专题50 安全与救护-备战2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题 体裁分类训练(高考模拟 名校真题).docx

1、备战2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(高考模拟+名校真题)专题50 安全与救护（2021重庆市第七中学校高一阶段练习）Everybody hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals of the world Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey rats will soon be mans new best friends.What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs sa

2、ve lives. They help rescue workers to find living people. But dogs are big and they cant get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rats brain gives a signal

3、. This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rats brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelt that person.Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Corne

4、ll University, New York, says, “Robots noses dont work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they dont need electricity!The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of I

5、nternational Rescue Corps in Scotland says, “It would be fantastic. A rat could get into spaces we couldnt get to, and a rat would get out if it wasnt safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).1In the world

6、 earthquake capitals, rats will become popular because they can _.Aget into small spacesBtake the place of rescue workersCfind food for survivors trapped in buildingsDfind the position of survivors trapped in buildings2From the third paragraph we know rescuers can judge a person is alive by _.Athe n

7、oise made by the ratBthe rats unusual behaviorCthe signal sent by the radio on the ratDthe smell given off by the person trapped3After reading the passage we know that now _.Apeople still use dogs and robots in rescue workBthe “rat project” has been completed alreadyCrats have replaced dogs in searc

8、hing for peopleDpeople are happy to see a rat in a building4The main idea of the passage is about _ in an earthquake.Athe importance of training ratsBthe role rats will playCways of rescuing peopleDthe reason for not using dogs（2022重庆市第七中学校高二阶段练习）As 17-year-old Torriell Norwood drove through Florida

9、, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached an intersection, another car T-boned them, sending their car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.As smoke rose fr

10、om the car, a bystander shouted, “Its about to explode! Get out!” Shaken, but otherwise OK, Norwood crawled out through the window as the drivers side door couldnt be opened. Along with two of her friends, whod also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life. But halfway down the street, she r

11、ealized that her best friend, Simmons, wasnt with them. Norwood ran back and found Simmons unconscious in the back seat. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. After checking her pulse and found there was no sign o

12、f life, she started CPR.Had the accident happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But just the day before, Norwood, who wanted to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate by learning on her own. Kneeling on the ground and looking down at her dying friend,

13、 Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what shed learned.She started pumping Simmonss chest with her interlocked fingers and breathing into her friends mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. After quite a while, Simmons began coughing and taking quick deep breaths

14、 for air. The CPR had worked! Soon, the ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I wasnt shocked,” Simmons told others. “She will always help any way she can.”5What caused the car crash?AThe girls were too excited to notice ano

15、ther car.BNorwood drove the car too quickly that day.CNorwoods car crashed into a tree in a yard.DAnother car hit Norwoods car near the intersection.6Whats Norwoods immediate reaction after hearing the bystanders warning?AShe crawled out through the window and looked for her friends.BShe ran for her

16、 life but turned back to save her friend.CShe dragged her friends out and performed CPR at once.DShe opened the drivers side door and pulled her friend out.7Why did Norwood know how to perform CPR?AShe had learned CPR in school classes.BShe just received her CPR certificate.CThe bystander told her h

17、ow to do it.DShe pursued a career in medicine.8Whats the best title of the passage?ABreath of Life.BA Frightening Night.CPower of Knowledge.DAn Admirable Girl.（2022海南嘉积中学高二阶段练习）The life of a premature(早产的)baby born during the winter storm in Texas was saved thanks to a team of medical professionals,

18、 including a doctor and two nurses who traveled from east Austin to Marble Falls in an effort to save a newborn babys life.When Arias began experiencing pains, she and her parents headed to the closest hospital, Baylor Scott & White. Arias gave birth to her daughter, Zaylynn, who weighed just over o

19、ne pound and was in need of advanced special care. However, the hospital does not offer the specialized care premature babies require.We had five or six people out at the nurses station calling hospital networks all over the state of Texas, said Meredith Schubert, the labor and delivery nurse on dut

