新教材2021-2022学年译林版英语选择性必修第二册学案：UNIT 2 GRAMMAR AND USAGE .doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 2Sports culture Grammar and usage & Integrated skills要点精研探究学习1. reflect on/upon sth. 反省/认真思考某事 *(2020天津高考)Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living

2、long time ago. 阅读历史是一种奇妙的体验, 因为它使我们能够反思很久以前人们的社会和经济生活。*He stared at his own image reflected in the water. 他凝视着自己在水中的倒影。*When the suns rays hit the earth, a lot of the heat is reflected back into space. 太阳光线照射到地球时, 大量的热量被反射回太空。*She decided on reflection to accept his offer after all. 经过审慎的思考, 她决定还是接受

3、他的提议。【词块积累】(1)reflect v. 反映, 显示; 表达; 反射; 思考, 反省reflect. . . in. . . 在中映出的影像be reflected in倒映在; 反映在(2)reflection n. 反射; 反映; 映像; 沉思on reflection再三考虑【巧学助记】 形象记忆reflectHer image was reflected in the lake. He was reflecting on something. (1)语法填空It seems beautiful that the tall buildings are reflected (re

4、flect) in the lake around which there are many trees. Usually a childs behaviour is a reflection (reflect) of his family relationship and growth environment. The trip to that city was eye-opening for everyone, and near its end, all the young people in our group began to reflect on what it had meant.

5、 (2)句式升级There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture. There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon reflected in the picture. (分词作定语)When she reflected on her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her

6、 local colleagues. Reflecting on her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues. (分词作状语)2. limit n. 限度, 限制; 限量, 限额; 界限v. 限制, 限定, 限量, 减量*(2019北京高考)With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore

7、. 凭借她的天赋和决心, 天空似乎是爱丽丝摩尔的极限。*Ive limited myself to 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight. 我为了试着减肥, 限定自己每天摄入1 000卡的热量。*(2021浙江高考)Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 许多中国人对英语的了解有限。*She has to work within the limits of a fairly tight budget. 她不得不在一个相当紧张的预算范围内工作。【词块积累】(1)limit. .

8、. to . . . 把限定在范围内(2)set a limit to sth. 对限定范围within the limits of在范围内beyond the limit超过限度; 超越极限(3)limited adj. 有限的limitless adj. 无限制的; 无止境的(1)语法填空He was born in a poor family, and only received limited (limit) education in his childhood. Scientists have known how to use the limitless (limit) power

9、of the sun. (2)They believe that you will go beyond the limit, and go beyond yourselves. 他们相信, 你们将超越极限、超越自己。(3)I often think: a mans life is limited, the challenge is without limit/limitless. 我常想: 一个人的生命是有限的, 而挑战是无极限的。3. bend vi. & vt. (bent, bent)(使)倾斜, 偏向; (使四肢)弯曲; (使)拐弯n. 拐弯, 弯道*When the boy caug

10、ht sight of Poppy, he went rushing toward the dog and bent down to give her a big hug. 当男孩看到波比时, 他冲过去, 弯下腰给了它一个大大的拥抱。*We shall never bend before difficulties. 我们决不会在困难面前屈服。*Can you bend down and touch your toes without bending your knees? 你能弯下腰不屈膝碰到你的脚趾吗? *You just have to sit down like this, bend o

11、ver and breath in deeply. 你只需要像这样坐着, 弯腰然后深呼吸。【词块积累】(1)bend before/to屈从于bend down弯腰; 蹲下bend over俯身(2)a sharp bend急转弯(3)bent adj. 弯曲的; 弯腰的, 驼背的【熟词生义】You have to be able to bend a little in class so that you can follow your teacher. (vt. 专心)语法填空(1)Tony was so tall that he had to bend down/over to get t

12、hrough the doorway. (2)I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left. (3)Do this exercise with your knees bent(bend). 4. walk on air欢天喜地, 得意洋洋*(2021全国甲卷)It was an extremely cold winters evening and freezing fog hung in the air. 那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上, 空气中弥漫着冻雾。*After winning the cham

