专题11 形容词与副词60题(知识讲解 易错习题训练)-2022学年九年级英语寒假作业查缺补漏冲刺中考(通用版).doc
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1、九年级寒假作业 查缺补漏冲刺中考(知识讲解+易错习题训练)专题11 形容词与副词60题一、形容词的定义:形容词是指用来修饰名词或代词, 表示人或事物的性质、状态及特征的词。有些形容词是由名词变化而来, 看下表:名词词尾加yram rainy luck lucky wind windy双写最后一个辅音字母加ysun sunny fog foggy名词后加lylove lovely friend friendly在某些国名后加上eseChina Chinese Japan Japanese注意: 英语中还有许多名词变形容词的特殊变法, 我们在学习中要牢记, 如: carecareful, Afri
2、caAfrican, GermanyGerman(一)形容词和副词的用法:形容词的用法:1. 作定语: 形容词可以放在名词前面, 作定语, 起修饰人或事物的作用。大多数形容词都可以作定语, 如: a happy child 一个快乐的孩子2. 作表语: 形容词可以放在be动词后面, 作表语, 表示人或事物的性质、状态及特征。如: Mary is clever. 玛丽很聪明 注意: 有些形容词通常只用在系动词后作表语, 如alive (活着的), awake (醒着的), afraid (害怕的), asleep (睡着的), alone (孤独的), ill (生病的), well (身体好的
3、)等。 常用的系动词有:be, become, get, look, feel, smell, taste, sound, turn, seem, keep, grow The soup smells delicious.汤闻上去真鲜美。3. 形容词修饰由 some,any,every,no 等构成的复合不定代词(如:something, anything, everything, nothing.)时,需后置。例如: Will you please tell us something interesting? 你给我们说一些有趣的事好吗? 4. enough 修饰名词时,既可以放在名词之前,
4、也可以放在名词之后。例 如: Dont worry, we have enough time/time enough to get there. 别着急,我们有足够的时间赶到那。5. Its + adj. + (of / for) sb to do sth. 译作“(某人)做某事是的”。It 是形式主语,不定式结构是真正主语。of / for 后面的sb是不定式的逻辑主语。(1) 当形容词是可修饰人的形容词,即sb和adj.有主系表关系时,sb前用of。如:Its clever of you to answer the question so quickly. / Its kind of yo
5、u to help me a lot. 这样的形容词有:kind, nice, rude, clever, silly, foolish等。(2) 当形容词是不可以修饰人的形容词,即sb和adj.没有主系表关系时,sb前用for。如:Its easy for her to clean the window by herself. / Its important for us to learn English well. 这样的形容词有:easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, dangerous等。(3) 有关形容词的重要句型: it is +
6、adj. + to do sth., 意思是 “做某事是的”。其中, it在这里是形式主语, 真正的主语是to do sth.。这样的句型也可以写成to do sth.+ is+ adj., 但这样的句式很少用。如: It is interesting to read a storybook. 读一本故事书是有趣的。副词的用法:副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频度等,在句中主要用作状语。i. 副词修饰动词,告诉我们动作是怎样进行的,什么时候进行或者在什么地方发生的,一般位于动词之后。如:They went to the par
7、k early yesterday. We must study hard. ii. 副词修饰形容词或副词,则告诉我们这些形容词或副词的程度如何,一般位于这些词前。 如:Michael Jordan jumps very high.Dai Yuqiang sings quite well. 注意a副词表示频度修饰动词时,位于连系动词和助动词之后,行为动词之前。如:Mr. Wang usually comes to school on foot. The boy is often ill.b. already和yet的区别:already用于陈述句,一般用于句中,但不能和时间状语放在一起,译为“
8、已经”;yet用来谈某事在预料之中,用于疑问句时译为“已经”,但用在否定句中则译为“尚未,还没有”,一般都放于句末。如: The train has already arrived. I have already read the book. Have you found your book yet? I have not finished my homework yet. c. ever用于疑问句或带if的肯定句中或含hardly等否定意义的肯定句中,表示“曾经”一般要放在动词前面;它不用于现在完成时的简略回答,而要用Yes, I have或No, never表示。如:The old man
9、 hardly ever goes out. (hardly ever 可译为:几乎从不)“Have you ever been to the new library?” “No, never”. 3形容词与副词的相互转变:形容词是用来修饰名词,副词是用来修饰动词,形容词或其它副词,它们在具体应用中可以互相转化,规律如下:a. 在形容词词尾直接加-ly,构成副词。如: usual-usually, bad-badly等。注:不是所有以-ly结尾的单词都是副词,某些名词后加-ly可以转化为形容词。如:sisterly, brotherly, friendly, comradely, lovely
10、等。b. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词,变y为i,再加-ly,如:heavy-heavily, happy-happily等,并且要注意这些单词的变化:polite-politely, true-truly, terrible-terribly等。形容词的比较级和最高级的构成绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级。用以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 形容词的原级:形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 如: poor、 tall、 great、 glad、 bad 等。形容词的比较级和最高级:形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不
