新教材2021-2022学年译林版英语选择性必修第二册学案：UNIT 1 GRAMMAR AND USAGE .doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 1The mass media Grammar and usage & Integrated skills要点精研探究学习1. accuse vt. 谴责, 控诉*In response, some people accuse critics and news reporters of being cheated by the entertainment industry. 作为回应, 一些人指责评论家和新闻记者受到了娱乐产业的欺骗。*I dont want t

2、o make an accusation until I have some proof. 我要有一些证据以后才提出控告。【词块积累】(1)accuse sb. of (doing) sth. =charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指责/控告某人(做)某事(2)accusation n. 指责; 谴责; 控告【知识延伸】其他“v. +sb. of sth. ”结构的短语还有: inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事cur

3、e sb. of sth. 治愈某人某病(1)语法填空On the other hand, they could be in trouble if some one accused them of ignoring their right. The government denied the accusation (accuse) that it was involved in the murders. (2)句型转换Her son was accused of cheating in the exam, which made it difficult for her to go to sle

4、ep. Her son was charged with cheating in the exam, which made it difficult for her to go to sleep. 2. mount up (尺寸和数量上)增加, 上升*The number of outdoors advertisement is mounting up year by year. 户外广告的数量逐年上升。*As the job rejections mount up, they are beginning to feel alarmed. 随着工作被拒的次数增加, 他们开始感到忧虑了。*Alt

5、hough there were so many stairs to mount up, his friends still came to see him regularly. 虽然需要爬的楼梯这么多, 他的朋友们还是定期来看他。【词块积累】(1)mount vt. 增加; 组织; 登上; 骑上; 安装; 镶嵌 vi. 爬; 增加; 上升 n. 山峰(2)go up 增长; 上升add up合计; 加起来根据语境猜测mount的词义(1)The gallery has mounted an exhibition of art by Irish women painters. 组织(2)He

6、mounted the platform and addressed the crowd. 登上(3)He mounted his horse and rode away. 骑上(4)The diamond is mounted in gold. 镶嵌(5)The teenager climbed Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa when he was only 9. 山峰【补偿训练】(1)You helped the kite go/mount up in the right direction using the string. 你用这根线帮助风筝飞向正确的方向。(

7、2)Please add up these figures immediately and tell me the answer. 请立刻把这些数字加起来并告诉我答案。3. witness vt. &vi. 是发生的时间(或地点), 见证; 目击; 作证; 是的迹象n. 目击人, 见证人; 证人*(2020新高考全国卷)However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. 然而, 她的孩子们在目睹母亲获得学位的过程中也学到了重要的一课。*His good h

8、ealth is a witness to the success of the treatment. 他身体健康证明这种疗法是成功的。*Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident. 警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。*The huge attendance figures for the exhibition witness to a healthy interest in modern art. 从展览会参观人数之巨大可以看出, 人们对现代艺术具有浓厚兴趣。【词块积累】(1)a witness to 的证人/证据(2)witness

9、 to为作证; 出庭证明; 证实(1)witness作及物动词, 其主语可以是时间或地点, 表示“是发生某事的时间或地点”。(2)“witness to. . . ”中to为介词, 其后可跟名词、代词和动名词形式。Growth is the only witness of life. 成长是生命的唯一见证。 语法填空(1)His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment. (2)He witnessed to having seen (see) the man enter the room. (3)The witnesse

10、s (witness) questioned by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. 4. spring up迅速出现, 突然兴起*(2020天津高考)More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. 更多新的聊天平台如雨后春笋般出现在英国和其他地方。*The idea for the novel sprang from a trip to India. 写这部小说的想法源于一次去印度的旅行。*Theres a feel

11、ing of spring in the air today. 今天可以感受到一点春天的气息。*Our city is a mountain city and there is spring through the mountain. 我们的城市是山城, 山上有泉水。【词块积累】(1)spring vi. 生长; 涌出, 涌现; 跃出n. 春天; 泉水(2)spring from突如其来地(从某处)出现; 起源于(或来自)某事物【知识延伸】spring to their feet立刻站起来spring to sb. s assistance连忙站出来帮助某人 (1)根据语境猜测spring的词

