2021版新高考英语一轮复习 Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World课后达标检测 外研版必修4.doc

1、Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World (建议用时：40分钟).阅读理解A(2020武汉调研)The boy sat on his chair, with his hands above the keyboard. He thought about what to write.He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at th

2、e brochure again. “WRITING COMPETITION！” the title read. His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story

3、he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story.The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing t

4、hrough him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet.Then he heard his

5、mothers call of saying time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost in thinking about a topic to write.Finally, he finished. The word count now read “498”“Perfect，” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that woul

6、d win.He went to the website and searched for the competition. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button.Confused, he then reread the page again. It read COMPETITION CLOSED.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。小男孩坐在电脑前，冥思苦想地进行写作。他参加的是一个网络写作比赛，可是怎么也想不出写作主题。好一会儿后，他茅塞顿开，快速敲击键盘，可是等到他写好文章准备提交时，页面上却显示“COMPETITION CLOSE

7、D”。1What caused the boy to take part in the writing competition?AA new computer.BThe prize money.CHis own interest.DHis moms encouragement.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.”可知，他的妈妈鼓励他参加写作比

8、赛，现在他把写作作为假期的个人任务；据此可知，他参加写作比赛是他妈妈鼓励的，故D项正确。2How did the boy finish his earlier writing?AHis mom helped him.BHe copied others ideas.CHis friends assisted him.DHe used his imagination.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories.”可知，他之前写的每一个故事都是以其他故事为基础；据此可知，以前写作时，他总是仿照别人的故

9、事写，故B项正确。3Why did the boy delay his writing?ABecause he was terribly lazy.BBecause he didnt know what to write.CBecause he wasnt confident.DBecause he read too many stories.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He thought about what to write.”及第三段的内容“As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how

10、 hopeless his task of winning was.He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.”及倒数第五段尾句“He had to.write.”可知，想象力是写作的关键，而他又缺乏想象力；另外，由于他不知道写什么，所以他延误了写作时间，故B项正确。4Which might be the maximum word limit for each entry?A100.B250.C500.D1，000.C解析：推理判断题。根据第七段“Finally, he fi

11、nished. The word count now read 498”可知，他写了498个词，终于完成了；结合第八段第一句“Perfect， he thought，just under the word limit.”可知，他认为太完美了，刚好低于限定的词数；据此可以判断，文章的最高限定词数可能为500，故C项正确。B(2020南昌重点中学段考)Learning New Vocabulary During Deep SleepSleeping time is sometimes considered unproductive time.This raises the question whe

12、ther the time spent during sleeping could be used more productively, eg. for learning a new language. Sleep research to date focused on the stabilization and strengthening of memories that had been formed during previous wakefulness. However, learning during sleep has rarely been examined. There is

13、considerable evidence for wakelearned information undergoing revision by a replay in the sleeping brain. The replay during sleep strengthens the still weak memory traces and embeds(嵌入) the newly acquired information in the preexisting store of knowledge.If the replay during sleep improves the storag

14、e of wakelearned information, then firstplay, i. e. the initial processing of new information, should also be possible during sleep.The research group of Katharina Henke examined whether a sleeping person is able to form new semantic associations between played foreign words and translation words du

15、ring the brain cells active states, the socalled “Upstates”. It turned out to be that what they thought was reasonable. When we reach deep sleep stages, our brain cells progressively coordinate their activity. During deep sleep, the brain cells are commonly active for a brief period of time before t

16、hey jointly enter into a state of brief inactivity. The active state is called “Upstate” and the inactive state “Downstate”. The two states alternate(交替) about every halfsecond.New evidence for sleeplearning challenges current theories of sleep and theories of memory. The concept of sleep as an enca

17、psulated(被概括的) mental state, in which we are separated from the physical environment is no longer reasonable. “We could disprove that complex learning be impossible during deep sleep，” says Simon Ruch, cofirstauthor. “In how far and with what consequences deep sleep can be applied to the acquisition

18、 of new information will be a topic of research in upcoming years，” says Katharina Henke.The research group of Katharina Henke is part of the Interfaculty Research Cooperation(IRC). Thirteen research groups in medicine, biology, psychology and information science are part of the IRC. The aim of thes

19、e research groups is to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in sleep, consciousness and cognition.【解题导语】文章通过一项研究论证了在深度睡眠中学习新词汇的可能性。5What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A“Upstate” and“Downstate” appear in turn during deep sleep.B“Upstates” is another name for the brain cells acti

