2021高考英语译林版（湘苏）新素养备考大一轮讲义：BOOK 1 UNIT 1 WORD版含答案.docx

1、.读句品词阅读下列句子，写出加黑单词的词性及汉语意思1Youre all doing a splendid job；keep up the good work！adj.极佳的，非常好的2For one thing，I am fluent in spoken English.I have no difficulty communicating with them.(2018浙江)adj.流利的3I know what were doing is legal，but somehow it doesnt feel right.adv.不知为什么；不知怎么地4In the light of later

2、 events the decision was proved right.n.(重要)事件其他意义：n.社交活动；比赛项目5Jim is a tenyearold boy，and his parents run a hotel near the Gulf of Montenegro.v.经营；管理其他意义：v.参加赛跑；迅速赶往；运转.语境填词背一背1enjoyable adj.有乐趣的；令人愉快的2experience n& vt.经历，体验3earn vt.获得；赚，挣得4average adj.一般的，普通的；平均的5struggle vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎 n难事；斗争；努力6exc

3、hange n& vt.交换；交流7charge vt.使承担责任；收费 n负责，掌管8host n主持人；主人，东道主练一练从左栏中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空1The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to check our claims，and to judge our actions.2The wounded soldier struggled to his feet and continued walking along with difficulty.3Statistics show that the

4、 average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays.(2017江苏)4There are many things that a hobby can give you，apart from an enjoyable time.5Secondly，my family has so far hosted five foreign students，so Im experienced in communicating with foreigners.拓展提升背一背1resp

5、ect n& vt.尊敬，敬重respectable adj.值得尊重的respectful adj.恭敬的；有礼貌的2challenging adj.具有挑战性的challenge n& v挑战；质疑3encouragement n鼓励encourage v鼓励courage n勇气4satisfaction n满意satisfy v使满意satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的satisfied adj.满意的5graduation n毕业graduate v毕业 n(大学)毕业生6donate vt.捐赠donation n捐赠物；捐款；捐赠donor n捐赠者

6、7inform vt.通知，告知information n信息informed adj.有学问的；有见识的8preparation n准备，筹备prepare v把准备好，筹备prepared adj.有准备的练一练用所给单词的正确形式填空1He challenged me to a game of tennis，but I thought it was a challenging game for me.(challenge)2He is a respected teacher worthy of the respect of all students in our county.(resp

7、ect)3To our teachers satisfaction，nearly all the students got full marks in the test，which also satisfied our parents.(satisfy)4He kept us informed of the fact that personal information security is particularly important.(inform)5He encourages us to study hard and make great contributions to our cou

8、ntry，which is an encouragement to us.(encourage)6Several days later，when the video was played on the graduation(graduate) ceremony，it was well received.(2017北京).选词填空背一背1devote.to.把用于/致力于2on average平均3for free免费4look back (on)回忆，回顾5become used to习惯于6in exchange for交换7make use of利用8approve of 赞同，同意9in

9、 charge of负责，掌管10inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事练一练从左栏中选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空1I am out on business trips twice each month on average and one third of a year I am away from home.2What a woman really wants is to be able to be in charge of her own life.3I saw that Mr Fairfax approved of my correct behaviour，an

10、d I knew that he respected me for it.4She made use of her spare time to volunteer in a nursing home.5The children became used to their healthy diet and lost their taste for junk food.6Ive offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a weeks accommodation.仿写运用背一背1Going to a British high school for on

11、e year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。2We also had different students in some classes，so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。3I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I use

12、d to get in my old school.我发现这里布置的家庭作业不像我以前在原来的学校时那么繁重。4Whether students want to exercise or just want some fun，they can use our gym.不管学生是想锻炼身体还是仅仅为了娱乐，他们都可以使用我们的体育馆。5Upon finishing his studies，he started travelling in China.学习一结束，他就开始游历中国。练一练用左栏中的句式结构完成下列句子1As we all know，going to bed early and get

