2021届高考英语二轮创新复习 专题强化练（一）-（二）—阅读理解之细节理解题练习（含解析）.doc

1、专题强化练(一)阅读理解之细节理解题(限时25分钟)对应学生用书(单独成册)第105页A(2020河南大教育合作学校6月联考)Ways to Learn a New LanguageHere are several awesome learning apps and training services that will have you speaking a new language in no time.Earworms MBT Language Learning BundleHave you ever noticed how easy it is to memorize the word

2、s of a song？Well，Earworms Musical Brain Training uses that exact phenomenon to teach you a new language whether you are a beginner or an expert.Without even trying，youll subconsciously acquire a collection of German，Spanish，Italian，or French words.Start listening and learning for $14.99(62% off)The

3、FastTrack Language Learning BundleSince Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language in the US，learning its fundamentals will be particularly helpful in your life.And this course is great for beginners：You will learn basic sentence structure，verb tenses，as well as how to hold a conversation.Y

4、ou can get a lifetime subscription for $19.99(97% off)The Complete Learn French in 30 Days BundleThis training bundle，which consists of 10 courses，is perfect for beginners.You will start by learning commonly used vocabulary and phrases before moving on to building proper sentence structure and maste

5、ring French grammar.By the end of the bundle，you will know how to speak French in everyday，realworld situations.You can start learning for $19(90% off)Language ZenSpanish Language Learning ProgramLanguage Zen is effective at teaching Japanese.It adapts to every user.No matter your level，Language Zen

6、 works its magic by discovering your strengths and weaknesses to create a learning experience just for you.You will even learn vocabulary and phrases from specialized topics that apply most to you.Start learning for $98.99(50% off)and get lifetime access in case you want to return to it later.语篇解读本文

7、是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个学习应用程序和培训服务，来帮助人们在短时间内学会一门新的语言。1How is Earworms MBT Language Learning Bundle special?AIt can teach users French.BIt is suitable for beginners.CIt teaches by playing songs.DIt offers the biggest discount.解析：细节理解题。根据Earworms MBT Language Learning Bundle部分中的第一、二句内容可知，这个语言学习利用歌曲来辅导人们学习语言

8、。答案：C2Who might be a possible user of the 10course training service?AA native Frenchman.BA French beginner.CA French teacher.DA French interpreter.解析：推理判断题。根据The Complete Learn French in 30 Days Bundle部分中的首句内容可知，这个学习培训是针对初学法语的人。答案：B3Which of the following can provide a personalized service?AThe Fast

9、Track Language Learning Bundle.BEarworms MBT Language Learning Bundle.CThe Complete Learn French in 30 Days Bundle.DLanguage ZenSpanish Language Learning Program.解析：细节理解题。根据Language ZenSpanish Language Learning Program部分中的a learning experience just for you以及that apply most to you等内容可知，这个语言学习程序会为用户提供

10、个性化服务。答案：DB(2020长沙高三统一模拟)Im interested in the Renaissance(文艺复兴)，so I like visiting ancient Italian cities.Ferrara is called City of the Renaissance.When I learned about this city on the Internet，I decided to pay a visit to it.The city has a certain charm，but I find it isnt as great as other Italian

11、cities like Verona，let alone Venice or Rome. The Michelin Green Guide gives it two stars，which is right.I first visited the city centre.The Cathedral and Castello Estense are at the heart of the city. Both have striking appearances.I visited the Cathedral first.Castello Estense is also worth visitin

12、g，which owes its name to the powerful Este family.It was built with bricks and surrounded by a moat(护城河)At the lower levels，the history of the city and the Este family are told through displays，and in another part the ceilings are shown through mirrors on the ground.In the north，we can appreciate th

13、e Renaissance extension of the town，with straight streets and monumental houses.The famous Palazzo dei Diamanti lies here.When I was visiting it，it started to rain，so after taking a few photos quickly，I cut my visit there short.It had been raining for a few days.When the rain ceased，I went to visit

14、the historical centre and the Renaissance buildings.After leaving there，I visited several other interesting places such as palaces and the narrow streets of the downtown.After four hours in Ferrara I left by train to Mantua.There I had a much better time.语篇解读作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，所以作者喜欢参观意大利的古老城市。费拉拉被称为“文艺复兴之城

