2021版高考英语一轮复习 高考题型抢分练（四）阅读理解提能练（含解析）新人教版.doc

1、高考题型抢分练(四)阅读理解提能练(限时35分钟). 阅读理解ASome best music and opera holidays for 2019. Tanglewood FestivalThe villages of Lenox and Stockbridge in western Massachusetts have been the summer home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra for more than 80 years, and its annual Tanglewood festival is East Coast Americas

2、most distinguished music event. Andris Nelsons, BSO music director, conducts 14 of the concerts and star performers include Emanuel Ax, Paul Lewis and Anne-Sophie Mutter. Tickets on sale from Feb 10. June 15Aug 25 (tanglewood. org)Aspen FestivalThis year is the 70th anniversary of the Aspen Music Fe

3、stival, one of the longest-running and most prestigious festivals in the United States. The 2019 program has yet to be announced, but a typical eight-week summer season includes more than 400 classical music eventsincluding concerts by five orchestras, solo (独奏) and classical music performances, ful

4、ly staged opera productions, music lessons, lectures, and childrens programming. Tickets and details available in February. June 27Aug 18 (aspenmusicfestival. com)Grand Teton Music FestivalAspens great classical music competitor in the Rocky Mountains is the Grand Teton, which has been held in Jacks

5、on Hall since 1962 and at its heart is a timber concert hall, the Walk Festival Hall, famous for its friendly atmosphere and excellent natural sound. Despite its relatively modest size, the hall attracts the greatscurrent music director is the Scottish conductor Donald Runnicles. The program for 201

6、9 is yet to be announced but subscriptions are on sale from Feb 1, single tickets from March 1. July 2Aug 17 ( gtmf. org)Salzburg FestivalThe excitement is building in Salzburg both for this summer and for its 100th anniversary year in 2020. Bar the Proms, it is the worlds oldest music festival and

7、this year it will pack in unbelievable 199 performances in 43 days at 16 venues. This years theme is Myths and includes first public performances of Mozarts Idomeneo and George Enescus opera Oedipe. July 20Aug 31 (salzburgfestival. at)【文章大意】本文为应用文。文中有四个广告, 介绍了2019年最好的音乐和歌剧节。1. Which of the festivals

8、 has the shortest history?A. Tanglewood Festival. B. Aspen Festival. C. Salzburg Festival. D. Grand Teton Music Festival. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Tanglewood Festival部分可知有80多年的历史。Aspen Festival部分中的“This year is the 70th anniversary of the Aspen Music Festival, one of the longest-running and most prestigious f

9、estivals in the United States”可知, 有70年的历史。Grand Teton Music Festival中的“. . . which has been held in Jackson Hall since 1962”可知只有(2019-1962=)57年的历史。Salzburg Festival部分中的“The excitement is building in Salzburg both for this summer and for its 100th anniversary year in 2020. ”可知, 已有100年的历史。比较可知, Grand

10、Teton Music Festival只有57年, 历史是最短的, 故选D。2. What can we learn about Tanglewood Festival?A. It is held from June 27 to Aug. 18. B. Its tickets can be available from March 1. C. It is best known in the east coast of America. D. Its more information can be got from gtmf. org. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据Tanglewood Fe

11、stival部分中的“The villages of Lenox and Stockbridge in western Massachusetts have been the summer home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra for more than 80 years, and its annual Tanglewood festival is East Coast Americas most distinguished music event. ”可知, Tanglewood Festival是在美国东海岸最出名。分析选项可知, C项正确。3. Wh

12、at is the similarity of Aspen Festival and Salzburg Festival?A. Their tickets can be got in February. B. They will be held in the same months. C. They both have music and opera performances. D. Their audience can be both adults and children. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据Aspen Festival 和 Salzburg Festival部分的内容可知,

13、这两个节日都有音乐和歌剧表演。故选C。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. annualadj. 年度的2. distinguishedadj. 卓越的3. typical adj. 典型的4. classical adj. 古典的5. available adj. 可获得的6. unbelievable adj. 难以置信的BTheres this boy in my band, Spanish and math class. His name was Nathan. He didnt have any friends at all. He always sat alone at the lunch t

14、able with his phone listening to music. People just walked past him without caring. And in class whenever he was asked a question, he would take a long time to answer it. The whole class would get annoyed and whenever he got an answer wrong, the whole class would laugh. On Nov. 17, I walked into ban

