高一外研版英语必修4同步课件 MODULE 5 A TRIP ALONG THE THREE GORGES 第2课时 READING.ppt

1、1goods n.货物；美德Theres large varieties of goods in the shops.商店内有品种繁多的货物。That boy has the goods.那个孩子具有美德。注意：英语中有些复数名词可表示特定意义。works工厂；woods森林；ashes灰烬；means方法；manners礼貌；games运动会1)只有复数形式，作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。The goods are of good quality.这些商品质量好。2)可以与these,those,all,a lot of,many等词连用，但不与数词连用。these/all/a lot of

2、goods 这些/所有/许多货物two/three pieces of goods 两/三件货物即学即用There is a large variety of consumer_in the shops.AgoodsBgoodCtrade Dpossessions答案：A2trade n.贸易；买卖；商业；交易Trade between the two countries has increased.两国之间的贸易增多了。Trade with other countries is important.与其他国家进行贸易很重要。v.做买卖；做生意，从事贸易Our products are now

3、 traded worldwide.我们的产品在销往世界各地。知识拓展1)trade sth.with sb.与某人交换某物trade in 做生意trade.for sth.以旧换新；以交换；以换取She traded her posters for his CD.她以海报换取他的光盘。If you dont like your book,Ill trade with you.如果你不喜欢你的书，我和你交换。2)trader n.商人；商船tradeable adj.可交换的trade mark 商标trading n.贸易；营业高考直击(2008山东)I bought a dress fo

4、r only 10 dollars in a sale;it was a real_.Aexchange BbargainCtrade Dbusiness解析：本题主要考查名词的用法。“我买了条裙子只花了10元钱，真是太便宜了”。(Its)a real bargain.“真便宜”为口语中惯用语。exchange“交换/易”；trade“交易/贸易/买卖”；business“生意”均不合题意。答案：B即学即用Where is your pencilbox,Tom?Ive_it for this kite.Aafforded BcollectedCpicked Dtraded答案：D3narrow

5、 adj.1)狭窄的；窄小的There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall.床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。2)勉强的；刚刚好的He lost the race by the narrowest of margin.他因极小的差距在赛跑中落败。3)狭隘的；目光短浅的She has a very narrow view of the world.她对世界的认识是非常狭益的。v.使窄小；变窄；缩小We need to narrow the health divide between the rich and the poor.我们需要缩小穷

6、人和富人的健康差距。知识拓展1)narrow down 减少；限制；缩小；变窄narrow.to.把局限在之内2)narrowminded adj.气量小的；狭隘的narrowish adj.有些狭窄的narrowly adv.狭窄地；勉强地；好容易(才)高考直击(2007天津)The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were only_beaten.Anearly BslightlyCnarrowly Dlightly解析：句意为“篮球比赛最后的比分是93比94。我们险些被打败”。A项为“几乎”；B项为“稍微地”；C项为“勉强地

7、；险些”；D项为“轻微地；轻度地”。答案：C即学即用The river_only about 5 metres at this point.Ais narrow to Bnarrows byCis narrow by Dnarrows to答案：D4construction n.建造；建筑；建筑物The new railway is still under construction.新铁路仍在建设中。知识拓展1)同根词：constructor n.建筑者；建造者2)construction表示“建造；建筑”时是不可数名词；表示“建筑物”时是可数名词。即学即用The building_condu

8、structionis for the students.Ain BonCunder Dat答案：C5distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的The airport was about 20 kilometers distant.机场大约二十公里远。知识拓展1)distance n.距离；间距distantly adv.遥远地2)in/into the distance 在远处；在远方in the not too distant future 在不久的将来at/from a distance 从远处keep sb.at a distance 对冷淡；与保持距离即学即用单项填空(1)The

9、 sound of waterfall can be heard_of two miles.(2)It was difficult to get to know her because she always_everyone_.(3)I have only seen the building_.(4)The picture looks better_.(5)A ship could be seen_.答案：(1)from a distance of(2)keep;at a distance(3)in the distance(4)at a distance5)in the distance6e

