2020_2021学年高中英语Unit1WomenofachievementWarmingUp.doc

1、Unit 1 Women of achievementWarming Up & Reading. 单句语法填空1. We remembered the inspiring(inspire) talks he gave us last time. 2. Finishing homework alone should give you a sense of achievement(achieve). 3. In order to understand the behaviour(behave) of the animal, the researcher spent many years recor

2、ding its daily activities. 4. I remembered the argument(argue)I had with my sister when we were kids. 5. These sports are not only intended for entertainment(entertain). They are of great value to character training. 6. More connection (connect) to the Internet will help education develop. 7. On New

3、 Years Day the little shop is often crowded(crowd) with children. 8. I am aware that the organization(organize)of the book leaves something to be desired. 9. Marie spent days observing(observe) the young crops in the field. 10. I have children to support (support), money to be earned, and a home to

4、be maintained. . 选词填空lead a. . . life; move off; devote. . . to; fight for; crowd in; communicate with; behave oneself; put. . . to death1. Behave yourself! Otherwise Ill have you put out of my room. 2. They fought for their motherland shoulder to shoulder. 3. Dont crowd in on me. I will see your bo

5、oks one at a time. 4. She gladly gave up her part-time job to devote herself entirely to her art. 5. He worked hard every day and tried to lead a good life. 6. Seeing that we had noticed him, he moved off quickly. 7. Finally the three generals were put to death after the defeat. 8. You should commun

6、icate with your parents more in order to get along well. . 完成句子1. While (I was)walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 当我沿大街行走时, 我碰巧遇到了我的一位老朋友。2. Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments did they succeed in solving the problem. 只是在做了几百次实验之后, 他们才成功地解决了这一问题。3. Once s

7、he makes up her mind, nothing can change it. 她一旦下了决心, 什么也不能使她改变决心。4. His failure to take the final exam means making up for it. 他没有参加期末考试意味着要补考。5. I dont like the way (that/in which) you speak to your mother. 我不喜欢你同你母亲说话的方式。. 阅读理解A(2020临沂高一检测)Elizabeth Garrett Anderson was born on 9 June, 1836, in W

8、hitechapel, East London. She was expected to marry well and live the life of a lady. However, meetings with the feminist(女权主义者) Emily Davies and Elizabeth Blackwell, the first American woman physician, convinced Elizabeth Garrett that she should become a doctor. This was unheard of at that time and

9、her attempts to study at a number of medical schools were refused. She enrolled(入学) as a nursing student at Middlesex Hospital and attended classes for male doctors, but was driven out after complaints from other students. As the Society of Apothecaries did not specifically forbid women from taking

10、its examinations, in 1865 she passed the exams and gained a certificate which enabled her to become a doctor. The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession in this way. In 1866, she set up a clinic for women in London, thanks to her fathers backing; in 1870 she wa

11、s made a visiting physician to the East London Hospital. There she met James Anderson, a successful businessman, who she married in 1871. In 1872, Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London, staffed entirely by women. She appointed her spiritual guide, Elizabeth Blackwell, as a professor

12、there. Andersons efforts paved the way for other women, and in 1876 an act was passed permitting women to enter the medical professions. In 1883, Anderson was appointed to manage the London School of Medicine for Women, which she had helped to found in 1874. It was the first medical school in Britai

13、n to train women as doctors. Anderson, Britains first female doctor, retired in 1902. Six years later, she became the mayor(市长) of Aldeburgh, the first female mayor in England. Anderson died on 17 December, 1917. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 介绍了英国第一位女医生伊丽莎白加勒特安德森的生平和她的成就。安德森是英国第一位女医生, 也是英国第一位女市长。1. Why did the S

14、ociety change its rules?A. To provide certificates for women. B. To forbid women to take its exams. C. To offer programs to train women doctors. D. To encourage women to attend medical schools. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession i

15、n this way. ”可知, 该协会随后改变了规则, 以防止其他女性以这种方式进入这一行业。由此可知, 该协会修改规定是为了禁止女性参加它的考试。2. What was Andersons fathers attitude to her career?A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Sympathetic. D. Critical. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In 1866, she set up a clinic for women in London, thanks to her fathers backing. . . ”可知, 在18

16、66年, 由于父亲的支持, 她在伦敦开办了一家女性诊所。所以安德森的父亲支持她的事业。3. What did Anderson do after founding the New Hospital for Women?A. She married a successful businessman. B. She started a clinic for women in London. C. She learned at a hospital as a visiting physician. D. She helped create a school to train female docto

17、rs. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“In 1872, Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London. . . ”以及倒数第二段中的“. . . the London School of Medicine for Women, which she had helped to found in 1874. It was the first medical school in Britain to train women as doctors. ”可知, 安德森在创立新的女性医院之后, 又协助创办了一所培训女医生的学校。4