11、规则变化两类。 规则变化如下: 1、单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 如:great (原级)- greater (比较级)- greatest (最高级) 2、以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 如:wide (原级) -wider (比较级)- widest (最高级) 3、少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。如:clever(原级) - cleverer (比较级)- cleverest (最高级) 4、以 -y 结尾,但
12、-y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. 如:happy (原级) - happier (比较级)- happiest (最高级) 5、以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 如:big (原级) - bigger (比较级) - biggest (最高级) 6、某些双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。如:careful (原级) - more careful (比较级)- most careful (比较级) beau
13、tiful (原级) - more beautiful (比较级)- most beautiful (比较级) difficult (原级)-more difficult (最高级)- mostdifficult (最高级) 注:形容词前若加上less 和 least 则表示“较不”和“最不” 。如:important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestwell (健康的,身体好的)manymoremostmuchbadworseworstilllittl
14、elessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest1Listening to the _ music always makes me _.Arelaxed; relaxingBrelaxed; relaxedCrelaxing; relaxingDrelaxing; relaxed2Do you know how _ the river is?AdepthBdeeplyCdeepDdeeping3If you can study harder, you will find it _ to pass the exam.AeasyBeasierCeasilyDm
15、ore easily4As we know, every choice we make can make a difference to our daily life. So its _ to make wise choices.AperfectBhardCterrible5Mr. Black is very _ because he always explains problems to his students over and over again.AangryBpatientCstrictDcareful6Grace, you should make your room _. You
16、always leave your things here and there.AtidyBemptyCdirtyDwide7You neednt take your wallet while shopping. Its _ to pay on Wechat or Alipay.AconvenientBpatientCinexpensiveDhelpful8The worker is _ in repairing the machine to notice my coming.Atoo busyBenough busyCbusy tooDbusy enough9What you said so
17、unded _ but in fact it was untrue.AreasonableBreasonfulCreasonlessDunreason10There were _ fish in the river in South America.Ain dangerBdangerCdangerousDdangerless11The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a _ smile.ApracticeBpractiseCpracticalDpracticed12The night was very _, so he had to take o
18、ff his shoes _.Aquiet; quietlyBquite; quicklyClate; quickDquite; quietly13The weather _.Awet and coldBis wet and coldCnot wet and coldDwere wet and cold14The money raised in the concert is _ it was expected.Atwice as many asBtwice as much asCtwice moreDtwice so much as15This singer is not as _ as Ja
19、y Chou.ApopularBmore popularCpopularerDmost popular16 Im tired of such a boring job. A change of work is _ a rest.Aas good asBas well asCso well asDso good as17Dont just believe the advertisement. You must follow your doctors advice. That medicine is _ it says.Aas good asBnot as good asCas well asDn
20、ot as well as18Many people are dying because they didnt get to hospital _.Aquick enoughBenough quickCquickly enoughDenough quickly19He said he would come to see us _ the next afternoon.Asome timesBsome timeCsometimesDsometime20Our teachers tell us _ we study, _ grades we will get.Aharder; betterBhar
21、der; the betterCthe harder; betterDthe harder; the better21If we dont plan our time _, well have a difficult time.AhappilyBeasilyCloudlyDwisely22I like that you are explaining these rules _ enough for me.AclearBgentlyCgentleDclearly23Ben has been in Beijing for years and he can speak Chinese as _ as
22、 the local people.AgoodBwellCbetterDbest24Jake is one of _ students because he always joins in the discussion and is ready to answer questions.AactiveBmore activeCthe activestDthe most active25Chengdu isnt so large _ Beijing, but its among the _ cities in China.Alike; bigBas; biggestCthan; bigger26
