2013版英语全程复习方略课件：必修1 Unit 2 Growing pains（译林牛津版）.ppt

1、Unit 2 Growing pains 成长的烦恼话题之二 环境保护三年4考2011浙江假设你是高中生李越，有感于校园中存在的随意涂写(to scribble)和乱丢垃圾(to litter)的行为，请用英语给校长写一封100120个词的信。信中应包括以下内容：1.说明写信目的；2.对这些行为进行批评；3.提出建议。June 8,2011Dear Mr.Headmaster,I am Li Yue,a student from Class 1,Senior 2.I am writing to draw your attention to some improper behaviouramon

2、g us students:littering and scribbling.It makes our school dirty and unpleasant,and does harm to the image of our school.I always feel ashamed whenever I see this.It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about.I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and setu

3、p specific rules against such behaviour.At the same time,students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.I believe that,with the joint efforts of both teachers and students,our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.Thank you for your considera

4、tion.Yours faithfully,Li Yue1.文章要点齐全,切合试题要求。本文首先说明写信动机让校长对校园里同学们随意涂写和乱丢垃圾的行为引起足够的重视;接下来是对这些行为的批评态度；最后提出改进的建议。2.全文行文流畅，使用词汇地道、高级。高级词汇和短语：draw your attention to,improper,image,feel ashamed,appropriate,set up,joint,enjoyable高级句型：.whenever.，It is+adj.+for sb.to do语篇过渡语：at the same time多样性表达：表达建议a)I wond

5、er if.b).should be encouraged to do.【佳作习得】翻译句子无论你多富有，都要遵守法规。You must obey the rules and regulations however rich you are.单词盘点根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇1._(n.)(戏剧的)一幕2._(n.)成年人3._(n.)过错，错误4._(n.)(戏剧的)一场；场面；景色actadultfaultscene5._(adj.)不高兴的，失望的(vt.)使不高兴，使失望6._(n.)突发事件；紧急情况7._(vt.)值得；应得；应受8._(adj.)粗鲁的，无礼的9._(vt.)处理

6、；应付10._(vi.)坚持，坚持认为upsetemergencydeserverudehandleinsist11._(vt.)禁止12._(n.&adj.)正常(的)，一般(的)13._(n.)限制；极限；界限 (vt.)限制14._(vt.&vi.&n.)平衡；抵消15._(adj.)受惊的；害怕的 _(vt.&vi.)(使)害怕 _(adj.)令人害怕的forbidnormallimitbalancefrightenedfrightenfrightening16._(vi.)挨饿；饿死(vt.)使挨饿 _(n.)饥饿；饿死17._(vt.)容忍；允许 _(n.)容忍 _(adj.)容忍

7、的18._(n.)行为，举止 _(v.)表现19._(vt.)辩解，辩白 _(n.)辩解，辩白20._(n.)解释，说明 _(vt.)解释，说明21._(vi.)往往，趋向(vt.)照看 _(n.)趋向starvestarvationtoleratetolerancetolerantbehaviorbehavedefenddefenceexplanationexplaintendtendency【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空He _ his idea that each of us should refuse to buy foreign products in _ of our nat

8、ional industry.(defend)I will not _ that sort of behavior in my class and no one will be _ of that.(tolerate)defendeddefencetoleratetolerantI tried to _ to him why I was late,but he just wouldnt listen to my _.(explain)I _ my brother carefully,and he had the _ to recover soon.(tend)You shouldnt have

9、 _ her.Look,she is too _ to join us in this tour.(frighten)explainexplanationtendedtendencyfrightenedfrightened.短语回放1.出现；调高(音量)_2.迫不及待地做某事_3.应该，应当_4.处理_5.对苛刻,对严厉_turn upcant wait to do somethingbe supposed todo withbe hard on6.既然；由于_7.不睡觉，熬夜_8.混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和_9.好像，似乎_10.坚持，坚持认为_11.现在_12.依靠_now thatstay

10、upmix upas ifinsist onat presentdepend on13.记住_14.放弃_15.经历_16.与一起_17.结果(是)_keep.in mindgive upgo throughalong withturn out.句式扫描1.Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier _(比预期的).2.The room is in a mess,_(地板上堆放着许多比萨饼盒子)and dirty dishes in the sink.3.Listen to me,young manwe _(委托给你负责)！than

11、expectedwith pizza boxes on the floorleft you in charge4.Daniel _(双臂交叉)and looks upset.5.I wish I _(带了我的伞).Its raining cats and dogs.6.Also,_(每次)I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.has his arms crossedhad brought my umbrellaevery time【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子leave+宾语+宾语补足