15、”，作者在网上了解了这座城市之后决定去参观。本文介绍了这座城市的一些地方并讲述了作者的参观过程。4Why did the author pay a visit to Ferrara?ABecause it is related to the Renaissance.BBecause it is full of charm.CBecause it is a very famous city in Europe.DBecause it is strongly recommended by a website.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，费拉拉被称为“文艺复兴之城”

16、，即它与文艺复兴有关，所以作者去参观了费拉拉。答案：A5What did the author think of The Michelin Green Guides comment on Ferrara?ARidiculous.BReasonable.CUnacceptable. DUnbelievable.解析：细节理解题。题干问的是作者如何看待米其林绿色指南对费拉拉的评价。根据第二段中的“.but I find it isnt as great as other Italian cities like Verona，let alone Venice or Rome. The Micheli

17、n Green Guide gives it two stars，which is right.”可知，作者认为费拉拉不如像维罗那等的意大利城市好，更不用说威尼斯和罗马了，米其林绿色指南给这个城市评两颗星是合理的。故B项正确。答案：B6How could Castello Estense probably get its name according to the text?AIt came from the historical buildings.BIt originated from the straight streets.CIt was named after the powerfu

18、l Este family.DIt was connected to the surrounding moat.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第五句可知，埃斯坦塞城堡的名字起源于强大的埃斯特家族，即以这个家族的名字而命名，故C项正确。答案：C7What can we infer from the text?AThe writer thought Ferrara was as great as Venice.BThe writer visited Palazzo dei Diamanti for a long time.CThe writer was much more satisfied wit

19、h the tour in Mantua than in Ferrara.DThe writer was disappointed with the visit to the Cathedral and Castello Estense.解析：推理判断题。根据尾段最后两句可知，作者在曼图亚度过了更加愉快的时光，并结合第二段尾句可推知，与费拉拉相比，作者对于曼图亚之旅更满意，故C项正确。答案：C词汇积累：Para.2：let alone更不用说Para.3：striking adj.引人注目的Para.4：cut sth.short提早结束某事，中断某事C(2020武汉学习质量检测)Yellow

20、 is usually the color of happy，joyful emotions.But according to a new study，not all people associate the color with good feelings.To find out what factors might play a role，researchers tested a new hypothesis(假设): What if peoples physical surroundings affect their feelings about certain colors？For e

21、xample，if someone lived in cold and rainy Finland，would he feel differently about the color yellow from someone who lived near the Sahara Desert?The researchers looked at coloremotion data from an ongoing international survey of 6，625 people in 55 countries.The survey asked participants to rate 12 c

22、olors on how closely they were associated with feelings including joy，pride，fear，and shame.The researchers paid particular attention to the data for yellow，and analyzed how different factorsincluding hours of sunshine，hours of daylight，and the amount of rainfallwere associated with the emotions peop

23、le reported for the color.The two best predictors of how people felt about yellow were the annual amount of rainfall，and how far they lived from the equator(赤道)Overall，people were more likely to associate yellow with joy when they lived in rainier countries that lay farther from the equator，research

24、ers reported in the Journal of Environmental Psychology.In Egypt，the likelihood(可能性)of yellow being associated with joy was just 5.7%，whereas in chilly Finland it was 87.7%.In the United States，with its mild climate and amber waves of grain，peoples yellowjoy association levels were between 60% and 7

25、0%.The researchers also checked whether associations changed with the seasonwhether，for example，people in a certain country liked yellow more in the winter than they did in the summer.They found that opinions about the color remained fairly constant all year roundeven when the weather changed，the da

26、ta on yellowjoy associations were as good as gold.语篇解读研究人员通过研究一项有关颜色和情绪的调查数据发现，人们对黄色的感觉与年降雨量和他们住的地方离赤道的距离有关，而与季节变化的关联性不大。8What did the researchers do before the survey?AThey went to Finland.BThey made an assumption.CThey studied certain colors.DThey analyzed some data.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To find out wh

27、at factors might play a role，researchers tested a new hypothesis.”可知，在进行这项调查之前，研究人员提出了一个假设。故选B。答案：B9Which of the following affects peoples feelings about yellow?AThe changeable weather.BThe length of daytime.CThe geographical position.DThe amount of snowfall.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The two best predictors

