2020-2021学年新教材高中英语 课时分层作业7 Unit 3 The world of science教学 知识细解码（含解析）外研版必修第三册.doc

1、课时分层作业(七).单词拼写根据首字母或汉语提示完成下列句子。1Marie Curie was a worldfamous chemist2What would you do，for instance，if you found a member of staff stealing? 3I can work out the problem and it is really beyond my ability.4As a biologist，Darwin contributed a lot to the understanding of human evolution.5Although he w

2、as injured during the game，he held out until the last.6We should translate this sentence in passive (被动的)voice.7His fathers words had a significant (重大的) influence on his future.8The special species (物种)here are rarely seen in other places of the world.9What a brilliant (聪明的)idea to go outing with t

3、he whole family in sunny day.10According to the theory (理论)of relativity，nothing can travel faster than light.阅读理解ADavid Rees runs a truly distinctive business.He charges customers $15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection，using a variety of tools.I know what youre thinkingis this a joke？The 39year

4、old gets asked that question a lot.To clarify everything，he even created a special section on his website telling everyone hes actually providing a real service.You can supply your own pencil or you can have Rees sharpen one of his own favorite 2B pencils.After that，he mails it to you in a display t

5、ube with the shavings in a separate bag，and an authentic certificate which just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object.To achieve the desired result，the master sharpener uses all kinds of tools，including general sandpaper，pocket knives and even a special $450 sharpenin

6、g machine.“It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for，”he says.That determines the most appropriate pencilsharpening technique.Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.$15 to have a pencil s

7、harpened is a bit expensive though，right？Youre not the only one who feels that way，and Davids unique business has really angered lots of people，who talk of inequality in America，saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay $15 to sharpen a pencil.But others will say，“This is just our urge to put an

8、 end to the welfare state because new ideas arise along with the business.”David admits his trade is sort of unusual.But there are those who actually value his service，as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一个人提供为他人削铅笔的独特服务。1How could David make money by sharpening pencils?AH

9、e invented new tools for the job.BHe promoted his skill on his website.CHe saved lots of time for other people.DHe provided quality service for his customers.D推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“To achieve the desired result，the master sharpener uses.even a special $ 450 sharpening machine”可推知，主人公给客户提供高质量的削铅笔服务，故选D。2Fro

10、m his words，we can infer that David Rees _Aknows all kinds of pencil usersBprovides personalized servicesCvalues ideas behind the pencilsDalways writes in pencilB细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for”可知，主人公会给客户提供个性化的服务，故选B。3What does the underlined word“insane

11、”in Paragraph 5 mean?ADeliberate. BRewarding.CUnreasonable. DIrresponsible.C词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句“$ 15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though，right？”，并结合第二段第一句“I know what youre thinkingis this a joke？”可推知，此处的insane意为“十分愚蠢的，疯狂的”，故选C。deliberate“故意的”；rewarding“值得做的”；irresponsible“不负责任的”。4What s

12、eems to be the authors attitude to David Rees trade?AIts a fancy service.BIt has a good reputation.CIts awfully expensive.DIt wastes time and money.A观点态度题。根据全文的整体内容可知，作者认为主人公所提供的削铅笔服务是与众不同的、别致的，故选A。BExperts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies.Most time th

13、e task is easily accomplished with parents reading or talking to their babies.However，in some cases that is not possible due to busy work schedules or when kids are born deaf.Now，an adorable blueeyed robot，a human avatar，and some hightech neuroscience may be able to assist parents with this importan

14、t developmental task.The Robot Avatar thermalEnhanced system，or RAVE，is the brainchild of a team of researchers led by LauraAnn Petitto，an educational neuroscientist，at Washington DC.s Gallaudet University.The learning process begins when the robots camera，which is focused on the babys face，detects

15、tiny changes in his/her body temperature.This，combined with the babys facial expression，causes the robot to turn its head and guide the babys attention to a computer screen，on which a human avatar starts to communicate with the baby，much like a parent would.For example，if the baby points towards the

16、 screen，the avatar might respond，“Are you pointing to me？”and follow that up with a nursery rhyme，fairy tale，or some essential social communication，all in American Sign Language (ASL)The“conversation”continues until the kid loses interest.The researchers，who have been testing the system for three ye

17、ars，found that babies as young as 6 to 8 months old began to move their hands in a rhythm similar to ASL after interacting with RAVE for just a few minutes.Petitto says natural language，whether communicated through speech or sign，activates the same parts of the brain and believes the rhythmic motion

