届世界杯冠军的安哥拉截肢者足球队如今再次出征，积极备战在土耳其举行的2022年截肢者足球世界杯比赛。为了家国的荣光，他们突破自我，突破障碍，积极备战，奋力拼搏。21考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上；就在红日消失在大西洋上空后，多斯科盖罗斯体育场(dos

20、Coqueiros Stadium)内不断传来金属棒发出的咔哒声，这表明安哥拉世界冠军截肢男子足球队的训练已经开始。A. burned燃烧；B. arose发生，出现；C. disappeared消失；D. flew飞行。根据“Each night”，可知，因为是night，故可推知，此处为每天晚上；就在红日消失在大西洋上空后，多斯科盖罗斯体育场(dos Coqueiros Stadium)内不断传来金属棒发出的咔哒声。故选C项。22考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上；就在红日消失在大西洋上空后，多斯科盖罗斯体育场(dos Coqueiros Stadium)内不断传来金属棒发出的咔哒声，这表明

21、安哥拉世界冠军截肢男子足球队的训练已经开始。A. sound声响；B. speed速度；C. link联系；D. mouse老鼠。根据该句中“could be heard within the dos Coqueiros Stadium”可知，此处为多斯科盖罗斯体育场(dos Coqueiros Stadium)内不断传来金属棒发出的咔哒声。故选A项。23考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上；就在红日消失在大西洋上空后，多斯科盖罗斯体育场(dos Coqueiros Stadium)内不断传来金属棒发出的咔哒声，这表明安哥拉世界冠军截肢男子足球队的训练已经开始。A. approached靠近；B.

22、 started 开始；C. suspended暂停；D. stopped结束。根据下文“Over the weekend, Angola won its first three matches and now_11_to the second round.”已经进入了第二轮，故可推知，此处为这表明安哥拉世界冠军截肢男子足球队的训练已经开始。故选B项。24考查名词词义辨析。句意：参与运动被认为是一种让截肢者从悲伤生活中解脱出来的方式。A. Appreciation欣赏；B. Preservation 保护；C. Independence 独立；D. Involvement参与。根据句意以及该句

23、中的“in sports”可知，此处为参与运动被认为是一种让截肢者从悲伤生活中解脱出来的方式。故选D项。25考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参与运动被认为是一种让截肢者从悲伤生活中解脱出来的方式。A. free 自由的，B. pleasant令人愉快的，C. sad悲哀的，D. boring无聊的。根据句意以及该句中的“to give amputees an outlet”给截肢者一种解脱，可知，此处为参与运动被认为是一种让截肢者从悲伤生活中解脱出来的方式。故选C项。26考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，安哥拉以5比4击败土耳其，赢得了在墨西哥举行的截肢者足球世界杯，极大地鼓舞了这个年轻的国家。A

24、. afford承担得起；B. win赢得；C. defeat击败；D. miss错过。根据下文“inspiring the young nation.”可知，此处为安哥拉以5比4击败土耳其，赢得了在墨西哥举行的截肢者足球世界杯。故选B项。27考查副词词义辨析。句意：2018年，安哥拉以5比4击败土耳其，赢得了在墨西哥举行的截肢者足球世界杯，极大地鼓舞了这个年轻的国家。A. toughly 坚强地；B unluckily不幸地；C. enormously极大地；D. rarely很少地。根据上文提到的赢得比赛以及该句中的“inspiring the young nation”可知，此处为赢得了

25、在墨西哥举行的截肢者足球世界杯，极大地鼓舞了这个年轻的国家。故选C项。28考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的四年里，他们一直是这个星球上最好的球队。A. title头衔，称谓；B. dream梦想；C. vision 视力；D. authority权利。根据该句中的“as the best team on the planet”可知，此处为在过去的四年里，他们一直是这个星球上最好的球队。故选A项。29考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他们正在土耳其参加2022年截肢者足球世界杯，该世界杯有24支球队参赛，其中包括有球员在武装冲突中受伤的国家，如伊拉克和叙利亚。A. features以为主要组成；B