13、pionship , I felt like I could walk on air. 获得冠军后, 我(高兴得)飘飘欲仙。*If enough students dont like the show, the network may actually reconsider putting it on the air. 如果不喜欢这个节目的学生达到一定数量, 那么电视台会认真考虑是否要播出这档节目。*The girl has lost many friends because of her airs and graces. 那个女孩因为架子大, 已经失去了很多朋友。【词块积累】(1)by ai

14、r乘飞机; 通过航空途径on the air在广播, 广播中in the air在空中; 悬而未决; 在流传中; 不设防(2)float/walk on air欢天喜地; 得意洋洋(3)airs and graces摆架子; 装腔作势(1)语法填空He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air. It was cooler here, and there was dampness in the air. (2)完成句子After hearing the good news that night, Charles walked/float

15、ed on air. 听到这个好消息后, 查尔斯得意洋洋。Has anything youve ever said on the air really gotten you in trouble? 你播报中所说过的话有没有给你惹过麻烦? 5. keep sth. in perspective正确客观地看待 *(2020天津高考)I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye on him. 我不在家时, 从不为儿子担心, 因为我母亲会照看他的。*Americans visiting Asia

16、 should keep in mind that such behavior may cause offense. 前往亚洲访问的美国人应记住, 这种行为可能会冒犯他人。*But sometimes, very formal clothes will keep you at a distance from your colleagues. 但是有时候, 非常正式的衣服会让你和同事之间产生距离。*(2020天津高考)We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep th

17、em awake. 我们可能不得不强迫自己唤醒我们的好奇心和不满, 让它们保持清醒。【词块积累】“keep+宾语+介词短语(作宾补)”结构常用短语: (1)keep ones distance from . . . =keep . . . at a distance与保持距离/疏远keep. . . in mind记住keep . . . under control控制(2)keep ones eyes on注视, 盯着看, 关注keep an eye on照看; 留意; 密切注视【知识延伸】“keep+宾语+宾补”结构除以上情形外, 还常见如下情形: (1)keep+n. /pron. +现

18、在分词(2)keep+n. /pron. +过去分词(3)keep+n. /pron. +形容词/副词/名词(1)语法填空The people in the hall seemed very strange, keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. It was difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone at a distance. (2)It helps you keep things in perspective, when you have a long path

19、to travel before your dreams are realized. 当你还没有实现心中的理想, 而面前还有很长的路要走时, 它能让你正确地看待事物。(3)You must constantly keep in mind that haste makes waste. 你必须时刻牢记: 欲速则不达。 【补偿训练】(1)语法填空The TV program Readers was so exciting that all the students kept their eyes fixed (fix) on the screen. Next, keep the conversat

20、ion going (go) by asking questions to show interest. (2)It can prevent us from getting short-sighted and it can keep us physically healthy. 它能够使我们预防近视, 而且能使我们身体健康。6. Whether you come first or last, it is important to remember that at any sporting event, you face two opponents: your fellow competitor

21、s and yourself. 无论你是第一名还是最后一名, 重要的是要记住, 在任何体育赛事中, 你都面临着两个对手: 与你同场竞技的人和你自己。【句式解构】句中whether. . . or. . . 引导的是让步状语从句, 意为“不管还是”。*(2019天津高考) People who work toward such excellence whether they are driving a truck, or running a store make the world better just by being the kind of people they are. 那些努力追求卓

22、越的人无论是开卡车的, 还是开商店的通过成为他们自己的那种人, 让世界变得更好。*(2020江苏高考)Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. 不同的基因表现不同, 这取决于一个人在走路前是否吃过东西。 whether. . . or. . . (1)whether. . . or(not). . . 还可以引导名词性从句, 意为“是否, 是不是”。(2)连接并列主语, 谓语动词应用就近一致原则。相似的还有: whether. . . or.

