2021届新高考英语二轮（山东专用）强化练（十八）　语法填空（二） WORD版含解析.doc

1、强化练(十八)语法填空(二)Test 1Imagine 1._(be)able to visit any foreign country without having to worry about the language barrier！It has now become a 2._(real)，thanks to the efforts of Waverly Labs.Their solution，the Pilot，is a smart earpiece 3._ can instantly translate the spoken language，allowing users to h

2、ave free conversations with foreigners.The Pilot 4._(develop)by Waverly Labs in the spring of 2017.The company provides two earpieces for each user，fitting 5._ (comfortable)in the ear.During the conversation，the earpiece picks up the sound of the speech and translates it 6._ the listeners language，a

3、nd then “whispers” it back to the listener.As a result，the users are able to make 7._(they)understood.The smart earpiece also 8._(keep) out noise，allowing users to focus on the conversation.When not needed for translation，the earpiece can be used 9._(listen)to music.Like all machinebased translators

4、，the Pilot is not perfect.Waverly Labs states that future generations of the Pilot will decrease the time delay between speech 10._ translation.The Pilot is now equipped with English，Spanish，French，Italian and Portuguese.More languages will be available in future.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。当身处陌生的国家时，我们可能都会学几句简单的当

5、地语言，但当地人可能根本听不懂我们在说什么。现在，一副名叫Pilot的耳机将解决我们在异国他乡的沟通问题。1解析：考查非谓语动词。imagine后需接v.ing形式作宾语。答案：being2解析：考查词性转换。空格前面有冠词修饰，所填单词在句中作become的宾语，故用real的名词形式。答案：reality3解析：考查定语从句的引导词。关系代词that或which指代先行词a smart earpiece，引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。答案：that/which4解析：考查动词的时态和语态。主语the Pilot是谓语动词动作develop的承受者，用被动语态；in the spring

6、of 2017是具体的过去时间作状语，谓语动词用一般过去时。答案：was developed5解析：考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中修饰动词fitting，故用comfortable的副词形式。答案：comfortably6解析：考查固定搭配。translate.into.是固定搭配，意为“把翻译成”。答案：into7解析：考查代词。make oneself understood是习惯表达，意为“让别人听懂自己说的话”。答案：themselves8解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。这里说的是一般性情况，故用一般现在时；主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数形式。答案：keeps9解析：考查非谓语

7、动词。be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”。答案：to listen10解析：考查固定搭配。between.and.是固定搭配，表示“两者之间”。答案：andTest 2The Manta Resort is a remote and luxurious hotel，located on the island of Pemba，and famed for its unique underwater room that allows guests to enjoy the 1._(beauty)marine life of the Indian Ocean from the

8、comfort of their bed!The unusual room floats almost 250 meters away from the coast and 2._(hold)in place by several anchor lines(锚索)leading to the ocean floor.The top two floors of the underwater room are above the surface of the water.At sea level，the landing deck(甲板)in 3._ middle contains an area

9、for resting and dining as well as the bathroom facilities.4._(guest)can also climb a ladder onto the top deck to lie out 5._ the sun or gaze up at the stars during the night.Of course，the real attraction is the bedroom on the bottom level，6._ sits four meters beneath the surface of the water.Besides

10、 a double bed 7._(lie)on，the room also has two large windows on each wall，8._(give)almost a total 360degree view of the water around it.Each window even has underwater spotlights on the outside that attract and illuminate(照明)nearby sea creatures at night，so guests can watch them as they drift off to

11、 sleep.As you can 9._(probable)guess，the cost of enjoying such a hotel room isnt cheap.Spending one night in the underwater room costs us $1，500 for two people on top of the regular cost of the resort，which 10._(vary)depending on the time of year and duration of your stay.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了坐落在印度洋Pem

12、ba岛上的水下宾馆客房。1解析：考查词性转换。根据空格后的marine life可知，此处需要用形容词修饰名词，故填beauty的形容词形式beautiful。答案：beautiful2解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文的floats可知，此处用一般现在时，同时the unusual room与hold是被动关系，故需要用被动语态。答案：is held3解析：考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“中间部分的甲板”，故用定冠词the。in the middle“在中间”是固定用法。答案：the4解析：考查名词的单复数。空前无限定词，所以需要用guest的复数形式。答案：Guests5解析：考查介词

13、。客人们可以爬上梯子到顶层甲板上去晒晒太阳。in the sun表示“在阳光下”。答案：in6解析：考查定语从句的引导词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，此处的先行词是前面的the bedroom，且空处在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以填which。答案：which7解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示“除了一张可以躺在上面的双人床之外”，故应用不定式作后置定语，来修饰a double bed。答案：to lie8解析：考查非谓语动词。此处逻辑主语是前面的two large windows on each wall，与give构成主谓关系，故用动词的ing形式giving。答案：givin

