高考英语语法专项训练：第3讲_代词.ppt

1、高考链接体验代词基本用法梳理要点知识点拨第3讲代词代词代词：为了行文简洁，避免重复，人们常用一部分词来指代上文提到过的名词，名词词组或更高层次的语法结构，这部分词被称作代词。代词高考链接 体验返回目录代词1.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,27)If our parents do everything for us children,we wont learn to depend on _ A.themselves B.them C.us D.ourselves【答案】D【解析】本题考查反身代词，主语为we，因此应为ourselves.depend on oneself:自力更生。根据句意，选D

2、。返回目录代词2.(2010高 考 英 语 浙 江 卷,14)thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.AOne BAll CEverything DAnything【答案】B【解析】考查代词辨析。此处All thats important相当于Whats important，在主句中作主语，表示“重要的是”，所以选B项。返回目录代词3.(2010高考英语四川卷,7)On my desk is a photo that my father took of when I wa

3、s a baby.A.him B.his C.me D.mine【答案】C【解析】考查代词。take a photo of sb意为给某人照相，此处应用人称代词的宾格。正确答案为C。返回目录代词代词基本用法梳理返回目录代词【高考要求】代词是高考英语中一个十分重要的考点。代词考点主要集中在替代词和不定代词的掌握上。其中主要涉及不定代词的用法（约占所有代词考点的90%以上）。另外，代词it(包括it 的非代词用法)也是一个比较重要的考点。其它诸如人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、物主代词、相互代词等，由于用法简单，则相对考的较少；若偶尔考查，也主要涉及其特殊用法或固定搭配。但这些动词在写作中经常用到，

4、所以要注意正确运用。代词1人称代词主格 I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they宾格 me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them2物主代词形容词性 my,your,his,her,its,our,their名词性mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs3 反身代词myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves代词4 指示代词this,that,these,those,such,some5 疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,wh

5、at,whatever,whichever,whoever6 关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as7 不定代词one/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/a few/a little,other/another,all/both,neither/either代词人称代词 Jim told _(we/us/our)to leave _(him/he/his)alone.-Who is knocking at the door?-Its_(I/me/you)I wish to speak to Mary.-T

6、his is_(she/I/her).代词 _classroom is on the second floor.(A.Our,B.We,C.Ours)Please return _books in time.(A.they,B.their,C.theirs)This is not_ book._ is on the desk.A.your,Yours B.yours,Your;C.you;Yours Our room is over _.(A.your B yours C.you)A friend of _ will come to see me.A.me B.I C.my D.mineABA

7、BD反身代词 myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself themselves练习：I can do it.（自己做）She bought a dress.（为她自己）I teach English.He bought a car.代词1.人称代词的主格还是宾格？1)Most of the homework was done by two members of the family,my mother and _.A.I B.mine C.me D.myselfC代词4)Open the door,please.Its _(我).w

8、hat would you do if you were _他.5).It is _(他）who takes good care of me.It is _（我）that he loves most.人称代词单独使用或作表语，用宾格mehimheme代词2.名词性物主代词还是形容词性物主代词？1）Some of the stamps belong to me,while the rest are _.A.him and her B.his and hersC.his and her D.him and hers 2)Our home is finer than _.A.yours or him

9、 B.yous or hisC.you or his D.yours or his BD代词3、表示“两者”的 不定代词1)-There is coffee and tea;you can have _.-Thanks.A.either B.each C.one D.it 2)I invited Joe and Linda to dinner,but _ of them came.A.neither B.either C.both D.none3)We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _.A.non

10、e B.either C.any D.eachAAC4.表示“其它”的不定代词other,others,the other,the others,another,else,the rest1)Shanghai is really a fascinating city and weve decided to stay for _ two weeks.A.another B.other C.the other D.others 2)I have done most of the work.Could you please finish _ in two days?A.the rest B.the

11、other C.another D.the others3)I got the story from Tom and _ people who had worked with him.A.every other B.others C.Other D.other than AAC代词4)First,it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from _.A.everyone else B.the otherC.someone els

12、e D.the rest 5)If this dictionary is not yours,_ can it be?A.what else B.who else C.which elseD.who elses 6)One common family name is Smith;_ is Brown.A.another B.the other C.other one D.an other ADA代词5.复合不定代词 somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,something,anything,nothing,everything1)Alan sold all of

13、his belongings.He hasnt got_ left in the house.A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything2)After a long walk in the fields,I wanted to drink_.A。cold something B.some cold thingsC.something cold D.something to make cold3)Playing tricks on others is _ we should never do.A.anything B.something C.eve

