2021_2022学年新教材高中英语课时素养评价十七Unit6NurturingnatureDevelopingideas含解析外研版选择性必修第一册202106082177.doc

1、十八Unit 6Developing ideas. 单词拼写1. We went from London to Washington via(经过) New York. 2. He made several favorable comments about their candidate(候选人). 3. Huawei mobile phone is easy to operate, which can run several applications(应用程序) at the same time. 4. Opportunity favors(偏爱; 青睐) those with a curi

2、ous mind. 5. Several centuries ago, people realized that advertisement(广告) could help to sell goods. 6. Wilson has had countless pleasant and often humorous negotiations(negotiate) with the students he transported to and from school. 7. All this delicate living is not for me; I prefer(宁愿) the simple

3、 life. 8. As an applicant, you will be asked what your highest education qualification(资历; 学历) is. 9. But unfortunately from his waist (腰部) down, he had no motor ability. 10. They are not made of genuine (真的)leather, which give off bad smell. . 选词填空become aware of; be home to; a number of; up and do

4、wn; if necessary; make up; in favor of; find out; team up with; in addition1. The operator is very much in favor of workers proposal on the conference. 2. He just desires a steady life, so he prefers not to team up with any other fellows. 3. Dont disturb him now, who must find out the truth of this

5、incident. 4. Head teacher told us that we would go to the grassland by taking his car if necessary. 5. The boy made up a story that his waist was bitten by a snake, which made us frightened. 6. I am looking up and down for my wallet which was lost when I enjoyed the scenery. 7. It is certain that on

6、e day in the future you will become aware of all your mistakes. 8. The Tibetan mountain areas are home to antelope and other rare animals. 9. In addition, the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws. 10. Although our “act” would last only for a short time, we could see

7、quite a number of interesting things. 阅读理解A(2021青岛高二检测)“It cant be done. ” Boyan Slat heard this over and over when he first proposed a way to clean up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans. Slat, who grew up in the city of Delft in the Netherlands, was on a diving trip in Greece three ye

8、ars ago when he was deeply impressed by plastic. “There were more plastic bags than fish, ” he says. “That moment I realized it was a huge issue and that environmental issues are really the biggest problems my generation will face. ”That fall, Slat, then 17, decided to study plastic pollution as par

9、t of a high school project. Soon, Slat learned that no one had yet come up with practical way to clean up this massive garbage patches. Most proposed solutions involved “fishing” up the plastic using ships equipped with netswhich, as Slat discovered, would likely take more than 1, 000 years, cost to

10、o much, let off too much sea life along with the trash. Slat proposed an alternative that mostly avoided these problems: a solar-powered system using a floating plastic tube which will go around the garbage and trap it is 600 meters long. Wind, waves and ocean currents will push the trash toward the

11、 tube. A ship will pick up the trash and take it back to the shore. Best of all, Slat predicted his system could clean up the North Pacific Garbage Patch within 5 to 10 years. The following, Slat entered the aerospace engineering program at the Delft University of Technology and officially announced

12、 his ocean cleanup concept at TEDxDelft. But nothing much moved forward. Slat organized a team of volunteers and employees for The Ocean Cleanup, which now numbers about 100. In answer to opposition, Slat and his team raised $100, 000 from a crowd funding campaign and began testing a 40-meter collec

13、ting barrier near the Azores Islands last March. Over the next three to four years, Slat will push toward a fully operational large-scale project by testing a series of longer and longer barriers. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Slat发现海洋中的塑料垃圾污染日益严重之后, 想出了一种利用风、浪和洋流清理海洋中塑料垃圾的方法, 人人都说他的方法不可行, 但他仍然坚持梦想并付诸实践。1. W

14、hat inspired the boy to study plastic pollution? A. One of his high school projects. B. Others opposition to his proposal. C. Humans failure in cleaning up the ocean. D. The shockingly heavy plastic pollution in ocean. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据There were more plastic bags. . . a high school project. 可知Slat研究塑

15、料污染是因为他看到了海洋里有大量的垃圾, 有的地方塑料袋甚至比鱼都多, 即严重的海洋塑料污染。D项The shockingly heavy plastic pollution in ocean. (海洋里令人震惊的塑料污染)符合以上说法。2. What can we say about Slats design? A. It is powerful but only used in California and Hawaii. B. It is huge but causes great damage to sea lives. C. It makes full use of natural