20、y when Arias arrived. Nobody could answer our cry for help.They finally reached Dr. John Loyd through a patient, division neonatologist chief at Dell Childrens Medical Center in Austin, Texas. Around 5 p.m., after already having worked a full shift, Loyd packed his SUV with equipment and he and two

21、NICU nurses set out for Marble Falls, about 55 miles away. The drive took Loyd and the nurses about two hours as they drove in the night through ice and snow.After safely arriving at the Marble Falls medical center around 8 p.m., the Dell Childrens crew set up a temporary newborn ICU. Together, the

22、Dell Childrens and Baylor Scott & White teams worked around the clock to care for the mother and daughter.Once the weather cleared enough to allow for a helicopter to safely land, Zaylynn was transferred to Dell Childrens, where there is a Level IV newborn intensive care unit.It was incredible when

23、the helicopter lifted off. There were tears from all of us, said Schubert. It was a huge relief and sense of accomplishment and joy that Zaylynn was doing so well and getting to the place that she needed to be.Arias told KVUE that she was grateful to the doctors and nurses who worked together to sav

24、e her daughter.9What did the newborn baby need badly?AProfessional surgery.BSpecial intensive nursing.CImmediate transfer.DExperienced doctors.10Which word best describes Schuberts cry for help before reaching Loyd?ATimely.BHopeful.CDesperate.DEncouraging.11What was the most touching part about Loyd

25、?AHe came with all the necessary equipment.BHe tried his best to maintain his honor.CHe had enough bravery to drive at night.DHe drove to rescue at night in severe weather.12What made the doctors and nurses feel a sense of relief?AThe fine weather.BThe babys improvement.CThe takeoff of the helicopte

26、r.DThe babys arrival at its destination.（2022吉林辽源高二期末）First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway, and breathing. In mino

27、r emergencies, first aid may prevent a victims condition from worsening and provide relief from pain. First aid must be given as quickly as possible. In the case of seriously injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.First aid measures depend upon a vi

28、ctims needs and providers level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal (脊柱的)injury. Despite the variety of injuries possible, several basic rules of

29、 first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious(有意识的), should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and ask for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess(评估)the scene, asking other people or the injured person

30、s family or friends about details of the injury or illness. The victim should be checked for the medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.First aid requires rapid assessment of vic

31、tims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for assessing a victims condition is known by ABC, which stands for:AAirway: Is it open and clearBBreathing: Is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing. CCirculation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding e

32、xtremely? Check skin color and temperature for additional signs of circulation problems.13How can first aid help victims?ABy sending them to the hospital.BBy providing a surgery for themCBy avoiding their sudden illnesses or injuries.DBy preventing their condition from worsening.14What does the auth

33、or want to tell in the second paragraph?AProviders first aid knowledge and skills are very important.BKnowing what not to do is more important than other skills.CFirst aid should follow the victims words first.DA neck injury is a very serious illness.15What can we learn about ABC?AIt is a first aid

34、brochure.BIt is a kind of assessment method.CC stands for checking the things of victims.DAirway means air environment around victims.16What is the best title for the text?AVarious Emergencies Calling for First AidBThe Importance of First AidCSome Basic Knowledge About First AidDThe History and Deve

35、lopment of First Aid（2021四川达州一模）Basic First Aid StepsFirst Aid for Cardiac Arrests (心搏停止)Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the most important medical step of all. When a persons heart suddenly stops beating, do as follows: Ask someone to call an ambulance. Immediately start chest press regardle

36、ss of your training. Press hard and fast in the center of the chest. Hand this task over to those who are trained if and when they arrive. If you are trained, use chest press and rescue breathing.First Aid for NosebleedsMost of us have had a bloody nose at some time in our lives. The first aid for a

