《创新方案 》2015届高三英语（湖北专版）一轮语法突破：第十二讲　名词性从句.doc

1、 第十二讲名词性从句考点一主语从句1(2013重庆高考改编)_ in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.(strike)这部电影最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。答案：What struck me most2(2014荆州质检)_whether Legend of Zhen Huan, a favorite among Chinese viewers, will be accepted by foreign audiences.(remain)备受中国观众喜爱的电视剧甄嬛传能否被外国观众接受还有待观察。答案：It remains t

2、o be seen考点二宾语从句3At first, they took it for granted _ to the library.(have)一开始，他们想当然地认为每个人都可以进入那家图书馆。答案：that everyone had access4With the rapid development of science and technology, I cant imagine _ in ten years.(what)随着科技的快速发展，我无法想象十年后我的家乡会是什么样子。答案：what my hometown will be/look like考点三表语从句5What my

3、 father often tells me is _ a girl shine is not her looks but her personality.(make)我父亲经常告诉我：让一个女孩儿耀眼的不是她的外表而是她的个性。答案：that what makes6(2014黄冈中学五月调考)The kids are not interested in this subject, which is _.(lie)孩子们对这门功课不感兴趣，这是问题所在。答案：where the problem lies考点四同位语从句7(2014襄阳三月调考)Honestly speaking, I have

4、 no idea _the driving test at the first attempt.(pass)说实话，我不知道我是否能够在驾驶考试中一次过关。答案：whether I can pass8The order _ hasnt reached us, so we dont know whether we have the time to visit you.(return)我们没有接到什么时候返回的命令，所以我们不知道是否有时间去看你。答案：when we (should) return9(湖北高考)The news _ has caused many people to sell t

5、heir houses at lower prices.(fall)房价将要下跌的消息已经导致许多人以较低价将房子卖掉了。答案：that house prices will fall考点五whever引导的名词性从句10(2014宜昌调研)_ will have to pay for it.(break)你们中任何一个人打破窗户都必须赔偿。答案：Whichever one of you breaks the window一、各种名词性从句的定义What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.(主语从句；what作主语)她告

6、诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。In recent years, there has been a heated argument about whether it is necessary for children to learn English from an early age.(宾语从句)近几年来，关于儿童是否应该从早年学英语有激烈的争论。When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.(同位语从句)当战争的消息传来时，他决定参军。I prefer shutting myself

7、in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats where I dont agree. You should have a more active life.(表语从句)在周日我喜欢把自己关在家里一整天听音乐。那就是我不赞同的地方，你应该拥有更积极的生活。1主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的从句叫主语从句。2宾语从句：在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句叫宾语从句，位于及物动词、介词或形容词后。3同位语从句：跟在一个抽象名词之后，对该名词的具体内容作进一步解释说明。4表语从句：在复合句中作表语的名词性从句叫表语从句，放在系动词之后。二、that引导的名

8、词性从句1that引导主语从句That you didnt know the rules wont be an excuse for your failure.你不知道规则不能成为你失败的借口。It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future.显而易见学生应该对未来做好准备。It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.已经定下来了，会议推迟到了下周一。连词that在引导名词性从句时本身没有意义，在

9、从句中不担任任何句子成分，但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不能省略。在宾语从句中有时可省略。(1)that引导主语从句位于句首时，that无意义，但是不可省略。(2)that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：Itbe形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)that从句。Itbe名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.

10、)that从句。Itbe过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)that从句。2that引导宾语从句Experts believe that people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.(2013北京高考)专家认为可以通过只有必须时才购物这一方法减少食物的浪费。He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.他是个好学生，就是有

11、点粗心。He has made it clear that he will not give in.他不会屈服的，这一点他已明确表示了。(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think, make, consider等，可以用it作形式宾语。(2)that从句一般不能充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语。3that引导表语从句和同位语从句My decision is that all of us are

12、 to start at 6 oclock tomorrow morning.(表语从句)我的决定是我们所有人明天早上6点出发。I made a promise to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be different.(同位语从句)(2012浙江高考)我给自己做出承诺：今年，我上高中的第一年，将会与以往不同。(1)that引导表语从句时，一般不省略。(2)that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词如fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news,

13、 problem, possibility等后，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，that只起引导同位语从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，一般不省略。三、whether/if(是否)引导的名词性从句It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (2012山东高考)在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。(主语从句，不可用if代替whether)I didnt know whether/if he would attend the concert.我并不知道他是否参加音乐会。(宾语从句，可用if代替whe

14、ther)The question is whether it is worth trying.问题是值不值得试一试。(表语从句，不可用if代替whether)He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一个问题。(同位语从句，不可用if代替whether)It depends on whether you can do the work well.那取决于你是否能做好这项工作。(宾语从句，不可用if代替whether)whether和if在宾语从句中经常可以互换，但下列情况常用whether

