2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮课时作业：第1编 话题五 BOOK1 UNIT5 NELSON MANDELA—A MODERN HERO WORD版含解析.doc

1、课时作业.完形填空(2019天津高考)I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some _1_ station.The _2_ moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it

2、 cost to replace the _3_ of that little wallet? The credit cards, the drivers license, the cash, all lost to the bus.Two hours later, back at my house, I heard a knock on the door. My husband _4_ it while I was on the phone in the dining room. “Does Jennifer live here？” I heard a lady say. In my hus

3、bands hand was my wallet, with not a penny _5_. She left before I could _6_ make it to the door to offer my thanks.After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who _7_ the lady as Erin Smith. Without _8_， I called to thank her. She said she _9_ my wallet on a bus seat. She _10_ that going t

4、o a strangers house was a _11_ move, but she decided to take the chance. “If I were in that _12_， I would want someone to try to find me，” she said.This one stranger responded beautifully to my small _13_， but she actually wasnt the only one. Right after Erin _14_ my wallet on the bus, she posted a

5、picture of my drivers license to an online forum (论坛), trying to see _15_ anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my sons nursery and who recognized my face. Ive never _16_ words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help.

6、 I read that people are more divided than ever, but thats not how the people I _17_ tend to act._18_， I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone _19_ what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely _20_.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙

7、文。文章讲述了一位素不相识的女士在公交车上捡到作者的钱包，并根据钱包内的信息在寒冷的黑夜把钱包送到作者家中的故事。1A.accessible BhiddenCunknown Dconvenient答案：C这里表示公交车正驶向某一个未知的(unknown)车站，因此选C。2A.facesaving BbrainwashingCeyecatching Dheartstopping答案：D前文中作者发现自己钱包丢失的时候感到害怕(fear seized me)，复合形容词heartstopping表示“令人非常害怕的”，与前文的fear在含义上是一致的，因此选D。facesaving “保全面子的”

8、；brainwashing “洗脑的”；eyecatching “引人注目的”。3A.parts BcontentsCdetails Dingredients答案：B由后面提到的信用卡、驾照和现金可知，这里指作者在想，要把那个小钱包里的东西都更换需要花多少时间和金钱。这里用contents表示“所容纳之物”，指作者丢失的钱包里装的那些物品。4A.ignored BansweredCexamined Dinterrupted答案：B根据下文内容可知，这里指作者在餐厅打电话的时候有人来敲门，作者的丈夫去开(answer)的门，因此选B。5A.missing BreturnedCremaining

9、Dabandoned答案：A根据下文的陈述可知，此处表示“一分钱都没有少”，形容词missing“丢失的”符合题意。6A.still BeverCyet Deven答案：D此处表示还没等作者到门口对来送钱包的人道谢，对方就已经走了，用副词even强调出乎意料。7A.selected BappointedCidentified Ddefined答案：C当作者在网上分享了这个故事之后，她收到了某个人的来信，这个人确认了(identify)那位女士是Erin Smith。8A.delay BalarmCregret Dinvitation答案：A当作者知道捡到自己的钱包并送到自己家的这位女士是谁之后

10、，就毫不犹豫地给对方打电话表示感谢。without delay “毫不耽搁地”，符合此处的语境。9A.moved BplacedCopened Dspotted答案：D根据语境“在公交车的座位上”判断选spotted，表示“看见，发现”。10A.disagreed BcomplainedCcalculated Drecommended答案：C由文章最后一段中的“on a bitterly cold night”可知，那天晚上非常冷。同时，Erin又不认识作者，由此推知，对方当时在考虑是否要把钱包送到失主家，因此用calculate表示“预测，估计”。11A.selfless BriskyCsl

11、ow Dpersonal答案：B下文中短语take the chance表示“冒险”，由此可知，这里说的是她觉得到陌生人的家里去会有点儿危险，因此选B项。12A.site BdirectionCsituation Datmosphere答案：CErin在为失主设身处地地考虑，用in that situation表示“处于那种境遇”，因此选C。13A.crisis BdangerCthreat Dfailure答案：A本空指前文提到的作者丢失钱包这件事，从前文的fear判断这里用crisis表示“危机，危难”。14A.got rid of Bmade use ofChad control of

12、Dtook possession of答案：DErin在公交车上捡到作者丢失的钱包，因此用take possession of表示“拥有”。get rid of “摆脱”；make use of “利用”；have control of “控制”。15A.if BwhereChow Dwhen答案：A这里用if引导宾语从句：Erin把作者的驾照照片发布到网上论坛中，看看是否有人认识作者。16A.recalled BexchangedCrepeated Dwhispered答案：B作者跟那些妈妈们除了闲聊之外从来没有深入地交谈过。exchange words表示“交流，交谈”。17A.encou

