全国一卷阅读理解真题改编.docx

1、目录：真题：1词汇讲解2词汇清单：2真题改编13改错：13填空14词汇练习：15翻译：15选词填空（注意部分词的变化）：15词的适当形式或介词填空：16真题：2019全国卷一：A Washington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.

2、C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular mon

3、uments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour

4、 is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）ma

5、ke cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the N

6、ational Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington,

7、 D.C.B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting storie

8、s.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals D. Safety lights答案：21-23ADD词汇讲解词汇清单：1、 blossom2、 guide3、 provide4、 reserve5、 spot6、 availability7、 capital8、 view9、 explore10、 unique11、 experience12、 knowledgeable13、 comfortable14、 smooth15、 route16

9、、 frequent17、 equip18、 reflective19、 advance1、blossom n. 花，群花；开花时期，（发育的）初期；兴旺时期；vi.（植物）开花；繁荣，兴旺；长成；The trees are inblossom.树上鲜花盛开。Rain begins to fall and peach treesblossom.开始下雨了，桃树也开花了2、guide n. 导游，指导者v. 指导这样的词还有：graduate（n. 毕业生，v. 毕业），judge（n. 法官，v. 判断）guide-guidanceperformperformanceresist-resist

10、anceassistassistanceappear-appearancepreferpreferenceexist-existencerefer-referenceoccur-occurrencediffer-difference辨析：guide, conduct, lead 作为动词三者都有“领 “导 或“引 的含义.它们的区别在于:guide (抽象名词guidance,具体名词guide “向导 ) 是通用词.可以用于“为别人带路 “指导别 人的学习.品行修养.它的内涵是避免走弯路或遇到危险.conduct (抽象名词conductance“传导 力 ,具体名词conductor向导者

11、 .公共汽车等的“售 票员 ) 在表示“指导.引导 时含有明显的主从关系. 即被引导者不服从是不可以的.lead (抽象名词 leadership领导 ,具体名词leader领袖.领队 )可以 表示“领导.带路 .但它总含有领导者走在前面.而把被领导者控制在自己的权威之下或被领导者处于秩序井然的状态中的意思. Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. 数千只灯笼慢慢向大海漂去，给死人返回阴间指明道路. At the top

12、of the bank my guide paused and looked back at me. 我的向导在河岸上稍停了一下.并且回头看了看我. He is now studying under the guidance of Professor Green. 他现在正在格林教授的指导下学习.3、provide1) provide作提供；供给讲时，常用于以下结构：a) 接名词作宾语。Itissaidthatthemanagementwillprovidefoodanddrink.据说管理部门将供应饮食。b) 用于providesth.forsb.结构，即向某人提供某物，也可用provide

13、sb.withsth.结构。这两者意思相同，可互换，但介词不可混淆。Theyprovidedsomenecessarysupportforthesufferers.他们为受难者提供了一些必要的援助。2) provide作规定讲时，其后通常接从句作宾语。Thelocallawprovidesthatvaluableancientbuildingsmustbeprotectedbythegovernment.当地法律规定，政府必须保护那些有价值的古建筑。3) provide常用的习语结构：a）provideagainst.为.作好准备；预防.。Weshouldtryourbesttoprovide

14、againstthereturnofbirdflu.我们应该尽最大努力来预防禽流感的再次发生。b）providefor提供生活费，养活。Heprovidedforhisfamilybysellingnewspapers.他靠卖报来养活他的家人。4) provide的过去分词形式provided和V-ing形式providing均可作连词，用来引导条件从句，意为如果.的话；只要.。可直接接从句，也可加上that，二者可互换，但在正式文体中多用provided。Iwillagreetogoproviding(that)myexpensesarepaid.只要为我负担费用，我就同意去。辨析：supp