37、 nosebleed includes: Bend the body forward, not back. Hold the nose between the fingers just below the bridge. Check after five minutes to see if bleeding has stopped. If not, continue holding and check after another 10 minutes.First Aid for BurnsThe first step in treating a bum is to stop the burni

38、ng process. Chemicals need to be cleaned off. Electricity needs to be turned off Heat needs to be cooled down with running water. For serious bums, you might need to see a doctor.First Aid for FrostbiteTreating frostbite is a subtle step of gradual wanning. If possible, this should be done by profes

39、sionals. You need to get out of the cold first. Small areas of minor frostbite may be rewarmed by skin-to-skin contact, but avoid using any heat sources or hot packs.17What should an untrained person do first for a cardiac arrest ?AUse rescue breathing.BDo chest press.CCall the victims families.DTak

40、e the victim to hospital.18In which situation should victims pay attention to their body postures?ABums.BFrostbite.CNosebleeds.DCardiac Arrests.19What should be avoided in the first aid for cold injury?AMedicine.BRapid heating.CSkin contact.DWarm clothing.（2022辽宁渤海大学附属高级中学高一期末）As 17-year-old Norwood

41、 drove through St. Petersburg, Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to sharp cries. A car behind heavily hit them, sending their black car into a tree five meters away. As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander (旁观者) shouted

42、, “Its about to blow up! Get out!”Terrified but not hurt, she got out through the window. Along with two of her friends, whod also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life. But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasnt with them. Norwood ran back and found Si

43、mmons stuck in the back seat. “She wasnt moving,” Norwood told Inside Edition. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, trying to avoid the broken glass.She dragged Simmons to safety and placed her on the ground. “I put my head against her chest. No sign of life. Thats when I started

44、CPR (心肺复苏术).” Norwood, who longed to have a career in medicine, had passed the national CPR test just the day before.Looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had only a little time to practice what shed learned. She started pumping Simmonss chest and breathing into her friends mouth. No re

45、sponse. She tried again and again. Slowly, Simmons began coughing and opening her mouth for air. The CPR worked! Soon, doctors arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I wasnt shocked,” Simmons told CNN. “She will always help any way she

46、 can.”20What is the best title for the text?ABreath of LifeBA career in medicineCA Car AccidentDPractice what one learns21Why did a bystander shout to the teenagers?ATheir car broke down.BThey sat by a smoking flat.CTheir lives were in danger.DThey blocked the traffic.22What happened to Simmons in t

47、he accident?AShe fell out of the car and struck her head.BShe became unaware of the surroundings.CShe was unable to move in the front seat.DShe got seriously hurt but wide awake.23How can we describe Norwoods CPR practice?AUnskilled but practical.BTypical but useless.CStrange but successful.DRepeate

48、d but effective.（2022浙江长兴县教育研究中心高二期中）There are people for whom the motivation lies in their family or companions duties. For some people, the purpose lies in a souls spiritual awakening. Brent Clayton, a firefighter by profession, is one such individual who found his purpose early in life and kept w

49、orking to fulfill it.Born on March 3, 1984, Clayton hugely felt the need to serve others. He followed his mission in life and acquired his diploma in Public Safety. He gradually realized the importance of securing peoples lives, which strengthened his faith in his mission. Clayton further pursued hi

50、s bachelors degree from the University of Melbourne and masters degree from Federation University. Then, Clayton worked in the military for a period before moving into a role with the prison service as a prison guard, the youngest person to ever be employed by the service at the time.After spending

51、a decade in the fire service including training and recruitment, he gained enough experience to become Australias most prominent fire service recruitment expert. Clayton devoted many years of his life to the firefighter recruitment process and fire service industry. He wanted people to realize the t

52、rue value of this profession by establishing its significance. To communicate his perspective, Clayton established Fire Recruitment Australia in 2009. He aimed to train the next generation and prepare them for the future. Clayton used his experience and years-long training to prepare candidates who