26、.awards奖励；C. generates 产生；D .sustains维持。根据该句中“24 teams, including countries with players wounded in armed_10_, such as Iraq and Syria.”可知，此处为该世界杯有24支球队参赛，其中包括有球员在武装冲突中受伤的国家，如伊拉克和叙利亚。故选A项。30考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，他们正在土耳其参加2022年截肢者足球世界杯，该世界杯有24支球队参赛，其中包括有球员在武装冲突中受伤的国家，如伊拉克和叙利亚。A. protest 抗议；B. conflict 冲突；C.

27、drill操练；D. eruption喷发。由前面的“wounded”以及下文列举的“such as Iraq and Syria.”这些常年处于战争中的国家，可知，此处为其中包括有球员在武装冲突中受伤的国家，如伊拉克和叙利亚。故选B项。31考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周末，安哥拉赢得了前三场比赛，现在晋级第二轮。A. peak达到高峰；B .restore恢复；C .wander 漫步；D .advance前进。由上文“Over the weekend, Angola won its first three matches”可知，球队现在进入第二轮。故选D项。32考查名词词义辨析。句意：国家队

28、队长希拉里奥说：“虽然我希望能再次带着金牌回来，但这并不容易，因为有很多强队将带着击败安哥拉队的目标来到土耳其。A. medal奖章；B. cup杯子；C. cap帽子；D. star星星。根据后文的“Id like to help the team win more championships, and honor the nation.”可知，此处为虽然我希望能再次带着金牌回来，但这并不容易。故选A项。33考查形容词词义辩析。句意：国家队队长希拉里奥说：“虽然我希望能再次带着金牌回来，但这并不容易，因为有很多强队将带着击败安哥拉队的目标来到土耳其。A. powerless无影响力的；B.

29、second-rate二流的；C. strong强大的；D. unknown未知的。由“it wont be easy”可知，有很多非常强大的球队在比赛中。故选C项。34考查动词短语辨析。句意：国家队队长希拉里奥说：“虽然我希望能再次带着金牌回来，但这并不容易，因为有很多强队将带着击败安哥拉队的目标来到土耳其。A. break down出毛病；B. knock off 击败；C. appeal to 呼吁；D. drop out退出(比赛等)。根据该句中“coming to Turkey with the goal”可知，此处为因为有很多强队将带着击败安哥拉队的目标来到土耳其。故选B项。35考

30、查名词词义辨析。句意：有机会为我们的国家队做出贡献，提高这项运动的知名度，我想帮助球队赢得更多的冠军，为国家荣誉。A. issue问题；B. facility设施；C. variety多样化；D. profile形象。根据该句中“to contribute to our national team”以及“Id like to help the team win more championships and honor the nation.”可知，此处为有机会为我们的国家队做出贡献，提高这项运动的知名度。故选D项。（B）阅读理解Jonathan the tortoise, the worlds

31、 oldest land animal, turned 190 over the weekend on the island of St. Helena, where he enjoyed a “cake” of seasonal fruits, leafy greens and vegetables, including carrots carved into the number “190”.Jonathan was brought to St.Helena from the Seychelles in 1882 as a gift. According to Guinness World

32、 Records, Jonathan surpassed the previous record holder, Tui Malila, who lived in the 1770s until 1965and could be even older. He arrived in St.Helena as a fully mature tortoise, meaning he was at least 50 in 1882.“The vet is still feeding him by hand once a week to boost his calories, vitamins, min

33、erals and trace elements, as he is blind and has no sense of smell. His hearing though is excellent and he loves the company of humans, and responds well to his vet Joe Hollins voice as he associates him with a feast, Guinness World Records said.“The tortoise enjoys the sun but on very hot days take