16、forces and is friendly to nature. D. It was welcomed by all the public and worked very well. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段的Slat proposed an alternative . . . take it back to the shore. 可知利用风、浪和洋流将垃圾冲进管道是很环保的方法。C项 It makes full use of natural forces and is friendly to nature. (它充分利用了自然的力量, 而且是环保的)符合以上说法。3. What

17、 does the author mainly do in this article? A. Explain a strange idea. B. Introduce a fascinating person. C. Describe a social phenomenon. D. Praise a point of view. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章的几乎每个段落都提到了Slat, 故推测作者写这篇文章的目的是给读者介绍这个人。B(2021太原高二检测)How to Let Go of the World and Love All the Things Climate Cant Ch

18、ange is the latest movie from filmmaker and climate activist Josh Fox. The movie is the third film in a three-part series about climate change. In 2010, Foxs documentary Gasland explored the hotly debated process of removing natural gas from the ground. He examined the subject again in Gasland . Fox

19、 was against traditional fossil fuels(矿物燃料) and in support of renewable energy. In his third film, Fox says pollution from fossil fuels must be reduced. Without limits, there will be more extreme weather, like dry weather, rising sea levels and lack of food and water. “When you really meet that head

20、-on, it causes unbelievable danger. ”Fox notes there are things that climate cannot change. “Those are our value structure and that is what the film starts to explain. We start to really emphasize the things that are insidecourage, love, generosity and creativity. I think those are the centers of wh

21、at we talk about when we talk about a response to climate change. ”In the new film, Fox travels through a sunless forest in the Amazon with local activists to measure oil spills. He goes to a village in Ecuador to learn how people there stopped a pipeline from being built. He joins young people in A

22、ustralia to stop ships from entering the port of Newcastle. “You should probably know the negative part of what were about to do. This is the short list: drowning, arrest, being run over by boats, being carried away in water into the Pacific Ocean, cultural disrespect and big waves. ”Also in the fil

23、m, Fox talks to Ella Zhou, an energy expert. She explained the importance of what she calls“moral(道德) imagination”. “I think that it forces us to get out of our box of thinking about, for example, what is being successful. It allows us to have a moral value about what we want as a person. What do we

24、 want to do for the world and for ourselves? ”【文章大意】本文是夹叙夹议文。气候活动家Josh Fox采用拍摄关于气候变化的系列电影的方式, 让人们了解极端天气的危害, 呼吁人们为避免极端天气做点什么。4. What does the underlined word “that” refer to? A. The extreme weather. B. The lack of food and water. C. The pollution from fossil fuels. D. The support for renewable energy

25、. 【解析】选A。代词指代题。根据第二段“Without limits, . . . meet that head-on, it causes unbelievable danger(如果没有限制, 就会有更多的极端天气, 比如干燥的天气, 海平面上升, 缺乏食物和水。 当你真的遇到那个时, 它会带来难以置信的危险)”可知, that指代前面提到的各种极端天气。5. What did Fox start to explain in his third film? A. The centers of our value structure. B. The correct response to

26、climate change. C. The terrible effects climate change causes. D. The process of removing natural gas from the ground. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段“Those are our value structure. . . a response to climate change”可知, 在第三部电影中, Fox阐述的是我们的价值结构。当我们谈到如何应对气候变化时, 要强调内在的东西, 如勇气、爱、慷慨和创造力等。因此Fox在这部电影中谈论的是如何正确应对气候变化。6. W

27、hy did Fox make a short list? A. To call on people to join him. B. To express his love for adventure. C. To prove that filming is a difficult career. D. To stress the difficulties they met as climate activists. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第五段“You should probably know the negative part of what were about to do” 可

28、知, Fox列出的清单都是他描绘的, 在拍摄电影的过程中, 作为气候活动家所经历的艰难。7. According to Ella, which of the following is TRUE about moral imagination? A. It tells us the way to success. B. It makes us creative in thinking. C. It encourages us to realize our dreams. D. It helps us find the true meaning of life. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后

29、一段Ella所说的话“it forces us to get out of our box. . . a person. What do we want to do for the world and for ourselves? (这种道德想象力会让我们跳出只考虑成功的框框, 而让我们从道德价值角度考虑, 作为人我们需要什么, 我们想为这个世界、想为自己做点什么? )”可知, Ella强调道德想象力的重要性, 它可以帮助我们找到生活的真正意义。. 完形填空(2021青岛高二检测)At my daughters recent graduation, a speaker kept repeati