15、ly:供给,供应,提供(+to/for/with)Our farm supplied the market with fruits and vegetables.Offer:提供；出价；试图。在表示“提供”的意思的时候，两个词基本上都可以混用， 但offer中含更多的主动提供的意思，并且主语一般是人。offer还可以表示“开出的条件，出价”的意思：He refused the offer from his supervisor, and insist to quit. 他拒绝了主管开出的条件，坚持要辞职。4、reservevt. (及物动词) 保留，预定We reserve the right

16、 to lodge a claim for loss.我们保留要求赔偿损失的权利。Reserve double room June fourth to tenth.预订双人房间，六月四日至十日。n. (名词)预备区，贮存，保护区He has played very well on the reserve side but this chance in the first team should put him on his mettle.他在候补队中表现非常出色，但这次作为正式队员参赛将对他的能力进行考验。The army should be equipped with sufficient

17、war reserves.军队应该得到充足的军需储备品。词义辨析v. (动词)reserve, book book和reserve都表示”预订(车船票戏院等),有时两者可通用,但列车上的老弱病残者”座位不能用book,而只能用reserve。例如:Some seats on train are reserved for the old and handicapped列车上有些座位是留给老人和残疾人的。reserve, keep, preserve, retain，store这组词都有保存”保留”或保持的意思。其区别在于:keep指把某一事物置于自己的权力或管理之下;retain和reserve

18、同义,均指继续保持”或保存某事物, retain是较为正式的用语,还可指记住某事;retain含有不失去的意味; reserve则强调继续保持而不致失去; preserve指把某物收藏或保存好，强调防止破坏作用,要采取措施使某物完好无损或质量不变。例如: His business has been taken over by a big corporation, but he still retains some control over it.他的商店被-家大公司接管了,但他仍保留部分控制store 主要指货物储藏、保存在（商店）仓库里5、spotn.地点，场所;斑点，污点;股票现货;职位，

19、职务v.弄上污渍，弄上斑点;污辱，玷污;认出，发现;散步adj.现场的;现货的;插播的第三人称单数： spots 复数： spots 现在分词： spotting 过去式： on the spot 当场；当下immediately；在现场 比如：an on-the-spot report现场报道词语辨析 dot mark spotdot 指点、小点、小圆点，尤指印出来的点：mark 指人或动物身上的斑、记号、色斑：spot 指污迹、污渍、污点：6、availability n. 有效；有益；可利用性；可得到的东西（或人）Theavailabilityof nursery school plac

20、es varies widely across London.伦敦幼儿园的分布非常不均衡。Id better just check myavailabilityfor next week.我最好看看下周是否有空闲。availableSince1978,theamountofmoneyavailabletobuybookshasfallenby 17% 自1978年以来，可用于采购图书的经费已经减少了17%MrLeachisonholidayandwasnotavailableforcomment.利奇先生休假了，不方便作出评论。Thank to recentresearch,effective

21、treatmentsareavailable.多亏近来的研究才有了有效的疗法。avail n效用，利益 vt.& vi.有益于，有益于;使对某人有利I apologizedrepeatedly,buttolittleavail. 我一再道歉，但丝毫没有奏效。How many students can avail themselves of this opportunity each year? 每年多少学生能够利用这种机会？7、capitaln.资本; 首都; 资源; 大写字母;adj.资本的; 首都的; 极好的; 死刑的;Companies are having difficulty in

22、raising capital. 各公司融资困难。Capital and output ratios, especially in those industries which imports technologies, tend to decline. 资本与产出的比率,尤其是在引进技术的企业中呈下降趋势!Telegrams are usually typed out in capital letters. 电报通常都用大写字母打出。Thats really a capital idea! 那真是个绝妙的想法！fund英文意思：Funds are amounts of money that

23、are available to be spent, especially money that is given to an organization or person for a particular purpose. (尤指为特定目的而给予某组织的) 资金capital英文意思：Capital is a large sum of money which you use to start a business, or which you invest in order to make more money. 资本; 资金由以上英文解释，可以发现：capital仅仅表示用于商业贸易以及某些