13、ting up early is a good habit.(动名词短语作主语)众所周知， 早睡早起是个好习惯。2Each Tang poem is attached to a story，so its easier for you to understand them.(it作形式主语)(2017全国)每首唐诗都与一个故事相关，因此对你来说理解它们比较容易。3I hope my resume is as formal as required because it will be delivered to an international company.(as.as)我希望我的简历和要求的一

14、样正规，因为它要被寄送到一家国际公司。4Whether he succeeds or fails，we shall do our part to help him.(whether.or.)不管他成败与否，我们都应尽自己的一份力量去帮助他。5Upon/On arriving，we handed out all the gifts to the children，then we patiently taught them to sing songs.(upon/on doing)我们一到达，就把所有的礼物分发给孩子们，然后耐心地教他们唱歌。1“.able”形容词(1)enjoyenjoyable

15、(2)reasonreasonable(3)valuevaluable (4)comfortcomfortable(5)changechangeable2“动词ing”名词(1)cookcooking(2)paintpainting(3)belongbelonging(4)suffersuffering(5)buildbuilding 3“通常”有这几个短语(1)as a rule通常；一般说来(2)in general通常；一般而言(3)generally speaking一般地说(4)on (an/the) average一般地4“v.sb.ofsth.”短语集锦(1)inform sb.

16、of sth.通知某人某事(2)remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事(3)rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物(4)accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事(5)warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事 experience n经验；经历v体验；经历(1)by/from experience凭经验have experience in doing.有做的经验(2)experienced adj.有经验的be experienced at/in擅长单句语法填空(1)He is an experienced(experience) teacher and he has much

17、 experience in teaching.(2)He is very experienced in/at looking after animals.(3)She found from/by experience that it was better to trust nobody.链接高考(4)回到家后，我和父母分享了我的经历。他们为我感到非常骄傲。(2019北京，书面表达)When I came back home，I shared my experiences with my parents.And they were very proud of me.用法点拨experience

18、表示抽象意义的“经验”“体验”时，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“经历”“感受”时，是可数名词。 respect vt.尊重；尊敬n尊重；尊敬；问候；方面(1)have/show respect for尊敬；尊重；重视in every respect/in all respects在各方面out of respect出于尊敬(2)respect sb.for sth.因某事而尊重某人(3)respectful adj.表示敬意的；尊敬的respectable adj.可敬的；体面的单句语法填空(1)Not only can doctors save peoples lives，but also

19、they are doing a respectable(respect) job.(2)The children in our family are always respectful(respect) to their elders.(3)We should show our respect for our parents and do what we can to help them.完成句子(4)He went to law school out of respect for his fathers wishes.他出于尊重父亲的愿望而去了法学院。(5)Her performance

20、was brilliant in every respect/in all respects，so she was praised by her parents.她的表现在各方面都很出色，因此她受到父母的表扬。熟词生义 (6)Please give my respects to your parents. B A方面 B问候 C细节用法点拨respect作“问候；敬意”讲时，常用复数形式。 devote vt.献身；致力于；专心致志于；把用于(1)devote.to (doing)把用在/献给(做)某事上devote oneself to献身于；致力于(2)devoted adj.挚爱的；忠实

21、的，忠诚的be devoted to (doing) sth.献身于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事(3)devotion n奉献；关爱；忠诚单句语法填空(1)Most children long for and need a loving，devoted(devote) and responsible father.(2)Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we be devoted to building(build) a harmonious society.(3)Her devotion(devote)

22、 to the job left her with very little free time. 句式升级(4)He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.Devoting himself to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)Devoted to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用过去分

23、词短语作状语改写) average adj.(无比较级)平均的；平常的；普通的n平均；平均数；一般水平；平均标准v平均为；计算出的平均数写出下列句子中average的词性及汉语意思(1)Temperatures are above average for the time of year.n.平均水平(2)Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour.v.平均为(3)The age of the candidates ranged from 29 to 49 with an average age of 37.a

24、dj.平均的(4)The average American has not even thought about next years election.adj.普通的an average of平均有(后跟数词)the average of.的平均数up to the average达到平均水平on (an/the) average平均；一般地above/below (the) average在平均水平以上/以下单句语法填空(5)An average of 10 students were(be) absent each day last term.(6)The average of dail