30、ng, “You can do anything with a degree in philosophy. ” To that, I thought you can do anything with the right 1. I didnt have a 2 job until I was 27. When I was hired, I was basically 3. My car had broken down. I was living with two other people and sleeping on a couch. My family and friends thought

31、 I was going 4. I didnt feel that way though. I wasnt doing well 5. Sure, friends of mine got married and bought houses. But neither of those choices 6 me. Taking the road 7 traveled is part of being an entrepreneur (创业者). I wanted to 8 my dream, which was to work with my hands and be creative. I wa

32、nted to be my own boss. At the time, I was 9 toy animals and selling them at street fairs. It wasnt easy, but I stayed true to myself. I was 10 and hardworking. I know those were the qualities that led me to get 11 at my first job. So dont give up hope. One Sunday, I read an article about a toy comp

33、any called Worlds of Wonder. I knew I could make a better teddy bear than the one they were 12, although I had designed just a few cuddly toys for another company. The next day, I visited the companys offices in person and told them they needed me. To my surprise, they 13 to interview me. Because th

34、ey could tell I was enthusiastic. Many of us dont 14 new things because were sure we dont have the skills. But from my experience, its far more 15 to have the right attitude. Almost everything can be taught. Are you a ready and willing student? 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者坚持自己的创业梦, 最终通过努力获得自己喜欢的工作的经历, 告诉我

35、们只要有正确的态度就可以做成任何事情。1. A. directionB. attitudeC. wayD. knowledge【解析】选B。句意: 至于那点, 我认为有正确的态度你可以做任何事情。根据下文的But from my experience, its far more _to have the right attitude. 可知此处用“态度”符合语境。 2. A. full-timeB. specialC. creativeD. surprising【解析】选A。句意: 直到27岁我才有全职工作。根据下文的When I was hired可推测作者找到了全职工作, full-tim

36、e全职的, 故选A项。3. A. blessingB. annoyingC. starvingD. satisfying【解析】选C。句意: 被雇用时, 我几乎处于饥寒交迫的状态。根据下文的I was living with two other people and sleeping on a couch. 可判断当时作者处于饥寒交迫的状态。blessing祝福; annoying令人生气的; starving饥饿的; satisfying令人满意的。故选C项。4. A. forwardB. nowhereC. anywhereD. somewhere【解析】选B。句意: 家人和朋友都认为我会

37、一事无成。结合句意可知, 此处考查短语go nowhere“一事无成”, 故选B项。5. A. physicallyB. spirituallyC. mentallyD. financially【解析】选D。句意: 我在经济上做得不好。根据上文的I was living with two other people and sleeping on a couch. 可推测作者的经济状况不好。 physically身体上地; spiritually精神上地; mentally精神上地; financially经济上地。故选D项。6. A. upsetB. disappointedC. envied

38、D. excited【解析】选D。句意: 但那些选择都不能让我兴奋。 根据下文的I wanted to be my own boss. 可知作者想创业, 故推测那时结婚和买房都不是她所想要的, 都不能让她兴奋。upset使沮丧; disappointed使失望; envied嫉妒; excited使兴奋。故选D项。7. A. oftenB. nearly C. lessD. easily【解析】选C。句意: 选择一条更少人走的路是创业者的一部分。结合上下文可知, 此处是指作者的选择和大多数人不一样, 即她选择了一条少有人走的路, 故选C项。8. A. followB. changeC. get

39、D. earn【解析】选A。句意: 我想跟随我的梦想, 那就是用我的双手有创造性地工作。结合上下文可知, 此处是指即使周围的朋友都结婚和买房, 但作者依然想跟随自己的梦想创业。 follow跟随, 故选A项。9. A. copyingB. makingC. buyingD. learning【解析】选B。句意: 那时, 我在制作动物玩具, 然后拿到街边小集市售卖。根据上文的which was to work with my hands可知此处用“制作”符合语境, 故选B项。10. A. enthusiasticB. healthyC. friendlyD. intelligent【解析】选A。

40、句意: 我充满热情并且努力工作。结合上下文可知, 此处是指作者对自己当时做的事情充满热情, 因为是通过他的双手和创造性制作的, 且下文的Because they could tell I was enthusiastic. 也有暗示。healthy健康的; friendly友好的; intelligent智慧的。enthusiastic是原词复现, 故选A项。11. A. hiredB. lostC. warnedD. supported【解析】选A。句意: 我知道那些是我被第一份工作雇用的品质。根据前文的When I was hired可知此处用“雇用”符合语境, hire雇用; 是原词复现