23、 . . ; neither. . . nor; either. . . or. . . ; not. . . but(1)语法填空I will go, whether you come with me or stay(stay) at home. In my opinion, not you but he is responsible for the accident. Whether theyre good manners or not depends(depend) on where you are. (2)(2020江苏高考)It is not a problem whether we

24、 can win the battle; its just a matter of time. 我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题; 这只是时间的事。【要点拾遗】1. in praise of歌颂; 为赞扬*I cannot say enough in praise of his work. 我对他的工作赞扬不已, 怎么说也不嫌过分。*(2020天津高考)Modern women are energetic, ambitious, and most of all, persistent in pursuit of their goals. 现代女性是精力充沛, 乐观进取的, 并且最重要的是, 她们坚

25、持不懈地追求自己的目标。*The court is in charge of removing dangerous products. 该法庭负责清除危险产品。【词块积累】in charge of负责; 掌管in need of需要in memory of纪念, 追念in honor of向表示敬意, 为祝贺in possession of拥有, 占有in pursuit of追求, 寻求有无冠词, 意义差别大in charge of意为“负责, 主管”, 主语通常为表示人的词语; in the charge of意为“被管理, 由负责”, 主语通常是被管理的事物。in possession

26、of表主动, 意为“拥有; 占有”, 主语通常为表示人的词语; in the possession of表被动, 意为“被占有”, 主语通常为表示物的词语。(1)语法填空Deeds are better than words when people are in need of help. Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory (memorial)of Earharts final flight. The teacher spoke in

27、praise of those students who helped each other. (2)一句多译 下周主管不在时, 我将负责整个工厂。Ill be in charge of the whole factory next week when the director is away. The whole factory will be in the charge of me next week when the director is away. 2. became/be aware of意识到; 体会到*Please be aware that you will not rece

28、ive this smart card during Welcome Week if you do not upload your image online by 4 September 2022. 请注意, 如果您在2022年9月4日前没有在网上上传您的图片, 您将不会在欢迎周期间收到这张智能卡。*We will double our effort to raise peoples awareness of environment. 我们还要做出更大的努力来提高人们的环境意识。*People should be aware that climate change is no joke. 人们

29、应该意识到气候变化并非开玩笑。*His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要性。【词块积累】(1)be/become aware of意识到; 体会到make sb. aware of/that使某人注意到be aware that. . . 意识到; 体会到(2)awareness n. 意识; 认识raise ones awareness of. . . 提高某人的意识(1)(2019北京高考)Ea

30、rth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 每年的4月22日是“地球日”, 旨在提高公众的环保意识。(2)As a member of the society, I am/become aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society. 作为社会的一员, 我意识到要让社会变得更好, 必须要有责任心。(3)It was Mr

31、Liu who made me aware of the importance of learning English well. 是刘先生使我意识到学好英语的重要性。语法精讲深化学习过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态1. When my breathing returned to normal, I reflected on what had just been achieved. 2. Six weeks ago, my friends told me that a city half-marathon for amateurs was being organized to help rai

32、se money for charity, and encouraged me to take part. 3. I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before. 4. I was happy to learn that a lot of money had been raised for charity. 观察以上句子并用所给词的适当形式填空: 1. My house was being decorated (decorate)when you vis

33、ited Beijing last time, so I didnt invite you to my home. 2. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped (trap)in the mountains for two days. 一、语态语态是动词的一种形式, 表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系, 分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者, 被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。被动语态的基本形式为“助动词be+done”, 其中助动词be随

34、着人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化, 后面常用by引出动作的执行者。*In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is used frequently to cover painful feelings. 在东南亚国家的文化中, 微笑常常被用来掩饰痛苦的情感。*Five reporters were sent to cover the conference. 五名记者被派去报道这次会议。*You will be abandoned by your fans. 你将被粉丝抛弃。*A new bridge is being built at present. 一座新桥现

35、在正在建造中。*Some people have been ruined by their desire for wealth. 一些人被他们对财富的贪欲毁了。*We couldnt use the computer. It was being repaired. 我们不能使用那台电脑, 它正在被维修。*When the boss got to the office, all the work had been finished. 老板到达办公室时, 所有的工作都完成了。 语法填空(1)(2018江苏高考)I was sent to the village last month to see

36、how the development plan had been carried (carry)out in the past two years. (2)Mike, did you see Mr Chapman in the office just now? Yes, he was being interviewed(interview), and he looked a little bit nervous. 二、过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态1. 过去进行时的被动语态(1)过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。*Unfortunately, my classmates

37、 and I went to the Art Museum last Monday, only to be told that it was being decorated. 不幸的是, 我和我的同学上周一去了艺术博物馆, 却被告知它正在被装修。(2)过去进行时的被动语态构成形式为was/were being done。*The stone under her feet rolled, and as she was being pulled into the river, she called out for help. 她脚下的石头滚动着, 当她正被拖进河里时, 她大声呼救。 *The fa