18、. Which of the following can be used to describe Anderson?A. Strict. B. Sensitive. C. Determined. D. Modest. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由她的经历可以推断, 安德森是一个意志坚定的人。【方法技巧】推理判断题属于主观题, 是层次较高的题目。它包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存, 推理是为了做出正确的判断, 正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上, 做出判断和推论, 从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思, 也就是通过文章中的文字信息、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展

19、变化等已知的信息来推测。B(2020泰安高一检测)Theres no doubt that one of the greatest human achievements is the exploration of space. Ever since astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to be sent into the orbit around the moon in 1961, scientists have been pushing the boundaries further and further. But until no

20、w the exploration into the unknown has been dominated (主导) by men. Of course, in the past, women were also included in the space projects and played an active role on the ground and behind the scenes. For example, they worked as seamstresses (女裁缝师), sewing vital spaceflight components. In fact, many

21、 of NASAs key works would never have been possible without them. Recently Hollywood produced a movie called Hidden Figures to focus on a group of American female mathematicians, especially the black women, who helped NASA send the first American into space. But this was not womens only contribution.

22、 Back in 1963, Soviet astronaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to be sent into space. However, after that, space flight programs were slow to employ women. In the USA, NASA didnt accept applications from women to become astronauts until 1978. But attitudes have changed and leading offic

23、ials at NASA say that the first person to set foot on Mars should be a woman. The space agency aims to have a sex-balanced workforce but can only achieve that if equal numbers of men and women are trained for science and technology jobs. As Allison McIntryre told the BBC, “My director is a woman. We

24、 have female astronauts. We havent put a woman on the moon yet. And I think that perhaps the first person to step on Mars should be a woman. ”【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。虽然太空探索迄今为止主要由男性主导, 但是女性也一直在默默地发挥着重要作用。NASA也准备让女性在太空探索中走向前台, 某位女性甚至可能成为登陆火星的第一人。5. What did Yuri Gagarin do in 1961?A. He landed on Mars. B. He

25、discovered many new boundaries. C. He led scientists to explore the moon. D. He made the first journey into space. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Ever since astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to be sent into the orbit around the moon in 1961, scientists have been pushing the boundaries further an

26、d further. ”可知, 1961年, 尤里加加林成为第一个完成太空旅行的人。6. Why does the author mention the film Hidden Figures?A. To show women are the true heroes of NASAs first launch. B. To stress that black people have won equal rights in NASA. C. To prove women can do as well as men in NASA projects. D. To present womens co

27、ntributions to NASAs space programs. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact, many of NASAs key works would never have been possible without them. . . who helped NASA send the first American into space. ”可知, 作者提到隐藏人物这部电影是为了举例说明在太空探索这一领域, 女性曾做出过重大贡献。7. What is Allison McIntryres attitude towards women astronauts

28、?A. Uncaring. B. Disapproving. C. Supportive. D. Disappointed. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“My director is a woman. We have female astronauts. We havent put a woman on the moon yet. And I think that perhaps the first person to step on Mars should be a woman. ”可知, 他不但认可自己的女性上司, 也支持女性成为第一个登上火星的人。8. What is th

29、e best title for the text?A. Will the First Person to Step on Mars Be a Woman?B. Great Achievements Have Been Made in Space ExplorationC. Why Did Men Play an Important Role in Exploring the Unknown?D. Men and Women Have Made Equal Contributions to NASAs Projects【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据全文, 尤其是最后一段前两句可知, 尽管NAS

30、A官员已经表态希望女性成为登陆火星的第一人, 但是由于女性在接受相关科技培训等方面存在的问题, NASA宣布的目标能否实现还是一个未知数。所以选项A“第一个登上火星的人会是女性吗?”适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。. 完形填空(2020牡丹江高一检测)Jeremy Locke, 25, has his own roofing company in Bridgeport, Nova Scotia. For a couple of years before he began his 1, he would drive past the home of Jeanette MacDonald, notic

31、ing the 2 state of her roof. He was 3 not just for the elderly woman but also for the children living with her. So Locke 4 to lend a helping hand. The young man knocked on MacDonalds door and5 to fix her roof for nothing, “I didnt know who the woman was, but I wanted to 6 this for her and her grandc

32、hildren, ” he explained to The Chronicle Herald. However, despite his kind 7 , the woman politely turned him down. MacDonald and her8 left an impression on Locke. He saw 9 between the woman and his own grandmother, and couldnt bear to see her in this 10. He had also grown up without much and felt th

33、at he should use his skills to 11. A year after Locke set up his own roofing company, seeing that the roof was12 in a state of disrepair, Locke returned to MacDonalds home and asked MacDonald if she wanted to enter a raffle (抽奖) his company was doing for a 13 roof. The 70-year-old woman 14 the chanc