20、ve states.CSemantic associations are important for language learning.DThe brain cells active states are central for sleeplearning.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“The research group of Katharina Henke examined.the socalled Upstates. It turned out to be that what they thought was reasonable”可知，研究小组研究了睡觉的人能否在脑细胞活跃状

21、态下，在被播放的外来词和翻译词之间形成新的语义联系。结果证明他们的想法是合理的。据此可推知，当大脑处于“Upstates”时，可以进行语言学习。在这个过程中，大脑细胞的活跃状态起着主要作用。故选D项。6What will researchers do within several years according to the passage?AMake study in the following fields such as medicine and biology.BSeparate us from the physical environment.CApply deep sleep to

22、 information learning.DDiscover the concept of sleep.C解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词researchers和within several years定位到文章的第四段。根据该段中的“In how far and with what consequences.will be a topic of research in upcoming years”可知，在未来几年，在新信息的获得方面深度睡眠能运用到何种程度以及会有何种结果将是研究的主题。故选C项。7What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo

23、 introduce a new way of vocabulary learning.BTo gain a better understanding of the mechanisms.CTo challenge current theories of sleep and theories of memory.DTo explain the possibility of vocabulary learning during deep sleep.D解析：写作意图题。第一段提出问题“This raises the question whether the time spent during s

24、leeping could be used more productively, e. g. for learning a new language.”(是否可以更有效地利用睡眠时间，例如用于学习一种新语言。)；第二段回答该问题“then firstplay, i. e. the initial processing of new information, should also be possible during sleep”(对新信息的初始处理，在睡眠期间也应该是可能的)；第三段通过研究提出证据证明了第二段的猜想。最后两段进行了补充说明。据此可知，本文是为了说明在深度睡眠中，学习新的词汇

25、是可能的。故选D项。8Where is this text most likely from?AA novel.BA guidebook.CA scientific research website.DA diary.C解析：文章出处题。根据第一段中的“Sleep research to date focused on” “There is considerable evidence” 第三段中的“The research group” 最后一段中的“The aim of these research groups”并结合文章主旨(在深度睡眠中学习新词汇方面的科学研究)可以推断出，本文可能出自

26、一个科研网站，故选C项。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Several years ago, I was living in New York and working for an airline, so I never got back home for Christmas. My Christmas was happy too with some other colleagues around. But in my heart I was sad because I couldnt stay with my fa

27、mily. Sometimes my colleagues would say our Christmas was filled with tears. But this Christmas was different. I was lucky. I had the whole day off, which meant I could stay with my family on Christmas Eve.When Christmas morning came, I awoke to a small hand rubbing my face.“Dad, Merry Christmas！”wa

28、s all my younger son had time to say. He seemed to be racing against time. I knew he was hunting for gifts with his brother eagerly. I got downstairs just to see the two little boys faces as they looked at the pocket rockets Santa Claus had left them. I realized that the real Christmas was for the c

29、hildren who had deep belief in the amazing power of Santa Claus. At first, their fingers went almost shyly over their toys. When their inspection had been completed, the two boys ensured that the gifts were really delivered by Santa Claus and they dragged everything into the center of the living roo

30、m.Delight flooded the room. As their mother began giving out gifts, I smiled to myself, wondering how my unexpected gifts this year would be received. With so many Christmas spent outside, I had prepared so many gifts for my children and together with my wife I hid them in several secret places. But

31、 the children were excellent detectives and they found all of them. They were happily opening packages constantly thanking considerate Santa Claus for his kindness and ability to know their desires. But I had not received a single one. I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence from thei

32、r Christmas these years.Paragraph 1：I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily._Paragraph 2：Suddenly my wife walked up to me. _One possible version：Paragraph 1：I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily. I was wondering whether I could get a gift when my younger son r

33、an to me, who was really kind enough to save my face. He asked me to admire his gift which he deeply believed was carefully chosen by Santa Claus. He said happily that he would share some of the gifts of his and allow me to choose one from them. I thanked him from the bottom of my heart, still feeli

34、ng disappointed.Paragraph 2：Suddenly my wife walked up to me. It seemed that she had guessed how I felt. She asked me to look at the Christmas tree which was decorated with so many boxes. I thought she was showing off her efforts on the decoration but she took off a small box and passed it to me smiling and saying it was for me. I opened it and saw a letter which read“We will never forget you. Merry Christmas！”Under the letter was a watch which was clicking with delight. I was moved with tears.