10、xploit vt.开采；利用(相当于develop)；剥削A mine is exploited for its minerals.开采矿是为了取得矿物。We should exploit the natural resources by our own efforts.我们应该凭借自己的力量来开采自然资源。即学即用He_a small coal mine secretly by making the workers work twenty hours a day.Aexploded BexploitedCexplored Dexported答案：B1go on a trip 去访问/旅游o

11、n加名词，可放在be动词之后(或go,come等之后)，表示“在从事中”；“处于情况中”；“去/来做某事(表目的)”。He is not here.He is on leave.他不在，他在休假。知识拓展on ones arrival 某人一到达on hearing the news 一听到这消息have nothing on 没有活动安排/没穿衣服be on a visit/trip to.在访问/旅游be on fire/sale/show/strike/holiday/leave 在着火/销售/展览/罢工/度假/休假set out on ones journey to 开始去某地的旅程即

12、学即用On_the news,he burst out crying.Ahear Bto hearChearing Dheard答案：C2at least 至少It will take you at least 20 minutes to get there.到那里你至少要花20分钟。知识拓展1)反义短语：at most 至多2)at least根据语境的不同，主要有以下几种意义：I think you should at least consider his offer.我认为无论如何你都应该考虑他的建议。The film wasnt interesting,but at least it

13、filled the time.电影没有多少意思，但至少打发了时间。Mary was depressed all evening.Or at least it seemed that way.玛丽整晚情绪都很低，至少看起来如此。3)not in the least(not at all)一点也不You are not disturbing me in the least.你一点也没打扰我。高考直击(2008全国)The house still needed a lot of work,but_the kitchen was finished.Ainstead BaltogetherCat on

14、ce Dat least解 析：考 查 副 词 与 介 词 短 语。instead“相 反”；altogether“总共；一起”；at once“立刻；马上”；al least“至少；起码”。句意为“房子仍需大量的工作，但起码厨房是完工了。”答案：D即学即用(2009东 北 三 校 模 拟)Try this cake.It tastes delicious.Well,_it is no worse than the one I cooked yesterday.Aat least Bnot less thanCat most Dnot more than答案：A3go through1)经历；

15、经受；大多指痛苦的事情。He would go through fire and water for his country.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。2)仔细检查；审查They went through our luggage at the customs.海关人员仔细地检查了我们的行李。3)浏览；翻阅We spent several days going through all related reference materials.我们花了好几天的时间查了相关的参考资料。4)通过；穿过；其宾语常常是立体的东西。Can the table go through the door?这张桌子能过得了

16、那扇门吗？5)完成；做完Ive gone through all the envelopes I bought last week.我已用完了上周买的所有信封。6)花完；用掉How long will it take you to go through the book?看完这本书你得用多长时间？知识拓展go after 追赶；追求(职位、奖赏等)go by 走过(某处)；(时间)过去；流逝go ahead 前进；请说(做)吧go along 向前进；一起去(with sb.)go on 继续go against 背叛；违背；违反go out 外出；(火，灯)熄灭go away 走开；拿走；带

17、走(with sth.)go over 越过；温习go back 回来；追溯到(to)go up 登(爬)上；(价格、气温等)上升go in for 爱好；从事go all out 全力以赴高考直击(2009四川)May I open the window to let in some fresh air?_.ACome on!BTake care!CGo ahead!DHold on!解析：考查交际用语。Come on“加油；加把劲”；take care“当心；小心”；go ahead“去吧！(或，说吧！)”；hold on“坚持”。由第一句话“我可以开窗让新鲜空气进来吗？”可知，这是表请求

18、，所以回答go ahead，意思是“去吧！”。答案：C即学即用I dont_rock“n”roll.Its much too noisy for my taste.Ago afterBgo away withCgo into Dgo in for答案：D4be heavy with 有大量的When spring comes,the pear woods are heavy with blossom.春天到了，梨园鲜花满枝头。反义词：light 轻的知识拓展与heavy相关的短语：heavy rain/snow 雨/雪很大heavy smoker/drinker 大量抽烟/喝酒的人heavy