28、 of how people felt about yellow were the annual amount of rainfall，and how far they lived from the equator.”可知，人们对黄色的感觉的两个最好预示物是年降雨量和他们住的地方离赤道的距离。由此可知，地理位置影响人们对黄色的感觉。故选C。答案：C10How did the researchers carry out the survey?ABy interviewing participants.BBy studying the data collected.CBy traveling ar

29、ound the world.DBy looking at color combinations.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The researchers looked at coloremotion data from an ongoing international survey of 6，625 people in 55 countries.”可知，研究人员是通过研究收集的数据来进行该项调查的。故选B。答案：B11What can be the best title of the text?AFinland: A Country Admiring YellowBYellow A

30、ssociated with Joy ConditionallyCColor: An Important Role in Good FeelingsDColoremotion Data Collected Internationally解析：标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现不是所有人都把黄色与令人愉快的情绪联系在一起。研究人员通过研究相关调查数据，分析了不同的因素是如何与人们对黄色的感觉联系在一起的。由此可知，B项最适合作本文标题。答案：B专题强化练(二)阅读理解之细节理解题(限时25分钟)对应学生用书(单独成册)第107页A(2020中原名校第四次质量评估)For many of

31、us，summertime means road trips to the beach or mountains，or at the very least some additional dust and bird poop on the exterior of our vehicles.The extra dirt leads us to do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash.But which choice is better for the environment?The ma

32、in concerns with either choice are the amount of fresh water being used and the types of chemicals used to remove the dirt.Both of these concerns can be closely monitored when washing the car at home，says Katy Gresh，spokeswoman for the Southwest Region of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental

33、 Protection.She advises car owners to put aside a set amount of water for the entire wash.“Its just like brushing your teeth，” she says.“You dont want to leave the water running of more than you need for the job.” But even following this advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in t

34、he driveway or street flushes the dirty water into storm drains.“Drains are not made for treating waste，”says John Schombert，executive director of 3 Rivers Wet Weather，whose organization works to educate the public about storm sewers(下水道)and water runoff，keeping this untreated water from entering th

35、e Allegheny regions waterways.“We ask people to consider washing their cars on lawns or other permeable(透水的)surfaces where the water gets absorbed，”Schombert says.“Soil can break down and help filter(过滤)those things，” Schombert says.“Storm sewers are not made for waste disposal.” Even when car owner

36、s use natural soaps to wash their cars，which Schombert says are probably ineffective at breaking down grease anyway.The commercial car wash down the street knows full well the rules regarding wastewater in storm sewers.According to the International Carwash Association(ICA)，professional car washes m

37、ust use water treatment systems.These mandated processes not only keep the dirty water out of storm sewers and regular water treatment systems，but they also work to reduce water usage at commercial facilities.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了在家洗车会对环境有害，而商业洗车店对雨水下水道的污水处理规则了如指掌，专业洗车必须使用水回收系统。1What worries people whe

38、n they have their cars washed?AThe dirt cannot be removed easily.BA larger amount of water is wasted.CThe washing ways do no good to their cars.DThe used chemicals are harmless to the environment.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Its just like brushing your teeth， she says.You dont want to leave the water running of

39、 more than you need for the job.(这就像刷牙一样，她说，你不想让水流得比所需的更多。)”可知，人们在外边洗车时，担心会浪费掉更多的水。答案：B2Whats the disadvantage of washing cars at home?AIt is not easy to deal with.BIt cannot clean the dirt completely.CIt consumes a larger amount of water.DIt does much damage to the environment.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But

40、even following this advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in the driveway or street flushes the dirty water into storm drains.(但即使遵循这一建议，也会带来环境风险：在车道或街道上洗车会将脏水冲进雨水沟)”可知，在家自己洗车对环境有害处。答案：D3What is Johns company mainly about?APurifying untreated water.BHelping the public protect wat

41、erways.CAdvocating controlling soil and water loss.DRaising the publics awareness of air protection.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.whose organization works to educate the public about storm sewers and water runoff，keeping this untreated water from entering the Allegheny regions waterways.(他的公司致力于教育公众有关雨水水道和水径流的知