34、s to the shade. On mild days, he will sunbathe his long neck and legs stretched fully out of his shell to absorb heat and transfer it to his core,” according to Hollins. When its cold, Jonathan has been known to “dig himself into leaf mold or grass cuttings and remain there all day.”In most cases, t

35、he lifespan of a tortoise or turtle depends on the species and level of care they receive. They generally live much longer in captivity than in the wild, because in the wild, they must find their own food in addition to evading predators while not getting medical treatment. Larger turtle and tortois

36、e species also tend to live longer than their smaller counterparts. For more information about animal record holders, click here.24When might Jonathan be born?AIn 1882.BIn 1770.CIn 1965.DIn 1832.25Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the text?AJonathan had a birthday cake made of fr

37、uits, meat, and vegetables.BJonathan was born and raised on the island of St. Helena.CJonathan is the Guinness World holder of the oldest land animal.DJonathan is a very old but healthy tortoise with full senses.26Which is not a reason why a tortoise in the wild has a relatively shorter lifespan?ASp

38、ecies differences.BFood shortage.CLack of medical treatment.DAnimal enemies.27Where can we probably find this article?AIn a science fiction.BOn a news website.CIn a travel brochure.DIn a biology textbook.【答案】24D25C26A27B【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了已经190岁高龄的世界上最长寿的陆生动物乔纳森的情况，并分析了野生乌龟寿命相对较短的原因。24细节理解题。根据第一段“J

39、onathan the tortoise, the worlds oldest land animal, turned 190 over the weekend on the island of St. Helena, where he enjoyed a cake of seasonal fruits, leafy greens and vegetables, including carrots carved into the number 190. (上周末，世界上最长寿的陆生动物乔纳森在圣赫勒拿岛度过了190岁的生日，他在岛上享用了一个由时令水果、绿叶蔬菜和蔬菜组成的蛋糕，其中包括刻着1

40、90字样的胡萝卜)”，以及第二段最后一句“He arrived in St.Helena as a fully mature tortoise, meaning he was at least 50 in 1882. (他到达圣赫勒拿时已经是一只完全成熟的乌龟，这意味着他在1882年至少有50岁。)”可知，Jonathan可能出生于1832年。故选D项。25细节理解题。根据根据第一段“Jonathan the tortoise, the worlds oldest land animal, turned 190 over the weekend on the island of St. Hel

41、ena, where he enjoyed a cake of seasonal fruits, leafy greens and vegetables, including carrots carved into the number 190. (上周末，世界上最长寿的陆生动物乔纳森在圣赫勒拿岛度过了190岁的生日，他在岛上享用了一个由时令水果、绿叶蔬菜和蔬菜组成的蛋糕，其中包括刻着190字样的胡萝卜)”可知，Jonathan是世界上最长寿的陆生动物。故选C项。26细节理解题。根据最后一段“In most cases, the lifespan of a tortoise or turtle

42、 depends on the species and level of care they receive. They generally live much longer in captivity than in the wild, because in the wild, they must find their own food in addition to evading predators while not getting medical treatment. Larger turtle and tortoise species also tend to live longer

43、than their smaller counterparts. (在大多数情况下，乌龟的寿命取决于它们所受到的照料的种类和水平。它们在圈养环境下的寿命通常比在野外要长得多，因为在野外，除了躲避捕食者，它们还必须自己寻找食物，而且得不到医疗。体型较大的海龟和陆龟也往往比体型较小的同类活得更长。)”可知，野生乌龟寿命相对较短，是因为有捕食者，还存在食物短缺，以及医疗短缺，故选A项。27推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“For more information about animal record holders, click here. (有关动物纪录保持者的更多信息，请点击这里。)”可知，

44、本文应该在网站上。故选B项。（C）语法填空The FIFA World Cup 2022 kicks _36_ on Sunday with a ceremony at the Al Bayt Stadium in the city of Al Khor, 50 kilometres outside of Qatars capital Doha.Enner Valencia scored two first-half goals as Ecuador beat hosts Qatar 2-0 in the opening match. Its the first time that a hos

