2022秋新教材高中英语 Unit 1 People of Achievement 过关检测 新人教版选择性必修第一册.docx

1、第一单元过关检测(时间:90分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYou probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams

2、(1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to wi

3、n the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907-1964)If it werent for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Da

4、y OConnor(1930-present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School,in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and,in 1981,the first woman to join the US Supreme Court.OConnor gave the deciding vote in

5、many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913-2005)On 1 December 1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a y

6、ear,and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,” said Parks.1.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A.Her social work.B.Her teaching skills.C.Her efforts to win a prize.D.Her community background.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Anyone who has ever been helped by a so

7、cial worker has Jane Addams to thank.”可知,任何曾经得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams,由此推知,她在历史上以社会工作者而闻名。故选A项。2.What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A.Her lack of proper training in law.B.Her little work experience in court.C.The discrimination against women.D.The poor financial condit

8、ions.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“.she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.”可知,她没能在法律事务所找到工作是因为她是一名女性,这是对于女性的歧视。故选C项。3.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?A.Jane Addams.B.Rachel Carson.C.Sandra Day OConnor.D.Rosa Parks.答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“.and kicked off

9、the civil-rights movement.”可知,Rosa Parks对民权运动做出了贡献。故选D项。BI always feel sorry for world leaders busy dealing with fights between nations.When my three children were young,most days it was hard to keep my house from becoming a battlefield.It got worse as they grew older.Three years ago,Zack,then 16,co

10、uldnt make it through a day without making his sisters,Alex 11 and Taryn 9,angry.My husband and I tried to be understanding the boy at such an age.We reasoned,punished,and left heartfelt notes on his bed about how he was hurting our family.His answer was “I say it because its true.”I even tried tell

11、ing the girls to fight back.Bad idea.Now I had three children at war.Whatever I said to them,they paid no attention.When there was no way out,I told everything to my sister,Mary,in an email.She replied,“Dont email me.Email him.”Our son was online every day,mailing and talking with his friends.Maybe

12、he would actually hear me this way.I didnt say anything different,but email just took the tension away.Thered be no shouting or door banging.Zack wouldnt feel under attack.Zack didnt reply for days.When he finally did,his entire message was four small words.I smiled when I read them:“Youre right.Im

13、sorry.”The children still fought,of course,but Zack changed.Best of all,I now have a better way to talk with not one but three of them.I like it that they dont tune me out as much as they used to.They like not having to listen to me shouting to them.Or as Alex says,“Youre so much nicer online.”All I

14、 know is that the house is quiet.But were talking.4.What was the trouble before the online talk in the family?A.The children couldnt get along peacefully.B.The writer failed to understand her daughters.C.The family found it difficult to keep the house clean.D.The parents were not willing to talk wit

15、h their children.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Three years ago,Zack,then 16,couldnt make it through a day without making his sisters,Alex 11 and Taryn 9,angry.”可知,在作者给儿子发邮件之前的日子里,孩子们不能和平相处。故选A项。5.The writer emailed her sister .A.to escape from the problemB.hoping shed email the boyC.to tell her about the famil

16、y problemD.asking about child-raising答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When there was no way out,I told everything to my sister,Mary,in an email.”可知,作者在没有办法解决的情况下,给姐姐发了邮件说这个问题。故选C项。6.The underlined phrase “tune me out” in the passage probably means “”.A.pay no attention to meB.get angry with meC.quarrel with meD.k

17、eep me out of their rooms答案A解析词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Whatever I said to them,they paid no attention.”可知,在以前孩子们不理会作者说的话,再根据画线词后的“as much as they used to”可知,本句意思是作者喜欢孩子们不像以前那样忽视她。故选A项。7.Why does the writer feel sorry for world leaders busy dealing with fights between nations?A.Because she doesnt think the lead

18、ers are successful.B.Because she doesnt think fights can be stopped.C.Because she has nothing to do with the leaders.D.Because she can understand that the leaders job is hard.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When my three children were young,most days it was hard to keep my house from becoming a battlefield.”可知,作

