2020秋高中英语 Unit 3 Under the sea Section 2训练与检测（含解析）新人教版选修7.doc

1、Unit 3Section 请同学们认真完成练案8 .阅读理解AThe growing amount of human noise pollution in the ocean could make fish unable to find a good habitat and cause their death, according to a new research from a UK led team working on the Great Barrier Reef, the largest coral reef (珊瑚礁)in the world, off the northeast

2、coast of Australia.After developing for weeks at sea, baby reef fish rely on natural noises as a clue to find the coral reefs where they can survive and grow stronger.However, with human noise pollution from ships, wind farms and oil mining on the increase, researchers are now concerned that this im

3、portant behavior is coming under threat.Dr Simpson, a senior researcher in a British university，said, “When only a few weeks old, baby reef fish face a very difficult task in locating and choosing a suitable habitat.Reef noise gives them quite important information.But if they learn, remember and be

4、come attracted towards the wrong sounds, we might be leading them in all the wrong directions.”Dr Simpson and his team began their environment.Using underwater light traps, Dr Simpson and his team collected baby reef fish and put them into tanks with underwater speakers playing natural reef noise or

5、 a mix of manmade sounds.The next night the fish were put into speciallydesigned choice tanks.Again they played natural or manmade sounds.All the fish liked the reef noise, but only the fish that had experienced the mix of manmade sounds swam towards it, the others swam away when hearing the manmade

6、 sounds.The test result shows that fish can learn a new sound and remember it hours later.And they can tell the difference between sounds and, based on their experience, become attracted to other sounds, which might really affect their behavior on the most important night of their life.The breakdown

7、 of natural behavior could have damaging effects on the population of future fish groups.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。经英国科学家的研究发现，海洋中的噪声污染使生活在澳洲的小礁鱼很难找到适合它们的栖息地。1Baby reef fish find coral reefs mainly by their sense of_B_ Asight BhearingCsmell Dtouch解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段首句中的“.baby reef fish rely on natural noises a clu

8、e.”可知，小礁鱼主要靠听觉找到珊瑚礁。2What did the British research team feel most concerned about after the noise experiment？_C_AThe reason why baby reef fish can find the location of coral reefs. BThe process of how baby reef fish learn a new sound.CThe population of fish groups in the future.DThe eating habits of

9、 baby reef fish.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段末句“The breakdown of natural behavior could have damaging effects on the population of future fish groups.”可知，通过噪音实验，科学家最为关心的是未来鱼群的数量问题。3We can infer from the passage that baby reef fish_D_.Acan find their suitable habitat whatever happensBcan survive in difficult livi

10、ng conditionsCcan get used to noise from humansDare easily attracted by sounds解析：推理判断题。通过第五段第二句中的“And they can.become attracted to other sounds.”可知，小礁鱼的行为方式很容易受到其他声音的影响。故选D。4What does the passage mainly talk about？_D_AA new research about noise pollution.BA great task faced by a British research tea

11、m.CThe way baby reef fish survive and grow stronger.DA research about how noise pollution changes fish behavior.解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述科学家发现噪声污染会改变小礁鱼的行为方式。故选D。BWhile many people dream of mermaids (美人鱼)，few people actually try to become one.How can someone become a mermaid if they dont exist? Just ask Dana

12、Richardson，who is a professional mermaid in Hawaii!“As a child, I always felt very connected to the ocean and played mermaids in the water，” says Dana.“My love of the ocean took me to different types of work such as a lifeguard, swim instructor, boat crew member，underwater photographer, boat captain

13、, and surfer.I just decided to take it to the next level and grow a tail！”Dana doesnt mean literally(照字面地)In 2008 she began making mermaid tails from materials including shiny fabrie(织物)that she wears while freediving in the waters around Kona, Hawaii.Freediving means diving without any protective e

14、quipment.It requires you to hold your breath while swimming deep underwater.As she dives in，Dana not only looks like a mermaid；she experiences what it is like to swim like one too.The waters around Danas home in Kona are filled with wildlife，including dolphins and whales.Kona is by a sheltered sea w

15、here the waters are calm for swimming. For ten years Dana has been swimming with the creatures of Kona.Some of them have even learned to recognize her.Dana knows how to swim with sea life because she is a trained marine(海洋的)naturalist.She understands the behavior of sea life and knows how to safely

16、interact with it.Every morning when she swims with sea life she gets to experience her other “home”“The ocean beneath the depths really is another world.Watching how the world works so gracefully in that circle of life underwater is a beautiful thing.”For Dana Richardson being a mermaid just makes s

17、ense.“Ive always felt more comfortable underwater than on land，”she says.Would you like to follow your dream, even if it seems impossible? Dana reminds everyone，“One person can truly make a difference.By following your heart and offering the world your unique gifts, you will inspire others to do so.

