高中英语复习北师大版《动词的时态和语态》 课件 (共20张PPT).ppt

1、教学目标1.了解动词时态语态的主要考点.2.熟悉高考常考语态的构成和时间状语.3.掌握各种时态的基本用法.用动词短语clean ones room来翻译下列句子。1小明每天打扫自己的房间。2小明昨天打扫了他的房间。3小明在打扫他的房间。4小明昨天这个时候在打扫他房间。5小明明天要打扫他的房间6小明说他一会要打扫他的房间。7小明已经打扫完了他的房间。8小明在今天下午之前就打扫好了他的房间。用行为动词do为例，写出英语中八大基本时态的谓语结构形式一般现在时一般过去时一般进行时过去进行时一般将来时will/shall+do过去将来时would/should+do现在完成时have/has+done过

2、去完成时had+donedo/doesdidam/is/are+doingwas/were+doing 动词的时态：英语时态以动词形式变化表示句中谈到的动作、状态的时间。类时间一般进行完成完成进行现在doam/is/are +doinghave/has +donehave/has +been doing过去didwere/was +doinghad donehad been+doing将来will/shall+dowill/shall be +doingwill/shall have+donewill/shall have been+doing过去将来would/should+dowould/

3、should be+doingwould/should have+donewould/should have been+doing 动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重，书面表达中的时态语态不用说，全国卷具体在语法填空和改错题中考察。做题思路有两种：一，是直接找到标志性时间状语，根据其作出选择；二，没有任何时间状语，需要借助于上下文语境，才能作出正确判断。一般现在时的用法1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。every,sometimes,often,usually,on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every

4、 morning.He is alone.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例如.Our teacher said light travels faster than sound.3)表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。4)表现在的状态、能力、性格、个性。I dont want so much.Ann writesgood English but does not speakwell.2.考查一般现在时的替代用法：

5、（1）在以when,before,等引导的时间状语从句,以if,等引导的条件状语从句和让步状语从句中,如果主句中的动词用一般将来时,从句中的动词通常用一般现在时或现在完成时代替一般将来时。Ill participate in the game if it doesnt rain.Ill let him know as soon as he comes.The more he studies hard,the more progress he will make.有时为了强调动作的完成，有些动词也可用现在完成时 Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.

6、2)根据时刻表的安排将要发生的事件，日程一般不可变更,常用的动词有：arrive,leave,open,start,begin,stop等。The trains arrives at 18:40.The shop opens at 8 a.m and closesat 11.pm.3)以 here 或 there 开头的句子，说明正在发生的动作，谓语动词不用现在进行时，而用一般现在时。Get it ready.Here comes a bus.His name be Jack.He be twentyyears old.He be Chinese.He live in Beijing.He l

7、ove English.He read English every day.Hisfavorite sports be tennis and swimming.He play tennis all the time.His father be a doctor and his mother be a teacher.He be interested in English.His parents want him to be an English teacher when he graduate.一般过去时的用法1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday,la

8、st week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982I stayed up last night,for I had a lot of homework to do.Where did you go just now?2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child,I often playedfootball in the street.3）有时过去的时间隐含在情景里 I hardly recognized you,Marry.I didnt know you were coming.I didnt notice it.I f

9、orgot to tell you that I had been with my brother before.4)用于代替过去完成时:由于after,before,until等连接已说明了复合句中两个动词所表示动作的先后,可以用一般过去时代替.例如：After he(had)finished reading the newspaper,he handed it to me.I didnt understand the problem until he(had)explained it.5)用在一些句型里：It is time you went to bed.I wish I were a bird.Id rather you cametomorrow.比较：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Mrs.Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.Mrs.Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)(含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)