53、were as enthusiastic about the well-being of the world as him.Keeping the point in mind, Clayton wrote the book Fire Service Recruitmentthe Process to Success. His idea was to join his learnings into an accessible medium so others didnt have to waste years wondering what to do when applying to becom

54、e a firefighter. After the success of the book, Clayton introduced candidates to a comprehensive test preparation and learning suite to facilitate success throughout each stage of the selection process. This platform helped him as well as his candidates to work together for the betterment of themsel

55、ves and ultimately society at large.24What made Claytons belief stronger?AThe military experience.BThe support of his family.CThe knowledge he learned from college.DThe significance of peoples safety.25What does the underlined word“prominent” in paragraph 3 mean?AStubborn.BBrave.COutstanding.DEnerge

56、tic.26Why did Clayton set up Fire Recruitment Australia?ABecause he could earn good reputation.BBecause he wanted to perform academic researches.CBecause he wanted to realize his dream of being a leader.DBecause he hoped to get young people ready for future career.（2021内蒙古临河区第一职业中专高三阶段练习）A nosebleed

57、(鼻出血） can be frightening to get or see，but try to stay calm.Most nosebleeds look much worse than they really are.Almost all nosebleeds can be treated at home.If you get a nosebleed，sit down and lean slightly forward.Keeping your head above your heart will make your nose bleed less.Lean forwards so t

58、hat the blood will flow out of your nose instead of down the back of your throat.If you lean back，you may swallow the blood.This can make you uncomfortable.Use your thumb and index fingers to press together the soft part of your nose.Keep holding your nose until the bleeding stops.Dont let go for at

59、 least 5 minutes.If its still bleeding after that，hold it again for 10 minutes straight.You can also place an ice pack across the toe of your nose.Once the bleeding stops，dont do anything that may make it start again，such as bending over or blowing your nose.The most common causes of nosebleeds are

60、dryness(often caused by indoor heat in the winter)and nose picking.These two things work togethernose picking occurs more often when the liquid in the nose is dry.Other，less common causes include injuries，colds or cocaine use.Children may stick small objects up their nose.Old people may have infecti

61、ons or high blood pressure.The cause of nosebleeds is often unknown.Most nosebleeds arent serious.They occur in the front part of the nose and stop in a few minutes.A few nosebleeds start in large vessels(血管)in the back of the nose，which can be dangerous.They may occur after an injury.This type of n

62、osebleed is more common in the elderly and is often due to high blood pressure，daily aspirin use or bleeding disorders.27According to the text，nosebleeds _.Aare not frightening to get or seeBare usually not serious and can be cured with the right method at homeCmust be treated by doctors in the hosp

63、italDarent dangerous at all28Which of the following is NOT the right way to treat nosebleeds？ACool your nose with ice or other cold things.BPress your nose slightly with your fingers.CLean backwards to slow down the flow of flood.DLean your head forwards，just above your chest.29Whats the main idea o

64、f Paragraph 4？ANosebleeds are caused by some diseases.BNosebleeds are caused by the dry weather.CYour nose may be infected.DThe causes of nosebleed.30Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？AIt may be more dangerous if the back part of your nose bleeds.BNosebleeds can cause the disea

65、se related to blood pressure in older people.CNosebleeds occur to kids because of infections.DMany nosebleeds are not as serious as they look.（2021全国高三课时练习）It was just a normal day for Ruth Miller, a 63-year-old woman until everything went horribly wrong. She was walking to her car after shopping wh

66、en the unthinkable happened.Right as she was unlocking her car, a man quickly came up behind her and tried to wrestle her purse away. She was in a state of shock. Luckily she remembered she had her Safe Personal Alarm (SPA) on her purse, and since she was too scared to scream for help, she quickly r

67、eached for the alarm and pulled the pin (保险栓). Immediately her SPA started just screaming. The man didnt know what to do! He froze for a second, and then ran away like a bat out of hell!SPA is a safety device capable of creating a 125 dB sound that attracts attention and scares away potential attack