18、The world needs you！”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个女孩梦想成真的故事。5What has been influencing Danas work experience most？_A_AHer hobby. BHer family.CHer science teacher. DHer swim instructor.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段首句以及“My love of the ocean.”可知是Dana对海洋和美人鱼的喜爱影响了她。6Why does Dana make mermaid tails？_B_AShe needs them to protect

19、 her.BShe wants to swim like a mermaid.CShe needs to make money with them.DShe wants to take photos of mermaids.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段末句“.she experiences whatit is like to swim like one too，”可知做出美人鱼尾可以让Dana体验到像美人鱼一样游动的感觉。7Being a marine naturalist helps Dana_A_.Aget along well with sea lifeBdiscover her out

20、standing giftsCappreciate the beauty of other peopleDfeel comfortable both underwater and on land 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的第二句话可推知成为海洋学者帮助Dana更好地了解海洋生物并与它们交流。8Dana encourages people to_C_.Ahelp those in needBlove marine animalsCtry to realize their dreamsDprotect the marine environment解析：细节理解题。根据末段的“By follow

21、ing your heart.”可知Dana鼓励人们实现自己的梦想。.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2020浙江省温州十五校联合体高二下学期期中)Many experts are calling the growing problem of global waste a worldwide health crisis in since pollution from trash is not only harming the worlds oceans, air and soil but also endangering peoples

22、 health as well as the livelihood of all living creatures.Reduce, reuse, recycleSuch a dilemma raises the question: is there a more responsible way of dealing with trash? Fortunately, there is. 1._D_.One example of this is whats often called the three Rs: reduce, reuse, recycle. Reducing the use of

23、plastic containers as well as reusing and recycling bottles and cans decreases the amount of garbage being sent to landfills. As a result, less money is spent on waste management, and countries financial burdens are significantly relieved. Such positive effects on an economy are known as a circular

24、economy.Circular economyTraditionally, manufacturers would make a product to be used and disposed of by consumers. This linear (直线型的) model of production offered no help in the fight against global waste. 2._E_.Once a products value is exhausted, the materials are recycled and returned to manufactur

25、ers. The outcome is less waste. One largescale example of this is happening on the island of Taiwan.3_B_In 1997, Taiwan established its signature 4in1 Recycling Program, consisting of communities, government cleaning teams, recycling companies and the Recycling Fund. Residents separate their recycla

26、ble waste. The local government collection teams collect it. 4._G_. Importers and manufacturers who are responsible for the recyclable products pay a fee into the Recycling Fund. The Recycling Fund is an essential aspect of the program used to subsidize (补贴) the recycling disposal system, support ed

27、ucation and research and development as well as finance recycling efforts in the future.Turning garbage into goldBy following a circular system, more products than ever are being manufactured using recycled materials. Environmentallyfriendly decisions like these help to conserve natural resources, r

28、educe pollution, save landfill space and even create new job opportunities. 5._C_.APractices in TaiwanB4in1 Recycling ProgramCRecycling can truly turn garbage into goldDLiving a zerowaste lifestyle is the way to goEAlternatively, a circular economy was introducedFThe recyclable waste is recycled in

29、many local factoriesGRecycling companies buy waste materials from them to make profits文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们为了消除垃圾给人类带来的危机所采取的有效措施。解析：1根据上文“Such a dilemma raises the question: is there a more responsible way of dealing with trash? Fortunately, there is.(这样的两难境地提出了一个问题：有没有一种更负责任的处理垃圾的方式？幸运的是，有。)”及下文“O

30、ne example of this is whats often called the three Rs: reduce, reuse, recycle.(其中一个例子就是我们常说的三个R：减少，再利用，回收。)”可知，此处指垃圾处理方式。D. Living a zerowaste lifestyle is the way to go(过一种零浪费的生活方式才是正确之道)能够承接上下文。故选D。2根据上文“This linear (直线型的) model of production offered no help in the fight against global waste.(这种线性

