北师大版高中英语必修一第9讲：Unit3 Celebration-语法篇（学生版）.docx

1、Unit 3 Celebration 语法篇 _1、掌握一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，过去将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时及其被动语态的用法。2、掌握情态动词must, have to, can, could及ought to的用法。一， 被动语态1. 被动语态的概念：当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语的形式叫做被动语态。2. 被动语态的构成：助动词be（或get）+过去分词，助动词be（或get）有时态，人称和数的变化。3. 被动语态的形式：一般现在时：am/is/are done一般过去时：was/were done一般将来时：will/shall be don

2、e过去将来时：would be done现在进行时：am/is/are being done过去进行时：was/were being done现在完成时：has/have been done过去完成时：had been done经典例句：Fast food is served here. 这儿卖快餐。The new film will be shown next week. 这部新电影将会在下周放映。The concert has been put off till next week. 音乐会已经被推迟到下周了。4. 何种情况下使用被动语态：当不知道或没有必要说出动作的执行者，或者动作本身更

3、为重要时，动词使用被动语态。例：Too much books have been written about the Second World War. 关于第二次世界大战的书太多了。5. 主动形式表被动意义：系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste等+形容词构成系表结构：Steel feels cold. 钢摸起来很凉。表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如read, write, wash, sell, wear, cook, lock, shut, open, dry, drink等，这类动词一般不单独使用，常有副词修饰：The cloth washes well.

4、 这种布料好洗。表示开始，结束，运动的动词，如：begin, start, end, finish, close, stop, move, run等：Work begins at 7 oclock in the morning. 早上7点开始工作。二， 情态动词1. have to/dont have to 不得不/不必have to表示“不得不”，指在客观条件下不得不去做某事；否定式dont have to表示“没必要，不必”，有时态和人称的变化。易混辨析：must: 表示“必须，应该”，语气强烈。回答带有must的问句时，否定回答常用neednt或dont have to，表示“不必”，而

5、mustnt的含义是“禁止，不准”。表示有把握的推测，意为“一定，准是”，常用于肯定句。译为“偏要，非要不可”，常表达说话人抱怨的口气。例：He had to work hard to support the family. 他不得不努力工作来养家。（客观需要）You dont have to go to school at once. 你不必马上去上学。You must be hungry after a long walk. 走了很长一段路，你一定饿了。（肯定推测）2. can/ cant 能/不能can, could（can的过去式）的用法：can: 表能力（现在）表客观或理论上的可能性

6、表请求和允许表推测，常用于否定句和疑问句，can比could语气强cannottoo/enough 无论也不过分，越越好cannot but do 不得不（=have to do）could: 表能力（过去）表推测，常用于否定句和疑问句，比can语气弱表请求和允许。用在疑问句时比can语气委婉，不表过去。例：An experienced teacher can also make mistakes. 一个有经验的老师也可能犯错误。（客观可能性）He cant be our manager. He has gone to Beijing. 他不可能是我的经理。他去北京了。（否定推测）3. oug

7、ht to/ ought not to 应该/不应该表示说话者认为“应该做/不应该做”；也表示说话者根据一定的依据进行推测，译为“按道理说应该/不应该”。其后跟动词原形，疑问式是把ought提到主语前。ought to作为情态动词，经常考查与其不定式的完成时搭配的用法，即：ought to have done = should have done，表示“本应该做了某事而实际没有”，oughtnt to have done = shouldnt have done，表示“本不应该做某事而实际做了”。Neednt表示某一动作不必要做，而ought not to表示某一动作是错误的，与shouldn

8、t类似，但语气更强。例：He ought to be more careful next time. 下次他应该更小心才是。She ought not to let out the secret. 她不该泄露这个秘密。You neednt go for him; he has come here. 你没必要去找他；他已经来了。例 1. The letters for the boss _ on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later.A. were putB. was putC. putD. has put 例 2. Sha

9、kespeares play Hamlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years.A. had been madeB. was madeC. has been madeD. would be made例3. You _ buy a gift, but you can if you want to do.A. mustB. mustntC. have toD. dont have to例4. （2019北京通州高三一模）Fred had to have his car repaired in a garage becaus

10、e it _ seriously.A. damagedB. had been damagedC. was being damagedD. had damaged例5. （2019北京丰台高三第一学期期末）Jugging from his accent, he _ be from Australia.A. needntB. mustntC. cant D. wouldnt基础演练一，根据句意，在空白处填入恰当的词或用括号内的词的正确形式填空。1. A Midsummer Nights Dream _ (open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and th

11、en tours throughout Scotland.2. Hi, Smith, can I borrow the meeting room upstairs this afternoon?Sorry. It _ (paint).3. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt that a cure for AIDS _ (find).4. If nothing _ (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts.5. When I was a child, I _ watch TV whene

12、ver I wanted to.6. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _ (drink) too much at the party last night.7. Why are your eyes so red? You _ have slept well last night.Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.8. _ we go to the McDonald? Im sick of the food there.9. Holiday shopping _ be a tiring experience. T