12、语“使处于某种状态”仿写：我让孩子们看电视。I left the children watching television.have sth.done“把做完”仿写：我要在五点前把工作完成。Ill have the work finished before 5 oclock.wish+虚拟语气从句“但愿就好了”仿写：我要是当时采纳了你的建议就好了。I wish I had taken your advice then.every time+从句“每次”仿写：不要每次碰到不认识的单词就停下来。Dont stop every time you come to a word you dont kno

13、w.核心要点normal三年2考as if(=as though)三年4考have/has sth.done三年6考1.fault n.过错，错误find fault(with)挑剔，找(的)岔子，对吹毛求疵be ones fault that-clause/for doing sth.是某人的过失at fault感到困惑；出毛病；有责任They found fault with every box I made.他们对我制作的每一个箱子都不满意。It was in 1976,I believe,if my memory is not at fault.我认为那是在1976年,如果我没记错的话

14、。_ _ _ for not making your new job clear.没有说清楚你的新工作，这是我的过失。Its my fault2.upset adj.不高兴的，失望的；心烦的，苦恼的vt.使不高兴，使失望；打翻，弄翻；搅乱，扰乱；使心烦，使苦恼be upset at/about/over(doing)sth.因为(做)而心烦Dont upset yourselfno harm has been done.不要难过并没有造成伤害。A large wave upset the boat.一个巨浪打翻了船。We are _ _ the phenomenon that people t

15、urn a blind eye to the old in trouble.我们对这种处于困境中的老人被人们漠视的现象担忧。upset about【助记】The little boy is doing his homework while two flies are always upsetting him,and he is upset about them,only to upset the glass full of water.小男孩在做作业，有两只苍蝇老是嗡嗡地打扰他，小男孩很烦恼，结果失手打翻了装满水的杯子。3.defend vt.辩解；辩白；防卫defend.from/again

16、st保卫；使免受之害defence/defense n.防御；辩护in defence of为了保卫；为辩护Their duty is to defend their country against both domestic and foreign enemies attack.他们的职责是保卫国家不受国内外敌人的侵害。The high wall was built as a defence against intruders.修建这堵高墙作为屏障以防外人闯入。They are determined to fight to the last _ _ _ the city.他们决心为保卫城市而

17、战斗到底。in defence of4.deserve vt.值得；应得；应受deserve sth.值得deserve to do值得做；应该做deserve doing=deserve to be done值得(被)做Daniel Shechtman deserves the 2011 Nobel Prize for chemistry for his great discovery.丹尼尔谢赫特曼因他的重大发现，应该获得2011年诺贝尔化学奖。They certainly deserved to win that match.他们理所当然地赢得了那场比赛。They deserve _ _

18、 _ to prison.他们应该入狱。to be sent5.insist vi.坚持；坚持认为insist on(doing)sth.坚持(做)某事insist that-clause坚持；坚持认为I insist on your taking/insist that you take immediate action.我坚决要求你立刻采取行动。【点津】insist后接宾语从句的用法：(1)表示“坚持要求”“坚持要”时，其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即(should+)动词原形。(2)表示“坚持认为，坚持说”，即表示一个客观事实时，其后宾语从句要用真实语气。Tom broke Marys cu

19、p this morning.Mary _ _ his apology,but Tom refused.He insisted that he _ _ that.At last,Mary got angry and insisted that Tom_ _ her a new cup besides an apology.今天早晨汤姆打碎了玛丽的杯子。玛丽坚持要他道歉，但是汤姆拒绝了。他坚持说他没有打碎杯子。最后，玛丽生气了，她除了要得到道歉外坚持要求汤姆为她买一只新杯子。insisted onhadnt doneshould buy 6.forbid vt.禁止，不允许We should t

20、ake measures to forbid returning illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.我们应采取措施禁止地沟油回流餐桌。The guard forbade us to look out of the window when the train was moving.火车开动时,乘警不许我们将头伸出窗外看。【归纳】_禁止做_禁止某人去做forbid doingforbid sb.to do【想一想】forbid后应该用动名词作宾语，用不定式作宾语补足语，类似的动词，试列举。【拓展延伸】高中英语中用动名词作宾语，不定式作宾语补足语的动词还有：a

21、llow,permit,advise等。7.normal adj.正常的；正规的；标准的；一般的n.正常；一般；正规；常态【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空commongeneralnormalordinary强调许多事物具有某种共同点而“不足为奇”。指普遍存在于大多数人或事物中,有“较少例外”的含义。形容人或物“符合常态或常规”。指与一般事物的性质、标准相同,强调“平常”而无奇特之处。This opinion is common among the _ population.A _ heart beats around seventy-six times a minute.Colds are _

