2021年八年级英语上册 知识点总结素材 人教新目标版 (2).doc

1、英语八年级上册知识点总结【篇一】英语八年级上册知识点总结一、 v+ do1. Let sb do sth 让某人做某事Let sb not do sth 让某人不做某事2.why not do sth = why dont you do sth 做什么怎么样 为什么不做？Why not put on a raincoat， its raining outside. 外面在下雨，为什么不穿个雨衣呢？3. Make sb do sth 使某人做某事I will do my best to make my dream come true. 我会尽我所能去使我的梦想实现。Make sb + adj 使

2、某人.The story makes us happy。二、v+ doing1. practice doing sth 练习做某事 our English teacher told us to practice speaking Englishevery day。英语老师叫我们每天练习说英语。2. finish doing sth 完成做某事 my mum asks me to finishing cleaning up my room beforeshe come from work。 妈妈要求我在她下班回来之前打扫干净我的房间。3. Enjoy doing sth 享受做某事The boy

3、s are enjoying playing basketball 孩子们正在操场上享受打篮球。 4. stand doing sth 忍受做某事她不能忍受欺骗他人5. mind doing sth 介意做某事？ 你介意开门吗？6. keep doing sth. 继续做某事She will keep fighting in this new semester. 在新学期，她将继续努力奋斗7. miss 想念 I miss you very muchMiss sth 错过.he got up late this morning，so he missed the busMiss doing st

4、h 错过做某事。He missed having the class，because he got up late。 8. Sb spend time with sb 与某人共度时间I spend the weekend with my grandparents。Sb spend （time/ money） 某人在某事花费时间，金钱Sb spend （time/money）（in）doing sth 某人花费时间、金钱做某事 （人作主语）I spent two hours （in）reading the novel last night.It takes sb （time/ money） 某事

5、花费某人多少时间，金钱 （it 作主语）It took me two hours to read the novel last night。Sb pay sth money= pay money for sth 为.付多少钱。 （人作主语）I paid ten dollars for that bookSth cost sb money 某物花费某人多少钱 （物作主语）That book cost me ten dollars。9.succeed in doing sth 成功做某事He succeeds in giving up the smoking 他成功地戒了烟。10. play a

6、role in doing sth 发挥作用，有影响computers play a role in peoples life 计算机在人们的生活中发挥作用。11. Have fun （in）doing sth 玩得高兴They had fun playing basketball. 他们打篮球玩得很高兴。12. be good at doing/ sth 擅长 she is very good at dancing。 他擅长跳舞13. be talented in doing sth/ sth 在某方面有天赋she is talented in drawing。 她在画画方面有天赋三、v+

7、to do1. its a good/ great way to do sth 做.的好方法.He likes joining some activities because its a good way to make friends 他喜欢参加一些活动，因为这是交朋友的好方式。The best way to do sth 做某事的方式I think the best way to learn English is through English。学英语的方式就是朗读。2. Its ones first time to do sth 第一次做某事Its my first time to sp

8、eak English with foreigners. 这是我第一次和外国人说英语。3. want to do sth = would like to do sth 想做某事4. decide to do sth 决定做某事He decides to have a travel in this winter vacation. 他决定在这个寒假去旅行。5. be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事She determined to get good grades in this final examination. 她下定决心要在这次的期末考试中取得好成绩。6. Inv

9、ite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事He didnt invite me to have dinner with them 他没有邀请我和他们共进晚餐。Invite sb to a place 邀请某人到某处He wants to invite the girl to his birthday party。 他想邀请那个女孩参加他的生日宴会。7. help sb（to）do sth= help（sb）with sth 帮助某人做某事he helped me with my English。= he helped me to study English.8. order sb to

10、do sth 命令某人做某事the boss ordered him to finish the work before 5 oclock 老板命令他五点之前完成工作9. plan to do sth 计划做某事I plan to have a vacation in this summer 我计划这个暑假去度假10. choose to do sth 选择做某事He chooses to stay at home because of the cold weather. 因为寒冷的天气，他选择呆在家里。11. Do ones best to do sth = try ones best to

11、 do sth 尽某人做大努力做某事I will try my best to make my dream come true.12. Need to do sth 需要做某事She needs to wash her dirty clothes now。 现在她需要去洗她的脏衣服。13. be ready to do sth 准备好做某事 She is ready to go out 她准备好出去了。14. seem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today. 你看起来很高兴seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold

12、 我似乎感冒了。15. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事Her mum tells her to sleep early. 她的妈妈告诉她早睡。Tell sb not to sth 告诉某人不要做某事请告诉她不要去爬树16. expect to do sth 期待做某事她期待下周去香港。17. wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事I wish you to be good. 我希望你好好的。Hope to do sth 希望做某事I hope to have a good job in the future. 我希望将来有一份好工作。18. its + ad

13、j for sb to do sth 做某件事 对某人来说怎么样Its good for you to sleep early. 早睡对你有好处。四、v+ to do/ doing1. try to do sth 尽量做某事， 努力做某事 he tries to finish his homeworkTry not to do sth 尽量不做某事 he tries not to hurt his friends feelings。Try doing sth 尝试做某事。 He tried washing his hair with a new shampoo。2. mean to do st

14、h 有意做某事 I didnt mean to hurt you 我不是有意伤害你的。Mean doing sth 意味着、being good to her doesnt mean loving her 对她好并不意味着爱她。3. start doing sth. 开始做某事= start to do sth （begin）He usually starts cooking at 6 in the evening when his mother is not at home.当他妈妈不在家时，他通常在晚上6点钟就开始做饭。4. 停止做某事 the teacher is coming，lets

15、 stop talking. 停下来做某事 if you are tired, you can stop to rest.【篇二】英语八年级上册知识点总结句子成分和类型1.主语：句子所陈述的对象。2.谓语：主语发出的动作。一般是有动作意义的动词。3.宾语：分为动词宾语和介词宾语，属于动作的承受者。4.系动词：表示状态或状态变化的动词，没有实际的动作意义。如 be， 感官系动词（look， sound， smell， taste 和 feel）、保持类系动词（keep， stay 和 remain）、状态变化类系动词（become、get、turn 和 go）等。5.表语：紧跟系动词后面的成分。

16、6.定语：修饰名词或代词的成分。7.状语： 修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。8.补语：分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。是对宾语和主语的补充说明，与其有主动或被动的逻辑关系。例如：You should keep the room clean and tidy.你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。（You是主语， should keep是谓语，the room是宾语，clean and tidy是宾语补足语。）This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。（This kind of food是主语， tastes是系动词， delicious是表语。）注意：主语

17、、谓语、宾语、系动词、表语、补语是一个句子的主干成分；定语和状语是一个句子的修饰性成分，不是主干成分。9.简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。10.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。11.两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，叫做并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。一般疑问句一、不用疑问词，但需要用yes或no回答的疑问句，叫一般疑问句。句末用问号“？”。一般疑问句的基本用法及结构一般疑问句用于对某一情况提出疑问，通常可用yes和no来回答，读时用升调。其基本结构是“be / have / 助动词+主语+谓语（表语）”：Is he interest

18、ed in going？ 他有兴趣去吗？Have you ever been to Japan？ 你到过日本吗？Does she often have colds？ 她常常感冒吗？Did you ask her which to buy？ 你问没问她该买哪一个？二、陈述句变一般疑问句的方法1.动词be的疑问式：动词be根据不同的时态和人称可以有am， is， are， was， were等不同形式，可用作连系动词（表示“是”、“在”等）和助动词（用于构成进行时态和被动语态等），但不管何种情况，构成疑问式时，一律将动词be的适当形式置于句首：句型：Be动词+主语？Is your father a

19、ngry？你父亲生气了吗？Yes，he is.是的，他生气了。No，he isnt.不，他没生气。Were the babies crying last night？（进行时）昨天晚上这些孩子们一直在哭吗？Yes，they were.是的，他们在哭。No，they werent.不，他们没哭。Is English spoken all over the world？（被动语态）全世界都说英语吗？Yes，it is.是的。No，it isnt.不。2.动词have的疑问式：动词have根据不同的时态和人称可以有have， has， had等形式，可以用作实意动词和助动词，分以下情况讨论：用作实意

20、动词表示状态，如表示拥有、患病或用于have to表示“必须”等，在构成构成式时可以直接将have， has， had置于句首，也可根据情况在句首使用do， does， did：Does he have Has he anything to say？ 他有什么话要说吗？Do you have Have you to leave so soon？ 你必须这么早走吗？Did you have Had you any friends then？ 他当时有朋友吗？用作实意动词表示动作，如表示“吃（=eat）”、“喝（=drink）”、“拿（=take）”、“收到（=receive）”、“度过（=spe

