广东省中山纪念学校2021届高三上学期第一次段考英语试题 WORD版含答案.doc

1、2021届高三第一次段考 英语学科第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AXi presents medals to COVID fighters“Nation is willing to do whatever it takes to protect peoples lives”, president says.Solidarity and cooperation are the right choice for the international community to re

2、spond to a major crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, while selfishness and scapegoating will harm the people of all countries, President Xi Jinping said on Tuesday.Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, m

3、ade the remark when addressing a meeting to commend the role models in the countrys fight against COVID-19 at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. During the meeting, Xi presented the Medal of the Republic to renowned respiratory disease expert Zhong Nanshan, and the national honorary title Peop

4、les Hero to Zhang Boli, a traditional Chinese medicine expert; Zhang Dingyu, head of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, Hubei province; and Chen Wei, a military biomedical expert, for their outstanding contributions to the countrys fight against COVID-19.Born in 1936, Zhong was one of the most important f

5、igures in fighting the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003. As head of Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, he offered to treat all critical SARS cases in Guangdong Province at his institute.When the COVID-19 outbreak hit China in January, the 84-year-old medical genius

6、 chose to work on the front line, saving millions of lives inside and outside of China. He was the first person to publicly warn that the virus can be transmitted from one person to another.As the acting president of one of Wuhans major hospitals in treating COVID-19 patients, Zhang Dingyu,who was d

7、iagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in October 2018chose to stay with his colleagues, and save lives with no looking back.Zhang Boli directed the country in utilizing Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to defeat the novel coronavirus. He also led the formulation of the TCM treatment pr

8、otocol for COVID-19 patients.Having spent 82 days in Wuhan fighting COVID-19, Zhang is in Beijing now as a national lawmaker drawing up proposals to help the country better prepare for epidemics on the legal front.Chen Wei is a professor at Academy of Military Medical Sciences. The vaccine co-develo

9、ped by Chens team and a Chinese vaccine developer was the first in the country to proceed to the human testing stage in March. The vaccine project that she headed is one of a handful of vaccines that have shown some promise in early human testing prior to much larger trials to demonstrate efficacy.

10、She is also one of the key leaders in Chinas Ebola vaccine research.This is the second time the Medal of the Republic is being given out after the country honored a number of exemplary figures in 2019 for their outstanding contributions to the Peoples Republics development since its founding in 1949

11、. Whats more, national honorary titles honor those who make exceptional contributions in specific fields.Decorated with illustrations of Chinas national emblem(徽章), a five-pointed star, the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, a mountain and orchid flowers, the medal so far has only been conferred on ei

12、ght people, including Yuan Longping, father of hybrid rice, Tu Youyou, Nobel Laureate in medicine, Yu Min, father of Chinas hydrogen bomb. 1. Who received the Medal of the Republic in 2019?A. Zhang Boli B. Zhang Dingyu C. Chen Wei D. Tu Youyou 2. According to the news , which of the following is rig

13、ht ?A. Chen Wei only develops the vaccine against COVID-19 with her team. B. Zhang Dingyu combined traditional Chinese medicine to treat patients with the novel coronavirus. C. Despite suffering from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Zhang Boli chose to stay with his colleagues, and save lives wi

14、thout any hesitation. D. With his professional knowledge and strong sense of responsibility, Zhong Nanshan saved millions of lives home and abroad. 3. Chinas national emblem is designed with those illustrations except _ .A. orchid flowers B. Great Wall C. a five-pointed star D. the Yellow RiverBWhat

15、is important when an architect designs a building?At the start of the twentieth century, Louis Sullivan, one of the creators of modernarchitecture said that“form follows function.”Functionalism is used to describe theideabehind architecture which primarily focuses on the purpose of a building. Howev

16、er, many people disagreewith this and feel that beauty is a more important factor inarchitectural design. In the modern world, it seems that most architects combine bothideas: aiming tocreate buildings which are both functional and beautiful.The reason for creating a building in the first place is c

17、learly very important. Forexample, when building an airport terminal, you need to think of the needs of passengers as well as planes. Passengers want to get to their plane as quickly as they can, andplanes need to be parked in a more efficient way. As such, many airport terminals havea circular shap