22、 in winter.He worked neither for fame nor for fortune and always fought at his _ post.generalnormalcommonordinary8.tend vi.往往；趋向；vt.照看(1)tend to do sth.易于，往往会做某事tend to/towards倾向于；趋于tend(to)sb.照料/护理某人(2)tendency n.倾向，趋势have a tendency to do sth.倾向于做某事It _ _ _ a lot here in summer.这里夏天较为多雨。The Englis

23、h seasons and climate tend towards extremes.英国的季节与气候是走极端的。Youd better tend to that thin girl.你最好照看一下那个瘦弱的女孩。He has a tendency to forget things.他有健忘的倾向。tends to rain9.limit n.限制；极限；界限vt.限制limit.to.(把)限制在limit sb.to(doing)sth.限制某人(做)某事set a limit to限制，控制within limits 在某种程度上；有一定限制Shanghai subways Line

24、10 has lifted the speed limit and returned to normal operation.上海地铁10号线已取消限速，运行恢复常态。Our government has set a strict limit to drunk driving.我国政府严格限制酒后驾驶。We must _ the expenses _ what we can afford.我们必须把开销限制在我们的经济能力范围内。limitto【真题链接】2012湖北模拟Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successf

25、ul,but they may also _ our thinking.A.direct B.limitC.change D.improve【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：如果我们想要成功，知识和学问是重要的，但是它们可能也限制了我们的思考。direct指导；limit限制；change改变；improve提高。10.balance vt.&vi.(使)平衡；抵消n.平衡，天平keep/lose ones balance保持/失去平衡balance A against B权衡A和Bout of balance不平衡She balanced the attraction of a high s

26、alary against the prospect of working long hours.她对高薪和长工时两者的利弊作了权衡。I found it hard to _ _ _ on the icy path.我觉得在结满冰的小道上要保持身体平衡是相当困难的。keep my balance【助记】keep ones balancelose ones balance11.cant wait to do something 迫不及待地做某事I cant wait to see the film Inception,hoping to catch a dream with the leadin

27、g character,Dom Cobb.我迫不及待地想看电影盗梦空间，希望跟着主人公Dom Cobb一起去盗梦。【拓展】翻译以下短语cant help doing sth._cant.enough/too _情不自禁地做某事再也不过分；越越好【想一想】请写出表示“迫不及待地做某事”的同义短语。【拓展延伸】表示“迫不及待地做某事”的同义短语还有：be eager to do sth.long to do/for sth.be keen to do sth.be anxious to do sth.12.be supposed to(表示按照义务、规则、法律或约定等)应该，应当Am I supp

28、osed to clean all the rooms or just this one?我是应该打扫所有的房间,还是只是这一间?Youre supposed to pay the bill by Friday.你应该在星期五前结清这笔账。【拓展】be supposed to还可表示“被认为，被看作”。be supposed to have done=should have done表示“本应该做某事”，但实际上没做。He is supposed to be poor,but he is really quite wealthy.大家都以为他穷,实际上他很富裕。You were suppose

29、d to _ _ _ your homework yesterday.你本应该昨天把作业交上。have handed in【真题链接】2013辽宁模拟What are you doing out of bed,Tom?Youre _ to be asleep.A.supposed B.knownC.thought D.considered【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意：汤姆，你起床干什么？你应该在睡觉。be supposed to do sth.应该做某事；know知道；think认为；consider认为，考虑。13.stay up 不睡觉，熬夜She stayed up reading

30、until midnight.她看书看到半夜才睡。I want to stay up tonight and watch the late movie on TV.今晚我想熬夜看电视上播放的深夜电影。【拓展】翻译以下短语stay up late_stay in _stay on _熬夜到很晚，睡得很晚待在家里，不外出继续停留14.mix up 混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和Please do not mix up two things:your job and your life.请不要混淆这两件事情：你的工作和你的生活。Mind that you do not mix up these photos

31、.注意别把这些照片弄乱了。The children enjoy mixing up the fruit and nuts in the cake.孩子们喜欢把水果、坚果拌进蛋糕里。【拓展】翻译以下短语mix.with._ mix.together_mix.into._ 把和混合在一起把拌在一起把拌在里面15.as if(=as though)好像，似乎(1)as if在look,seem等系动词后引导表语从句，也可引导方式状语从句。(2)as if从句的语气：a.当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if 从句用陈述语气。b.当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有