19、者之所以理解国家领导人的难处,是因为她难以处理孩子们之间的矛盾。故选D项。CWhen Albert Einstein was young,he was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone.He was slow to talk and had difficulty in learning to read.When Albert was five years old,his father gave him a compass.Albert was filled with wonder when he discovered that the

20、 compass needle always pointed in the same directionthe north.He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move.Their answers were difficult for Albert to understand.Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them.He said later that he felt something must be hidden behind things.Albert

21、 didnt like school.The German schools of that time were not pleasant.Students couldnt ask questions.Albert said he felt as if he were in prison.One day Albert told his uncle Jacob how much he hated school,especially mathematics.His uncle told him to solve mathematical problems by pretending to be a

22、policeman.“You are looking for someone,” he said,“but you dont know who he is.Call him .Find him by using your mathematical tools.”Albert learnt to love mathematics.He was studying the complex mathematics of calculus(微积分) while all his friends were still studying simple mathematics.Instead of playin

23、g with his friends he thought about things such as “What would happen if people could travel at the speed of light?”Albert wanted to teach mathematics and physics.He graduated with honours,but it was a pity that he could not get a teaching job.8.According to paragraph 2,we can learn that Albert Eins

24、tein .A.was interested in the compassB.wanted to be a great scientistC.was not clever enoughD.didnt like thinking by himself答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Albert was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same directionthe north.”可知,爱因斯坦对指南针很感兴趣。故选A项。9.Why did Albert

25、 Einstein hate school?A.He couldnt play with his friends there.B.Students were not allowed to ask questions.C.The schools were like prisons at that time.D.He had to learn mathematics that he didnt like.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The German schools of that time were not pleasant.Students couldnt ask question

26、s.”可知,德国学校不允许学生问问题,因此,爱因斯坦不喜欢学校。故选B项。10.What does the underlined word “complex” probably mean?A.Useful.B.Difficult.C.Boring.D.Interesting.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据本句“He was studying the complex mathematics of calculus while all his friends were still studying simple mathematics.”说明该词与simple是反义词。difficult“困难的”符合

27、语境。故选B项。11.We can learn from the passage that .A.Einstein became a mathematics teacher after graduationB.Einstein gradually loved mathematics with his uncles helpC.Einsteins uncle was a policemanD.Einstein liked playing with other children答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三段内容可知他的叔叔教他如何学习数学,他是在叔叔的影响下喜欢上数学的。故选B项。D

28、If your job requires a lot of sitting,you could be putting your health at danger.The American Journal of Epidemiology(流行病学) did a study in 2010 on the correlation(关联) between sitting and an individuals physical health.In the study,53,440 working men and 69,776 working women were surveyed on their ti

29、me spent sitting.The subjects were all disease free when employed.The researchers identified 11,307 deaths in men and 7,923 deaths in women during the 14-year follow-up.The findings:Women who reported sitting for more than six hours per day had an approximately 40 higher all-cause death rate than th

30、ose who reported less than three hours a day,and men had an approximately 20 higher death rate.Well,nows a fine time to get this information.But why didnt they tell me this years ago?I would have planned on taking a more active job instead of the sedentary(需要久坐的) job of an editor.So what can you do

31、if you have to work for a living at a job that requires a lot of sitting?Here are some ideas:First,take frequent breaks.It is recommended that workers vary activities,change their position,and take short breaks every 20 minutes to rest muscles and increase blood circulation.Second,get a standing des

32、k.Some studies have shown that working from an upright position may be better for health.The serious fitness people can even purchase a treadmill(跑步机) desk.It only goes about one mile per hour.Third,have a walking meeting.If your group is kind of small,going for a walk while discussing topics is a g

33、ood alternative.12.According to the text,the study in 2010 .A.found men reporting shorter sitting time than womenB.surveyed more men than women on their daily sitting timeC.identified fewer deaths in men than in women during the 14-year follow-upD.discovered correlation between sitting and physical