18、e with satellite areas. Residential homes need to have enough space forafamily, art galleries need wall space to show pictures, and factories need to producegoods as efficiently as possible. Each type of building has a different function andhence a different form.Beauty, however, is also important w

19、hen it comes to the construction of a building.Living or working in an ugly place creates a depressing and uninspiring environment.In contrast, an attractive building can make people feel happier and increase their motivation to work. There is also a wider responsibility to society which architects

20、have toconsider. Beautiful, well-constructed buildings are a symbol of a civilized society, andreflect well on the business or reputation of the owner. Ugly public buildings, however,canproject(呈现) a negative image of the organization.In theory, there seems to be no reason why architecture cannot be

21、 both functionaland beautiful. Yet in practice, this can cause problems. The Modern International styleof the 1920s and 1930s, an example of which is the Guggenheim Museum in NewYork, was supposed to combine beauty with function. Many consider the museumswhite spiral ramp (螺旋坡道) beautiful, but there

22、 have been complaints that it is impractical, as it is difficult to stand back to view the art. Also, the ramp is so narrow that itcan become overcrowded. It seems that even a celebrated design has problems withfunctionality.If architects focus only on function, buildings may be cold, ugly and unint

23、eresting.On the other hand, if they focus only on making it look beautiful, the building may becompletely impractical. Therefore, blending these two ideas is necessary to create theperfect piece of architecture.4.What is the second paragraph mainly about？A.The popularity of functionalismB.The modern

24、ism of architectureC.The exterior of structureD.The disagreements in the field of architecture5.If you were an architect, which of the following couldnt be a reasonable design ?A. a gym with a shedding waterB. an office building with cooling systemC. a museum with a theatreD. a motel with parking lo

25、t6.What is the best title of the passage?A. Beauty or Function?B. The Secret of Architecture C. The Inspiration of ArchitectsD. The Importance of Architectural DesignCAbout 10 years ago, I sat in my office, struggling to write an annual progress report to my dean (系主任). I enjoy writing scientific pa

26、pers that engage my creativity and further my research. But report writing doesnt come with any reward apart from the instant satisfaction of finishing something. Like other routine paperwork, I find it hard to get through. So that day, I offered myself a reward: When I finished the report, Id give

27、myself 2 hours to examine slides (载玻片) under the microscopea task Ive always loved but never had much time for. Its a strategy I call just for fun.The strategy was born out of challenges I experienced in graduate school. I usually delayed putting together reports for university administrators until

28、threatening letters arrived. I never felt that paperwork was advancing my science, but rather sapping my energy and time for research. One of my committee members recognized and understood my difficulties. Then he told me about his strategy of rewarding himself with a fun project when he completed a

29、 task that he didnt particularly enjoy. He advised me to think about doing something similar. I immediately liked the idea.Over the course of my career, this strategy helped me complete and move past the parts of my job that I didnt particularly enjoy. The rewards I gave myself provided a way to rel

30、ax and reminded me why I love being a scientist.As for that annual report, I spent an ordinary morning on it but got it done. Then I hurried over to the microscope, eager to inspect a series of slides that my colleague had sent me a couple of weeks earlier. To others, it may have looked like work. B

31、ut to me, it was just for fun.7. Why does the author dislike report writing?A. He receives too little from it.B. It is just impossible to finish.C. It calls for too much creativity.D. He can hardly find time for it.8. What does the underlined word sapping in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?A. Acquire.

32、B. Consume.C. Accumulate.D. Conserve.9. How did the author get his strategy?A. At the request of his dean.B. Under the pressure of his colleagues.C. At the suggestion of a committee member.D. Under the instructions of university administrators.10. What can we learn from the authors experience?A. Cho

33、ose a career you really like.B. Seek fun when doing science research.C. Motivate yourself to finish boring tasks.D. Reward yourself with routine paperwork.DDo you ever wish for a little more time to do everything you need to do? Well, on July 1 youll be getting itbut only one more second.On July 1 a

34、t exactly 7:59:59 a.m. Beijing time (or on June 30 at 23:59:59 UTC, Coordinated Universal Time), the worlds atomic (原子的) clocks will pause for a single second, or, more precisely, change to the unusual time of 7:59:60, according to . The addition of a leap second (闰秒), announced by the Paris Observa