12、义She began by being a joyful stream of water, a spring always dancing and singing as she ran down from the top of the mountain. (泉水)The mountain has a lot of flowers in spring. (春天)I dont know why such new gifted people have sprung up in my life. (涌现)(2)Many monster high-rise buildings spring up all

13、 over the city. 许多巨大的高层建筑在这座城市拔地而起。5. The variety and accessibility of online news means that the rapid rise of online news media is unlikely to stop. 网络新闻的多样性和可及性意味着网络新闻媒体的迅速崛起不可能停止。【句式解构】be likely/unlikely to do sth. 很可能/不大可能做某事。*The job is unlikely to be finished in a year. 这项工作不大可能在一年之内完成。*All i

14、n all, at least at this stage, its unlikely that online learning will evolve into the dominant form of education. 总而言之, 至少在现阶段, 网上学习不太可能发展成为教育的主导形式。 数词用法知多少? (1)It is likely that. . . = Sb. /Sth. be likely to do sth. 很可能not likely绝不可能; 绝对不会(2)be likely/unlikely to do sth. 很可能/不大可能做某事unlikely adj. 不大

15、可能发生的【知识延伸】likely还可以作副词, 意为: 很可能; 或许(2020全国卷)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. 研究显示, 竞走和跑步有许多相同的健身益处, 而且最有可能减少受伤。然而, 它也的确有自己的问题。(1)语法填空If one is late for a job interview, i

16、t is unlikely that he will get the job. Studies show that people are likely to suffer (suffer) from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. (2)句型转换You are likely to suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. It is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you k

17、eep smoking. 【要点拾遗】1. employ vt. 使用, 采用; 雇用; 使忙于, 使从事于*Your time could be usefully employed in attending night classes. 你的时间可以被有效地利用来上夜课。*Computers, far from destroying jobs, can create employment. 计算机远非破坏就业, 而是能创造就业。*(2020全国卷)In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their wor

18、kplaces were decorated with houseplants. 在另一项研究中, 当工作场所装饰有室内植物时, 员工的效率会提高15%。*She was busily employed in knitting sweaters for her daughters. 她忙着为女儿们编织毛衣。【词块积累】(1)employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事employ oneself in doing sth. =be employed in doing sth. 忙于做某事; 从事于某事(2)employer n. 雇主employee n. 雇员; 受雇者empl

19、oyment n. 职业; 工作; 使用None but a wise man can employ leisure well. 唯智者善于利用空闲。(1)语法填空He has been employed in writing (write) a new book these days. It is against the law to employ children under sixteen to work (work) for any firms or factories. (2)More local employment will be created, particularly in

20、 service industries. 更多的面向当地的就业将被创造出来, 尤其是在服务业。2. make a hit获得成功*Just do as you did in the room. If youll youre your performance that way, Ill bet you make a hit. 你如果在台上演得像在家时那么流畅, 我敢打赌你一定成功。*I couldnt remember where Id seen him before, and then it suddenly hit me. 起初我想不起以前在哪里见过他, 后来猛然记起来了。*He saved

21、 one shot when the ball hit him on the head. 他扑住了一次射门, 球打在了他的头上。【词块积累】(1)hit sb. on the head 击打某人的头it suddenly hits sb. +从句 某人突然想起(2)make a difference有影响, 有关系make an appointment约会, 预约make a living谋生, 维持生活make a decision 做出决定make a mistake 犯错误; 出差错【熟词生义】The programme scored a real hit with the public

22、. (n. 很受欢迎的人(或事物)(1)语法填空For example, Isaac Newton didnt discover gravity after an apple hit him on the head. From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person. Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time. (2)It would be sensible to

23、think twice before we make a decision. 在做决定之前再三考虑是明智的。(3)Big cities have special attractions for people, for example, they can easily get a job to make a living. 大城市对人们有着特别的吸引力, 比如, 他们容易找到工作谋生。语法精讲深化学习过去完成时(Past perfect tense)1. He had a number of different jobs after he moved to America, He regular