13、nter BfollowCconsult Daccompany答案：A作者遇到的这些人与前面提到的那些人不一样，用动词encounter表示“遇到，遭遇”。18A.Going away BTurning aroundCLooking back DComing along答案：C作者在这里发表自己的感慨，用look back表示“回顾”。19A.into BagainstCover Dbeyond答案：Dgo beyond表示“超出，超越”。句意：Erin的所作所为已经超越了几乎任何人都会做的事情。20A.longing BenthusiasticCconcerned Dgrateful答案：D

14、由上文提到的“offer my thanks”和“called to thank her”可知，作者心存感激，因此选grateful。.阅读理解(2020河南省焦作市高三定位考试)Brian Hamiltons life changed in a prison when he was accompanying his friend, Reverend Robert J. Harris, who often went to local prisons to do his work. During the visit, Hamilton started talking to one of the

15、prisoners and asked what he was going to do when he got out.“He said he was going to get a job，” Hamilton recalls (回忆). “I thought to myself, wow, thats going to be difficult with a criminal background.”The conversation made Hamilton consider how prisoners could benefit from entrepreneurship,_someth

16、ing he thought about for years. Finally in 2008, 16 years after that initial conversation, Hamilton created Inmates to Entrepreneurs, a nonprofit organization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses. “Harris and I taught our first course at a prison called How to

17、 Start Your Own Business When You Get Out，” he recalls.At the time, Hamilton was building his own company, Sageworks. As Sageworks grew, so did Hamiltons time spent teaching at prisons throughout North Carolina.Eventually, Hamilton decided it was time to change his focus to his true passion. In May

18、2018, he sold his stake (股份) in Sageworks, focusing his commitment on Inmates to Entrepreneurs.“Now, anyone is able to access the curriculum, either to become an instructor to go into prisons to teach it or to access it for themselves as a prisoner or part of the general population，” Hamilton explai

19、ns. In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the curriculum to atrisk students as a preventative measure against crime.The free curriculum is funded by the recently established Brian Hamilton Foundation, which offers assistance to military members as they adjust to civilian life and provid

20、es loans to small businesses. “Were giving prisoners something they can do independent of a system that isnt working for them. If you can let people know that other people care about them, it makes a difference.”篇章导读：本文是一篇人物传记。文章叙述了Brian Hamilton成功创业的故事，Hamilton创建了“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”这个组织，这是一个

21、帮助有犯罪背景的人创业的非营利组织。1Why did Brian Hamilton think the prisoner couldnt easily find a job after getting out?AHe didnt have any special skills.BHe would have his criminal background with him. CHe would break the criminal law again and again.DHe couldnt access the courses provided by the prison.答案：B细节理解题

22、。由第二段中的“I thought to myself, wow, thats going to be difficult with a criminal background.”可知，Brian Hamilton心想，有犯罪背景的人找工作是很难的。故选B项。2What does the underlined word “entrepreneurship” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?AThinking of a good idea after working hard for years.BTrying ones best because of being ke

23、pt in a small place.CMaking money by starting or running ones own businesses.DHaving a job in a profitable company owned by the government.答案：C词义猜测题。由第三段中的“The conversation made Hamilton consider how prisoners could benefit from entrepreneurship, something he thought about for years . a nonprofit or

24、ganization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses.”可知，这次谈话让Hamilton开始思考囚犯如何从创业中获益，这是他多年来一直在思考的问题。Hamilton创建了一个名为“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”的组织，这是一个帮助有犯罪背景的人创业的非营利组织。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，第三段中画线的“entrepreneurship”一词是指通过创办或经营自己的企业来赚钱。故选C项。3What does the text say about In

25、mates to Entrepreneurs?AIt often assists military members.BIt provides loans to small businesses.CIts independent of the social system.DIts curriculum has been largely broadened.答案：D推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Now, anyone is able to access the curriculum . In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the c

26、urriculum to atrisk students as a preventative measure against crime. The free curriculum is funded by the recently established Brian Hamilton Foundation”可知，现在，任何人都可以使用这些课程。此外，Hamilton还走访了一些中学，并将课程介绍给有犯罪风险的学生，作为预防犯罪的一项措施。这项免费课程由最近成立的布莱恩汉密尔顿基金会(Brian Hamilton Foundation)资助。所以通过课程的使用人群的范围可以判断出，“Inmate