31、的生产模式对对抗全球垃圾没有任何帮助。)”在介绍一种生产模式；根据下文“Once a products value is exhausted, the materials are recycled and returned to manufacturers.(一旦产品的价值耗尽，这些材料就会被回收并返还给制造商。)在介绍另一种模式，此处需要从一个模式到另一个模式的过渡。E. Alternatively, a circular economy was introduced(此外，还引入了循环经济)”符合语境。故选E。3此处需要一个段落的小标题，干扰项是A，但是，从分析其他三个段落小标题都是讲如何

32、处理垃圾来看，B. 4in1 Recycling Program(四合一回收计划)也是在介绍具体如何处理垃圾，适合做本段小标题。故选B。4根据上文“In 1997, Taiwan established its signature 4in1 Recycling Program, consisting of communities, government cleaning teams, recycling companies and the Recycling Fund.(1997年，台湾建立了其标志性的四合一回收计划，由社区、政府清洁团队、回收公司和回收基金组成。)及下文介绍可知，接下来开始从

33、四方面开始介绍。G. Recycling companies buy waste materials from them to make profits(回收公司从他们那里购买废品来获利)”介绍了回收公司的作用，符合语境。故选G。5根据本段小标题Turning garbage into gold(把垃圾变成金子)及本段中对回收利用垃圾所带来的经济效益可知，C. Recycling can truly turn garbage into gold(回收真的可以把垃圾变成金子)既呼应了段落小标题，又能对最后一段的进行总结。故选C。.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词

34、的正确形式。(2020浙江省温州十五校联合体高二下学期期中)Life pressure can be big enough, so we need to be surrounded by warm phrases, or even some blind 1._confidence_(confident). Recently, a new trendseeking praise from strangerhas gone popular on social media among Chinas young people; many chat groups 2._have been formed_

35、(form) to show kindness and support to members. These “inneedofpraise” chat groups are 3._a_reflection of Chinese culture where 4._openly_(open) seeking and giving praise is uncommon, 5._leading_(lead) many people to hide their true emotions even from their families.For young people, gaining recogni

36、tion from peers is more important than getting approval from older generations. They can feel a sense of belonging and gain encouragement, 6._which_ is beneficial to their mental health.As long as peoples praise doesnt sound 7._insincere_(sincere), we are likely to welcome it. Being richly recognize

37、d for what we do or who we are just feels good. Most of us like praises, 8._because_they can raise our spirits, warm our hearts and decrease fears and selfdoubt.However, anyone giving or receiving praise in such groups should be 9._cautious_(caution). Such praises come at a cost. And the biggest ris

38、k is the constant emphasis on the “false self”， which makes 10._it_harder to see the “true self”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了在社交媒体上向陌生人寻求赞扬这一新趋势在中国年轻人中流行起来背后的原因及存在的风险。1考查名词。句意：生活压力可能很大，所以我们需要被温暖的话语包围，甚至是一些盲目的自信。作be surrounded by的宾语用名词。故填confidence。2考查时态语态。句意：最近，一种新的趋势向陌生人寻求赞扬在中国年轻人的社交媒体上流行起来；许多聊天小组已经建立，以表示对成员

39、的善意和支持。根据“has gone popular”可知此处用现在完成时，chat groups与form之间是被动关系，应该用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是chat groups，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have been formed。3考查冠词。句意：这些“需要赞扬”的聊天群是中国文化的反映，在中国，公开寻求和给予赞扬是不常见的，这导致许多人甚至向家人隐藏自己的真实情感。reflection是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处用不定冠词a表泛指。故填a。4考查副词。修饰seeking and giving praise用副词。故填openly。5考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知

40、，lead与前面的句子在逻辑上是主动关系，所以此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果。故填leading。6考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他们能感受到归属感，获得鼓励，这对他们的心理健康是有益的。此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语。故填which。7考查形容词。句意：只要人们的赞扬听起来不虚伪，我们很可能会欢迎。作sound的表语用形容词，根据空前的“doesnt”和空后的“we are likely to welcome it”可知此处表示“虚伪的”。故填insincere。8考查连词。句意：我们大多数人喜欢赞扬，因为赞扬可以振奋精神，温暖心灵，减少恐惧和自我怀疑。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据句意可知前后是因果关系，此处表示原因。故填because。9考查形容词。句意：然而，在这样的群体中，任何给予或接受赞扬的人都应该谨慎。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语。故填cautious。10考查形式宾语。句意：最大的风险是不断强调“假自我”，这使得人们更难看到“真自我”。分析句子结构可知，此处用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故填it。