19、sleep/sleeper 睡得很香/睡得很沉的人heavy breathing 沉重的呼吸heavyhearted 心情沉重的；悲伤的即学即用The room is_with warm when all the people are cheering.AfullBheavyCbusyDpleased答案：B1He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college.他和一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。本句使用了be to do sth.表示“按照

20、计划或根据安排将要进行某个动作”。We are to meet at the school gate.我们约定在校门口见面。不定式用完成式，则表示“未曾实现的计划”，可译为“本来打算”。We were to have told you,but you were not in.我们本来想告诉你的，但是你不在家。知识拓展be to do的其他用法：1)表示可能性、必要、责任、义务、禁止等。You are to make the necessary changes.你要做出必要的改变。Her necklace was not to be found.她的项链找不到了。You arent to go

21、out today.你今天不准出去。2)“注定”，表示将来不可避免要发生的事。As a young man he didnt know that he was to become famous later on.年轻时，他不知道后来会出名。3)be to blame表示“该受责备，对某事应负责任”，这种结构用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。Which driver is to blame for the accident?这个事故是哪个司机的责任？辨析：表示“将来时态”的几种形式的区别1)will/shall表示单纯的将来(即现在之后),will还可以表示“决心”“意愿”；shall用来第一、三

22、人称的问句中，还可以表示征求对方的意见。He will be back in a few days.他过几天就会回来。If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go climbing.如果明天不下雨，我们就去爬山。2)“be going to动词原形”多用于口语，强调事先“打算，计划要做的事情或有某种迹象要发生的事情”。What are you going to do this evening?今天晚上你要做什么？3)be about to do则表示“即将发生的动作或动作刚要开始”，该结构不与表时间的副词或其他时间状语连用，但可以用在“be about to do

23、 when.”结构中，表达“刚要，这时”。The English party was about to begin when the lights went out.英语晚会刚要开始，这时灯灭了。4)be doing表示现在进行时。现在进行时表示即将发生的事情，多与表示位移的动词(come,go,arrive,leave,fly,start等)连用。She is leaving for Beijing.她就要启程去北京。5)一般现在时表示将来时，主要用于时间状语从句或条件状语从句中；或者用来表示按时刻表的规定将要发生的动作。Ill tell him about it as soon as I

24、see him.我一见到他就告诉他这件事。高考直击(1)(2010全 国 卷，32)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.Ais made Bwould makeCwas to be made Dhad made解析：句意：在澳洲发现了金矿，使得成千上万的人们相信他们将会发财。此题考查时态和语态。由句意可知，宾语从句表示的是从过去某时来看将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时态，且宾语从句的谓语动词与从句主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故C项正确。答案：C(2)(2010全 国 卷，7)Tom

25、 was about to close the window_his attention was caught by a bird.Awhen BifCand Dtill解析：句意：汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只小鸟吸引住了。考查“be about to do.when.”这一结构，表示“正要干突然发生”。答案：A即学即用He is the only one of the students who_American next month.Aare to visit Bis to visitCis about to visit Dwill be to visit答案：B2 They are

26、 mainly for goods and people trading along the river.这些船主要乘载货物和沿河做生意的人。trading along the river现在分词短语作定语修饰people。现在分词作定语，如果是单个词则放在被修饰词的前面；如果是短语，则常放在被修饰词的后面。The girl standing there is my sister.站在那边的那个女孩是我妹妹。The rising sun looks very beautiful.冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。高考直击(2010浙 江 卷，20)The traffic rule says young

27、 children under the age of four and_less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.Abeing weighed Bto weighCweighed Dweighing解析：句意：交通规则规定不满四岁不到40镑的儿童必须坐儿童安全座位。此处为定语，与所修饰的名词children之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。weigh为不及物动词，意为“有重量；称起来”。答案：D3That sounded fine to me.对我来说，那听起来不错。sound“听起来”，用作连系动词，后常接形容词、名词、like介词

28、短语。类似的短语还有：feel,look,smell,taste。The food tastes good.这食物尝起来不错。高考直击(2008浙江)Shall we go out for dinner tonight?_.AYou are right BIt must be funnyCThat sounds great DHave a nice time解析：考查交际用语。由第一句话可知，这是提出一个建议；C项是对对方提议的肯定和赞成。答案：C即学即用The meldon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted_if it had bee