21、nd）”等，构成疑问式时不能将have提前至句首，而应在句首使用do， does， did：Does he have breakfast at home？ 他在家吃早餐吗？Did you have a good time at the party？ 你在晚会上玩得高兴吗？完成时的一般疑问句句型：Have（Has）+主语+动词的过去分词+？Have you known her since your childhood？你从童年就认识她吗？Yes，I have.是的。No，I havent.不。过去完成时的一般疑问句句型：Had +主语+动词的过去分词+？Had he learned about

22、two thousand Englishwords before he came here？他来这里以前就已经学了大约两千个单词了吗？Yes，he had.是的。No，he hadnt.不。3.情态动词的疑问式：情态动词的疑问式通常是将情态动词置于句首：句型：情态动词+主语+动词原形？Can you bring me some apples？你能给我拿来些苹果吗？Yes，I can.是的，可以。No，I cant.不，不可以。Can you speak English？ 你会说英语吗？Must I finish the work at once？ 我必须马上完成工作吗？4.实意动词的疑问式：一

23、般实意动词的疑问式，通常应根据不同时态和人称在句首加助动词do， does， did等：句型：Do（Does，Did）+主语+动词原形？Do you go to school every day？ 你每天都上学吗？Does the boy like dancing？ 这男孩喜欢唱歌吗？Did you see the film last night？ 你昨晚看了这部电影吗？Did he do morning exercises yesterday？昨天他做早操了吗？Yes，he did.是的，他做了。No，he didnt.不，他没做。特殊疑问句用疑问词引导的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句

24、时不能用yes或no。用降调。为了便于理解、掌握特殊疑问句，我们把疑问词分为三类：疑问代词：what，who，Which，whose，whom疑问副词：when，where，why，how疑问形容词：what(which，whose)+名词一、疑问代词的用法1.what引导的疑问句此类疑问句可以对主语、表语和宾语提问。A.对主语提问What is in your pocket?你口袋里有什么?这个问题可以有两种回答：a：There is an egg in it.在口袋里有一个蛋。b：An egg is(in it).一个蛋(在里面)。There are a lot of chairs in

25、it.=A 1ot of chairs are in it.有许多椅子。注意回答此句型的问题时，答句的单复数根据实际情况而定。B.对宾语提问What did you buy?你买了什么?C.对表语提问What is this?这是什么?Its a bench.这是一条长凳。What is your mother?你妈妈是干什么的?2.Who，whom，whose引导的疑问句此类疑问句可以对主语、表语和宾语提问。Who broke the window?(对主语提问)谁打破了窗户?who可以对主语和表语提问。whom是who的宾格，对宾语提问，但在口语中who可以代替whom。Li Ming d

26、id.李明打破的。Who is that woman?(对表语提问)那个女人是谁?She is my mother.她是我妈妈。(关系)或者：She is Rose.她是罗思。(姓名)二、疑问形容词的用法what，which，whose后面跟上名词时，这三个疑问词起形容词作用。What sports do you like?(对宾语提问)你喜欢什么运动?I like basketball.我喜欢篮球。Whose pens are these?(对表语提问)这些是谁的钢笔?They are Li Mings.这些是李明的。Whose father died two years ago?(对主语提

27、问)两年前谁的父亲死了?Which picture did you take?(对宾语提问)哪一张照片是你拍的?I took the one on the right.右边的那一张是我拍的。三、疑问副词的用法句型：疑问副词+一般疑问句的语序?(疑问副词在句中作状语，所以它们不可能对主语提问)when引导的疑问句：询问时间When were you born?你何时出生?(I was born)on June 5，1962.我是1962年6月5日出生的。【篇三】英语八年级上册知识点总结【重点短语】1. have a soccer game 进行一场足球赛2. fall ill 病倒了3. be

28、a little far from 离有点远4. right away = at once 立刻;马上5. miss a good chance 错过一个好机会6. get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分7. shame on sb. 为某人感到羞耻8. do ones best 尽某人的力9. say sorry to sb. 对某人说抱歉10. be sure to do sth. 确定做某事11. be angry with 生某人的气12. with ones help= with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下13. serve food 上菜14. turn up/down 调高/低(音量)15. keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事16. in a minute 一分钟后;马上17. on the phone 在电话中18. take a seat 就坐19. never mind 不要紧20. a lot of traveling 一系列旅行