15、d class and was ready to play my flute. Mr Kohler began the class. We played music for a while then he asked us to tune our instruments. I saw Nathan, he was just walking around like usual looking for something. There is nothing surprising about that. He does that in every class. He doesnt just sit

16、the whole class period. He plays his clarinet(单簧管) by the way. So then Mr Kohler asked the class to tell what note it was just by hearing the pitch(音高). Nobody raised their hand except Nathan. The moment I saw him, I laughed but not out loud. I thought he couldnt do anything properly. How could he p

17、ossibly guess the note when the pitch is played? But he could. He guessed every pitch right, even when Mr Kohler played 2 and 3 pitches at the same time. At that moment I got goosebumps. How did he do that? That day I realized that I shouldnt judge people based on little things I see. I need to see

18、the great things people can do. From that day on I had a different opinion on Nathan. I forgot about all the things he was bad at and focused on the things he was good at. Whenever I saw him, I just said to myself, “thats the guy who impressed me. Thats the guy who is musically talented. ”【文章大意】本文是记

19、叙文。作者的一个同学学习很慢, 没有朋友, 经常被嘲笑, 但在音乐课上却表现的非常优秀, 从此改变了作者对他的看法。4. What was the authors impression of Nathan at first? A. He was slow in learning. B. He was talented in music. C. He was good at amusing others. D. He was a hardworking student. 【解析】选A。考查细节理解题。根据第一段中“And in class whenever he was asked a ques

20、tion, he would take a long time to answer it. The whole class would get annoyed and whenever he got an answer wrong, the whole class would laugh. ”可知, Nathan 学习很吃力。故选A。5. What does Nathan usually do in class? A. He walks out of the room frequently. B. He does what he likes freely. C. He sits in his

21、place silently. D. He listens to music from his phone. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段“he was just walking around like usual looking for something. There is nothing surprising about that. He does that in every class. ”可知, Nathan 在课堂上通常想干什么就干什么。故选B。6. What is the probable meaning of the underlined part in paragra

22、ph 4? A. I was pleased. B. I was cheated. C. I was annoyed. D. I was shocked. 【解析】选D。句意猜测题。根据故事内容, 一个学习很笨的学生居然能够轻松自如地准确判断所有的音高, 这应该让作者非常惊讶。故选D。7. What lesson might the author get from this experience? A. Never judge people by their looks. B. Lazy folks are lucky to be lazy. C. Everyone has his advan

23、tages. D. Talent is not easy to be found. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I forgot about all the things he was bad at and focused on the things he was good at. ”可知, 作者从这次经历中认识到, 人各有所长, 我们不能只看到别人的不足之处, 要发现别人的长处。故选C。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. bandn. 乐队2. fluten. 长笛3. tunen. 曲调4. instrumentn. 乐器5. note n. 音符6. pitch n. 音高C世纪金榜

24、导学号“Birds” and “airports” are two words that, paired together, dont normally paint the most harmonious picture. So it really raises some eyebrows when China announces plans to build an airport that is for birds. Described as the worlds first-ever bird airport, the proposed Lingang Bird Sanctuary(保护区

25、) in the northern coastal city of Tianjin is, of course, not an actual airport. Rather, its a wetland preserve specifically designed to accommodate hundreds even thousands of daily takeoffs and landings by birds traveling along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. Over 50 species of migratory(迁徙的) wa

26、ter birds, some endangered, will stop and feed at the protected sanctuary before continuing their long journey along the flyway. Located on a former landfill site, the 150-acre airport is also open to human travelers. (Half a million visitors are expected annually. ) However, instead of duty-free sh

27、opping, the main attraction for non-egg-laying creatures at Tianjins newest airport will be a green-roofed education and research center, a series of raised “observation platforms” and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths totaling over 4 miles. “The proposed Bird Airport will be a globally

28、significant sanctuary for endangered migratory bird species, while providing new green lungs for the city of Tianjin. ” Adrian McGregor of an Australian landscape architecture firm explained of the design. Frequently blanketed in smog so thick that it has shut down real airports, Tianjin is a cityCh

29、inas fourth most populousthat would certainly benefit from a new pair of healthy green lungs. 【文章大意】这是一篇环保新闻。介绍了天津新设立的一个迁徙鸟类保护区。8. What does the underlined phrase “non-egg-laying creatures” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Designers. B. Visitors. C. Endangered water birds. D. Planes. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据下文中提到的