34、e, but little did she know that there was no 15. MacDonalds relief16 Lockes kindness is immeasurable, “I could win $1 million but it wouldnt make me as 17 as knowing Im getting a new roof on. Jeremy is 18 something. Hes a guardian angel (守护天使) sent from God. ”The19 should cost about $ 9, 000 in term

35、s of materials and manpower. However, the only thing Locke wants in return is a home-cooked meal for his staff from the woman who 20 him of his grandmother. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Jeremy Locke想为老太太Jeanette MacDonald免费修屋顶, 但MacDonald拒绝了, 为了帮助MacDonald, Locke谎称有一个关于免费屋顶的抽奖, MacDonald得到了这个免费的机会, 最终Locke帮MacDon

36、ald修好了屋顶。1. A. journeyB. businessC. researchD. life【解析】选B。 journey旅程; business生意, 事业; research研究; life生活。由上一句的“his own roofing company”可知, 是在他开始做生意几年前。2. A. averageB. unexpectedC. specialD. terrible【解析】选D。 average平均的; unexpected预料之外的; special特殊的; terrible可怕的。由后文的lend a helping hand, fix her roof for

37、 nothing和the roof was _in a state of disrepair可知, 她家的屋顶状况很可怕。 3. A. frightenedB. embarrassedC. concernedD. disappointed【解析】选C。frightened害怕的; embarrassed尴尬的; concerned担忧的; disappointed失望的。由后文中的lend a helping hand可知, Jeremy Locke提供帮助是因为担忧他们。4. A. decidedB. appearedC. agreedD. happened【解析】选A。decide决定;

38、appear出现; agree同意; happen发生。由后文的fix her roof for nothing可知, Locke要帮老太太修屋顶, 说明他决定帮助老太太。5. A. declinedB. offeredC. managedD. pretended【解析】选B。decline拒绝; offer提供; manage设法做到; pretend假装。由前文中的lend a helping hand可知, Locke是提出免费帮老太太修屋顶。6. A. catch up withB. take care ofC. get rid ofD. put up with【解析】选B。catch

39、 up with赶上; take care of照顾, 处理; get rid of摆脱; put up with忍受。由上文可知, Locke要帮老太太免费修屋顶, 所以他要处理这个屋顶。7. A. applicationB. reactionC. theoryD. intention【解析】选D。application申请; reaction反应; theory理论; intention意图。上文提到, 他想免费帮老太太修屋顶, 说明他有好的意图。8. A. hesitationB. shameC. regretD. difficulty【解析】选D。hesitation犹豫; shame

40、耻辱; regret遗憾; difficulty困难。正是老太太MacDonald的困难(她家屋顶状况很可怕)给Locke留下了深刻印象, Locke才会想帮忙。9. A. symbolsB. conditionsC. similaritiesD. beliefs【解析】选C。symbols标志; conditions情况; similarities相似点; beliefs信仰。由本句中提到的his own grandmother和couldnt bear to see her可知, 应该是看到老太太和自己的祖母相似。10. A. situationB. occupationC. incide

41、ntD. direction【解析】选A。situation情况; occupation职业; incident事情; direction方向。由上文可知, 老太太的情况不好(屋顶状况糟糕), 所以此处是居住在这种(不好的)情况下。11. A. respondB. giveC. helpD. develop【解析】选C。Locke会修屋顶, 一直想要用他的技能帮助老太太。12. A. stillB. evenC. alreadyD. just【解析】选A。老太太拒绝了Locke为她修屋顶的提议, 所以她的屋顶还是处于失修的状态。13. A. temporaryB. delicateC. ran

42、domD. free【解析】选D。temporary暂时的; delicate精致的; random随意的; free免费的。由前文和本句中的“抽奖”可知, MacDonald拒绝了Locke为她免费修屋顶的提议, 为了帮助MacDonald, Locke就谎称有一个免费(修)屋顶的抽奖, 此处应是“免费的”。14. A. went overB. jumped atC. laughed offD. looked into【解析】选B。go over仔细检查; jump at欣然接受; laugh off一笑置之; look into调查。由前文可知, MacDonald家的屋顶坏了, 现在有一

43、个免费(修)屋顶抽奖, 她肯定会欣然接受这个机会。15. A. competitionB. cheatingC. dilemmaD. chance【解析】选A。 competition比赛; cheating欺骗; dilemma困境; chance机会。根据语境可知, 为了帮助MacDonald, Locke就谎称有一个免费(修)屋顶的抽奖, 所以根本没有抽奖比赛。16. A. comparingB. withdrawingC. followingD. contradicting【解析】选C。由语境可知, MacDonald的轻松是在Locke善意地提供免费(修)屋顶抽奖之后才会有的。com