68、ers. To compare, its the same volume as a military jet during take-off.Paul Davidson, the inventor of SPA, knows all too well the type of situation that Ruth found herself in. But thats not the only type of situation that SPA helps protect against. Parents can give it to their kids as an extra means

69、 of protection. Teenagers can use it so they can feel safe walking home. Women can know ifs there when they have to use the parking lot at night. “My mother, who is 76 years old, carries it around in case she falls and needs to ask people for help. I only wish Id have thought of it earlier,” said Pa

70、ul.The police have been recommending SPA since it first hit the market. In fact, since its launch, SPA has been in a state, shifting between in stock and sold out nearly every other week, and its also got tons of loyal followers worldwide.31What does the underlined part “the unthinkable” in Paragrap

71、h 1 refer to?AAn attempted robbery.BA wrestling match.CAn angry argument.DA car accident.32How did Ruth react to the unexpected situation?AShe fought violently.BShe froze in great fear.CShe cried desperately for help.DShe sounded her safety device.33Why does Paul mention his mother?ATo imply the eld

72、erly need more care.BTo suggest he cares about his mother.CTo show SPA can be widely used.DTo make an advertisement for SPA34What can be learnt from the text?ASPA is well received in the market.BPeople hesitate to pay for security.CSPA was sold out in the first two weeks.DThe police seldom recommend

73、 products.参考答案：1D2C3A4B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。老鼠在地震后能够成为人类的好帮手。它能帮助定位困住的幸存者，从而方便救援者开展施救工作。1推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Dogs save lives. They help rescue workers to find living people. But dogs are big and they cant get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.”（狗

74、拯救生命。他们帮助救援人员找到活着的人。但是狗太大了，它们无法进入狭小的空间。 所以现在一个新的研究项目正在使用一种更小的动物来拯救生命：老鼠）及第三段描写老鼠救援过程可知，老鼠在地震中能找到被困在建筑物中的幸存者的位置。故选D项。2细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When this happens, the rats brain gives a signal. This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rats brain activity

75、 jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive.”（当这种情况发生时，老鼠的大脑会发出一个信号。这是发送到它背上的一个小型无线电，然后救援人员跟踪无线电信号。当老鼠的大脑活动跳跃时，救援人员就知道有人还活着）可知，救援人员可以通过老鼠身上的无线电信号来判断一个人是否还活着。故选C项。3细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs.”（地震后会发生什么? 我们派出了救援犬）；文章第四段“Although there are already robots

76、which can do this job, rats are better.”（虽然已经有机器人可以做这项工作，但老鼠做得更好）及文章最后一段“The “rat project” is not finished”（“老鼠工程”还没有结束）可以推知，人们在救援工作中仍然使用狗和机器人。故选A项。4主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.”（所以现在一个新的研究项目正在使用一种更小的动物来拯救生命：老鼠）并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了老鼠将在地震救援中

77、扮演的角色。故选B项。5D6B7B8A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了发生车祸后，17岁的Norwood利用自己所学的心肺复苏术及时救助朋友的故事。5细节理解题。由第一段中的“As they approached an intersection, another car T-boned them, sending their car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree. (当她们接近一个十字路口时，另一辆车撞上了她们，把他们的车撞进了附近一户人家

78、的院子，直到撞到一棵树时才停下来)”可知，另一辆车在十字路口附近撞上了Norwood的车，才导致的车祸。故选D项。6细节理解题。由第二段中的“Along with two of her friends, whod also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life. But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasnt with them. Norwood ran back and found Simmons unconscious i

79、n the back seat. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. (她和她的两个朋友一起逃命，她们也设法挣脱了束缚。但走到半路时，她意识到她最好的朋友Simmons没有和她们在一起。Norwood跑了回去，发现Simmons昏迷在后座上。她推开后门，把她的朋友拉了出来。她把Simmons拖了几英尺到安全的地方，把她放在地上)”可知，听到旁观者的警告后，Norwood的立即反应是：