14、rything D.nothingDCB代词4.The man has lived in the small town for 20 years.So he knows _ here.A.somebody B everybody C.nobody D.nobody5.We havent enough books for _;some of you will have to share.A.somebody B.anybody C.everybody D.nobody6.He is _ of a musician.A.anybody B.anyone C.somebody D.something

15、BCD代词The advertisements say 2046 is the most romantic film.But I am sure it wont interest_.A.somebody B.anybody C.everybody D.nobodyC当all,both,each,every(body,thing)等表示整体意义的代词与否定词连用时，一般只表示部分否定。All of the students did not turn up.代词如要表示全部否定，应该用 none,no one,neither,nobody,nothing 等对整体意义有否定作用的代词或副词。No

16、one turn up./None of the students turn up.代词 no one,none 1.How many elephants did you see at the zoo?_.2._ of them have left yet.3._ of this money is mine.4.I want some milk,but there was _ in the house._ told us that he was there.5.Who is still in the office now at twelve oclock?_.None None None no

17、neNo oneNo oneHow many/much.?-None./None ofWho.?-No one.What?-Nothing.6.It的用法1.Your hair looks too long.Have _ cut,will you?2.He made _clear that he would go at once.3.-who is knock at the door?-I have no idea.I just pretended nobody was at home,so I didnt ask who _ was.A.that B.this C.ititit同名同物替代t

18、hat的从句不知道性别，或是婴儿4.I would appreciate _ very much If you could change the plan a bit to make it more workable.5.was in 1979I graduated from the university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when 6.-Where wasyou picked up the wallet-Just near the school gate.A.it B.it that C.the place D.the place

19、that 7.Its no use _(read)without understand.itreading强调句It was.that疑问词+was/is it that1.I like _ in autumn when there are all kinds of fruit available.2._ is no doubt that he is shoplifting.3._ is a possibility it will become very cold tomorrow.4.I find _ impossible to forget all about it.5.Lets make

20、 _a rule for every one of us to keep silent while studying.there or it？itThere There itit7.替代词(the)one,(the)ones,that，those,it1.Mr.Smith gave me a very valuable present,_ that I have never seen.2.Mr.Smith gave me very valuable presents,_ that I have never seen.3.The book on the desk is better than _

21、 under the desk.4.The books on the desk are better than _ _under the desk.3.The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.whichoneonesthe one/thatthose/the onesB1.-Where did the scholarship of this term you had got go,Lucy?-On a computer,_ o

22、n the desk over there.A.it B.this C.one D.the one2.Life in the city is quite different from _ in the country.3.The rules in our school are quite different from _ of yours.A.that B.this C.it D.those.the onethat D要点知识 点拨返回目录代词考点一none，no one，nothing，neither和no1none“没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。none后可接of短语，常用来回

23、答how many/much的问题。They were all tired，but none of them would stop to have a rest.他们都累了，但没有一个愿意停下来休息。(2009年高考上海卷)Wow！Youve got so many clothes!But none of them are in fashion now.How many of you have seen the film?None(of us)2no one表“没有人，谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，后跟单数动词。常可用来回答who引导的问句。Who can answer the question

24、？谁能回答这个问题？No one.没人。(2009年高考全国卷)Charles was alone at home，with no one looking after him.查尔斯独自一个人在家，没有人照顾他。3nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what。4neither指“两个人或物中一个也不，两者都不”，表否定意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。Neither of you is fit for the job.10.(2010高考英语江西卷,27)Swimming is my favorite sport.There is _ like swimming as a means of k

25、eeping fit.A.something B.anythingC.nothing D.everything【答案】C【解析】There is nothing like意即”没有什么能像了”。(2010高考英语天津卷,6)_in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.A.Anything B.Nothing C.Everything D.Something【答案】B【解析】考查代词辨析。A项意为“任何一件事情”；B项意为“没有东西，没有事情”；C项意为“每一件事情”；D项意为“一些事情”。句

26、意为：“在我一生中没有一件事情像我第一次游览故宫那样给我留下如此深刻的印象。”返回目录2.(2010高考英语重庆卷,23)He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found of them again.A.neither B.eitherC.eachD.all【答案】B【解析】考查代词。由his temper and his health表示两者可以排除C、D两个选项，由后面的never表否定，选either，never/not either是全部否定，相当于neither。返回目录As a matter of fa

27、ct，there is no such person as you mentioned.事实上没有你提到的那样的人。1other表示泛指，意为“另外的、其他的”，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用。Would you please make it some other day(another day)?改日做此事好吗？There are other ways to do this experiment.做这个实验还可以用别的方法。考点二other，others，any other，the other，another2others是other的复数形式，表示泛指，意为“别的人或物”，但不指全部。特指时