44、pare比较; withdraw撤退; follow在之后; contradict相反, 反驳。17. A. strongB. luckyC. happyD. rich【解析】选C。由本句中knowing Im getting a new roof on可知, (家里屋顶要修的)MacDonald得到了一个新屋顶, 她一定是高兴的。18. A. partlyB. possiblyC. generallyD. really【解析】选D。由下一句他是上帝派来的守护天使可知, Jeremy真的很了不起。 19. A. roomB. jobC. mealD. decoration【解析】选B。room

45、房间, 空间; job工作; meal一顿饭; decoration装饰。由上文可知, MacDonald得到了免费屋顶, 修屋顶是一项工作。 20. A. remindsB. warnsC. convincesD. informs【解析】选A。remind使想起; warn警告; convince确信; inform通知。由上文可知, MacDonald和Locke的祖母相似, 所以是MacDonald使Locke想起了祖母。. 阅读填句(2020苏州高一检测)Without Her NameIt is a truth universally acknowledged that Pride

46、and Prejudice by English novelist Jane Austen is one of the most popular tales ever written. But behind the global admiration she enjoys today lies a sad fact. 1 In Pride and Prejudice, she was simply the author of Sense and Sensibility, which had carried the title“By a Lady”. The anonymity(匿名) work

47、ed so well that even friends of the Austen family had no idea that dear, sweet Jane was a novelist. A friend of Janes brother Henry actually told him that Pride and Prejudice was “much too clever to be the work of a woman”. 2Tom Paine, a Founding Father of the United States, kept his identity hidden

48、 for a short time after the publication of his famous Common Sense. For a woman, however, there was the added burden of societal expectations. Any sort of publishing or public display of talent was considered improper behaviour for a woman. It wasnt only fear about“bad manners” that discouraged wome

49、n from writing under their own names. 3 Charlotte Bronte, author of Jane Eyre, once sent her poetry to Robert Southey, a famous poet. Southey simply responded: “Literature cannot be the business of a womans life. ” Bronte used her pen name, Currer Bell, to publish Jane Eyre in 1847. Her sister Emily

50、 published Wuthering Heights as Ellies Bell in the same year. 4Mary Shelleys Frankenstein had come out without her name in 1818. Mary Anne Evans wrote Middlemarch and her other novels under the pen name George Eliot. The 20th century saw great progress towards gender equality. In theory, it should b

51、e unnecessary for women writers to follow Austens path any longer, unless driven by personal reasons. 5 Joanne Rowling, author of the Harry Potter novels, was advised to become J. K. Rowling. Thats because boys might dislike the feeling of picking up a book by a woman. Connie Ann Kirk explained in h

52、er biography of Rowling. A. Womens writing was seldom taken seriously. B. In practice, however, certain prejudices just wont go away. C. In her own time, Austens name never appeared on her books. D. They joined a long list of women authors who felt they had to hide. E. Politicians, for reasons of sa

53、fety, also frequently chose to be invisible. F. Jane Austen has attracted a great deal of critical attention in recent years. G. In a 2016 interview, Italian novelist Elena Ferrante claimed her use of a pen name let her concentrate on writing. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章以Austen为例, 说明了Austen今天享有的全球赞赏的背后存在着一个可悲

54、的事实在她那个时代, 女性作家因为不受重视和社会偏见而在文学创作中不得不使用笔名, 这种社会现象即使在20世纪也仍存在。1. 【解析】选C。根据上句“But behind the global admiration she enjoys today lies a sad fact. ”可知本句承接上文, 说明这个关于Austen的可悲的事实是什么。故C选项“在她那个时代, Austen的名字从未出现在她的书上”符合上下文语境。2. 【解析】选E。根据后句“Tom Paine, a Founding Father of the United States, kept his identity h

55、idden for a short time after the publication of his famous Common Sense. ”可知, 本段是在说明政客们隐藏身份的事情。故E选项“出于安全考虑, 政客们也经常选择隐藏身份”符合上下文语境。3. 【解析】选A。根据下文可知, 当时女性作家并不受人重视。选项A“女性的写作很少受到重视”符合上下文语境。4. 【解析】选D。根据后句可知, 此处是在说明Emily Bronte和许多其他女性作家一样选择隐藏自己的身份, 用笔名来署名自己的小说。故D选项“她们加入了一长串觉得自己必须隐藏的女性作家的行列”符合上下文语境。5. 【解析】选B。根据上下文可知, 即使在20世纪, 性别平等取得了巨大进步, 但是某些偏见在现实中还是存在的。故B选项“然而, 实际上, 某些偏见是无法消除的”符合上下文语境。