32、可能发生或存在的情况时，as if 从句用虚拟语气。(3)从句用虚拟语气时动词时态的形式有三种：a.表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时，be 动词一律用were；b.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时；c.表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might+动词原形。(4)如果as if 引导的从句是“主语+系动词+其他”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。It sounds as if it is raining.听起来像是在下雨。He opened his mouth as if he would sa

33、y something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。She looks as if she _ ten years younger.她看起来好像年轻十岁。She left the room hurriedly _ _ _.她匆忙离开房间好像很生气的样子。wereas if angry16.The room is in a mess,with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.屋子里一片狼藉：地板上堆放着许多比萨饼盒子，洗碗池里全是脏碗碟。句子主干是The room is in a mess,with pizza boxes.i

34、n the sink是“with+宾语+宾补”结构。本句中，两个介词短语on the floor和in the sink充当宾语补足语。(1)“with+宾语+宾语补足语”在语法上常被称为“with复合结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况。(2)“with复合结构”常作伴随、方式、原因、时间、条件等状语，也可以作定语。(3)作宾语的可以是名词或代词，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式或分词。With machinery to do all the work,they will soon have got in the crops.由于所有的工作都是由机器来完成，他们将很快收完庄稼。(原

35、因状语)The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm.这个男孩总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。(伴随状语)The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。(方式状语)_ _ _ _,trees turn green.春天到了，树变绿了。(时间状语)He used to walk along a river _ _ _ with flowers and grass.他过去常常沿着一条两岸长满花草的小河散步。(定语)With spring coming onwith banks

36、 covered【点津】“with复合结构”要特别注意宾语和宾语补足语之间的逻辑关系，根据主动(现在分词)、被动(过去分词)、表示将来(不定式)等区别来选择正确的补足语形式。【真题链接】2012山东模拟The living room is clean and tidy,with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked.A.laidB.layingC.to layD.being laid【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意：客厅干净、整洁，一张餐桌已经摆好，准备要吃一顿饭。分析句子结构可知，此句含with的复合结构，其中lay与a dini

37、ng table为逻辑上的动宾关系，故要用过去分词。17.Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。本句中的has his arms crossed是have/has sth.done结构。【辨析】have sth.donehave sb.do sth.have sb./sth.doing have sth.to do 意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”或表示宾语的遭遇、经历。宾语sth.后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth.与过去分词所表示的动作之间为被动关系。意为“让/叫/使某人做某事”。同义短语还有make

38、/let sb.do sth.，get sb.to do sth.。意为“叫/让/使某人做某事或让某种情况发生”，表示宾语与现在分词所表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行。意为“有事要做”，have不是使役动词，而是“有”的意思，不定式to do充当sth.的定语。Yesterday,Jack had his hair cut.However,when he returned home,he found he had had his document stolen.He was so worried because his boss would have him work on weeke

39、nds if he lost it.昨天，杰克(请人给他)理发了。但是，当他回到家时，他发现他的文件被偷了。他非常着急，因为如果他丢失了这份文件，他的老板会让他周末工作的。Dont have the baby _!So youd better have your car _ slowly.不要让婴儿啼哭！所以你最好把车子开慢点。cryingrunning【真题链接】2011陕西，14Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left.A.check B.checkingC.to check D.checked【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词

40、。句意：飞机起飞前一个小时，克莱尔的行李接受了检查。此处是have sth.done的用法。由于名词luggage与动词check之间为被动关系，故选择过去分词作宾补。(1)scene，sight，scenery,view的辨析(2)tolerate与其他动词的辨析(3)wish后接虚拟语气的用法(4)turn out，make out，go out等短语的辨析(5)“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构1.Seeing the happy _ of the children playing in the park,Im full of joy and confidence in the fut

41、ure of our country.A.sightB.sceneC.viewD.scenery【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的幸福场景，我对我们国家的未来感到高兴和充满信心。scene表示场景。【知识拓展】scene,sight,scenery,view四个词的区别如下表：易混词区别例句scene sight 指具有一定特征的各种可见的景色，也常指事件或故事发生的地点，含有“场景、场面”之意。Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident.通常表示“风景；视力，视野”。Come and see the sigh

42、ts of London.易混词区别例句scenery view风景，景色。指某地的整个自然风景，是风景的总称，通常作不可数名词。This lake is fine scenery.从某一角度或某一距离看到的景色，还有“观点、看法”之意。From the top of the building,you can get a good view of the sea.2.Some old people dont like pop songs because they cant _ so much noise.A.concernB.tolerateC.undertakeD.ignore【解析】选B。