80、她拼命逃命，但又转身去救她的朋友。故选B项。7细节理解题。由第三段中的“But just the day before, Norwood, who wanted to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate by learning on her own. (但就在前一天，想要从事医学职业的Norwood通过自学获得了CPR证书)”可知，因为Norwood刚拿到心肺复苏证书，所以她会做心肺复苏术。故选B项。8主旨大意题。由第一段中的“As they approached an intersection, anothe

81、r car T-boned them (当她们接近一个十字路口时，另一辆车撞上了她们)”，第二段中的“Norwood ran back and found Simmons unconscious in the back seat. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. After checking her pulse and found there was no sign of lif

82、e, she started CPR. (Norwood跑了回去，发现Simmons昏迷在后座上。她推开后门，把她的朋友拉了出来。她把Simmons拖了几英尺到安全的地方，把她放在地上。检查脉搏后发现没有生命迹象，她开始进行CPR)”，和最后一段中的“And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. (然后Simmons听说了她最好的朋友是如何救了她的命)”可知，全文讲了Torriell Norwood在开车遭遇车祸后，冒着车子爆炸的危险救出已经没有气息的朋友，并用自己的急救知识为朋友施行心肺复苏术挽回其生命的故事，所以本文的

83、最佳标题是：生命的呼息。故选A项。9B10C11D12D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。讲述了一个早产儿被成功救治的故事。9细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Arias gave birth to her daughter, Zaylynn, who weighed just over one pound and was in need of advanced special care.(Arias生下了她的女儿Zaylynn，她体重刚刚超过一磅，需要高级特殊护理)”可知，这个新生儿需要特殊的护理。故选B。10推理判断题。根据第三段Schubert说的话“We had five or six p

84、eople out at the nurses station calling hospital networks all over the state of Texas,(我们有五六个人在护士站给德克萨斯州的所有医院打电话)”可知，当时他们急切的寻求外界的帮助。故选C。11细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The drive took Loyd and the nurses about two hours as they drove in the night through ice and snow.(Loyd和护士们在冰雪夜驱车行进了两个小时)”可知，在恶劣天气下，Loyd夜间开车去营救，这

85、种行为很让人感动。故选D。12细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“It was a huge relief and sense of accomplishment and joy that Zaylynn was doing so well and getting to the place that she needed to be.(Zaylynn表现得如此出色，去到了她需要去的地方，这让大家感到巨大的成就感和喜悦，如释重负)”可知，Zaylynn被转移到了目的地，这让大家松了一口气。故选D。13D14A15B16C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些关于急救的基本知识。13细节理

86、解题。根据文章第一段“In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victims condition from worsening and provide relief from pain.（在轻微的紧急情况下，急救可以防止受害者的情况恶化，并减轻疼痛）”可知，急救可以通过防止病情恶化来帮助受害者。故选D。14主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“First aid measures depend upon a victims needs and providers level of knowledge and skill.（急救措施取决于受害者的需要以及

87、提供者的知识和技能水平）”可知，第二段主要告诉我们急救人员的急救知识和技能非常重要。故选A。15细节理解题。根据文章第四段“One method for assessing a victims condition is known by ABC（ABC是评估受害者情况的一种方法）”可知，ABC是一种评估方法。故选B。16主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段“Despite the variety of injuries possible, several basic rules of first aid apply to all emergencies.（尽管可能有各种各样的伤害，但一些

88、基本的急救规则适用于所有的紧急情况）”可知，文章主要介绍了一些基本的急救知识。故选C。17B18C19B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些基本的急救步骤，包括心脏骤停、鼻出血、烧伤以及冻伤的急救。17细节理解题。根据First Aid for Cardiac Arrests部分“Immediately start chest press regardless of your training. Press hard and fast in the center of the chest.”（不管你的训练如何，立即开始胸部按压。用力快速按压胸部中央。）可知，如果没有接受过心脏骤停的急