24、经济方面的资金，而fund则指用于某种用途的资金，平时使用时多用在公益方面词义辨析：capital: n. 首都, 首府, 大写字母, 资本, 资金, 资产adj. 首都的, 重要的, 死罪的, 大写的, 极好的caption n. 标题，说明, 字幕vt. 加上标题, 加上说明captain n. 队长, 首领, 船长, 机长, (空军, 海军)上校, (陆军)上尉v.指挥, 统帅8、viewn. (名词) 视野，见解，风景，方法1. The valley was hidden from view in the mist.溪谷隐没在雾霭之中，看不见了。2. His view of life

25、is different from yours.他的人生观与你的不同。v. (动词)考虑，看，把.视为1. We can view the problem in many ways.我们可以从名方面来老点汶此问颗2. We view every customer as a partner.我们将每一位客户视为合作伙伴。词义辨析,opinion，view， idea这些名词均含”意见、看法、见解”之意。opinion普通用词，使用广泛，多指初步的或缺证据支持因而不十分肯定的意见或看法。view侧重指个人对较广泛或重大问题所持的看法，常用复数形式。idea普通用词，通常指凭感觉和想象所形成的看法或

26、意见。scene，view，sight， scenery， landscape这些名词均含”景色、风景之意。scene指具体的、局部的或-一时的景色，可以是自然形成的，也可人工造成的。view普通和词，多指从远处或高处所见的景色。sight侧;重指旅游观光的风光，包括城市景色或自然风光景色。也指人造景物或奇特的景色。scenery指一个国家或某一地区的整体自然风景。landscape多指在内陆的自然风光。9、explorevi.勘查， 探测， 勘探;医探查（伤处等），探索，研究vt.探索， 探究， 仔细查看名词：exploration 注意不要和explode和exploration弄混We

27、set out on this voyage of exploration with an open mind.我们以开放的心态开始了这次探索之旅。同义词辨析investigate examine explore investigatev.调查辨析指查明事故、犯罪、科学问题等的真相。examine v. 检查，审查表示仔细、彻底地查看某物，以便发现更多信息。explorev.考察，勘查指走访并探察某地以了解相关信息。10、unique adj. 唯一的，仅有的;独一无二的，独特的;不平常的，特别的;超绝Each persons signature is unique.每个人的签名都是独一无二的

28、。Bretts vocals are just unique.布雷特的歌声无与伦比。Theareahasitsownuniquelanguage,Catalan. 这个地区有自己单独的语言，加泰罗尼亚语。Each time I returned I was struck by the uniqueness of Australia and its people.每次返回，我都会惊讶于澳大利亚及其国民的与众不同注意：unique 前面用冠词a，这类的词还有university， useful， usual，uniform， European等11、experiencen.经验，体验; 经历，阅历

29、;vt.感受; 亲身参与，亲身经历; 发现;experience作“(一次)经历；体验”解时,是可数名词；作“经验”解时,是不可数名词.例如：It was her first experience of living alone. 那是她第一次单独生活.She has years of experience in teaching. 她有多年的教学经验.experience作及物动词时,意为“经历；经受；遭受；体验”.例如；Everyone experiences these problems at some time in their lives.每个人在人生的某个阶段都会经历这些问题.12

30、、knowledgeable 博学的，有见识的I do not respect him because he is knowledgeable. 我并非因为他有学问而尊敬他。Not knowledgeable or skilled; inexperienced.没有知识或技巧的;无经验的He is knowledgeable about the biology of the honeybee. 他对蜜蜂的生活规律知之甚多。常见的不可数名词：advice, homework, housework, knowledge, information, money, news, progress, eq

31、uipment, water13、comfortableadj 舒服的，舒适的，使人舒服的安逸的，安乐的，自在的，愉快放松的comfort n.舒适;安慰;使人舒服的事物;给予援助或安慰的人或事vt. 安慰，使舒适;使（痛苦等）缓和comfortably adv.uncomfortable adj.14、smooth adj. 光滑的;流畅的;柔软的;温和的，安详的,vt.使平滑;排除，消除;安抚，平息;使优雅 vi.变平和，变缓和n.平地，平面smoothly adv. The plane made a smooth landing.飞机平稳降落。The cars improved susp