34、health in men and in women答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The American Journal of Epidemiology did a study in 2010 on the correlation between sitting and an individuals physical health.”可知,美国流行病学杂志在2010年做了一个关于久坐和个人身体健康关联的研究调查。故选D项。13.We can infer from the text that the author did not recommend .A.using a stand

35、ing deskB.resting ones musclesC.quitting sedentary jobsD.taking a walk while discussing答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,作者建议那些长时间坐着工作的人使用立式办公桌,放松肌肉或者边走边讨论,并没有提到放弃久坐不动的工作。故选C项。14.What does the underlined word “subjects” in paragraph 2 mean?A.Things being discussed.B.People being studied.C.Areas of knowledge being

36、 learned.D.Objects being painted.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“In the study,53,440 working men and 69,776 working women were surveyed on their time spent sitting.”可知,该研究对53,440个男员工和69,776个女员工坐着的时间进行了调查,发现这些人在受雇时均无疾病。由此可知画线词词义为“被调查的人”。故选B项。15.What is the main idea of the text?A.Your long-sitting job could be ki

37、lling you.B.Working out leads to health risks.C.Long-time sitting is positively associated with health.D.A study on sitting time and physical health was completed.答案A解析主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是根据第二段中的“The American Journal of Epidemiology did a study in 2010 on the correlation between sitting and an individuals

38、 physical health.”以及第三段的研究结果可知,本文主要介绍的是美国流行病学杂志的一项研究表明,工作时久坐对我们的身体健康有不利影响。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The most successful people all have certain habits in their daily routines.These habits help contribute to their success.Forming a new good habit can be a

39、 struggle,but it is well worth the effort.16Set your goal.Before you can begin to work on your new habit,it is worthwhile to consider your goal.17 Make sure that your goal is specific,measurable and realistic to increase your chances of success.18Choosing the habits that are most likely to help you

40、achieve your goal is important.After you have set your goal and worked out all the specifics of achieving that goal,identify a habit that is part of achieving that goal.Consider what good habit would help you accomplish that goal.Consider your motivation.Once you have identified your goal and the ne

41、w habit you need to accomplish this goal,take some time to consider your motivation.19 Good motivation can be the difference between success and failure in terms of forming a new habit.So take your time to consider your motivation.Give yourself time.Forming a new habit can take a long time.Some peop

42、le can form a new habit in as little as a few weeks,while other people will take several months.As you work to form your new habit,just keep in mind that it may be a while before it comes true.20A.Identify ways to achieve goals.B.Find the habit you want to form.C.Good habits are sure to make you a s

43、uccess.D.Here are the four steps you can follow to form good habits.E.Figure out exactly what you hope to accomplish.F.Try to be patient with yourself as you form your new habit.G.Your motivation is the reason you want to form this new habit.答案1620 DEBGF第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短

44、文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。An English man is being praised for his act of kindness.He 21 an expensive bike for 80 only so he could return it to its 22 owner.26-year-old Burke was about to leave the 23 after finishing his routine physical exercises when he was 24 by three men asking if he wan

45、ted to buy a bike.Burke was immediately 25 of its origin since they were trying to sell the 1,350 bike for 80.Apart from that,he 26 there was a bike lock still 27 to the rear wheel(后轮).After Burke got the bike,he posted a photo of it on social media to 28 its owner.Within hours,Burke was 29 by the b

46、ikes owner on the phone,whose house had been burgled(入室盗窃).The mans 30 for its return was beyond words.He tried to 31 the money to Burke,but Burke refused,telling 32 that he “didnt feel right taking money from the unfortunate man.”Burke has since been reported by social media for his “heroic” deed,a

47、lthough he 33 that he did not return the bike for media attention.34,Burke was delighted to receive the online 35 to his honesty.21.A.rentedB.purchasedC.soldD.borrowed答案B解析设空处与第三段中“After Burke got the bike. ”的“got”在语义范畴上一致,表示“购买”。rent“出租,租用”;purchase“购买”;sell“出售”;borrow“借”。故选B项。22.A.carelessB.desper