89、救训练，也应该立即做胸部按压。故选B项。18细节理解题。根据First Aid for Nosebleeds部分“The first aid for a nosebleed includes: Bend the body forward, not back.”（鼻出血的急救包括：身体向前弯曲，不要向后。）可知，鼻出血时，被急救的人需要注意自己的身体姿势。故选C项。19细节理解题。根据First Aid for Frostbite部分“Small areas of minor frostbite may be rewarmed by skin-to-skin contact, but avoid

90、 using any heat sources or hot packs.”（小面积的轻微冻伤可能会通过皮肤对皮肤的接触重新温暖起来，但避免使用任何热源或热敷。）可知，冻伤急救中应该避免热源或者热敷。故选B项。20A21C22B23D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文,讲述了发生车祸后, 17岁的Norwood利用自己所学的心肺复苏术及时救助朋友的故事。20主旨大意题。根据最后一段“She started pumping Simmonss chest and breathing into her friends mouth. No response. She tried again and aga

91、in. Slowly, Simmons began coughing and opening her mouth for air. The CPR worked!(她开始按压Simmons 的胸部，进行人工呼吸。没有反应。她反复做。慢慢地，Simmons开始咳嗽，睁眼呼吸。心肺复苏术成功了)”可知，她利用自己所学的知识挽救了朋友的生命。因此A. Breath of Life(生命的呼吸)符合语境，适合作标题。故选A。21细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander (旁观者) shouted, Its about t

92、o blow up! Get out!”可知，旁观者看到从其它车里往外冒烟，有可能爆炸，觉得他们很危险，就提醒他们赶快逃离。故选C。22细节理解题。根据第二段“Norwood ran back and found Simmons stuck in the back seat.”以及“She wasnt moving,”和第三段中“ No sign of life.”可知，Simmons被卡在后排座位上，不能移动，Norwood将她拖出后发现她没有生命的迹象。由此可知，Simmons当时已经失去意识。故选B。23推理判断题。根据最后一段“She started pumping Simmonss

93、chest and breathing into her friends mouth. No response. She tried again and again. Slowly, Simmons began coughing and opening her mouth for air. The CPR worked!(她开始按压Simmons 的胸部，进行人工呼吸。没有反应。她反复做。慢慢地，Simmons开始咳嗽，睁眼呼吸。心肺复苏术成功了)”可知，她的营救过程很艰难，不断地去做，最后终于救活了朋友。因此D. Repeated but effective. (重复地以及有效的)符合语境。

94、故选D。24D25C26D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了职业消防员Brent Clayton认识到人们安全的重要性，花了多年时间投入消防员招募过程和消防服务行业，他的目标是培养下一代，为未来做好准备。24细节理解题。根据第二段中“He gradually realized the importance of securing peoples lives, which strengthened his faith in his mission.(他逐渐认识到保障人民生命安全的重要性，这加强了他对自己使命的信念)”可知，是人们安全的重要性让Clayton的信念更加坚定。故选D。2

95、5词句猜测题。根据第三段画线词前半句“After spending a decade in the fire service including training and recruitment, he gained enough experience to become Australias most prominent fire service recruitment expert. Clayton devoted many years of his life to the firefighter recruitment process and fire service industry.

96、(他在消防部门，包括培训和招聘，工作了十年，积累了足够的经验，成为澳大利亚最prominent消防部门招聘专家。Clayton将他生命中的许多年奉献给了消防员招募过程和消防服务行业)”可知，Clayton在消防员招募过程和消防服务行业投入了多年的时间，所以他积累了足够的经验，成为澳大利亚最杰出的消防招聘专家。所以prominent意思是“杰出的”。故选C。26细节理解题。根据第三段中“To communicate his perspective, Clayton established Fire Recruitment Australia in 2009. He aimed to train