45、t team _37_ (lose) the opening game of the World Cup.Even without a home team to cheer for, Chinese fans and enterprises remain _38_ (enthusiasm) about the Qatar World Cup. Support from China has also come in _39_ more concrete way, with most of the tournaments stadiums, its _40_ (accommodate) facil

46、ities and its official transportation system _41_ (feature) contributions from Chinese builders and providers. For example, the 80, 000-seat Lusail Stadium, _42_ is scheduled to host the eye-catching final game, was designed and built by China Railway International Group with advanced energy-saving

47、_43_ (technology) and sustainable materials. Besides, Dohas first ever Panda House officially opened to the public on Thursday. _44_ (locate) at Al Khor Park near the Al Bayt Stadium, the Panda House is home to Chinese giant pandas, three-year-old female Si Hai and four-year-old male Jing Jing. And

48、according to a list released by FIFA; Chinese referee Ma Ning and two _45_ (assist) referees, Cao Yi and Shi Xiang, have been appointed to judge at the 2022 FIFA World Cup.【答案】36off37haslost38enthusiastic39a40accommodation41featuring42which43technologies44Located45assistant【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国在2022年足

49、球世界杯的其他具体参与情况。36考查介词。句意：2022年世界杯足球赛在卡塔尔首都多哈50公里以外的阿尔科尔市的多哈海湾体育馆以一个开幕式开始了。短语kick off表示“开球、开始”，为固定搭配，故填off。37考查时态。句意：这是第一次东道主队输了世界杯的开场比赛。在its the first time that句型中，从句使用现在完成时，表主动关系，主语为单数，故填has lost。38考查形容词。句意：即便不能为自己国家的球队欢呼，中国球迷和企业仍然对卡塔尔世界杯充满了热情。此处remain为系动词，后接形容词作表语，故填enthusiastic。39考查冠词。句意：来自中国的支持也以

50、其他更加具体的方式出现，大部分的锦标赛场馆、及其住宿设施和官方运输系统都有来自中国建设商和中国供应商的贡献。“以某种方式”的表达为in a way, 故填a。40考查名词修饰名词。句意：来自中国的支持也以其他更加具体的方式出现，大部分的锦标赛场馆、及其住宿设施和官方运输系统都有来自中国建设商和中国供应商的贡献。此处用名词修饰名词facilities，往往是说明其中名词的用途，故填accommodation。41考查分词。句意：来自中国的支持也以其他更加具体的方式出现，大部分的锦标赛场馆、及其住宿设施和官方运输系统都有来自中国建设商和中国供应商的贡献。在with的复合结构中，feature意为“

51、以为特征”，与前面的逻辑主语存在主动关系，使用其现在分词形式，故填featuring。42考查定语从句。句意：比如，计划举办吸引人的决赛八万坐席的卢塞尔体育馆是由中国铁路国际部设计建造的，使用了先进的能源节约技术和可持续发展的材料。名词后面出现了非限制性定语从句，只能用which引导且作主语，故填which。43考查可数名词。句意：比如，计划举办吸引人的决赛八万坐席的卢塞尔体育馆是由中国铁路国际部设计建造的，使用了先进的能源节约技术和可持续发展的材料。名词技术technology为可数名词，根据语义和可数名词的性质，此处应使用其复数形式，故填technologies。44考查非谓语。句意：坐落于海湾体育馆附近的多哈公园，熊猫屋是中国大熊猫的家园，包括三岁的母熊猫四海和四岁的公熊猫京京，分析句子结构可知，句子前半部分为非谓语作地点状语，根据系表结构“be located at”意为“坐落于”，故填Located。45考查形容词。句意：中国裁判马宁和助理裁判员曹毅和史翔已经被指派为2022年足球世界杯的裁判。形容词修饰名词，assistant意为“助理的”，故填assistant。