35、tory, is to keep our clocks in time with the slowing of Earths rotation (旋转) and astronomical time as measured by the sun.Just one extra second could cause big problems and affect the way computers and websites work, however. When the last leap second was added back in 2012, more than a few websites

36、 had some trouble. As reported by Phys.org, popular sites like the community website Reddit crashed when the leap second was added.For Reddit, the problem was eventually found to be with a Linux system that got confused when it checked the network time and found an extra second.Speaking to Wired abo

37、ut the problem back in 2012, Linux creator Linus Torvalds commented: Almost every time we have a leap second, we find something. Its really annoying, because its code (代码) that is almost never used, and thus not tested by users under their normal conditions.Companies have had to think of their own s

38、olutions, and Googles leap smear may be the best-known example. As company engineer Christopher Pascoe explains in a blog post, companies usually try to fix the problem by turning back the clocks by one second at the end of the day so that they play that second again.However, Pascoe believes this cr

39、eates problems. He asked: What happens? Does e-mail that comes in during that second get stored correctly?Google has a solution: Cut the extra second into milliseconds and then put these tiny amounts of time into the system throughout the day. This means that when it became time to add an extra seco

40、nd at midnight, says Pascoe. Our clocks have already taken this into account over the course of the day.For many companies without Googles money, however, the leap second will likely still cause some crashes. Dont worry, thoughat least it wont last long!11.Why do we need to add a leap second?A. The

41、worlds atomic clocks are set to do so.B. To keep in time with the worlds computers.C. To keep atomic clocks in time with the slowing of Earths rotation.D. To record the changes to astronomical time.12.What happened to the website Reddit when the leap second was added in 2012?A. It crashed because of

42、 a virus attack.B. Its network time added two extra seconds.C. All of the code in its Linux system went wrong.D. One of its software systems got confused and the site broke down.13.What does the underlined word something refer to in the 5th paragraph?A. The code not working properly.B. The extra sec

43、ond.C. The problem.D. Normal conditions.14.How do companies usually deal with the problem of the extra second?A. By shutting down computers at the end of the day.B. By stopping receiving emails that come in during that second.C. By turning the clocks back by one second at the end of the day.D. By cu

44、tting the extra second into milliseconds throughout the day.15.Whats Christopher Pascoes attitude toward Googles solution to the problem?A. unfavorable B. doubtful C. approving D. cautiousE“Lets give every child the chance to learn an instrument.” This is one of the most exciting commitments made in

45、 Jeremy Corbyns wonderful eve-of-election speech in Colwyn Bay, north Wales. There is surely no greater gift for a youngster. Yes, let them act and paint and write poetry, too, but learning to play music gives you access to other worlds. It is one of the greatest gifts, along with security and self-

46、belief and simple love, that a child can be given.Finland has one of the best education systems in the world, where teaching music and learning to play an instrument are very important. The principle is that a child is never too young to start a relationship with music; creative play is the key; chi

47、ldren should be allowed to develop at their own pace and go into music as deeply as they wish. It is fantastically successful, and Finland has produced a stream of extraordinary musicians over the past 30 years.Almost every other person you meet says one of their greatest regrets is that they didnt

48、learn to read music or play an instrument. Thats certainly true of me. Like a typical parent, I tried to right this wrong done to me by getting my son to learn the piano. He had played for 10 years and got to grade seven. Im not sure he ever particularly enjoyed it and doesnt play now, but I hope he

49、 got something out of it. Not every child is going to become a Finnish-style musical superstar. Some, like my son, will drop away. But every child should, as Corbyn says, be given the opportunity. Why should it just be an extracurricular activity for a small group of people?16.Why is learning an ins

50、trument at an early age important? A. It broadens a childs horizons.B. It helps discover a childs gift.C. It serves as the base of education.D. It teaches a child how to love others.17.Which is one of the Finnish education principles?A. It aims at producing famous musicians.B. The music curriculum s

51、hould be flexible.C. Every student should create music works.D. Children must study music as deeply as possible.18.Why did the author first want his son to learn music? A. To be a typical parent.B. To make up for his own regret.C. To equip his son for study abroad.D. To discover his sons music talen