48、ateC.generousD.original答案D解析根据第三段首句“After Burke got the bike,he posted a photo of it on social media to its owner.”可知,Burke买下自行车后,在社交媒体上发布了自行车的照片,希望能够联系上物主。careless“粗心的”;desperate“绝望的;拼命的”;generous“慷慨的;仁慈的;丰富的”;original“原来的;最初的”。故选D项。23.A.gymB.officeC.factoryD.station答案A解析根据设空后信息“after finishing his

49、 routine physical exercises”可知,Burke应是在健身房锻炼身体。gym“健身房”;office“办公室”;factory“工厂”;station“车站”。故选A项。24.A.persuadedB.requiredC.approachedD.begged答案C解析Burke在健身房结束健身活动准备离开时,三个人走近他问他是否想买自行车。persuade“说服”;require“需要”;approach“接近;走近”;beg“恳求;祈求;乞讨”。故选C项。25.A.awareB.skepticalC.confidentD.nervous答案B解析根据设空后的“.sin

50、ce they were trying to sell the 1,350 bike for 80.”可知,售价1350英镑的自行车只需80英镑就可以买到,Burke对此感到怀疑。aware“意识到;察觉到”;skeptical“怀疑的”;confident“有信心的;确信的”;nervous“焦虑的;胆怯的”。故选B项。26.A.ignoredB.understoodC.predictedD.noticed答案D解析句意:除对价格差距感到怀疑外,他还注意到自行车后轮上还上着锁。ignore“忽视;不予理睬”,understand“理解”;predict“预言;预告;预报”;notice“注意

51、到”。故选D项。27.A.attachedB.exposedC.comparedD.adjusted答案A解析句意同上题。attach“把附在上”;expose“暴露;揭穿”;compare“比较;对比”;adjust“调整;适应;整理”。故选A项。28.A.consultB.trackC.protectD.educate答案B解析Burke买下自行车后在社交媒体上发布照片,希望能追踪到物主。consult“咨询;查询”;track“追踪”;protect“保护”;educate“教育;训练”。故选B项。29.A.praisedB.visitedC.reachedD.reminded答案C解析

52、根据语境可知,此处表示几小时内,自行车的主人就通过电话联系了Burke。praise“赞扬”;visit“参观”;reach“(尤指用电话)联系”;remind“提醒;使想起”。故选C项。30.A.preferenceB.thankfulnessC.loveD.enthusiasm答案B解析对于素不相识的Burke买下自行车并设法归还给自己的善举,自行车主人的感激之情自然是难以言表,当他试图偿还Burke购车的费用时,Burke拒绝了。故选B项。31.A.put inB.get outC.set asideD.pay back答案D解析句意同上题。put in“安装;正式提出(要求等)”;ge

53、t out“出版,困难地说出”;set aside“省出;把搁到一旁”;pay back“偿还”。故选D项。32.A.reportersB.ownersC.audiencesD.bike-lovers答案A解析根据最后一段中的“Burke has since been reported by social media for his heroic deed.”可知,社交媒体对Burke的善举进行了报道。reporter“记者”;owner“主人”;audience“观众”;bike-lover“自行车爱好者”。故选A项。33.A.promisedB.deniedC.stressedD.acce

54、pted答案C解析句意:尽管社交媒体自那以后报道了他的“英雄”事迹,但Burke强调自己将自行车物归原主并不是为了吸引媒体的关注。promise“承诺”;deny“否认;否定;拒绝”;stress“强调”;accept“接受”。故选C项。34.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.MeanwhileD.However答案D解析此处表示转折,故选However。therefore“因此,所以”;otherwise“否则,除此以外”;meanwhile“与此同时”;however“然而”。故选D项。35.A.welcomeB.displayC.assessmentD.discussion

55、答案A解析设空处填入的词应与文章首句“An English man is being praised for his act of kindness.”中的“praised”在范畴上一致,即受到表扬、受到欢迎。welcome“欢迎”;display“展览”;assessment“评估”;discussion“讨论”。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mei Lanfang was good at playing the role of women in Beijing operas,36.(call) “D