15、，不用if。1与or或or not连用时只能用whether2从句作介词宾语时只能用whether3在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般用whether不用if。四、who, why, how, where, when等引导的名词性从句It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。Scientists study how human brains work to make computers.(2012四川高考)科学家研究人类的大脑是如何运作的以制作电脑。Some students even have

16、 no idea of why they are studying, so they waste much time playing.有些学生甚至不知道他们为什么学习，所以他们浪费了很多时间来玩。It hasnt been made clear when the new underground line is to be open to traffic.新的地铁线路何时开放还不清楚。Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything.恐怕他是夸夸其谈而非埋头实干的人，这就是他一事

17、无成的原因。1特殊疑问词引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语。2能接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词很多，常见的有see, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise等。3以上疑问词可引导介词宾语从句。4特殊疑问词还可引导表语从句和同位语从句。五、what, whever引导的名词性从句What attracted me most was the excellent performance of actors.最吸引我的是演员们

18、的精彩表现。Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.(主语从句)任何一个想要住旅店的人都必须自己付钱。There are various things on sale, so you can choose whatever interests you.(宾语从句)有各种各样的物品在出售，所以你可以选择你感兴趣的任何东西。Whatever/No matter what you say, I will not believe you.(让步状语从句)无论你说什么，我都不相信。1what引导名词性从句时，what在从句中作主

19、语、宾语、表语、定语。2“疑问词ever”可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。whoever与whatever表泛指，意为“无论谁”，“无论什么”；whichever表示在特定范围内选择，意为“无论的哪一个/哪一些”。3“疑问词ever”还可以引导让步状语从句。4“no matter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。六、同位语从句与定语从句的区别The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。(此句为同位语从句，进一步解释“the news”的内容)The

20、news (that) you told me yesterday was really disappointing.你昨天告诉我的消息真的很令人失望。(此句是定语从句，它指的是“你昨天告诉我的那个消息”)1同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明，引导词that只起引导作用，在句中不作任何成分，一般不可省略。2定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制，引导词在句中作一定的句子成分。1.No judgment will be made about _ the crime until the whole case has been investigated.(guilty)只有整个案件调查完毕

21、之后才能判定这个人是否有罪。答案：whether the man is guilty of2It is more and more commonly realized by people that _， it cannot match a healthy body.(wealthy)人们越来越普遍地认识到，无论你多么有钱，也比不上有一个好身体。答案：however/no matter how wealthy you are3Decades of reform and openingup has made our motherland _ now.(what)几十年的改革开放使得我们祖国发展成为

22、现在的样子了。答案：what she/it is4Theres no need to severely care about _.(belong)不属于你的，又何必拼了命地去在乎。答案：what doesnt belong to you5A growing number of people express a strong desire _ another job to get more money to support their family.(take)越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。答案：that they (should) take (up)/t

23、o take(up)6The question is _ the cost of the product.(reduce)问题是我们能否降低产品的成本。答案：whether we can reduce7(2014武昌区调研)“_was just how often people were using their mobile phones.” Dr Daniel Kruger, the studys coauthor, said.(find)丹尼尔克鲁格博士是本次研究的合著者，他说：“我们发现有趣的是人们如此频繁地使用手机。”答案：What we found interesting8(2014

24、黄石调研)_ to the conference surprised us, since he was an important figure in this field after all.(invite)他没有被邀请参加会议很让我们吃惊，毕竟他是这一行业的重要人物。答案：That he was not invited/His not being invited9He turned a deaf ear to _，addicted to playing gambling.(what)他对我曾经说过的话充耳不闻，一味沉溺于赌博。答案：what I had said10(2014黄梅一中高三测试

25、)The representatives all applauded his proposal _ education.(access)代表们都赞同他的提案，即每个孩子都应有平等的机会接受教育。答案：that each child (should) have equal access to11Dad has given up smoking, saying he just did _ ten years ago.(do)爸爸戒烟了，说自己只是做了十年前就该做的事。答案：what he should have done12(2014荆门高三调研)Building a wellbeing and

26、harmonious society is _.(struggle)我们一直为之奋斗的就是建设一个和谐的安康社会。答案：what we have been struggling for13(2014荆州调研)When the news came _， she was deeply uneasy because her husband was on board.(sink)当有消息说那艘船已经沉没时，她感到深深不安，因为她的丈夫在那艘船上。答案：that the ship had sunk14(2014武汉市高三五月供题)_ is that the H7N9 spreads more easily to people than similar viruses.(worry)令专家担忧的是H7N9比其他同类病毒更容易传播给人。答案：What the experts are worried about/What worries the experts15(2014武汉四月调考)After Pauls fourth error, word came _in no time.(fire)在保罗犯了第四个错误后，有消息说他马上要被炒鱿鱼了。答案：that he would be fired