43、考查动词辨析。句意：一些老人不喜欢流行歌曲，因为他们不能忍受如此多的噪音。tolerate忍受；concern与有关，涉及；undertake承担；ignore忽略。3.I hadnt intended to get much from the business I ran in the first year,while it _ so well.A.went out B.carried outC.made out D.turned out【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意：我本没打算从第一年经营的公司中获得多少，但结果非常不错。turn out结果。go out熄灭；carry out执行；m

44、ake out辨认，看清。4.根据汉语补全句子我多么希望我在冲着妈妈大叫大嚷前闭上了嘴!How I wish I _ before I shouted at my mum!我不能让一件这么重要的事半途而废。I cant leave such an important matter _.什么事使他离开了这么长时间？What has left him _ for so long?had shut my mouthunfinishedaway基础指导(二)并列句与复合句.并列句定义：由and,or,but,while,yet,so,for等并列连词连起来的两个或两个以上互不依从的分句的句子叫并列句。

45、并列连词分类：1.单纯连词：and,both.and.,not only.but also.,as well as等。2.转折连词：but,yet,still,while等。3.选择连词：or,not.but.,either.or.,neither.nor.等。4.推理连词：so,therefore,for等。He was ill,but he went to school.他病了，但他还是去上学了。He lost his job,so he was unhappy these days.他失业了，所以他这些天不高兴。提醒：“祈使句+and/or(otherwise)+简单句”也是并列句的一种

46、，or在此意为“否则”。Try it again,and you will succeed.再试一次，你会成功的。.复合句定义：复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构，主句是全句的主体，从句从属于主句，不能独立存在。从句分类：根据从句在全句中的不同作用，从句可分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。1.主语从句：在句子中充当句子主语的从句叫主语从句。When we should start is still a question.我们应该什么时候开始仍然是个问题。2.宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。They be

47、lieve that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.他们认为电脑最终会取代人类。3.表语从句：在句子中作系动词的表语的句子,它位于主句中的系动词之后。That is why he did not come to school yesterday.那就是他为什么昨天没来学校的原因。4.同位语从句：在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队赢了的消息。5.定语从句：在复合句中作定语用来修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定

48、语从句。This is the missing boy(that/who/whom)we have been looking for these days.这是我们这些日子一直在寻找的失踪的男孩。6.状语从句：在复合句中作状语,其位置可以在主句前或主句后。1)时间状语从句通常由when,as,while,after,before,as soon as,since,till(until),whenever 等引导。When you finish the work,you may go out to play with Sam.当你完成作业的时候，你可以和Sam出去玩。2)地点状语从句通常由 wh

49、ere,wherever等引导。I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever he may be.不管他在哪里我都不会忘记要去抓那个偷我项链的贼。3)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as等引导。4)目的状语从句通常由so that.,in order that.等引导。5)结果状语从句通常由 so that.,so.that.等引导,往往放在句尾。6)比较状语从句通常由as,than,as(so).as等引导。7)让步状语从句通常由though(although),as,even if(

50、eventhough),however,whatever等引导。8)条件状语从句通常由if,unless,as long as等引导。.判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句1.Her parents died and left her a lot of money.2.You were not in the office.3.I took care of my brother while Mother was away.4.This is the best film that I have ever seen.答案：1.简单句 2.简单句 3.复合句 4.复合句5.Walk fast,or

51、well be late.6.I havent heard from you for a long time.7.He was very tired;therefore,he fell into a sound sleep.8.It is said that Jim got married a week ago.9.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.答案：5.并列句 6.简单句 7.并列句 8.复合句 9.复合句.按要求转换句型1.Does Mr.Brown enjoy living in China?Coul

52、d you tell us?(变为复合句)Could you tell us _ Mr.Brown _ living in China?2.“Does the girl need any help?”he asked me.(变为复合句)He asked me _ the girl _ some help.3.Jim is not a student.Tom is not a student,either.(合并为一个句子)_ Jim _ Tom is a student.if/whetherenjoysif/whetherneededNeithernor4.When does the tra

53、in leave?I want to know.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)I want to know _ the train _.5.They went home after they had finished their homework.(用not.until改写)They _ go home _ they had finished their homework.6.You must be careful with your pronunciation.(改为祈使句)Be careful with your pronunciation.whenleavesdidntuntil.用适当的并

54、列连词填空1.Work hard,_ you will fail.2.Keep quiet,_ you will not be found.3.He worked hard,_ he faild in the exam.4.He was watching TV _ his mother was cooking.5.When you quarrel with others,_ fail in the exam,you may have a bad mood.6._ does Li Meng sing well,_ she dances well.orandbutwhileorNot onlybut also