24、ly visited the library and studied English and lawby then he had learned very little English. 2. Pulitzer quickly became a successful journalist and by the age of 25, he had become a publisher. 3. He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch and sales of the newsp

25、aper mounted up until it was the bestselling newspaper in the country. 4. By the end of 1999, about 1, 000 newspapers in China had set up their own online news platforms. 观察以上句子并选词填空: 1. We often use the past perfect tense to talk about something that happened before(before/after) a past action or s

26、tate. 2. We form the past perfect tense with had(have/had) and the verb-ed form. 一、过去完成时态的基本结构肯定句: 主语 + had + 过去分词 + 其他. 否定句: 主语 + had + not + 过去分词 + 其他. 一般疑问句: Had + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词或词组 + 一般疑问句(had + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他)? *I had discovered that there was nothing more appealing to me than rea

27、ding books. 我发现没有什么比读书更吸引我了。*John felt rather blue because he had not done as well on his final exams as he had expected to. 约翰很难过, 因为他的期末考未如他所预期的那么好。*I visited the museum yesterday. Had you visited the museum before? No, I hadnt. 昨天我参观了这个博物馆。你以前参观过这个博物馆吗? 没有, 我以前没有去过。*I heard you began collecting s

28、tamps in February. How many stamps had you collected by the end of last year? 我听说你从2月份开始集邮。到去年底已收集到多少了? (1)Helen said(that)she had moved to another city. 海伦说她已搬到另一个城市去了。(2)We realized we had not brought the book with us. 我们意识到我们没有带那本书。(3)How many hours had they worked by six oclock? 到6点钟他们已经工作了多少个小时

29、了? 二、过去完成时态的基本用法1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前发生或完成了的动作。即“过去的过去”。常有by, before, after等介词, 也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示, 还可能通过上下文来表示。*By nine oclock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟, 我们已经收到200 张宇宙飞船发来的图片。2. 表示由过去的某一时刻开始, 一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态, 常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。*I had been at the bus stop for 20

30、minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候, 我在车站已经等了20分钟。*He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。3. 叙述过去发生的事情, 在已叙述了过去发生的事情后, 反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时, 常使用过去完成时。*Mr Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好朋友。*I didnt know a thing about the verb

31、s, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知, 因为我没有好好学习功课。4. 在含有定语从句的主从复合句中, 如果叙述的是过去的事, 先发生的动作常用过去完成时。*I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。*She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了。5. 过去完成时常常用在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中, 这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。*He said t

32、hat he had known her well. 他说他很了解她。*I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。6. 过去完成时用在状语从句中: 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中, 发生在前, 用过去完成时; 发生在后, 用一般过去时。如when, before, after, as soon as, till/until引导的从句。*When I woke up, it had already stopped raining. 我醒来时雨已停了。*She didnt go to bed until she h

33、ad finished her work. 她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。*After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 马克思到达英格兰之后, 努力提高他的英语水平。7. 动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。*They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本来打算去帮忙, 但没有及时赶到那里。*We had hoped to be

34、 able to come and see you. 我们本来希望能来看看你。8. 过去完成时还可用在hardly. . . when. . . , no sooner. . . than. . . , It was the first (second, etc) time (that). . . 等固定句型中。*Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他刚开始演讲, 听众就打断了他。*No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他刚到就又走了。*It

35、 was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 这是他那一年第三次失业了。如果两个动作紧接着发生, 则常常不用过去完成时, 特别是在包含before和after的复合句中, 因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确, 这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。【知识延伸】 过去完成时用于虚拟语气过去完成时的这一用法, 常见于以if only等引导的感叹句: *If only we had listened to their advice! 我们要是听了他们的意见就好了! *If only you had work

36、ed with greater care! 你要是更仔细一些该多好! *Would that we had seen her before she died. 要是在她去世之前我们能见她一面该有多好。过去完成时的这一用法还见于构成虚拟语气的条件从句和I wish. . . (我希望), Id rather. . . (我宁愿)后的that从句: *Id rather you hadnt been present. 我宁愿你当时不在场。*If I had asked for directions, I wouldnt have gotten lost. 如果我问一下路, 就不会迷失方向了。语法填