38、rmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they were being trapped in the snowstorm. 这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时, 解放军战士及时赶来营救。2. 过去完成时的被动语态(1)过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。*Johnson risked his life saving his daughter who had been trapped in the mountain for two days. Johnson冒着生命危险挽救了他被困在山里两天的女儿。(2)过去完成时的被动

39、语态构成形式为had been done。*Lisa had to have her car repaired in a garage because it had been damaged seriously . 丽莎的车损坏得很严重, 她必须把车送到修车厂修理。【知识延伸】被动语态的用法1. 不知道或没有必要指明动作的执行者*He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he was being followed. 他匆匆赶回家, 一次也没有回头看看是否有人跟踪他。2. 强调或突出动作的承受者*We were told all the

40、 work had been finished by now. 我们被告知到现在为止所有的工作都已经完成了。3. 动作执行者被较长的修饰语修饰*The idea was supported by those who wished to make much money. 想挣许多钱的人们支持那个主意。注意: 动词短语在含被动语态的句子中作谓语时, 不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。*Bad habits have been done away with. 坏习惯已经改掉了。语法填空(1)Health experts were observing up to 18 people for possible

41、exposure to Ebola(埃博拉), five students were being monitored (monitor)after coming into contact with the patient, Dallas officials said. (2)By the end of the 1980s, about 9. 5 million elephants had been killed(kill) for the ivory trade in South Africa. (3)By the end of last year, another new gymnasium

42、 had been completed (complete) in Beijing. 【补偿训练】(1)He began to lose heart because every means had been tried already. 他开始失去信心了, 因为每种方法都已经试过了。(2)These trees, which had been planted three years ago, were cut down. 三年前栽的这些树被砍倒了。(3)I had a feeling that I was being traced by someone. 我觉得有人正在跟踪我。(4)Parti

43、cipants at the conference were thankful for the information that had been provided for them. 参加会议的人非常感激为他们提供的信息。使用本单元所学语法知识, 用所给动词的适当形式填空。On September 3 last year, the city 1. was hit (hit)by severe floods. By 9 pm that day, several temples built hundreds of years ago 2. had been destroyed(destroy).

44、 Later it was reported that dozens of people were injured and scores of cars 3. had been washed (wash)away by the floods. The government called on everyone to fight the disaster actively and soon the flood 4. were brought (bring)under control . 读写结合表达升级写一篇关于体育精神的文章Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解Task 2文本微观剖析: 特色表

45、达1. Choose the best answer. (1)What is the most important for an athlete according to the first paragraph? A. Try his best to win. B. Do not mind failure. C. Become a celebrity admired by all. D. Make right decisions for right reasons. (2)The Pierre de Coubertin medalA. was set up by Pierre de Coube

46、rtin himself. B. is awarded to the athlete who ranks first. C. is in praise of the true spirit of sportsmanship. D. was founded to comfort whoever lose the game. (3)Why does the writer tell us the story of Monti? A. Because he made a wrong decision for a wrong reason. B. Because he thinks it was a p

47、ity that Monti came third at last. C. Because he showed us what is the acts of sportsmanship. D. Because he was very competitive during the two-man bobsleigh final. 答案: (1)(3)DCC2. Write down useful sentences used to describe the true spirit of sportsmanship. (1)Whether you come first or last, it is

48、 important to remember that at any sporting event, you face two opponents: your fellow competitors and yourself. (2)A true sportsperson will make the right decisions for the right reasons and not worry about failure. (3)There is an old and very wise saying, repeated many times, “Win with humility, l

49、ose with grace, and do both with dignity. ”(4)Montis remarkable, unselfish decision to help a fellow competitor, in the final stages of an Olympic event, is an example to us all. 假设你们学校英语角正在组织一场辩论赛, 辩题是: 体育比赛更注重成绩还是更注重精神? 假设你是正方一辩手, 请你根据以下提示用英语写一段立论阐述己方立场。1. 阐明己方观点体育精神更重要; 2. 举例证明己方观点; 3. 总结己方观点。参考素

