高三英语二轮复习课件：名词性从句.ppt

1、一、找出以下句子的成分（主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补）1.Mouse loves rice.2.God is a girl.3.I am Miss Chen,the head teacher of Class 1.4(1)His job is important.(2)What he does is important.5(1)This is his job.(2)This is what he does every day.6(1)I dont like his job.(2)I dont like what he does every day.7(1)I dont know the man,

2、Mr.White.(2)I dont know the fact that he is a teacher.名词性从句noun clause主语从句subject clause宾语从句object clause表语从句predicative clause同位语从句appositive clause二.名词性从句的类型 1.Object clause(Object clause(宾语从句宾语从句)1)1)老师教导我们要志向崇高。老师教导我们要志向崇高。The teacher taught usThe teacher taught us that we should aim high that w

3、e should aim high.2)2)你是否能成功将取决于你做什么和怎么做。你是否能成功将取决于你做什么和怎么做。Your success will depend on what you do and how Your success will depend on what you do and how you do it.you do it.3)3)他是否能来帮助我们，我感到怀疑。他是否能来帮助我们，我感到怀疑。I doubt whether/if he will come to our help.I doubt whether/if he will come to our help.

4、4)4)WhetherWhether he will accept your offer,I dont know.he will accept your offer,I dont know.(不用不用if)if)1.The fact is _ she doesnt like pop music.2.My trouble is _ I dont have enough experience.3.The question is _ he will be present or not.4.What troubled him was _ he could get the money.thatthatw

5、hetherwhether/where/how2.Predicative clause(表语从)句5.He is absent today.Its _ he is seriously ill.6.It looks _ its going to rain again.becauseas if 3.Subject clause(主语从句)1.1.人生最重要的并非金钱。人生最重要的并非金钱。What is the most important in lifeWhat is the most important in life isnt isnt money.money.2.2.凡是想看这部电影的人可

6、免费得到一张票凡是想看这部电影的人可免费得到一张票。Whoever wants to see the filmWhoever wants to see the film may get a free may get a free ticket.ticket.3.3.That the earth is roundThat the earth is round is known to all.is known to all.-It is known to all that the earth is round.-It is known to all that the earth is round.

7、4.4.That you missed the chanceThat you missed the chance is a pity.is a pity.-It is a pity that-It is a pity that that that 无意义无意义,后接一个完整的句子后接一个完整的句子.4.Appositive clause(同位语从句):后面跟同位语从句的名词有:fact,news,idea thought,question,remark 等.1.The idea _ computers will recognizehuman voices surprises many peop

8、le.2.The possibility _ the majority of thelabour force will work at home is often discussed.3.I have no idea _ he has gone.4.They are thinking about the question _ they could succeed in the competition.5.Please tell us the truth _ did that for us.thatthatwherehowwho三、名词性从句考点：.语序问题4.连接词that,what,whic

9、h,whether,if,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,whosever,when,where,why,how 6.it 作形式主语,形式宾语的用法.时态问题7.7.同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别5.名词性从句中的虚拟语气.主谓一致问题重点合成一个句子：1)He would be back in an hour.He saidHe said(that)he would be back in an hour.2)Do they speak English?We want to knowWe want to

10、know if/whether they speak English.3)What is her name?He asks meHe asks me what her name is.考点1.语序:连接词陈述句注意：在think,believe,suppose,expect 等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上，称为否定转移。I dont think he will see you.We dont expect he is coming.I dont believe he will go.No one can be sure _ in a million years.A.wha

11、t will man look like B.what man will look like C.man will look like what D.what look will man like1)When will Professor Li give us a talk?We wanted to 1)When will Professor Li give us a talk?We wanted to know know We We wanted wanted to know to know whenwhen Professor Li Professor Li wouldwould give

12、 us a give us a talk.talk.2)Jim is a good student.The teacher said 2)Jim is a good student.The teacher said The teacherThe teacher said(that)said(that)Jim Jim waswas a good student.a good student.3)Has Mr.Green been in Beijing for five years?He asked 3)Has Mr.Green been in Beijing for five years?He

13、asked He He askedasked if/whether if/whether Mr.Green Mr.Green had beenhad been in Beijing for in Beijing for five years.five years.1.如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态。2.主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时Our physics teacher once told us that light _(travel)faster than sound.travel

14、s3.主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据从句谓语动词发生的时间选用各种时态Tom says that Mary _(go)abroad last year and _(be)there for nearly 5 months.wenthas been考点3 主谓一致问题1)何时开会还没有决定。When the meeting will begin _(have)not been decided yet.2)他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用

15、_形式。单数复数hasWhen they will start and where they will go _(have)not been decided yet.3)何时何地开会还没有决定。When and where the meeting will begin _(have)not been decided yet.has单数have1.引导词that（当名词性从句中不缺任何成分时用that)that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略that不可省略的情况：1.主语从句2.表语从句3.同位语从句4.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句5.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that

16、不能省略考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用that/省略1)I dont think _ she is coming.2)It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3)The reason is _ he is careless.4)The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5)I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6)He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a

17、living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that2.其它连接代词和副词的选用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。1)我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.2)我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.3)我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _

18、he looks like.4)这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwhowhatwhere1)I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.2)His mother is satisfied with what he has done.3)That he was able to come made us happy.4)This is what makes us interested.5)The reason was that Tom had never seen the mil

19、lion-pound note before.所引所引导导的从句中是否的从句中是否缺主缺主语语、表、表语语或或宾语宾语汉语汉语意意义义能否省略能否省略whatwhatthatthat3.that 和what 的选用that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。填that 还是 what？1)_ he wants is a book.2)_ he wants to go there is obvious.3)The result is _ we won the game.4)This is _ we want to know.5)Is _ he told us true?6)We should

20、 pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7)I have no doubt _ he will come.8)I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat1)在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语时,whether和if 都能引导主语从句,否则,也只能用whether。如:Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.It hasnt been decided whether(if)we

21、 shall attend the meeting.4.if 和whether 的选用2)在表语从句和同位语从句中。如：The question is whether the film is worth seeing.The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.4.if 和whether 的选用3)在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略)如:It all depends(on)whether they will support us.4)后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：He doesnt know whether to stay or no

22、t.5)后面紧接or not 时。如：We didnt know whether or not she was ready.4.if 和whether 的选用4.if 和whether 的选用不能使用if 的情况：1）主语从句2）表语从句3）同位语从句4）介词后的宾语从句5）whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do6）whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.if/whether1)I asked her _ she had a bike.2)_ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends

23、on the weather.3)Were worried about _ he is safe.4)I dont know _ he is well or not.5)I dont know _ or not he is well.6)The question is _ he should do it.7)The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8)I dont know _ to go.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhet

24、herwhether基本句型：It is+形容词、名词、过去分词+that.+(should)do 形容词:important,necessary,natural,strange 名词:a pity,a shame,no wonder 过去分词:suggested,ordered,demanded,insisted 1.It is ordered that he _ the examination?A.takes B.has to take C.must take D.take2.It is strange that he _ you this.A.would tell B.should te

25、ll C.had told D.has told考点考点5 5 虚拟语气虚拟语气a)a)主语从句中的虚拟语主语从句中的虚拟语We suggested that the meeting _A.should put off B.be put off C.was put off D.putting off表示建议、要求、命令、坚持等动词suggest,insist,advise,propose,demand,require,request,order,command后的从句谓语动词用_注意:suggest 当表示“暗示、表明”讲时，insist 表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句不用虚拟语气(should

26、)+do/be doneThe smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with our work.was考点5 虚拟语气b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气a.I wish I _(know)the answer now.b.I wish he _(pass)the exam yesterday.c.I wish I _(fly)to the moon in a few years.1.对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时2.对过去虚拟时，用had过去分词3.对将来虚拟时，用would(might等)动词原形knewhad

27、passedwould fly在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即_1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.2.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can try2.The order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to.A.stopped B.didnt stop C.stop D.not

28、stop考点5 虚拟语气c)表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气(should)+do/be done1.I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.3.It is obvious to the students whether they should get well prepared for their future.4.It doesnt matter that y

29、ou will come or not.itItthatwhether找出下列句子中的错误当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句_，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。it 也可作形式宾语。后置考点6 it作形式主语和形式宾语用it 作形式主语的结构(1)It is名词从句It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸It is common knowledge that是常识(2)It is形容词从句(多用 should)It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是(3)It is 不及物动词从句It

30、seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎(4)It is 过去分词从句It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说1）It is certain that he will come.2）It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week.3）It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday eveni

31、ng.在宾语从句中,如果宾语从句后有宾语补足语，为了保持句子平衡,用it作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾,常用于此句型的动词有:make,find,see,hear,feel,think.1）I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.2）I think it a pity to waste the food.考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词+从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact,idea,news,information,order,belief,advice,suggestio

32、n等抽象名词3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether,what,when,where 等来引导同位语从句。1)I have no idea _ he comes from.2)He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3)He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4)I have no doubt _ he will win.5)I have some doubt _ he will win.that/whethe

33、r/where/howwherehowthatthatwhether4.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词;定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。We express the hope that they will come to visit China again.Those who want to go please sign their names here.1)The news that he told us made us happy.2)The news that we won the game made us happy.3)We wil

34、l consider the suggestion that we should build a new library.4)We will consider the suggestion that he put forward at the meeting.同位语从句or定语从句?定语从句同位语从句定语从句同位语从句5)The news that he told me is that Mike would go abroad next year.6)The news that Mike would go abroad next year is told by him.7)She expres

35、sed the hope that they would come to visit Shanghai again.8)The hope(that)she expressed is that they would come to visit Shanghai again.定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句同位语从句or定语从句?请看这两句有什么不同？The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.The news that he told me yesterday is true.定语从句同位语从句that4.同位语从句

36、和定语从句的区别The news that they won the match is true.(news和从句没有逻辑关系)The order when we should go back hasnt reached us.(order和从句没有逻辑关系)The news that you told us yesterday is true.(news是told的逻辑宾语)The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten.(day是founded 的逻辑状语)同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。4.同位语从句和定语从句的区别