27、s to Entrepreneurs”组织的课程已经得到了很大地扩展。故选D项。4What is the main idea of the text?AA man made a fruitless visit to the prison.BA man sold his business to teach prisoners.CA man realized his dream of being a teacher.DA man successfully created two organizations.答案：B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章叙述了Brian Hamilton成功创业的故事， H

28、amilton创建了“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”这个帮助有犯罪背景的人创业的非营利组织。与此同时，Hamilton还建立自己的公司Sageworks。2018年他卖掉了Sageworks的股份，一心投到“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”中来，去教犯人如何去创业。所以文章主要讲述了Brian Hamilton卖了自己的企业去教囚犯如何创业的故事。故选B项。(2020内蒙古自治区奋斗中学高三月考)I remember watching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the wor

29、ld when I was a very little child. I would talk to myself, “When I grow up, when I can become rich, Ill save kids all over the world.”At the age of 17, I began my career here in America, and by 18, I started my first charity organization. I went on to team up with other organizations in the followin

30、g years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautiful souls, from sixyearold Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia (白血病)her story inspired thousands to volunteer as donors, to 2012 when my grandmother lost her battle with cancer, which is the very reason and the driving fo

31、rce behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF). Were all human. And we all just want a chance: a chance at life, a chance in education, a chance at a future, really. And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one.People make it seem too hard to do charity w

32、ork. The truth is, you dont have to be rich to help others. You dont need to be famous. You dont even have to be collegeeducated. But it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood. You just do whatever

33、 you can to help in any way that you can. And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heart. My grandmother always used to say, “If youve got a dollar, theres plenty to share.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者年少时立志长大帮助遭受痛苦

34、的孩子们。长大后，作者兑现诺言做慈善工作，并号召人们做力所能及的事来帮助周围的人。5What did the author want to do at a young age?AWatch TV. BHelp other children.CBecome wealthy. DGrow up quickly.答案：B细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“at a young age”以及第一段第二句“I would say to myself, When I grow up, when I can become rich, I will save kids all over the world.”可知

35、作者小时候想帮助其他孩子。故选B。6Which of the following directly caused the author to create and develop the CLF?AA sixyearold kids request.BMany volunteers inspiration for it.CHer grandmothers death of cancer.DOther organizations encouragement.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“to 2012 when my grandmother lost her battle with can

36、cer, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF)”可知，祖母的逝世是作者创办和发展CLF的直接动力。故选C。7What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AA life. BA chance.CA task. DAn organization.答案：A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as

37、 possible, but it starts with just one.”可知，该组织的使命是影响尽可能多的生命，但是这需要从影响一个生命开始。由此可推知，one指代的是前面提到的many lives中的一个。故选A。8What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph?ADo charity work when you are rich.BChallenge their friends to offer help.CWork very hard to get a college education.DDo littl

38、e things to help those around them.答案：D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But it starts with your neighbor . in your neighborhood.”和“You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can. And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touc

39、hes your heart.”可知，作者建议人们可以从小事做起，做力所能及的事来帮助周围的人。故选D。.短文改错(2019贵州省遵义航天高级中学第一次模拟)Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school. They live far away from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their gar

40、den, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!答案：M

41、r and Mrs Zhang work in our school. They live far away from the school, and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are in planting vegetables in their garden, is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up and water the vegetables together. They h

42、ave also bought some gardening tools. ， they often get some useful from the Internet. When summer ， they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables！1.allboth或去掉all考查代词。因为主语是两个人，所以用both表示“两者都”，而all则表示“三者或三者以上的全部”。此处将all去掉也可以。2.aan/one考查冠词。因为hour的发音以元音音素开头，所以其前用an。此处也可用one表示数量“一”。3.interesti

43、nginterested考查形容词。因为是描述主语they的心理状态，所以使用be interested in “对感兴趣的”。4.thatwhich考查定语从句的引导词。此处是非限制性定语从句，且关系代词在从句中作主语，指代主句中的garden，所以用which来引导。that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句。5.earlierearly考查副词。此处没有比较的含义，所以用early的原级。6.去掉for考查动词的用法。buy为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，而buy sth. for sb.意为“为某人买某物”。7.BesideBesides考查副词。beside为介词，意为“在旁边”，而besides为副词，意为“此外；另外”。根据上下文可知，此处表示“另外，他们还从网上获取一些信息”，故用Besides。8.informationsinformation考查名词。information为不可数名词，无复数形式。9.camecomes考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据主句中的“they will”可知，此处应遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句使用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时；从句的主语summer表示单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。10.students后加to考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。