50、材和词汇: 2015年, 在西班牙举行的一次自行车赛上, 自行车手伊斯梅尔埃斯特班(Ismael Esteban)终点前爆胎扛车继续比赛, 他的对手, 37岁的纳瓦罗(Navarro)减速拒绝超越他。注意: 词数80左右。_完成句子1. 我们坚持体育精神更重要。We insist sportsmanship is more important. 2. 伊斯梅尔埃斯特班的自行车在接近终点的时候爆了胎, 他扛着车继续比赛。Ismael Estebans bicycle suffered a flat tire near the finish line, and he continued with

51、it on his shoulder. 3. 他的对手, 37岁的纳瓦罗减速拒绝超越他。His opponent, 37-year-old Navarro, slowed down and refused to pass him. 4. 纳瓦罗说在终点线之前超过埃斯特班是不道德的行为。Navarro said it was immoral to pass Esteban just before the finish line. 5. 成绩只是体育运动的一个方面, 获胜不是一切。Achievement is only one aspect of sports and thus winning i

52、snt everything. 6. 记录会被打破, 个人可以被超越。Records can be broken and individuals can be surpassed. 7. 友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神将永远伴随着我们。The spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play will live with us forever. 句式升级8. 用while引导的并列句合并句2和句3。Ismael Estebans bicycle suffered a flat tire near the finish line, and he conti

53、nued with it on his shoulder while his opponent, 37-year-old Navarro, slowed down and refused to pass him. 9. 用虚拟语气改写句4。Navarro said it would have been immoral to pass Esteban just before the finish line. 10. 用承前省略改写句6。Records can be broken and individuals surpassed. We insist sportsmanship is more

54、important. Lets take a cycling race in Spain in 2015 as an example. Ismael Estebans bicycle suffered a flat tire near the finish line, and he continued with it on his shoulder while his opponent, 37-year-old Navarro, slowed down and refused to pass him. Navarro said it would have been immoral to pas

55、s Esteban just before the finish line. So we insist achievement is only one aspect of sports and thus winning isnt everything. Records can be broken and individuals surpassed. The spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play will live with us forever. 【话题拓展】1. 话题特点运动与健康、运动员精神是一个很受欢迎的热点话题, 体育界也是一个名

56、人辈出的领域。它鼓励更高、更快、更远, 同时也鼓励友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神。2. 话题词汇(1)diving n. 跳水(2)final n. 决赛(3)cheer vt. & vi. 欢呼; (为)喝彩(4)cheering squad 啦啦队(5)try out for 参加选拔(6)become the pride of the nation成为国家的骄傲(7)break the record打破纪录(8)strengthen friendship增进友谊(9)participate in the bidding campaign参加申办活动(10)set a new world re

57、cord创新世界纪录3. 话题句式(1)体育活动When it comes to table tennis, China is undoubtedly the best. 谈到乒乓球, 中国无疑是最好的。Our school sports team is second to none in our city, with excellent athletes who have won many gold medals in various competitions. 我校体育队在我市首屈一指, 很多优秀的运动员都在各种比赛中获得多块金牌。A wide range of sports events

58、 can be held, among which ping-pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. 可以举行各种体育活动, 其中乒乓球、足球和跑步比赛最受欢迎。It is strongly recommended that the school should give students more free time to take part in sports activities. 强烈建议学校给学生们更多的自由时间参加体育活动。Its time to stay away from the

59、 TV and computer and to take part in sports activities. 是时候远离电视、电脑去参加体育活动了。In response to the Sunshine Sports Activities launched by our school, we have organized long-distance running in the morning. 为了响应学校发起的阳光体育活动, 我们早上组织了长跑活动。(2)体育活动的意义和评价I have joined the basketball team, where I not only learn

60、 the importance of teamwork but also strengthen my body, which is of great benefit to my mental health as well as physical health. 我加入篮球队, 从中我不但懂得了团队合作的重要性, 还增强了我的体质, 这对我的身心健康大有益处。Sports and games are also very useful for character training. 体育运动还有利于品格的培养。Of all the sports, I like basketball best. I hold the view that it is not only a sport but also an art, because it is a game that needs strength and skill. 在所有运动中, 我最喜欢篮球。我认为它不仅是一项运动, 而且是一门艺术, 因为它需要力气和技术并用。关闭Word文档返回原板块