42、识，防止未经处理的水进入阿勒格尼地区的水道)”可知，约翰的公司主要帮助公众保护水道。答案：B4What can be the best title of the text?ADo You Put Car Washing at Risk?BWhich Is Better: Car Wash or DIY?CWhy Dish Washers Are Better Than Hand Washing?DDo Americans Use Less Water Than They Did Years Ago?解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第一段最后两句“The extra dirt leads us to

43、do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash.But which choice is better for the environment？(这些额外的脏东西会让我们做以下两件事之一：在私人车道上洗车，还是去洗车处洗车。但是哪种选择对环境更好呢？)”以及结合文章主要内容可知，本文主要介绍了在专业洗车店里洗车和自己动手洗车，到底哪个对环境更有益处。答案：BB(2020湖南长郡中学三模)If youve been paying attention，you know that rooks(crow

44、s，rooks and ravens)are remarkably intelligent birds.Now these feathered geniuses have been given a job: six rooks have been trained to pick up rubbish in the Puy du Fou historical theme park in western France.Whenever Boubou，Bamboo，Bill，Black，Bricole and Baco place a cigarette butt or other small pi

45、eces of trash in a special container，it offers a treatrewarding for their efforts.The idea came from one of the parks falconers(养鹰人)，Christophe Gaborit.As part of the falconry show，crows had already been trained to pick up roses and bring them to a princess，so in the 2000s，Gaborit raised and trained

46、 two rooks to do the same with rubbish.The training system is similar to experimental programs for testing rooks intelligence，in which a vending machine distributes a food reward when a crow correctly performs a task.Earlier this year，a type of vending machine was used to teach crows how to tear pap

47、er into a specific shape.And 10 years ago，“hacker” Josh Klein built a similar vending machine to reward crows for getting back lost money.So we know the concept works.The rooks are employed for the first time over the weekend，and theyll be working four days a week under close watchnot for the birds，

48、but to make sure the humans dont deliberately drop rubbish to watch the birds clean it up.Thats because the aim of the rook garbage collectors isnt only to collect garbageits also to get parkgoers to think before they litter.“OK，the birds are able to do something that we are much more able to do tha

49、n them，so we should do this by ourselves，”park president Nicolas de Villiers told NPR.“Its a funny way to show the people that you cannot throw papers everywhere.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。公园中总少不了垃圾，尤其是小而难缠的烟头等。法国的一个主题公园想到了一个好办法：训练乌鸦来捡拾垃圾。5Who is the trainer of the rooks to pick up garbage?ANicolas de Villiers.B

50、Josh Klein.CChristophe Gaborit. DPuy du Fou.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The idea came from one of the parks falconers，Christophe Gaborit.so in the 2000s，Gaborit raised and trained two rooks to do the same with rubbish.”可知，Christophe Gaborit想出这个主意，并训练乌鸦捡拾垃圾。答案：C6Why will the rooks work under close watch?ATo make

51、 sure the rooks safety.BTo prevent the rooks flying away.CTo avoid being disturbed purposely by humans.DTo watch the rooks doing the right thing.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“not for the birds，but to make sure the humans dont deliberately drop rubbish to watch the birds clean it up”可知，之所以要严密监视乌鸦捡拾垃圾的过程主要是防止人为故意干

52、扰这一活动。答案：C7What does the employment of the rooks really intend to do?ATo make money through the rooks.BTo pick up roses for a princess.CTo give performances in the park.DTo get humans inspired.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thats because the aim of the rook garbage collectors isnt only to collect garbageits also

53、to get parkgoers to think before they litter.”可知，“雇佣”乌鸦捡拾垃圾主要或真正的目的是通过这一行为给予人们启示，从而注重环境保护。答案：D8What is the main idea of the text?ARooks are employed to pick up rubbish in a France park.BPuy du Fou historical theme park offers the falconry show.CWaste pollution has become a worldwide problem.DPeople

54、are called on to focus on the protection of the birds.解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述法国的一个公园训练并“雇佣”乌鸦捡拾垃圾，从而给人们带来了环保启示，所以A项最能概括文章内容。文章内容并不在the falconry show “训鹰表演”上，所以排除B项；C项“垃圾污染已成为世界性问题”题目范围太大，不具体；D项“号召人们关注鸟类保护”明显和文章主题不相符。答案：AC(2020太原高三模拟一)A Harvard research teams first model of a portable exosuit(机械护甲)is made of