97、the next generation and prepare them for the future.(为了传达他的观点，Clayton在2009年成立了澳大利亚消防招聘组织。他的目标是培养下一代，为未来做好准备)”可知，Clayton设立澳大利亚消防招聘组织是因为他希望让年轻人为未来的职业生涯做好准备。故选D。27B28C29D30A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是流鼻血的家庭治疗方法和流鼻血的原因。27细节理解题。根据第一段的“Most nosebleeds look much worse than they really are.Almost all nosebleeds

98、can be treated at home.（大多数流鼻血看起来比实际情况严重得多。几乎所有的流鼻血都可以在家里治疗。）”可知，流鼻血通常不严重，可以在家里用正确的方法治愈，故选B。28细节理解题。根据第二段的“If you get a nosebleed，sit down and lean slightly forward.Keeping your head above your heart will make your nose bleed less.（如果你流鼻血，坐下来，身体微微前倾。把你的头放在心脏上方会减少你的鼻血。）”和第三段的“Use your thumb and index

99、 fingers to press together the soft part of your nose.（用你的拇指和食指把鼻子的柔软部分压在一起。）”和“You can also place an ice pack across the toe of your nose.（你也可以在鼻子上放一个冰袋。）”可知，流鼻血的时候不能向后仰而是向前倾，因此C选项不是正确的治疗流鼻血的方法，故选C。29主旨大意题。根据第四段的“The most common causes of nosebleeds are dryness(often caused by indoor heat in the wi

100、nter)and nose picking.（流鼻血最常见的原因是干燥(通常是由于冬季室内高温造成的)和抠鼻子）”可知，本段主要讲的是流鼻血的常见原因，故选D。30细节理解题。根据最后一段的“A few nosebleeds start in large vessels in the back of the nose，which can be dangerous.（少量流鼻血始于鼻后部的大血管，这可能是危险的。）”可知，如果你的鼻子后面流血可能更危险。故选A。31A32D33C34A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章以Ruth Miller遭遇抢劫为例子，引出了SPA这种安全装置，主要介绍

101、了它的功能和应用领域。它可以发出125分贝的声音，吸引别人的注意并吓跑潜在的攻击者，目前非常受欢迎。31词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Right as she was unlocking her car, a man quickly came up behind her and tried to wrestle her purse away. (就在她打开车门的时候，一名男子迅速从她身后走过，试图抢走她的钱包)”以及“ran away (逃跑了)”可知，一个男人试图抢走Ruth Miller的钱包，但是没有成功。从而推知，画线短语“the unthinkable”指的是“一次未遂抢劫”。故选A项

102、。32细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Luckily she remembered she had her Safe Personal Alarm (SPA) on her purse, and since she was too scared to scream for help, she quickly reached for the alarm and pulled the pin. (幸运的是，她记得她的钱包上有她的安全个人警报器，由于她太害怕了，不敢大声呼救，她迅速伸手去拿警报器，拔下了保险栓)”可知，发生这个意外的情况后，Ruth按响了她的安全装置。故选D项。33推理判断题。根据文章倒

103、数第二段“Parents can give it to their kids as an extra means of protection. Teenagers can use it so they can feel safe walking home. Women can know ifs there when they have to use the parking lot at night. (父母可以把它给孩子作为额外的保护手段。青少年可以使用它，这样他们可以安全地步行回家。女人们可以在晚上使用停车场时知道那里的情况)”以及“My mother, who is 76 years ol

104、d, carries it around in case she falls and needs to ask people for help. (我76岁的母亲随身携带着它，以防摔倒，需要别人帮助)”可推知，Paul提到他的母亲是为了说明SPA用途很广泛。故选C项。34推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“shifting between in stock and sold out nearly every other week, and its also got tons of loyal followers worldwide. (一直处于一种几乎每隔一周就会补一次货的状态，而且它在世界各地也有大量的忠实用户)”可推知，SPA在市场上很受欢迎。故选A项。