37、空(1)They had talked (talk)only a few minutes before they found they were quite different in opinion. (2)The news of the earthquake had hardly spread when a large quantity of relief supplies were delivered (deliver)to the disaster-stricken area. (3)In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one

38、phone at home, and wireless phones hadnt been invented (invent)yet. 【补偿训练】(1)I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadnt seen each other since he went to Beijing. 昨天我在街上遇见了王涛。自从他去了北京, 我们就没见过面。(2)That was the first time Dad had counted/relied/depended on me in a moment of emergency. 那是爸爸第一次在紧急时刻

39、依靠我。(3)She was angry to see the car she had repaired yesterday broke down again. 看到她昨天修好的汽车又坏了, 她很生气。(4)Jim said that his bike had been stolen and he would have to buy a new one. 吉姆说他的自行车被偷了, 他必须买一辆新的。(5)I had intended/wanted/planned to give you just a surprise quiz but on second thought I chose to

40、let you reflect on your exercises. 我本想给你们一个惊喜测验, 但转念一想, 我选择让你们反思自己的练习。使用本单元所学时态知识, 结合中文提示补全短文。It is the worst day that 1. I have ever experienced(我经历过的). My alarm clock didnt go off that morning. 2. When I got up(我起床的时候), it was 7: 30! I was about to be late! 3. After I had brushed my teeth and wash

41、ed my face quickly(我迅速刷牙洗脸以后), I took up my schoolbag and rushed out the door. Before I arrived at the bus stop, 4. the bus had already left(公交车已经离开了), so I had to rush to school by myself! By the time I went into my classroom, 5. my teacher had stood in the front of the classroom(我的老师已经站在教室的前面). Sh

42、e looked at me angrily and asked for my homework. I was so sad because 6. I had left it at home(我把它忘在家里了)! What a bad day! 读写结合表达升级写一篇关于网络新闻媒体的文章Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解Para. 1in the past decadesOnline news media gained 1. rapid development due to the 2. popularity of personal computers and increased Inte

43、rnet access. Para. 2in the smartphone eraSmartphone owners can check the 3. latest news any time at any place. Para. 3during the past years and in the futureThe rapid rise of online news media is 4. unlikely to stop. Task 2文本微观剖析: 特色表达1. Choose the best answer. (1)What are the characteristics of onl

44、ine news media in the 1990s? A. Online news media were not popular with people. B. Readers comments on online news were welcomed. C. China already had 1, 000 or so online news platforms. D. People had to learn about news events through newspapers. (2)What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A. People can

45、 never survive without the smartphone. B. People are playing with their mobile phones all the time. C. News media has become an important part of social media. D. It is inconvenient for users to read news on mobile devices. (3)Why does the author think the rapid rise of online news media is unlikely

46、 to stop? A. Because technology has never stopped its pace of development. B. Because of online news media people can not only read news but also socialize. C. Because online news media provides more accurate news coverage than other news media. D. Because online news media provides convenience and

47、abundant information for people to read news. 答案: (1)(3)BCD2. Write down useful sentences used to describe advantages of online news media. People can read the same content online as is printed in the newspapers every day. Interaction was also encouraged as readers could post their own comments. Sma

48、rtphone owners are finding it easier to read news on their mobile devices. They can check the latest news any time at any place. From print media to broadcast media to online media, reading news has become a more personal and comprehensive experience than ever before. 假设你们学校英语角正在组织一场演讲比赛, 主题是网络新闻媒体。

49、请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇演讲稿参加比赛。1. 网络新闻媒体的现状; 2. 网络新闻媒体的利弊; 3. 预测网络新闻媒体的未来。注意: 1. 词数80左右。2. 开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数。Today I am very glad to be here to share with you my ideas of online news media. _Thats all. Thank you for listening. 完成句子1. 现在越来越多的人转向网络新闻媒体来了解他们关心的新闻事件。Now more and more people are turning to online