23、Chinese mountain climbers got to the top of Qomolangma again in 2020! How exciting! Qomolangma is one of _ places for serious mountain climbers.ApopularBmore popularCthe most popular27Putting out forest fire is regarded as one of _ problems in the world today.AdifficultBmore difficultCmost difficult
24、Dthe most difficult28How was your job interview last week?Oh, I couldnt feel . I was too nervous to say a word.AworseBeasierChappierDbetter29As an eighth-grader, Francis is taller than boy in Grade 9.That s amazing!AanyBany otherCthe other30 I made some mistakes in this exam. _ careful you are, _ mi
25、stakes you will make. Dont make the same mistake next time.A The more; the fewer BThe fewer; the moreCThe more; the less DThe less; the more31Please think about it! This project can bring you _ benefits than you think.AmanyBmuchCmoreDmost32Reading is really good for us. _ you read, _ youll feel.AMor
26、e, happierBThe more, the happierCThe much, the happy33Whoever is _ advanced can pass this test.Amore and moreBmore or lessCno moreDany the less34 Whats your secret of always being happy? Helping others. The _ I do for others, the _ I am.Amore; happierBmore; happiestCmost; happiest35Do you need_ expl
27、anation to the question?Amore farBany furtherCfartherDany far36I am so tired that I cant walk _.Amuch farBany fartherCeven farDany further37Whats the scarf like? _.AIts a long leather brown oneBIts a leather long brown oneCIts a brown long leather oneDIts a long brown leather one38Is there _ todays
28、newspaper?Asomething else new onBsomething new else onCanything new else inDanything else new in39_, it is necessary for us _ as much time as possible practicing speaking English after class.AInstead; to spendBInstead of; spendingCInstead of; to spendDInstead; spending40His father began to work _ hi
29、s childhood.AsinceBbeforeCas early asDwhile41This way of cooking chicken is _ accepted.Its _ the best way to cook it.Awidely; onlyBwidely; exactlyCwide; stillDwide; almost42We cant buy_ much mutton with _ little money.Aso; muchBsuch; soCso; soDsuch; such43The education in China has developed_ these
30、days.AquickBhighChighlyDwildly44All the teachers thought _ of the hard-working student.AhighlyBmanyCgoodDmore45_ you read, _ youll understand itAMore; betterBThe more; the betterCThe more; the worse46Dear students, please read every sentence carefully. _ you are, _ mistakes youll make.AThe more care
31、fully; the fewerBThe more careful; the lessCThe more carefully; the lessDThe more careful; the fewer47What are you doing here? Oh, my teacher asked me to write a passage about _ in English. You can write _ passage in English?A600 words; a 600-wordsB600-word; a 600-wordsC600 words; a 600-wordD600 wor
32、ds; a 600-words48That man was _ enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.AcareBcarefulCcarelessDcarelessness49Bruce often _ his left hand _.Akeep; closeBkeeps; closedCkeep; closedDkeeps; close50Mikes room is too _. Its _ room Ive ever seen.Adirty; dirtyBdirty; dirtierCdirtier; dir
33、tiestDdirty; the dirtiest51It was said that the film “Harry Potter” was_. Many young people became_ after watching it.Aexciting; excitedBexcited; excitingCexciting; excitingDexcited; excited52Rose is _ than any other girl in her class.ApopularBmore popularCthe most popularDmost popular53I bought a d
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鄂教版七年级语文下册第8课《诗两首》精题精练.doc