14、g9解析：考查词性转换。根据空后的guess可知，此处需填副词修饰谓语动词，故用probable的副词形式probably。答案：probably10解析：考查时态和主谓一致。根据主句的costs可知此处应用一般现在时，which指代the regular cost of the resort，所以需要用vary的第三人称单数形式varies。答案：variesTest 3Robots will create double the number of jobs that they will destroy，according to the World Economic Forum(WEF)，b

15、ut there will be great 1._ (change)in the structure of the worlds workforce that could affect everyone. According to a new WEF report，75 million jobs 2._(replace)by artificial intelligence(AI)and robots in the next few years.“3._ rise of modern technology could cost millions of workers their jobs.Mo

16、re than eight out of ten businesses 4._(survey)in Britain said that they would use more robots in the next five years.5._ is a widely held belief that routine，lowskilled jobs are most at risk，” said Klaus Schwab，founder of the WEF.Meanwhile，the report also suggests that 133 million new jobs may be c

17、reated，6._ means there will be a pure gain of 58 million new jobs.And there will be a shift away from fulltime work to flexible 7._ (employ)with focus on productivity. The report says there are urgent challenges for reskilling workers 8._ (help)them adapt.“Almost all workers will require refreshing

18、their skills.The aviation(航空)，travel and tourism industry will have the 9._ (large)demand for reskilling，with 68% of its workforce 10._(require)some reskilling，” said Klaus Schwab.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。根据世界经济论坛(WEF)的数据可知，机器人创造的就业岗位将比它们替代的多得多。这将会对劳动力的结构产生重大影响，甚至会影响到每个人。1解析：考查名词的单复数。change在此表示“变化”，是可数名词，前面没有限

19、定词修饰，需用其复数形式。答案：changes2解析：考查动词的时态和语态。主语jobs是谓语动词的承受者，需用被动语态；根据in the next few years可知，该空用一般将来时。答案：will be replaced3解析：考查冠词。rise后跟有of modern technology作后置定语，表示特指，故rise前面用定冠词修饰。答案：The4解析：考查非谓语动词。survey与被修饰词businesses之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词短语surveyed in Britain作后置定语。答案：surveyed5解析：考查代词。it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引

20、导的从句。答案：It6解析：考查定语从句的引导词。空处指代前面整个主句内容，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，故填which。答案：which7解析：考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在这里作介词to的宾语，故填employ的名词形式。答案：employment8解析：考查非谓语动词。to help them adapt是不定式短语作目的状语。答案：to help9解析：考查形容词的最高级。此处意为“航空业和旅游业对再培训的需求最大”，故填large的最高级形式。答案：largest10解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构。宾语68% of its force与宾语补足语require

21、之间是主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式作宾语补足语。答案：requiringTest 4Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning 1._(strike)Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes 2._ they happen within a 30kilometer area.Lightning is a

22、 strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere.It is one of the 3._(old)observed weather events on Earth.It can strike between clouds or between a cloud and the ground.Since lightning carries an 4._(extreme)powerful electrical charge，it can be destructive and deadly.5_ is difficult to know exactly h

23、ow many people die of lightningrelated causes.European 6._(researcher)have estimated that between 6，000 and 24，000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year.The strikes can also cause power outages，destroy property，damage electrical equipment and start forest fires.For this reason，climate s

24、cientists have long sought to develop methods 7._(predict)and control lightning.But，so far no system 8._(create)to effectively predict or stop lightning.The system tested in the experiments uses a 9._(combine)of data from weather stations and machine learning methods.The researchers developed a pred

25、iction model 10._ was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。科学家声称他们已经研究出一种能够预测闪电的系统。1解析：既然是预测，那自然是将要发生的闪电，因此用一般将来时。答案：will strike2解析：根据句中的predict可知，预测闪电应该是在闪电发生之前，因此这里用before引导时间状语从句。答案：before3解析：one of后面通常跟“形容词最高级名词复数”，因此填oldest。答案：oldest4解析：该空修饰po

26、werful，因此填extreme的副词形式。答案：extremely5解析：分析句子结构可知，本句应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。答案：It6解析：根据空格后的have estimated可知，该空填名词的复数形式。答案：researchers7解析：此处需填动词不定式来表示目的。答案：to predict8解析：时间状语so far暗示本句应该用现在完成时；根据语境可知，这里还要用被动语态。答案：has been created9解析：根据空格前的a可知，该空填combine的名词形式。答案：combination10解析：that/which was trained

27、 to recognize weather conditions为定语从句，修饰先行词a prediction model。答案：that/whichTest 5A painting with a 1._(long)of 1，014.37 meters has received a Guinness World Record title for the longest drawing by an individual artist.The record was announced at the Simatai Great Wall on Saturday，September 14th，2019