50、 news media for the news events they care about. 2. 网络新闻媒体可以让人们在最短的时间内获得最有效的新闻信息。Online news media allows people to obtain the most effective news information in the shortest time. 3. 人们可以在网络平台上发布自己的新闻, 从而实现彼此之间的互动和交流。People can release their own news on the online platform to interact and communica

51、te with each other. 4. 出现了一个问题。A problem arises. 5. 网络媒体的互动性使得各种新闻, 包括有害的和虚假的新闻可以随时随地发布。The interactive characteristics of network media allow all kinds of news including harmful and false news to be released anytime and anywhere. 6. 随着人们对网络新闻认识的提高, 网络新闻媒体将会向更深层次发展。Online news media will develop to

52、a deeper level with the improvement of peoples understanding. 7. 这将进一步改变传统的网络新闻观念。It will further change the traditional concept of online news. 句式升级8. 用名词性从句连接句4和句5One of the problems is that the interactive characteristics of network media allow all kinds of news including harmful and false news t

53、o be released anytime and anywhere. 9. 用非限制性定语从句连接句6和句7Online news media will develop to a deeper level with the improvement of peoples understanding, which will further change the traditional concept of online news. Today I am very glad to be here to share with you my ideas of online news media. No

54、w more and more people are turning to online news media for the news events they care about. On the one hand, online news media allows people to obtain the most effective news information in the shortest time. On the other hand, people can release their own news on the online platform to interact an

55、d communicate with each other. However, there are also disadvantages. One of the problems is that the interactive characteristics of network media allow all kinds of news including harmful and false news to be released anytime and anywhere. I think online news media will develop to a deeper level wi

56、th the improvement of peoples understanding, which will further change the traditional concept of online news. Thats all. Thank you for listening. 【话题拓展】1. 话题特点网络新闻媒体是一个新生事物, 它的出现既给人们带来了便利, 随之而来的也有一些弊端。结合演讲稿的文本特征, 就网络新闻媒体这一新生事物的两个方面谈谈个人看法, 并展望未来发展趋势。2. 话题词汇(1)broadcast n. & vt. 广播; 播放(2)distinguish

57、v. 区分; 辨别(3)witness n. 目击者; 见证人(4)advertise for为做广告(5)arouse wide public concern引起广泛的公众关注(6)arrange an interview安排采访(7)cover/go on a story去采访(8)have harmful effects on对产生有害影响(9)subscribe to订阅; 订购(报刊等)(10)get around (新闻或消息等)传开3. 话题句式(1)As we can see, online news media enjoys great popularity among pe

58、ople, especially young people. 我们可以看到, 网络新闻媒体在人们中非常受欢迎, 特别是年轻人。(2)It is clear that online news media is becoming increasingly popular among internet users all over the world. 很明显, 网络新闻媒体在全世界的互联网用户中越来越受欢迎。(3)One of the advantages of mass media is that it can satisfy peoples need for relevant informat

59、ion anytime, anywhere. 大众媒体的优势之一就是它能满足人们随时随地了解相关信息的需要。(4)On the one hand, mass media allow people to release news information freely. On the other hand, it provides a whole new platform for people to interact. 一方面, 大众媒体允许人们自由发布新闻信息。另一方面, 它为人们提供了一个全新的互动平台。(5)Another negative aspect is that it can mak

60、e false news spread more quickly than any other traditional media. 另一个消极的方面是, 它可以使假新闻传播得比任何其他传统媒体更快。(6)Online news media has more advantages over other traditional news media. 网络新闻媒体比其他传统新闻媒体更具优势。(7)Compared with traditional news media, online news media has many advantages. 网络新闻媒体与传统新闻媒体相比有很多优势。(8)

61、News is a fresh report of events, facts, or opinions that people do not know before they read your story. 新闻就是针对人们读你的报道之前还不知道的事件、事实或观点的一种全新报道。(9)China Daily covers both the national and international news so that I can know more about the world and broaden my horizons by reading it. 中国日报涵盖国内外新闻, 所以通过阅读它我能更多地了解世界, 开阔我的视野。(10)The best report is one that has the greatest interest of the largest number of people. 最好的报道是能够激起最多人最大兴趣的东西。关闭Word文档返回原板块25