56、an”.Mr Mei Lanfang increased international communication 37. China and other countries as the forerunner(先驱) 38. spreads Beijing opera abroad.He visited Japan in 1919,1924 and 1956.In 1930,he 39.(visit) America.He visited Russia 40. 1935 and 1952,which gained him a high reputation.During this period

57、 he knew many famous 41.(artist),singers,dancers,writers 42. painters.Because of his travels,there was an 43.(improve) culture understanding in many countries.From that time on,Beijing opera was 44.(list) into the dictionary of international drama.Mr Mei Lanfang 45.(be) the symbol of Chinese acting

58、art.答案36.called37.between38.who/that39.visited40.in41.artists42.and43.improved44.listed45.is第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,你们班级的节目哈姆雷特(Hamlet)将参加下个月学校“英语文化节”话剧(drama)比赛,请你给度假中的外教Mr Hurst写一封电子邮件,并附上节目录像,请他给予相关的指导。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好。Dear Mr Hurst, Yours sincerely,Li Hua参考范

59、文Dear Mr Hurst,I am sorry to trouble you during your vacation.My classmates and I would like to ask for your help.Our school is having a Drama Competition next month as part of an English Cultural Festival,and we have been working hard on our performance Hamlet.I have sent a video of practising play

60、 by ourselves.Could you please tell us what you think of our performance and acting?Also,is there anything we can do to improve our clothing,light and sound effects?We look forward to your ideas and thank you for your help.I do hope youll enjoy your holiday!Yours sincerely,Li Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其

61、内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。9-year-old Igor lived in a huge forest in the north of Russia.His father was a woodcutter and his mother was a tailor.The boy liked playing with animals in the forest,and knew the names of different birds and their songs.One freezing winter,Igor was seriously i

62、ll and the doctor who was from big cities told his parents that only surprise could save him.Lying all day in bed,Igor only wanted his father to catch a bird and played with it.But in winter there were no birds in the forest.“You could make him a bird out of wood,”suggested the anxious mother.The fi

63、rst finished bird was fat and too heavy to fly.He threw it into the fire but the head was in hands.It was snowing heavily,and he really didnt know where to find a bird.Then an idea occurred to him,“The bird needs two pieces of wood.”Eventually,he made it and showed it to his wife.“Beautiful!”she sai

64、d,taking a needle and thread(线) and sewing the two ends together,like a real bird.She tied a long thread to the birds back.And it could be hung above Igors bed.Quietly,the woodcutter hung the bird above the boys bed.At daybreak,his son was watching the bird carefully.There was a light in his eyes fo

65、r the first time in many weeks.“Beautiful!”said Igor.“Ive never seen it before in the forest.Whats its name?”“Thats a good question.Ill find out and tell you.”The next morning,when the father entered Igors room,he found the boy sitting up in bed,trying to touch the bird.The last time Igor sat up in

66、bed was many weeks ago.“Whats it called?” the boy asked.“Oh,dear,Im still not sure.”Late on that night,Igors father went into his sons room quietly and made the thread a little shorter.Then the bird was hanging a little higher above Igors head.Three days later,he found Igor kneeling on the bed,tryin

67、g to touch the bird.His hand was very near it.“Have you decided on the name?”“Not yet.My son.”his father replied.Again,at night the father went into his sons room. Several days later,Igors father was cutting wood when he heard a scream from the house. 参考范文Again,at night the father went into his sons

68、 room.Seeing Igor was asleep,he put the bird a little higher and left.To his joy,Igor was able to stand on the bed and nearly touch the bird the second day.He wanted to make it go round in person.The woodcutter encouraged his son to go on trying and told him it was not as high as he thought.However,

69、Igor still wanted to know the name of the bird.The father said he was trying to figure out the kind of the bird.Several days later,Igors father was cutting wood when he heard a scream from the house.He ran quickly to his sons bedroom.He couldnt believe what he saw.Igor was jumping up and down excite

70、dly on his bed.It was above his head that the bird was going round very fast.He showed off his performance to his father.“Please tell me,whats its name?”“Its called the bird of surprise,”his father replied excitedly.And his mother,standing at the door,cried tears of joy to see her young son full of life once again.