28、，2._ is surrounded by the verdant(翠绿的)mountains of an early autumn，and the painter unfolded the painting with great care 3._ the presence of many viewers. 4._ took artist Guo Feng two months to complete the blackandwhite painting named Yongsheng in Chinese，meaning living forever.Clearly 5._(inspire)

29、by the view of the Great Wall from the sky，he wanted to call for peace and harmony in the world.In fact，Guo Feng is 6._ (familiar)to the public as a music producer than as a painter.And one of his songs，Let the World Be Filled with Love，has enjoyed great popularity all over the country for 7._ (deca

30、de) The painting is made up of 10 subthemes，and was created 8._(large)using marker pens.“I 9._(draw)for more than 10 hours a day over the past months and sometimes I began working at 4 am，” said Guo.“Creating the work on the Great Wall was an unprecedentedly(空前地)lonely and quiet time for me 10._(loo

31、k)into my past，today and the future，” he added.语篇解读跨界音乐人郭峰创作的长1 014.37米的画作永生获得了一项“单人创作的最长的画作”吉尼斯世界纪录称号。1解析：考查词性转换。此处表示一幅长达1 014.37米的画作，根据空前的a和空后的of可知，此处应用名词，a length of.“长达”，所以填length。答案：length2解析：考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语，修饰前面的先行词the Simatai Great Wall，应用关系代词which来引导该从句。答案：which3解析：

32、考查固定用法。此处表示当着许多观看者的面，in the presence of sb.意为“在某人面前，当着某人的面”，为固定用法。答案：in4解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，该句真正的主语为to complete the.meaning living forever，空处作形式主语，所以填It。答案：It5解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构和根据空后的by可知，inspire和其逻辑主语he为动宾关系，所以填inspired。答案：inspired6解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的than并结合语境可知，空处含有比较的含义，应用形容词的比较级，所以填more familiar。答案：

33、more familiar7解析：考查名词的单复数。此处表示“数十年来，他的歌曲让世界充满爱享誉全国”，for decades为习惯用法，表示“数十年来”。答案：decades8解析：考查词性转换。修饰空后的动词using，需要用副词，所以填largely。答案：largely9解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的for more than 10 hours a day over the past months可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时刻，强调动作在完成过程中的持续性、重复性。所以填have been drawing。答案：have been dr

34、awing10解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式to look作定语。答案：to lookTest 6A group of scientists trained dogs to use their sense of smell to detect a crop disease called citrus greening.Citrus greening is caused by bacteria 1._ are spread by a tiny insect.The insect feeds 2._ the leaves and stems of some trees.

35、Once a tree 3._(infect)，there is no cure.The disease has affected orange，lemon and grapefruit trees in America.Using dogs is also 4._(fast)，less costly and more exact than having people collect hundreds of leaves for lab analysis.In one experiment involving grapefruit trees in Texas，5._(train)dogs w

36、ere correct 95 percent of the time in telling the 6._(different)between newly infected trees and healthy ones.7._ earlier you detect a disease，the better chance you have of stopping an epidemic(流行病)by 8._(remove)infected trees.Laura Sims，a plant scientist with Louisiana Tech University，praised the s

37、teps taken 9._(find)out if the dogs were detecting the bacteria themselves or a plants reaction to an infection.To do that，the researchers 10._(purpose)infected different kinds of unrelated plants with the bacteria in a laboratory.The dogs were still able to pick out the infected plants.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文

38、。科学研究表明，狗狗可以帮助人们发现一些植物的传染病。1解析：that/which are spread by a tiny insect为定语从句，修饰先行词bacteria。答案：that/which2解析：feed on.是固定搭配，表示“以为食”。答案：on3解析：此处说的是树被感染，故使用被动语态；根据语境可知，此处说的是一般性的情况，故用一般现在时。答案：is infected4解析：根据空格后面的less costly and more exact及than可知，该空填fast的比较级。答案：faster5解析：此处指的是被训练过的狗，故填train的过去分词形式。答案：trai

39、ned6解析：根据空格前的the可知，此处填different的名词形式。答案：difference7解析：此处考查“the比较级，the比较级”结构，表示“越就越”。答案：The8解析：根据空格前的介词by可知，该空填remove的v.ing形式。答案：removing9解析：此处考查动词不定式短语作目的状语。答案：to find10解析：该空修饰谓语动词，故填purpose的副词形式。答案：purposelyTest 7Today，many people are worried about endangered species.But isnt it just normal for som

40、e animals to die out?The situation today is different from 1._ of the past.In the past，animals died out over a long period of time.When animals died out in the past，it was usually because of the weather or other 2._(nature)causes. What is happening today is 3._(total)different.We are killing million