29、n put in the fridge for a little while.Agood BbetterCbest Dwell答案：B4The sun shining brightly as we sailed downstream through a hilly region.当我们顺流而下穿过山区的时候，阳光灿烂极了。1)was shining brightly是过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态。过去的时间可用时间状语表示，也可由上下文暗示。He was watching TV when I came in.我进来时他在看电视。What were you doing

30、this time yesterday?昨天这个时候你在做什么？I was writing a letter.我在写一封信。2)as在这儿引导时间状语从句，表示“当的时候”。As he grew older he became less active.随着年龄的增长，他变得越来越不活泼了。高考直击(1)(2010全国卷，21)Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?No,I _ my homework all day yesterday.Awas doing Bwould doChad done Ddo解析：句意：简爱一书你读完了吗？没有。我昨天一直在做作业。在

31、过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作应用过去进行时态表示。答案：A(2)(2010湖 南 卷，31)I walked slowly through the market,where people _ all kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.Asell Bwere sellingChad sold Dhave sold解析：句意：我慢慢地走过市场，人们在那里卖各种水果和蔬菜。我仔细研究了一下价格，买了我需要的东西。因为人们正在市场上卖东西，且整个句子都用

32、了过去时态，故B项正确。答案：B即学即用_time went on,our teachers words proved true.AAsBWhileCWithDWhen答案：A5 On a distant mountain was a sign in 20foot characters.远山上写着20英尺大的汉字。本句中由于地点状语放在了句首，且主语是名词a sign，所以使用了完全倒装。1)Out rushed the boy when I entered.当我进来的时候，那男孩冲出去了。2)From the valley came a frightening sound.山谷里传来了可怕的

33、声音。知识拓展谓语动词前置的完全倒装结构1)当句首为out,in,up,down,away,off,here,there,now,then等表示方向的副词时，如果句中的主语为名词，句子要采用完全倒装形式，即将句中的谓语动词调至主语之前。(注意：在这一结构中，不可将助动词调至主语前)Be quick!Here comes the bus.快点！车过来了。2)当句首为表示地点的介词短语时，如果句子的主语为名词，句子要采用完全倒装形式，即将句中的谓语动词调至主语之前。(注意：在这一结构中，不可将助动词调至主语前)On the top of the hill stands a temple.山顶上坐落

34、着一座庙。注意：以上这两种句式，如果句子的主语为代词，主谓语序则不倒装。Down he went.他下来了。高考直击(1)(2010江苏卷，33)Is everyone here?Not yet.Look，there_the rest of our guests!Acome BcomesCis coming Dare coming解析：句意：都来了吗？还没呢。看，剩下的客人来了。本句采用了倒装语序，主语是the rest of the guests，故谓语动词用复数形式。答案：A(2)(2010陕西卷，17)John opened the door.There_he had never see

35、n before.Aa girl did stand Ba girl stoodCdid a girl stand Dstood a girl解析：当副词there,here 位于句首时，若句子主语是名词而非人称代词时，句子要用完全倒装结构，即把整个谓语放在主语前；此句中he had never seen before 是定语从句修饰a girl.答案：D(3)(2010重 庆 卷，33)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_，one of the ten largest cities in China.

36、Alies ChongqingBChongqing liesCdoes lie Chongqing Ddoes Chongqing lie解析：句意：在扬子江与嘉陵江的汇合处，坐落着中国最大的十大城市之一的重庆。本题考查倒装句。由于本句的结构是地点状语提前，常用倒装句，排除B；而根据语境，是说明地理现状的，故属于一般现在时态，而表达这些静止性状态的动词谓语常常是直接提前，构成倒装，而不需要添加助动词，故只有A最合适。答案：A(4)(2009福 建)For a moment nothing happened.Then_all shouting together.Avoices had come Bcame voicesCvoices would come Ddid voices come解析：考查特殊句式。副词then位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句，选B。答案：B即学即用On the wall_two large portraits.AhangsBhangChangedDhanging答案：B