25、y high temperatures in Washington in January is(be) zero degrees centigrade.完成句子(7)On average，happy people have stronger immune systems，and there is evidence that they live longer.一般来说，快乐的人有更强的免疫系统，而且有证据表明他们活得更久。(8)With the help of the teacher，Marys physics is now well up to the average.在老师的帮助下，玛丽的物

26、理成绩已达到平均水平。用法点拨“an average of复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the average of复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。 struggle vi.& n.斗争；拼搏；努力struggle to do.努力做；挣扎着做struggle against/with同作斗争；与抗争struggle with.for.为争取而与作斗争struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来单句语法填空(1)Because a college community differs from the family，many students will struggle to

27、find(find) a sense of belonging.(2)In order to live，we have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties.(3)They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals. encouragement n鼓励；激励；起激励作用的事物(1)encourage v鼓励；激励；促进encourage sb. to do.鼓励某人做(2)encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的encouraged adj.

28、受到鼓励的(3)discourage v使灰心；使泄气discourage sb. from doing.阻止某人做单句语法填空(1)Encouraged(encourage) by the advances in technology，many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.(2)It was encouraging(encourage) that he recognized the dangers the company faced.(3)What you have said is a great encouragement to

29、 me.句型转换(4)He doesnt encourage me to take risks in the wild alone.He discourages me from taking risks in the wild alone. exchange n交换；互换；交流；兑换v调换；交换；交流；兑换(1)exchange A for B拿A换Bexchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物(2)in exchange (for) 作为(对的)交换exchange student交换生make an exchange交换单句语法填空(1)You can exchange you

30、r currency for dollars in the hotel.(2)I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.(3)At the end of the game，players traditionally exchange shirts(shirt) with each other.(4)When he is interested in others books instead of his own，he tries to make an exchange.一句多译(5)他用一个苹果换了我一块蛋糕。He gave

31、 me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.(exchange n)He exchanged an apple with me for a piece of cake.(exchange v)用法点拨(1)若交换的对象为可数名词，通常要用复数形式：exchange seats交换座位。(2)exchange A for B，用A换B，其中A是被更换的东西，B是要换来的东西。 inform vt.告知；通知；了解；熟悉(1)inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事inform sb.that.通知某人(2)informed adj.

32、消息灵通的；见多识广的keep sb.informed of/about.通知某人关于；使某人知道单句语法填空(1)On March 19，Dennis got a group text informing(inform) him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital，waiting for the arrival of a baby.(2018全国)(2)He has been informed(inform) that he doesnt qualify for the scholarship because of his aca

33、demic background.(2017江苏)(3)The boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed(inform) of the programmes progress.句式升级(4)He informed the company of the ships safe arrival.(改为复合句)He informed the company that the ship had arrived safely.链接高考(5)我想告知你一些详细的信息，以便你为此做好充分的准备。(2019全国，书面表达)Id like to info

34、rm you of some detailed information so that you can make full preparations for it.用法点拨inform后不接双宾语，也不用于inform sth.to sb.。要表示“告诉某人某事”，通常用inform sb.of/about sth.。inform的宾语通常只能是人，所以当后接从句时，其前的sb.不能省略。 charge v收费；控告；充电；使承担责任n费用；控告；主管，掌管；充电(1)charge sb.with (doing) sth.accuse sb.of(doing) sth.指控某人犯罪charge

35、 sb.money for sth.因某物/事收某人钱(2)free of charge(for free)免费(3)in charge of掌管(表状态)in the charge of被掌管；由负责take charge of掌管(表动作)单句语法填空(1)How much did he charge you for repairing this pair of shoes?(2)Its hard to make a decision who would be the proper person in charge of the factory.(3)Two women have been

36、 charged with kidnapping a newborn baby.句型转换(4)The woman taking charge of the company was charged with gambling.The woman in charge of the company was accused of gambling.(5)If I were in charge of a school I would also be very strict with the students who dont behave well.If a school were in the cha