18、s prove the babies are learning the essential elements of communication.What sets this technique apart from other methods，such as showing educational videos or television shows，is its interactive nature and realtime response to the babys actions.The researchers say that while it is too early to dete

19、rmine the systems longterm influence on baby communication，the initial response has been very encouraging.Next，they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了一种可以帮助父母教婴儿学习语言的系统，以及该系统的工作原理、效果评价和研究人员对这种技术的展望。5What can the RAVE system help parents do?AImpr

20、ove babies health condition.BTake good care of babies.CDevelop babies language skills.DKeep babies company.C细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，专家认为教孩子语言技能的最佳时间是孩子的婴儿时期；结合第一段尾句可知，RAVE系统可以帮助父母完成教婴儿学习语言的任务，故C项正确。6What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?AHow babies learn ASL effectively.BHow parents educate their babies.

21、CHow robots talk and read to babies.DHow the RAVE system works.D段落大意题。根据第二段第二、第三句可知，该段主要介绍了RAVE系统的工作原理，故D项正确。7What indicates babies are learning with the help of the RAVE system?AInterest in videos and TV shows.BChanges in their body temperature.CImprovement in their natural language.DHand movements

22、 in a rhythm like ASL.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“babies as young.a few minutes”可知，在和这种系统交流互动之后，婴儿就会开始以类似于ASL的节奏晃动他们的手，故D项正确。8What do the researchers think of the RAVE system?APromising. BImpractical.CSatisfactory.DDisappointing.A观点态度题。根据第四段第二、第三句可知，尽管对这种系统培养婴儿交流技能的长期影响进行评价为时过早，但是其初期的表现令人鼓舞，研究人员将在下一步推出可以用手语和口语与婴

23、儿交流的形象。据此可知，研究人员对这种系统的发展是充满着希望的，A项意为“很有前途的，大有希望的”，符合语境，故A项正确。.阅读七选五VAR technology has been used in US sports for years.Now it is fully combined with the global game of soccer and made its debut (首次亮相) at the 2018 World Cup last summer. 1 It is actually a team who work together to review certain deci

24、sions made by the main referee by watching video replays.The VAR team supported the referees from a centralize video room.The operators selected and provided the best angles from the relevant broadcast cameras plus two additional offside cameras. 2 They will communicate with the referees only for cl

25、ear and obvious errors or serious missed incidents.The referee can delay the restart of play at any time to communicate with the VAR team. 3 ，the referee would start an official review.Then they will make a decision based on the information received from the VAR team. 4 Some fans believe that VAR ca

26、uses too many interruptions which disrupt the flow of the game.But others just want a fair match.They argue disruptions have already taken place as angry players crowd around a referee following a controversial decision. 5 With much money put into modern soccer，governing bodies are now under great p

27、ressure to see that the correct decisions are made on the pitch and VAR is a good step.AIf one team is likely to win a game BVAR stands for video assistant refereeCIt is hard to avoid and VAR is necessaryDOnce they decide an incident is reviewableEThroughout a match they are constantly checking for

28、mistakesFThe use of video technology is a hot topic among football watchersGVAR can serve to remove such scenes and get the game moving again【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章对2018年世界杯中首次使用的VAR技术进行了介绍并简述该技术目前的应用情况以及人们对它的看法。1B根据上下文的内容可知下一句中的“It”指的是VAR.那么空处就是对VAR的解释。根据下一句“实际上，这是一个团队。他们通过观看录像回放，共同审查主裁判做出的某些决定”可知，VAR就是帮助主

29、裁判来做出正确的决定，即助理裁判。分析选项可知B项“VAR就是视频助理裁判”与此句意义一致，且选项中有“video”“referee”的复现。2E考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空格后的“他们仅限于有明显错误或严重遗漏事件时与裁判沟通”可知，E项“在整个比赛中，他们不断地检查错误”与之意义一致。3D根据空后的内容“裁判员将开始正式审查。然后，他们将根据从VAR团队收到的信息做出决定”可知，是先决定审查，才会正式审查，并根据VAR的信息做出决定。分析选项可知D项“一旦他们决定可以审查事件”符合题意。4F本题是位于段首。分析本段的内容可知，有的球迷认为VAR是对比赛的干扰，有的认为无论怎样，只要公平比赛。可知VAR引起了人们的关注。分析选项可知F项“视频技术的使用是足球观看者们的热门话题”与此意义一致。5G根据前后句可知G项“VAR可以移除这些场景，使比赛再次进行”符合题意。