32、ension gives you a smoother ride.汽车悬架经过改进，乘坐起来更平稳15、routen. 航线;路;（公共汽车和列车等的）常规路线;渠道，途径vt.按某路线发送;给规定路线次序，程序Satellites route data all over the globe.卫星向全球各地传递信息。They changedtheirrouteandwenttoHangzhou. 他们改道去杭州了。注意：routine n.常规;例行程序;生活乏味;（演出中的）一套动作adj.常规的;例行的;日常的;普通的We are trying to get the baby into a

33、 routine for feeding and sleeping.我们试着让婴儿按时进食和睡觉She needed a break from routine .她需要摆脱一下刻板的生活16、frequentadj.频繁的，时常发生的，常见的; （脉搏等） 急促的，快的;vt.常到，光顾，常与交往; 常去，时常出入于;Bordeaux is on the main Paris-Madrid line so there are frequent trains. 波尔多位于巴黎到马德里的铁路主干线上，来往列车频繁。The jet-setting couple made frequent appea

34、rances in the gossip columns. 这对穿梭于各国的富豪夫妇经常出现在八卦专栏。注意不要和fluent弄混17、equipvt. (及物动诃) 装备，具备短语：be equipped with用.装备They cant afford to equip their army.他们无力装备自己的军队。名词：equipment注意：equip的过去式和分词需要双写p，equipment为不可数名词，短文改错中要注意。18、reflectiveadj.沉思的；深思的 thinking deeply about things（指物体表面）反射热的，反光的reflection n.

35、 反射；沉思reflect vt. & vi. 反射（光、热、声或影像）;考虑reflect on 反省;仔细想; 回忆Thestartofanewyearisagoodtimetoreflectonthemanyachievementsofthepast 新年伊始是反思过去一年诸多成就的好时机Ioftenreflectonthebeautyandcomplexityoflife. 我经常思考人生的美丽与复杂。19、advance vt.预付;提出;（使）前进;将提前vi.（数量等）增加;向前推（至下一步）;上涨n.增长;借款;（价格、价值的）上涨;预付款adj. 预先的;先行的Medical

36、technologyhasadvancedconsiderably 医学技术突飞猛进。Iadvancedhimsomemoney,whichhewouldrepayonourwayhome 我先借给他一些钱，在我们回家的路上他会还给我的。Toomuchproteininthedietmayadvancetheageingprocess饮食中摄入过量蛋白质可能会加速衰老Shewaspaida100,000advanceforhernexttwonovels. 她接下来的两部小说得到了10万英镑的预付稿费。注意： in advance提前= ahead of time/ scheduleEvery

37、thinghasbeenfixedinadvance. 一切都是事先确定好了的。Ihadaskedeveryonetosubmitquestionsinadvanceofthemeeting.我已请每个人在会议之前提交问题。Thesubjectofthetalkisannouncedaweekinadvance. 会谈的主题已提前一周宣布。advanced adj. 先进的;高等的，高深的;年老的;晚期的Thelabhasrecentlybeenupdatedtoallowformoreadvancedcourses. 实验室最近经过更新，可以上更高阶的课程了Theyhavetohaveaba

38、sicunderstandingofcomputersinordertousetheadvancedtechnology. 要想利用先进技术，他们必须先对计算机有个基本的了解。真题改编改错：A Washington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see _1_ world-famous cherry trees _2_ beautiful flowers of Washingt

39、on, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments _3_ they blossom. _4_(reserve) Reserve your spot before _5_(available) the cherry _6_(blossom) disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a _7_(guide) bike tour and view

40、some of _8_(popular) monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide _9_(share) unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies _10_bottled water.答案：1. the 2. with 3. where 4. Reserve 5. availability 6. blossoms7.