28、在其前加定冠词；前面可加限定词以及数量词，常构成some.others.。Some students are cleaning the classroom；others are playing on the playground.3any other表示一个之外的其他任何一个，而不是两个之中的另一个。China is larger than any other country in Asia.4the other表示两者中的另外一个。可单独使用，也可接单数名词。No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would gi

29、ve way to the other.因为双方都不愿意屈服，所以讨论中没有达成一致。(2010高考英语上海春季卷,26)It is said that two man-made structures are clearly visible from space.One is the Great Wall of China,andis Japans Kansai International Airport.Aanother BotherC.the other Deither【答案】C【解析】考查代词的用法。两者中的一个用one，两者中的另一个用the other，上句有提示two manmad

30、e structures，所以用onethe other结构。返回目录5another常用于指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个”，泛指单数。可单独使用，也可后接名词。如果其后接复数名词，则表示“又、再、还”。This cap is too small for me.Show me another(one)这帽子太小了，给我看另外一顶。He will stay here for another 3 days(3 more days)他还要在这里呆三天。(2011年黑龙江检测)He paid 30%of the price for the house，and promised to pay _by t

31、he end of the month.Athose Bthe othersCthe rest Dthe other解析：选C。考查指代。从句意“他支付了这座房子价格的30%并且承诺剩下的在月底支付。”可知，the rest表示“剩下的”，常用来指代前面提到的名词，选C项。1it指代前面提到过的同一事物，they为其复数形式。Have you found your pen？No，I havent found it.还没有。(2009年高考四川卷)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front，but I dont have enough m

32、oney to buy it.但是我没有足够的钱去买它。考点三it，one，thatI havent had a computer.I want to buy one next year.2one代替单数可数名词，表示泛指，ones为其复数形式。the one替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，其后往往带定语，the ones为其复数形式。我还没有电脑，明年我想买一台。I like this book better than the one I read last time.比起上次我读的那本书，我更喜欢这一本。These shoes are not good enough.Show me some

33、 better ones.8(2010年青岛市第二次模拟)May I help you?Yes，Id like to try on some sports jackets just like _ Im wearing.Ait BoneCthe one Dthat解析：选C。考查代词。这里one代替上文提到的sports jacket。Im wearing是定语从句，修饰one时，表特指，要加the。【温馨提示】one替代前边的名词，是前边名词的同位语，前边名词若是特指，要用the one；若是泛指则用one。He is a kind student，one who always helps o

34、thers.He is the most excellent student，the one who wins the first prize.他就是那个最优秀的学生，那个赢得一等奖的学生。8.(2010高考英语山东卷,32)Helping others is a habit,_ you can learn even at an early age.A.it B.that C.what D.one【答案】D【解析】考查代词的用法。句意应为“帮助别人是一种习惯，一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。”空格处与前句中的habit构成同位关系，所以选择D项。返回目录3that既可以替代特指的单数可数名词，也

35、可以替代特指的不可数名词，若替代特指的单数可数名词时，相当于the one。The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter.4(2011年济南模拟)His advertisement income this year is about$36 million，over three times_of last year.Athat BwhatCthose Dones解析：选A。考查代词。句意：他今年的广告收入为3600万美元，是去年的三倍多。income是不可数名词，故用that代指7.(2010高考英语陕西

36、卷,12)The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.A.that B.this C.it D.one 【答案】A【解析】考查代词的用法辨析。在西安市中心租一套房子的费用比在该市任何其他地区租一套房子的费用都要高。根据句意可知，空处指代The cost of renting a house，应该用that。返回目录考点四it的用法用作人称代词，指代前文提到过的事物。用来代替指示代词this或that。起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。指时间、距离、天气、环境

37、等。指代整个句子的内容。作形式主语。当动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，通常把它放在谓语之后，而用it作句子的形式主语。Its very cold today.今天很冷。Its twenty miles to the zoo.到公园有20英里路。Look at the baby.Isnt it lovely?看那个小婴儿，它不可爱吗？Who is there？谁在那里？Its only me.我。1指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。2指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。It felt funny watching myself on TV.Its no use arguing with him

38、.It is well known that China has the largest population in the world.3作先行代词代替不定式、v.ing形式、名词性从句，作形式主语或形式宾语。9.(2010高考英语辽宁卷,33)The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that country A.so B.much C.that D.it 【答案】D【解析】考查代词辨析。题干中含有make it difficult for sb to do sth结构。形式宾语it代替后面的

39、动词不定式短语to get a job in that country。返回目录4用作look，seem，appear，happen等词的主语。It seems that he lost his way.他好像迷路了。It happened that she was not at home when I called.我打电话时，碰巧她不在家。5表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词，后面接it，构成固定结构，这类动词有enjoy，prefer，love，like，hate，dislike，appreciate等。I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand.如果你能帮我一把，我会很感激。I cant help it if he is always late.You may depend on it that they will support you.