13、here are so many places to visit and choices to make.10. Must I take a bus?No, you _. You can take a walk here.巩固提高单项选择。1. Since nobody gave him any help, he _ have done the research on his own.A. can B. mustC. wouldD. need2. He _ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea u

14、ntil he had caught it.A. wouldntB. shouldntC. couldntD. mustnt3. Why _ it get colder when we climb up a mountain? We are getting nearer to the sun!A. ought toB. wouldC. shouldD. must4. If he had starred at nine oclock, he _ have been in London by eleven oclock.A. MustB. mayC. ought toD. has to5. You

15、 must be very excited about going to London for further study._, but I am afraid I wont do well because my English is poor.A. Im sorryB. Certainly notC. I dont know yetD. Well, I ought to be单项选择。1. The thief was reported _ more than $50,000 from the millionaire.A. to stealB. to be stealingC. to have

16、 stolenD. to be stolen2. What will you do next Sunday?Maybe do some shopping, for I _ go to school on Sunday.A. mustntB. shouldntC. dont have toD. had better not3. If you_ yourself to the job in hand, youll soon finish it.A. requestB. appealC. applyD. claim4. Mary _ a professor for half a year.A. ha

17、s marriedB. married withC. marriedD. has been married to 5. Jenny is always absent from school, _ I suppose is why she is criticized now and then.A. whichB. whoC. thatD.what6. Excuse me , is the shop open around the clock?_ . Only from 8:00am.to 4:00 pm.A. Im not sure.B. Well, it depends.C. Thats ri

18、ght.D. Im afraid not.7. Its a good idea. But whos going to _ the plan?I think Tom and Grey will.A. set asideB. carry outC. take inD. get through8. Helen, will you be at the party tonight?Im sorry, but I have so much homework to do that I really _.A. wontB. cantC. mustntD. shouldnt9. Some pre-school

19、children go to a day care centre, _ they learn simple games and songs.A. thenB. thereC. whichD. where10. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A. DressedB. To dressC. DressingD. Having dressed11. Her _ way of smiling left a good impression on me.A. successfulB. particularC. u

20、sualD. peaceful12. No decision _ about any future appointment(任命) until all the candidates（候选人） have been interviewed.A. will be madeB. is madeC. is beingD. has been made13. （2019北京101中学高三测试）I will join the school singing club as long as I _ find spare time.A. willB. mightC. shouldD. can14. （2019北京顺

21、义高三一模）Everyone thinks that the same questions _ again on this years oral test.A. will askB. have askedC. will be askedD. have been asked15. （2019北京顺义高三一模）Young children under the age of four _ be in a child safety seat while taking a car.A. mustB. mayC. canD. will_一， 完形填空。Robison was born in a very

22、poor family. At seven, he had to pick cal in a deserted mine, then he 1 what he had picked and earned a few coins to help his parents. He had 2 schooling. 3 so poor, how could they pay for the education?When he was fifteen, he worked 4 a servant in a school, looking at other children studying in the

23、 classroom, he felt 5 for himself. How he wished to have the same chance. He 6 to study by himself. In the day time after the sweeping and cleaning was over, he 7 stand by the window outside the classroom trying to 8 what the teacher said. At night, he tried his best to remember 9 he had learned dur

24、ing the day. He worked 10 hard at the lessons that he sometimes had just three or four hours 11. The more he learned, the 12 he wanted to learn.A math teacher 13him and came to like this diligent(刻苦) boy and 14 him to sit at the back of the class. In 15exam, he was the one in the whole school who re

25、ached the 16 grade.Robison went on for six years 17 his study of math and wrote several articles which drew the attention of some university professors. They appreciated (欣赏) his talent and his diligence.18 him the better chance they employed him as a librarian and 19 him free guidance. Robison was

26、filled with joy. Fro he felt that before him there was a broad road leading to 20.1. A. burnedB. gaveC. sentD. sold2. A. anyB. lessC. noD. small3. A. BecauseB. AsC. ForD. Being4 A. likeB. asC. forD. at5 A. sorryB. angryC. disappointedD. interesting6. A. wishedB. wantedC. decidedD. considered7. A. wo

27、uldB. shouldC. couldD. might8. A. doB. catchC. listen toD. hear9. A. whenB. allC. thatD. which10 A. suchB. tooC. soD. very11 A. studyB. sleepC. workD. time12. A. betterB. harderC. lessD. more13. A. punishedB. discoveredC. likedD. laughed at14. A. allowedB. letC. pushedD. tired15. A. hisB. aC. oneD.

28、the16. A. highestB. mostC. tallestD. largest17. A. forB. atC. withD. in18. A. To giveB. GivingC. GiveD. For giving19. A. taughtB. offeredC. sentD. supplied20. A. deathB. successC. schoolD. happiness二，写作。假设你是李华，你的美国老师Miss Morgan要求你们明天下午去听一个有关美国历史的讲座，你因故不能参加。请你根据以下要点，写一封短信项Miss Morgan请假。内容要点：1. 表示歉意；2. 理由：去机场接从法国回来的舅舅；3. 询问：是否有录音，以便补听讲座。注意：1. 词数：100左右；2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Miss Morgan,_ Yours sincerely Li Hua