52、t.19.Which of the following could reflect the attitude of the author?A. The author takes pride in the achievement his son has achieved in music.B. Only music can allow children an easier access to the world of beauty and love. C. Due to the successful principles of education, Finland has witnessed a

53、 stream of extraordinary musicians. D. To be famous or not, children could find their potential or gift through learning music.20.What is the main idea of the passage?A. Children can all become musical stars.B. Children are never too young to learn music.C. We should arrange more extracurricular act

54、ivities.D. Every child should have access to music education.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Think of Spider-Man, Iron Man and Ant-Man. Think of Black Panther, the Mighty Thor and the X-Men. Think of the Incredible Hulk, the Fantastic Four and all the other superheroes

55、 that have stimulated the popular imagination. 21 . From a small office in Manhattan in the 1960s, he helped create a lineup of fictional heroes that have crossed from page to screen of TV and movie adaptations and changed the face of popular culture.For many, he was the face of Marvel, if not comic

56、 books in general, witnessing the companys rise to become an international media giant. 22 . 23 . Lee gave the heroes flaws and insecurities, as well as an awareness of trends, social causes and a sense of humor, trying to “make them real flesh-and-blood characters with personality,” he told The Was

57、hington Post in 1992. “Thats what any story should have, but comics didnt have it until that point. They were all cardboard figures.” 24 . Iron Man, for example, could join forces with the Fantastic Four, and Captain America could find himself a wedding guest alongside Doctor Strange. Lee created a

58、fictional universe for readers to explore - one that made readers buy multiple series to get the whole story.“I used to think what I did was not very important,” Lee told the Chicago Tribune in 2014. “People are building bridges and participating in medical research, and here I was working on storie

59、s about fictional people who do crazy things and wear costumes. But I suppose I have come to realize that entertainment is not easily dismissed.”Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created, said Disney chairman and CEO Bob Iger. Indeed, Lee worked tirelessly his whole life creating gr

60、eat characters for the world to enjoy. 25 . His legacy will outlive us all.A. He inspired our imagination and hoped we could use it to make the world a better place.B. If all these entertainment products can be traced to one person, it would be Stan Lee, who died last November at the age of 95.C. Le

61、e also appeared in a number of Marvel movies, watering his lawn, delivering the mail, and so on.D. In order to keep multiple stories going at the same time, Lee wove them together into a seamless(无缝的) fictional world.E. Under Lee, Marvel transformed the comic book world by humanizing its characters.

62、F. Through the honesty of guys like Spider-Man, we learn about different aspects of human nature.G. As a writer, editor and executive, he played a critical role in what comic fans call one of the mediums golden ages.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Our son Caleb, a 12-year-old boy who

63、has had type 1 diabetes (糖尿病) since age 8, recently had the chance to 26 Riley Childrens Foundation at the Senior Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA) Championship. This event isnt just about raising money for Riley kids, but about great golfers giving 27 to kids in every way you can imagine.

64、 We could not be more honored that Caleb was 28 to be an announcer. In April 2013, Caleb began to show strange 29 : he was constantly thirsty, very weak and tired, had difficulty sleeping well through the night, and was losing weight. We were in 30 and visited our doctor at once. After doing a serie

65、s of tests, the doctor 31 that Caleb had type 1 diabetes. We were advised to take him to Riley Hospital for Children (funded by Riley Childrens Foundation) 32 since he was very ill. It was truly a(n) 33 day for our entire family. As a big sports lover, Caleb asked the doctor in Riley Hospital eagerl

66、y, “Will I still be able to play sports?” The doctor quickly answered that he would 34 be able to play whatever sport he wanted, 35 he treated his diabetes with the highest level of attention. The doctor 36 printed out a list of professional 37 with the same disease. He gave Caleb a 38 talk which ga

67、ve Caleb and our whole family a sense of hope and 39 . The Senior LPGA Championship 40 the theme of spreading hope to others. Through this event, we met and became special friends with Michelle McGann, a professional golfer who has type 1 diabetes. She helps people 41 that you can do what you love,

68、even professional sports, with diabetes. She is a great role model to young people 42 with this disease and wanting to chase after their sports dream. As advocates for Riley, the 43 Caleb had to share were very personal but precious for us. Our family felt so 44 the connection to Riley Childrens Fou

69、ndation and for this opportunity to publicly 45 it to let more children benefit from it.26. A. helpB. honorC. representD. assess27. A. luckB. hopeC. patienceD. purpose28. A. deniedB. praisedC. excludedD. chosen29. A. symptomsB. mannersC. messagesD. gestures30. A. stepB. vainC. panicD. question31. A.