55、 cloth components worn on the waist and upper legs.A computer thats built into the shorts can sense when the user shifts between walking and running.Say the word “exosuit” and superheroes come to mindsomebody like Tony Stark from Marvel Comics，whose fancy suit enables him to become Iron Man.But scie

56、ntists at Harvard University have been developing an actual exosuit，a wearable machine that can improve an average mans strength and toughness.This model improves a wearers performance while he is walking or running.The lead researcher Conor Walsh says when you put on his teams suit，you definitely n

57、otice that its pulling across your joints，so you feel the drive from the suit.But after a while，you dont really notice it anymore.The suit helps to extend the hip joint，saving the users energy.Though you might not notice it，when you shut the suit off after a few minutes of having it turned on，Walsh

58、says，“You really quickly notice that your legs feel a little bit heavier.”Walsh says，“This suit could be helpful for a soldier carrying heavy weights over long distances.” Research on the suit was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency，which is part of the United States Departmen

59、t of Defense and develops military(军事的)technology.“Other future models might help people with medical problems like Parkinsons disease to move more easily，” he says.“My lab cooperates with a company on a suit to help stroke(中风)survivors that is now commercially available.”Karl Zelik，an assistant pro

60、fessor at Vanderbilt University，calls the teams effort “promising work”Zelik says it will enhance human abilities during various aspects of daily life.However，he notes that the exosuit field is changing fast.In the future，he says，the best assist devices may not be exosuits at all，but rather technolo

61、gy put inside a persons body.He predicts that future wearables will also be able to figure out the wearers movement intention，and influence it when necessary to improve human performance.语篇解读本文介绍了哈佛大学的一个研究团队研制的一套机械护甲的作用、特点以及此类外穿设备的发展前景。9What may the exosuit do?ACover a persons whole body.BAnalyze a

62、mans health when he runs.CMake a person move faster and longer.DEnable a person to become a superhero.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But scientists at Harvard University have been developing an actual exosuit，a wearable machine that can improve an average mans strength and toughness.”可知，这款外穿设备可以提高普通人的力量和耐力，从而使人们运

63、动得更快，运动时间更长。故选C。答案：C10How will people feel when they run with the exosuit on for a while?ATheir legs may feel a little heavier.BTheir body may not feel anything strange.CTheir joints will feel pulled by some strength.DTheir body may feel the driving force from it.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But after a while，y

64、ou dont really notice it anymore.”可知，人们穿上这套设备后过一会儿就感觉不到它的存在了，即感觉不到什么异样。B选项最符合文章描述。答案：B11What do Walshs words in Paragraph 4 suggest?AHe works for American military force.BThe suit can protect soldiers in the distance.CPeople with Parkinsons disease will be cured.DA certain model of a suit can be bou

65、ght now.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“My lab cooperates with a company on a suit to help stroke survivors that is now commercially available.”可知，Walsh所在实验室与某个公司合作研制的一款帮助中风患者的外穿设备已经可以在市场上买到。故选D。答案：D12Whats Zeliks attitude towards the future of exosuits?AObjective. BOptimistic.CIndifferent. DHopeless.解析：观点态度题。根据题干

66、中的Zelik可将解题线索定位在最后一段，根据最后一段的内容尤其是“promising work”“he notes that the exosuit field is changing fast”“In the future，he says，the best assist devices may not be exosuits at all，but rather technology put inside a persons body.”等信息可知，Zelik认为Walsh团队研发的外穿设备前景很好，但该领域还在快速变化，Zelik认为着眼未来，最好的辅助设备可能根本不是这样的外穿设备，而是可植入人体的技术性设备。由此可知，Zelik客观地从两方面看待这类外穿设备的未来，故选A项。答案：A词汇积累：Para.4：available adj.可找到的，可获得的；有空的This new product isnt commercially available now.这款新产品现在在市场上还买不到。Para.5：promising adj.有前途的This is a very promising work，which can broaden your horizons.这是一份很有前途的工作，它可以开阔你的视野。