30、education and research center可知, 对于那些non-egg-laying creatures来说, 吸引他们的主要是一个绿色屋顶的教育和研究中心, 根据常识, 到教育和研究中心去的自然是人而不是鸟类, 所以划线部分中的non-egg-laying用来比喻人类(游客)。故选B。9. What do we know about the airport according to the passage?A. It functions as an actual airport and a wetland preserve. B. It is located on a 15

31、0-acre landfill site. C. It provides migratory birds with food and shelter. D. People cannot watch birds up close here. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知, 这个天津新机场主要是为迁徙鸟类提供一个休息, 觅食的保护区。故选C。10. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Tianjins air quality will improve thanks to the airport. B. Tianjin will

32、win worldwide fame in the future. C. The airport will become a permanent home for birds. D. Tianjin will be able to accommodate more people. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“while providing new green lungs for the city of Tianjin. ”以及“that would certainly benefit from a new pair of healthy green lungs. ”可知, 这个保

33、护区给天津市提供了一对绿肺, 天津市将从中受益。由此推知, 天津市的空气会越来越好。故选A。11. What does this passage mainly tell us?A. Airports shut down and open up. B. Airports turn into green lungs. C. China is to open the first Bird Airport. D. Birds are no longer enemies to airports. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文属于新闻报道, 主题一般在第一段中体现, 根据第一段内容可知, 本新闻主要介绍

34、中国宣布了建立鸟类保护区的计划。故选C。【知识拓展】长难句分析However, instead of duty-free shopping, the main attraction for non-egg-laying creatures at Tianjins newest airport will be a green-roofed education and research center, a series of raised “observation platforms” and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths totali

35、ng over 4 miles. 分析: 本句主要结构是: “attraction is a center, a platform and a network”;. . . center, a series of. . . 和a network 为三个并列表语;instead of. . . 以及for non-egg-laying. . . 引导状语;totaling over 4 miles为后置定语, 修饰paths。翻译: 然而, 在天津最新的机场, 吸引游客的不是免税购物, 而是一个绿色屋顶的教育和研究中心, 好几个凸起的“观测平台”, 以及总长超过4英里用于观景的步行和自行车路网。

36、DExercise could not only benefit your body, but also improve your memory, researchers found recently. In their paper published on Monday, researchers from the University of California, Irvine in the United States and the University of Tsukuba in Japan introduced their experiment and conclusion. Scie

37、ntists invited 36 volunteers who were in their early 20s to do 10 minutes of light exercise before taking a memory test in which they were shown pictures like broccoli(西兰花)or picnic baskets and asked to recall them later. The same experiment was repeated with the same group of volunteers without exe

38、rcising. The memory task was really quite challenging, said Michael Yassa, co-author of the study and a neuroscientist (神经科学家)at the University of California, Irvine. “We used very tricky similar items to see if they would remember whether it was this exact picnic basket versus (对抗)that picnic baske

39、t. ”Researchers also scanned brains of some of the participants during the experiment. They found strengthened communication between regions involved in the storage and recollection of memories in brains of those who had exercised. This suggested that just 10 minutes of light exercise like walking,

40、yoga or Tai Chi might increase memory power. As all the volunteers in the experiment were relatively young, researchers are still working to look at the effects of light exercise on older people. “Our future goal is to try to develop an exercise prescription (处方)that can be used by older adults who

41、might have disabilities or mobility impairments, but can still adopt very simple exercise rules of life and be able to, perhaps, delay cognitive decline temporarily, ” said Yassa. 【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究人员最近发现, 运动不仅有利于身体健康, 还能改善记忆力。文中用实验的方式来证明仅仅10分钟像瑜伽和太极这类的锻炼就能够促进或增加记忆力。12. What did the researchers fin

42、d from the experiment mentioned in the text?A. Regular exercise is of benefit to the memory of all people. B. Just a short period of exercise better young peoples memory power. C. Older people can also improve their cognitive power by exercising regularly. D. All the volunteers in the experiment imp

43、roved their memory through exercise. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段的信息可知, 试验是科学家们邀请了36名20出头的志愿者在做记忆测试前做10分钟的轻度运动。研究人员还扫描了一些参与者的大脑。他们发现, 与运动者大脑中记忆的存储和回忆有关的区域之间的交流得到了加强。仅仅10分钟像瑜伽和太极这类的锻炼就能够促进或增加这些年轻人的记忆力。由此可知, 短时间的锻炼也能提高年轻人的记忆力, 故选B。13. Why was the memory task quite challenging?A. The lime to solve the questi