41、 guided. 8. the most popular. 9. shares. 10. and填空Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hours Morning and Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and local looking to experience Washington, D.C. in healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will en

42、tertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortably bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）makes cycling between the sites fun and relaxed.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7miles)Join in a small group bike tour for an e

43、vening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Getting up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops were made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water.

44、All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safe lights.答案：1 and-or. 2 local-locals. 3 in后面加a. 4 comfortably-comfortable5 makes-make. 6. relaxed-relaxing. 7. Join in 中的in去掉 8 Getting-Get. 9 wereare. 10 safe-safety词汇练习：翻译：1、 网络给我们提供了所有我们需要的信息.2、 我已在饭店预订了一桌菜。3、 他当场就回答了那个问题。4、 我们一来到岛上就急不可耐地开始探胜5、

45、 水平如镜选词填空（注意部分词的变化）：blossom. in advance of. avail. routine. route. reflect. spot. view. scene. scenery. sight. capital. unique. reserve.1、What began as a local festival has_ into an international event.（翻译：最初的地方节日已经发展成了国际性盛会。）2、Studentsareaskedtopreparematerial _eachweeklyseminar. （翻译：学生要在上每星期的研讨课前备

46、好材料。）3、So many daysare_anduninteresting,especiallyinwinter.（许多日子都过得平淡乏味，尤其是在冬天。）4、Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful _There are a lot of tourist attractions here，among which the West Lake is one. If you stand on the top of Leifeng Pagoda, youll get a good of it. You can see the boats on the lake m

47、aking a beautiful _Welcome to Hangzhou and see the_of it.5、Iwalkedonina_moodtothecar. （我心事重重地向车子走去。）6、 Motorists are advised to find an alternative_.（建议驾驶者换一条路线）7、 His effortsweretono_.（他徒劳无功。）8、Telegrams are usually typed out in _letters. （电报通常都用大写字母打出。）9、The preview offers a _opportunity to see th

48、e show without the crowds.（预展提供了看展览但不挨挤的难得机会。）10、I finally_ my friend in the crowd. （我终于在人群中看见了我的朋友。）11、The area has been designated as natural_.（该地区已被指定为一个自然保护区。）词的适当形式或介词填空：1. People came from all over the world （view）her work.人们从世界各地涌来欣赏她的作品。2. John is very （knowledge）about classical music.约翰对古典音

49、乐有丰富的知识。3. He is equipped much experience in teaching. 他具有丰富的教学经验。4. Menssocial determinestheirconsciousness.人们的社会存在决定人们的意识。5. There was （frequency）thunder and lightning, and torrential rain. 雷电交加，大雨倾盆。6. Allescape （route）wereblockedbyarmedpolice. 所有逃跑的路都被武警封锁了。7.Withoutmoretrainingor （advance）techn

50、icalskills,theylllosetheirjobs. 没有进一步的培训或高级技能的话，他们就会丢掉工作。8. They are introducing new measures to ensure the （smoothly）running of the business.他们正采取新措施，以确保公司平稳运转9. I became (comfort)aware that the people at the next table were watching me.觉察到邻桌的人在看我，我感到很不自在。10. Itistimetoreflect arapidlychangingworld

51、. 是时候对这个快速变化的世界进行反思了。11、I just want to check on the （available）of that service.我就是想核实一下那项服务是否可用。12、He has many interesting （experience）in his life.他的一生中有很多有趣的经历.答案：翻译：1、Internet provide us with all the information we need.2、I have reserved a table at the restaurant.3、He answered the question on the

52、spot. 4、As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to explore.5、The water was as smooth as glass.选词填空：1、blossomed. 2、in advance of 3、routine 4、sceneryviewscenesights5、 reflective 6、route. 7、 avail. 8、capital. 9、unique10、spotted. 11、reserve.词的适当形式填空1、 to view2、 knowledgeable3、 with4、 frequent5、 existence6、 routes7、 advanced8、 smooth9、 uncomfortably10、 on11、 availability12、 experiences