37、rge of me I would also be very strict with the students who dont behave well.联想发散类似in charge of，in the charge of的短语： preparation n.准备；筹备；准备工作(1)in preparation (for)在准备()中make preparations for为做准备(2)prepare v准备；使准备好；配制(食物、药品)prepare for sth.为某事做准备prepare sb.for sth.使某人为某事做好准备prepare to do sth.准备做某事(3

38、)prepared adj.做好准备的be/get prepared for为做好准备be prepared to do sth.愿意做某事单句语法填空(1)I prepare to graduate(graduate) from Sanford HCalhoun High School in Merrick.(2)This dish is good for dinner parties because much of the preparation(prepare) can be done ahead of time.完成句子(3)Schools should do more to prep

39、are students for the world of work.学校应该做出更多努力让学生做好走入职场的准备。(4)There was no news and we were/got prepared for the worst.由于没有任何消息，我们做好了最坏的打算。一句多译(5)为备战滑冰锦标赛，他每天都在练习。He is practising every day，preparing for/making preparations for the iceskating championship.He is practising every day in preparation for

40、 the iceskating championship.用法点拨prepare和prepare for的区别：prepare sth.get sth.ready，指准备好某事；而prepare for sth.make preparations for sth.为某事做准备。 look back (on) 回忆，回顾look down on/upon看不起look into调查；研究；观察；向里面看look through浏览；仔细查看；审核look up向上看；查阅look up to尊敬，敬仰look forward to盼望；期待(to为介词)look at注视；看待用look短语的正

41、确形式填空(1)He was looking through a magazine as he was waiting for the train.(2)Children should look up to their parents.(3)Old people enjoy looking back on the past while the young enjoy looking forward to the future.(4)The cause of the crash is being looked into now.(5)He had never looked down on/upo

42、n Mr Harding on account of his poverty. become used to习惯于be/get used to (doing).习惯于(做)be used to do.被用来做used to do.过去常常做单句语法填空(1)Human beings are used to living(live) in the day light.(2)The wood can be used to make(make) desks and chairs.(3)They used to work more than ten hours a day，usednt/didnt t

43、hey? 句式升级(4)He was used to the life in the desert and he refused to leave.(改为简单句)Used to the life in the desert，he refused to leave. make use of利用；使用(1)make full/good use of充分/好好利用make little use of 很少利用make the best/most of充分利用(2)come into use开始使用bring/put.to use加以使用be of (no) use有(无)用It/There is n

44、o use doing.做没用。单句语法填空(1)Your time should be made full use of to exercise(exercise)(2)His success lies in the use that/which he can make of every chance to improve himself.(3)My mother always told us it is no use crying(cry) over spilt milk.(4)China has led other developing countries and even some d

45、eveloped ones in this field since the first highspeed train came into use in 2008.句型转换(5)This old machine is useless；well try to get rid of it.This old machine is of no use；well try to get rid of it.链接高考(6)我们班想出了更好地利用旧材料的主意。我们把破旧的衣服、纸板和空塑料瓶带到教室，把它们变成玩具娃娃、手提包、纸巾盒和小花瓶。(2016北京，书面表达)Our class came up wi

46、th the idea to make better use of used materials.We brought to our classroom wornout clothes，pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles，and turned those into dolls，handbags，tissue boxes and small vases.用法点拨在对make use of进行考查时，常把名词use提前使用被动语态；或把名词提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句，如上面第(2)题所示。 动名词短语作主语Going to a Briti

47、sh high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。(1)动名词(短语)作主语通常表示习惯性、泛指、经常性、不具体的动作，而不定式作主语则表示一次性、特指、未来、具体的动作。动名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。(2)当use，good，pity，time，fun，nice，worth等作表语时，常用it作形式主语，把作主语的动名词后置。其他情况下，当将动名词移至句尾时，通常改为不定式。(3)动名词的复合结构作主语时，其逻辑主语必须

48、是形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。单句语法填空(1)Being exposed(expose) to the sunlight too long is harmful to your skin.(2)Its no use arguing(argue) with him over this matter.(3)His(he) coming home late worries his mother.(4)Playing computer games is(be) a waste of time.一句多译(5)他的爱好之一是集邮。Collecting stamps is one of his hobb