44、ons was too limited. B. The questions asked by the scientists were loo comp heated. C. The items to be distinguished were extremely similar. D. The people in the experiment were disabled. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的信息“We used very tricky similar items to see if they would remember whether it was this exact

45、 picnic basket versus that picnic basket” 可知, 这项记忆实验之所以富有挑战性是因为参与实验的志愿者必须在非常类似的东西中进行辨认。故选C。14. Whats the purpose of the text?A. To solve a problem. B. To give practical advice. C. To present a research result. D. To tell an interesting story. 【解析】选C。目的意图题。根据全文内容可知, 该文主要介绍了一项研究结果。故选C。15. What can be

46、a suitable title for the text?A. Advantages of Exercising RegularlyB. Exercise Is Beneficial to Both Young and OldC. Exercise Can Improve Older Peoples Cognitive PowerD. Ten Minutes of Exercise a Day Might Improve Memory【解析】选D。主旨大意题。第一段第一句“Exercise could not only benefit your body, but also improve

47、your memory, researchers found recently. ”接着用实验来说明了仅仅10分钟的锻炼就能促进或增加记忆力。分析选项可知D项符合题意, 故选D。. 阅读填句Almost everyone watches clouds, among the most fascinating and easily observed of all weather phenomena. Clouds form when water vapor, primarily from the oceans, rises into the atmosphere where it cools an

48、d condenses(凝结) into cloud formations. 1 Rain clouds produce everything from drizzle to downpours or thunderstorms. 2 That is because their density of large water droplets blocks sunlight. Depending on temperature, rain clouds may produce hail or snow instead of liquid rain. If you want to know what

49、 kind of cloud produces rain, snow or hail, you should first understand how scientists classify clouds. 3When the atmosphere is unstable, it will cause the cloud to grow vertically. 4 Sometimes it produces lightning and heavy rain as well as hail. This kind of cloud commonly have an anvil(铁砧) shape,

50、 with a low, dark base often only 1, 000 feet above ground and tops reaching up to 50, 000 feet into the atmosphere. Vertically grown clouds carry a mass of unstable air and often produce unpredictable high winds and downdrafts. These clouds are capable of generating violent storms and tornadoes. Wh

51、en you look to the sky on a rainy day, you will see nothing but a dense blanket of low, gray, featureless clouds. 5 In contrast with the violent, short-lived rains associated with unstable clouds, these clouds typically produce light or moderate rainfall of longer duration. These blanket-like clouds

52、 form with their bases below 6, 500 feet. They normally contain water droplets. Sometimes they can contain snow or ice when temperatures are low enough. A. Rain clouds tend to appear dark gray. B. Rain clouds has a lot of droplets in it. C. These clouds form at low or middle altitudes and block sunl

53、ight. D. These clouds form at middle and high altitudes and contain much water. E. If the condensed droplets in a cloud get large enough, theyll fall as rain. F. This kind of cloud may become more energetic, resulting in thunderstorm. G. The major varieties of rain clouds are classified by their app

54、earance and altitude. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。讲述了不同特征的云产生不同的天气。1. 【解析】选E。上句提到云的形成, 选项E“如果云里的水珠过大就会落下来形成雨, ”与上句密切衔接, 顺理成章。故选E。2. 【解析】选A。根据下句解释的原因可知A 选项是这一原因产生的结果。故选A。3. 【解析】选G。上句提到, 要想知道什么样的云会下雨或下雪, 首先得知道科学家是怎样给云分类的。G选项“主要几种云是按照形状和高度来划分的。”与上句顺理成章, 符合语境。故选G。4. 【解析】选F。上文提到, 天气不稳的时候, 云会在垂直方向发展。F 选项“这种云会携有更大能量形成雷雨

55、, ”与上句以及下句“有时候这种云会形成大雨或冰雹”语义衔接, 符合语境。故选F。5. 【解析】选C。根据上句中的关键信息词low, 可知这种云海拔较低。C选项正好符合语义。故选C。【知识拓展】背景链接A cloud is made of water drops or ice crystals floating in the sky. There are many kinds of clouds. Clouds are an important part of Earths weather. The sky can be full of water. But most of the time