41、s of species in a short time.The result is that we are killing our future，because so many species 4._ (kill)in such a short time that even 5._ fittest cant survive.In fact，there wont be enough species to choose from.Without enough animals and plants，evolution cannot function and nature will get 6._(

42、bad)instead of getting better. Many of the species 7._(disappear)on earth are unknown and few people even know that they are dying out.These animals and plants started to live on earth long 8._ us and we have no right to kill them.We may also need these species in the future.We must try to keep the

43、endangered species alive.If we allow these species 9._(die)out，we are in fact becoming endangered 10._(our)语篇解读如今，很多物种在很短的时间内就被杀害，这与过去的情形完全不同。很多物种对自然和人类都至关重要，我们不能任由它们灭绝。1解析：考查代词。分析该句结构可知，空处作介词from的宾语，该句表示“如今的情形和过去的不同”，空处指代该句中的the situation，故用that。答案：that2解析：考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词causes，故用所给词的形容词形式。该句

44、意为：在过去，动物灭绝通常是因为天气或其他自然的原因。答案：natural3解析：考查词性转换。副词修饰形容词，空处修饰形容词different，故用所给词的副词形式。答案：totally4解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。该从句的主语是so many species，谓语动词应用复数形式，和动词kill是动宾关系，应用被动语态，又结合语境可知，此处叙述的为客观存在的情况或此刻正在进行的动作，表示“如此多的物种(正在)被杀死”，故用一般现在时的被动语态或现在进行时的被动语态，故填are(being)killed。答案：are(being)killed5解析：考查冠词。根据空后的形容词的最高

45、级形式fittest可知，此处应用定冠词the。该句意为：结果是我们正在扼杀我们的未来，因为如此多的物种在如此短的时间内(正在)被杀死，即使是最健康的物种也无法生存。答案：the6解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的比较级形式better并结合语境可知，此处表示没有足够的动物和植物，进化就无法进行，大自然会变得更糟而不是更好。故填worse，表示“更糟”。答案：worse7解析：考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，此处为分词短语作定语，修饰前面的名词species，且该名词和动词disappear之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用所给词的现在分词形式。答案：disappearing8解析：考查介词。

46、根据该句中的“we have no right to kill them”和语境可知，这些动植物要比人类早很久就开始在地球上生活。故填before“在以前”。答案：before9解析：考查固定用法。allow sb./sth.to do sth.为固定用法，表示“允许某人/某物做某事”。答案：to die10解析：考查反身代词。根据该句主语we并结合语境可知，此处表示如果我们任由这些物种灭绝，我们自己实际上也正濒临灭绝。故用反身代词ourselves。答案：ourselvesTest 8We humans spend about onethird of our lives asleep.Thi

47、s may sound like a lot of time，1._ it is not wasted.Sleep not only helps us stay 2._(health)，but also helps our brains remember.Our brains need good sleep 3._(remember)what we do and learn when we are awake.Researchers at the University of WisconsinMadison have found that sleep helps improve brain p

48、erformance by 4._(shrink)synapses(突触)in the brain.A synapse is the area 5._ cells pass messages to other cells.Scientist Chiara Cirelli，a leading investigator at the schools Center for Sleep and Consciousness，6._(tell)the reporter that sleep is when the human brain mixes information it has learned w

49、hile awake into its general collection of knowledge.Meanwhile，the brain forgets unimportant details.This forgetting is important.It makes space 7._ new learning and new memories.Many research specialists worked for years to photograph，rebuild and study certain 8._(area)of a mouse brain.Cirelli said

50、they found that our synapses shrink as our brains clean 9._(them)during sleep.We wake up 10._(refresh)and ready to fill those synapses with new information.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。睡眠时，我们的大脑将清醒时获得的信息与它所收集的一般知识混合起来。因此，我们的大脑需要好的睡眠才能记住我们醒着的时候所学的东西。1解析：空格前后表示转折关系，故填but。答案：but2解析：stay在此表示“维持某状态”，故该空填health的形容词形式。答案：

51、healthy3解析：此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语。答案：to remember4解析：空格前为介词by，故该空填shrink的v.ing形式。答案：shrinking5解析：where cells pass messages to other cells 为定语从句，修饰先行词the area。答案：where6解析：根据语境可知，Chiara Cirelli说话的时间发生在过去，故此处用tell的一般过去时。答案：told7解析：make space for.为固定搭配，表示“为让出空间”。答案：for8解析：area在此处为可数名词，根据空格前的certain可知，此处填area的复数形式。答案：areas9解析：此处指大脑在我们睡眠时进行自我清理，故填themselves。答案：themselves10解析：此处是过去分词短语作状语。refreshed表示“清爽的，恢复精神的”。答案：refreshed