49、ies.It is one of his hobbies to collect stamps. as.as.引导比较状语从句I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school.我发现这里布置的家庭作业不像我以前在原来的学校时那么繁重。as.as.像一样；正如(1)结构特点：第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级；第二个as为连词，引导状语从句；也可是介词，其后加名词或代词。(2)表达倍数关系时则为：倍数as.as.。(3)当as.as.中间有名词时，应采用如下形式：asadj.a/

50、ann.as或asadj.n.(复数或不可数)as。完成句子(1)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working with students.航海的乐趣与我现在和学生一起上课的乐趣一样多。(2)Mary devoted as much time as she could to caring for the elderly.玛丽投入尽可能多的时间来照顾老人。(3)She has as sweet a voice as her mother.她的声音像她妈妈的一样甜美。句型转换(4)Our neighbors garden is as

51、big as ours.Our neighbor has a garden as big as ours.Our neighbor has as big a garden as ours. whether.or.Whether students want to exercise or just want some fun，they can use our gym.不管学生是想锻炼身体还是仅仅为了娱乐，他们都可以使用我们的体育馆。whether.or.作“无论还是”讲，引导让步状语从句；除此之外，还可作“是还是”讲，引导名词性从句。完成句子(1)Whether you believe it or

52、 not，its true.不论你是否相信，这都是真的。(2)Whether they do it or not matters little to us.他们是否做这件事，对我们关系不大。句型转换(3)Whether he will apply for the job is unknown.It is unknown whether he will apply for the job.(it作形式主语) Upon/On doing.Upon finishing his studies，he started travelling in China.学习一结束，他就开始游历中国。(1)upon/

53、onn./doing sth.表示“一就”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。(2)表示“一就”的还有：the moment/instant/minute从句immediately/instantly/directly/once从句hardly/scarcely.when.no sooner.than.(3)在hardly/scarcely.when.和no sooner.than.中，主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。当hardly，scarcely，no sooner放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。一句多译一到火车站他就发现火车刚刚开动。(1)As soon as he ar

54、rived at the station，he found the train had just started.(2)On/Upon arriving at the station，he found the train had just started.(3)On/Upon his arrival at the station，he found the train had just started.(4)No sooner had he arrived at the station than he found the train had just started.(5)The moment/

55、instant/minute he arrived at the station，he found the train had just started.单句语法填空1We are permitted to see the film for free.2Devoted(devote) to teaching the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own children.3The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to strugg

56、le to be heard(hear)4We show respect for people by using different gestures.5Knowing(know) basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.6Its very kind of you to keep me well informed(inform) of whats going on there.7A survey of over 74,000 people found 35 percent slept less

57、 than seven hours daily on average.8Its too hard for me to persuade(persuade) her to come with us tomorrow.9I like to look back on my highschool days，which were the happiest time in my life.10After my graduation(graduate)，Dads business was getting back on track.11I shall go，whether you come with me

58、or stay at home.12The experienced(experience) mountain climber gained a lot of experience from his adventure.句式升级/句型转换/一句多译1As soon as we receive the order，we will deliver the goods to you.On/Upon receiving the order，we will deliver the goods to you.2Staying up so late is of no use if you dont devot

59、e yourself to your study.(用it作形式主语改写)It is of no use staying up so late if you dont devote yourself to your study.3看起来他似乎没有训练足球运动员的经验。It seems as if he has no experience in training football players.(experience)It seems as if he isnt experienced in training football players.(experienced)It seems as

60、if he is inexperienced in training football players.(inexperienced)I was very happy 1.with the school hours in Britain.On the first day，all of the new students attended 2.an assembly.During it，we 3.were told(tell) by the headmaster that the best way to earn respect was 4.to work(work) hard and achie

61、ve high grades.In our class there were 28 students,5.which is about the average size for British schools.I found the homework was not heavy, but it was a bit 6.challenging(challenge) for me at first because all the homework was in English.My English 7.improved(improve) a lot as I used English every day and I also had an extra French class on Tuesday evenings.British food is very 8.different(differ) from Chinese food.They eat lots of dessert 9.after their main meal.I was very 10.lucky(luck) to experience this different way of life.