70、 concludedB. remindedC. recordedD. predicted32. A. eventuallyB. naturallyC. recentlyD. immediately33. A. disappointingB. life-changingC. touchingD. aimless34. A. occasionallyB. absolutelyC. cautiouslyD. slightly35. A. as long asB. unlessC. now thatD. until36. A. stillB. everC. evenD. just37. A. star

71、sB. athletesC. actorsD. doctors38. A. toughB. lengthyC. formalD. powerful39. A. surpriseB. securityC. encouragementD. understanding40. A. endedB. continuedC. returnedD. formed41. A. realizeB. admitC. rememberD. agree42. A. startingB. linkingC. meetingD. living43. A. promisesB. achievementsC. experie

72、ncesD. adventures44. A. satisfied with B. grateful for C. excited about D. proud of45. A. urgeB. guideC. witnessD. advertise第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food. Yet today there is clea

73、r evidence that the oceans have a limit. Most of the big fish in our oceans are now 46 (go). One major cause is overfishing. People are taking so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace 47 (they). For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and their communit

74、ys needs. However, from the early 20th century, people around the world became interested 48 consuming protein-rich foods. People began 49 (catch) large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets. In a very short period of time, commercial fishing 50 (great) reduced the numb

75、er of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna. Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, 51 theyre mostly just the little ones. Small fish, 52 include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number largely because there are not enough big fish 53 (eat) them. Such large fish 54 (

76、be) necessary, because they hunt and kill the sick and weak smaller fish. Without this weeding out, or survival of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable. As a result, fish are less able to survive 55 (difficult) such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food supply. 第三节 书面表达（满分

77、25分）为提倡勤俭节约的传统美德，响应我校发起的“光盘行动”，请你在学校国际公众号上，面向海外校友以及国际友人，用英语发起倡议书，主要内容包括：1 活动目的；2 学校具体措施（至少两个措施）以及反响；3 活动意义并发出号召。光盘行动 the “Clear Your Plate” campaign公众号 public accounts注意：1词数130-150左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 注意书写规范和卷面美观。2021届高三第一次段考 英语学科参考答案第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）Passage A 1.D 2. D 3.

78、BPassage B 4. D 5. C 6.APassage C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. CPassage D 11. C 12. D 13.A 14.C 15.CPassage E 16. A 17.B 18.B 19.D 20.D第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）七选五21. B 22. G 23. E 24. D 25. A第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）完型填空 26-30 CBDAC； 31-35 ADBBA；36-40 CBDCB；41-45 ADCBD第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分

79、15分）语法填空【46】gone【47】themselves【48】in【49】catching【50】greatly【51】but【52】which【53】to eat【54】are【55】difficulties第三节 书面表达（满分25分）With food wastage making headlines recently, public attention has been drawn to the initiative of “Cleaning your Plate” campaign. In response to this as well as to carry forward

80、 the traditional Chinese virtue, I am writing to give a brief introduction to the event and advocate a wide-ranging participation among the public.Carried out productively on campus, the campaign was run primarily aiming to foster an atmosphere where wasting is shameful while thriftness is advisable

81、. For instance, those who accomplished the task of showing an empty plate when exiting the canteen for one whole week were rewarded with small gifts and praised in public. Moreover, students were also organized to visit farmlands nearby to actually engage in the process of producing crops, during wh

82、ich the value of cherishing food was well recognized. The sense of accomplishment and involvement developed, students have enthusiastically participated in such activities and their awareness of reducing wastage has also been enhanced significantly.Not only is this campaign calling for a healthy and economical lifestyle, it is also a positive response to the longstanding traditional virtue of being down-to-earth and thrift. Therefore, I hereby sincerely appeal to all of you to take immediate action and get involved in this campaign, which will surely be meaningful and rewarding.