56、you cant see the water. The drops of water are too small to see. They have turned into a gas called water vapor. As the water vapor goes higher in the sky, the air gets cooler. The cooler air causes the water droplets to start to stick to things like bits of dust, ice or sea salt. 阅读理解I took down th

57、e violin I made in the past two months, and walked towards the farmland outside. The violin shined in the sunlight, and I admitted, unwillingly, that it looked good. But I knew it was a mockery (笑柄) of my failure to find beauty. “What makes a violin beautiful?”I first asked this question as a three-

58、year-old child and now again as a teenager. When I listened to a violin for the first time, I was so astonished by its beauty that I imagined a fairy living in the wooden frame. But fairies faded when I grew older. I wanted a reasonable answer to the question. I referred to Professor Ruan, my violin

59、 teacher, who introduced the violin to me 14 years ago. This 85-year-old man rhapsodized(热烈赞美) about the legend of Antonio Stradivari. “His violins are the most beautiful works human has ever crafted. ” “Make a violin with your own hands, ” Professor Ruan suggested, “When you play it, youll know. ”H

60、owever, when Professor Ruan introduced a violin workshop to me, what I saw was far from my expectation. In front of me was a fat worker, shirtless and sunburned, soon to become my master. What shocked me most was that the “master” knew nearly nothing about music. His rough hands had been tending cro

61、ps, not instruments, for most of his life. Two months later, standing outside the workshop, I was disappointed. Yes, I just finished or copied a Stradivarius violin. But I didnt find beauty in it. Then I remembered Professor Ruans words, “When you play it, youll know. ” So I closed my eyes, and focu

62、sed on where my fingers and strings touched. Music flowed suddenly so beautifully that for a moment I doubted my own ears. Slowly I opened my eyes, and with surprise found the fairy of my childhood fantasy dancing to my musicthe two-year-old daughter of the master. Professor Ruan was right. I didnt

63、find beauty until I played music with the violin, because beauty isnt in the instrument itself. Its just here, deep down, in ourselves. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者三岁时第一次听到小提琴的声音, 就对它产生了兴趣。直到他亲手弹奏了以后, 他才发现真正的美丽并不是来自乐器, 而是来自我们内心。1. When he listened to a violin for the first time, what happened to the writer?A

64、. He found the violin looked beautiful. B. He was astonished to see a fairy in the violin. C. He became interested in the violin. D. He began to learn how to play the violin. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段“When I listened to a violin for the first time, I was so astonished by its beauty that I imagined a fairy l

65、iving in the wooden frame. ”可知作者第一次听小提琴的时候, 就对小提琴产生了兴趣。故选C。2. What did the writer do in the workshop during two months?A. He listened to the legend of Antonio Stradivari. B. He taught the master knowledge of music. C. He played music with the violin for the daughter of the master. D. He made his own

66、 violin with the help of the master. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第六段“Two months later, standing outside the workshop, I was disappointed. Yes, I just finished or copied a Stradivarius violin. ”可知两个月后作者复制完成了一把小提琴, 故在这两个月期间, 作者在大师的帮助下制作了他自己的小提琴。故选D。3. Why did the writer feel disappointed when he was outside the wor

67、kshop?A. He created an ugly-looking violin. B. His master knew little about music. C. He failed to find beauty in the violin. D. He had to work in a terrible workshop. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第六段“But I didnt find beauty in it. ”可知作者两个月后站在车间外, 虽然完成或者制作了小提琴, 但感到很失望, 原因是他没有发现小提琴其中的美, 故选C。4. The text mainly tell

68、s us that_. A. music brings beautyB. beauty lies in our heartsC. we should develop a hobbyD. teachers are important to students【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段“because beauty isnt in the instrument itself. Its just here, deep down, in ourselves. ”可知文章通过作者对小提琴感兴趣到自己制作小提琴, 最后领悟到美不在乐器本身, 而是在我们的内心深处。告诉我们美是存在于我们内心的, 故选B。长难句分析When I listened to a violin for the first time, I was so astonished by its beauty that I imagined a fairy living in the wooden frame. 分析: When引导时间状语从句;so. . . that. . . 表示“如此以至于”, that引导结果状语从句;living in the wooden frame为现在分词短语作后置定语, 修饰fairy。翻译: 当我第一次听小提琴的时候, 我被它的美妙惊呆了, 我想象着一个仙女住在那个木框里。