41、, 故选A项。12. A. improvingB. researchingC. designingD. marketing【解析】选D。句意: 我知道我可以制作一个比他们正在促销的更好的泰迪熊, 尽管我已经给另一家公司设计了一些可爱的玩具。结合上下文可知, 此处是指作者看到了该公司促销的泰迪熊, 觉得她自己可以制作更好的。 improving改善; researching研究; designing设计; marketing促销。故选D项。13. A. deniedB. agreedC. refusedD. invited【解析】选B。句意: 让我吃惊的是, 他们同意面试我。根据下文的Becau

42、se they could tell I was enthusiastic. 可推测该公司同意面试作者, 故选B项。14. A. give awayB. take onC. put upD. let down【解析】选B。句意: 我们很多人都不愿意承担新东西, 因为我们确定我们没有那个本领。 结合上文内容可知, 作者承担了为一家公司设计泰迪熊的工作, 故此处用“承担”符合语境。give away赠送; take on承担; put up举起; let down使失望。故选B项。15. A. funnyB. readyC. importantD. successful【解析】选C。句意: 但从我

43、的经历来看, 最重要的是有正确的态度。根据上文的To that, I thought you can do anything with the right _. 可推测作者认为有正确的态度是重要的, 故选C项。. 阅读填句(2021资阳高二检测)How to Be Eco-friendlyIf youd love to be more eco-friendly but dont know where to begin, start with a few small changes. 1Lowering your energy. Turn off lights and unplug power

44、strips (电源插板) that youre not using. 2 Since some devices can still use energy even when theyre turned off, turn off these power strips at night to completely cut off energy use. If you need to leave your computer, or TV on, try setting it to sleep mode instead of simply leaving it on. Using public t

45、ransportation. 3 Keeping cars off the road in rush hours can also improve the air quality. If you do need to drive somewhere, ask friends if theyd like to carpool (拼车), so fewer cars are on the road. 4Say no to unnecessary plastic straws, lids, and bags and stop using plastic wrap and plastic contai

46、ners for food storage. Instead, you can use reusable water bottles made of sustainable material like glass, bamboo, and ceramic. Considering growing a plant. They add more oxygen to the air, which means a less polluted air. If you dont have a green thumb, choose some plants that are rather easy to l

47、ook after. 5 If possible, grow more than one plant. A. Reduce your gas consumption and carbon emissions by walking, biking, or taking the bus. B. Here are some suggestions for you to live an eco-friendly life. C. Use less energy during the hot summer months and cold winter season. D. This is an easy

48、 way to reduce energy use. E. Using items more than once. F. Cutting Back on Plastic and Waste. G. “Lucky Bamboo” is especially good for that, since it demands nearly no attention. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了保护环境的一些方法, 如降低能源, 随手断电; 使用公共交通, 减少塑料和废物; 种植植物等。1. 【解析】选B。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本文采用了总分结构, 第一段为总起段, 因此最后一句

49、需起到总起作用, 引出下文介绍的环保的一些做法, B. Here are some suggestions for you to live an eco-friendly life. “这里有一些建议, 可以让你过上环保生活。”符合语境, 故选B。2. 【解析】选D。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Turn off lights and unplug power strips that youre not using. ”随手关闭不使用的灯和电源插板, D. This is an easy way to reduce energy use. “这是减少能源消耗的简单方法。”符合语境

50、, 故选D。3. 【解析】选A。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。第三段的主旨大意是使用公共交通。A. Reduce your gas consumption and carbon emissions by walking, biking, or taking the bus. “通过步行、骑自行车或乘坐公交车, 可以减少尾气和碳排放。”符合第三段的大意, 故选A。4. 【解析】选F。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Say no to unnecessary plastic straws, lids, and bags and stop using plastic wrap and plastic containers for food storage”要拒绝不必要的塑料吸管、盖子、塑料袋, 而且不要使用塑料袋来储存食物。F项提到减少塑料和废物, 符合第四段内容。故选F。5. 【解析】选G。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“choose some plants that are rather easy to look after”在种植植物方面, 可以养一种容易照顾的植物。G项中提到的Lucky bamboo就是一个特别好的选择, 因为它几乎不需要怎么照顾就可以成长。由此可判断G项是对前文中的进一步解释, 符合文意, 故选G。