北师大版高中英语 短语·典句·考点（UNIT 16 STORIES）.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家【短语典句考点】1. come into view 出现 【经典例句】When you are reading the novel, a fantasy will come into view in your mind.当你读这本小说的时候，在你的脑海里会出现梦幻般的形象。【考点聚焦】1)view指视力,视野时是不可数名词；指（从某处看到的）景色时是可数名词。2）view指“看法，想法”时是可数名词。常与介词on或about连用。例如：What are your views about his resignation?你对他辞职有什么想法？3)come into

2、 view作“出现”讲时，常用表示“物”的名词作主语，用主动语态。如：As the thief came into view, the policeman caught him. 小偷一出现，警察就抓住了他。4) 注意下列短语的用法:at first view初看, 一见(就)be lost to view看不见了in ones view依某人看/的观点 in view of sth.鉴于;由于;考虑到burst upon the view突然映入眼帘fall in with sb.s views和某人意见一致take long views作长期打算; 有先见之明相关短语：have a goo

3、d view 对有很好的看法（见解）；能很好地看见【活学活用】单句改错：1)Several possible buyers have come into view the house. 2)He had good view on the subject of equal pay for men and women.3)We had a fine view from the lake from our hotel window.答案： 1. 把into改为to 2. 在good 前加a 3. from改为of2.knock over 撞倒某人【经典例句】That evening, Mrs. Li

4、 was knocked over on her way to school down by a drunk man. 那天晚上，李老师在去学校的路上，被一个醉汉撞倒了。【考点聚焦】1）knock over还有“使惊奇 ，消除”之意。2）要记住以knock为中心的短语：3）作“碰撞”讲时，是不及物动词，常和介词over, down连用。I knocked over the glass and spit the water. 我打翻了杯子，水洒了。 Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.有时我觉得

5、这房子会被过往的飞机撞塌。4）作“敲打”讲时，是及物动词， 常接表示“人”的名词作宾语。如：As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow.当这个人走近时,战俘猛地一拳将他打翻在地。5）knock about作“闲置，漫游”讲时，是不及物动词。Thats been knocking about the house for years. 那东西在房子里已经闲置几了。Hes knocked about Africa all his life. 他在非洲漂泊一生。5）记住短语：knock a

6、t/on 在上敲knock off 敲掉；减去knock down 撞到；降价knock dead一拳打死【活学活用】选择正确的形式填空：A. had knocking about B. had been knocking about C. Knock at D. knocked over1) Helen was blind so she the glass and spit the water. 2) the door first before you enter the teachers office. 3) Having failed in the exam, poor Tim in t

7、he street for hours before he came home. 答案： 1. D 2. C 3. B3. block out 堵住【经典例句】As we all know, black clouds can never block out the sun. 众所周知，乌云永远遮不住太阳。【考点聚焦】1) block n. 一块；一个障碍。 例如：Recently the professor often has a memory block.近来教授常常出现记忆不起的情况。2）作“堵住”讲时，是及物动词， 常接光线、洪水之类的名词作宾语。如They blocked out th

8、e flood out of their city.他们把洪水挡在城市外面。3）作“抹去”讲时，是及物动词， 常接抽象意义的名词作宾语。如Over the years Helen had tried to block out that part of her life, but she couldnt.多来, 海伦努力想把她生命中的那一段经历从记忆中抹去,但是，她做不到。4）block out还有作“拟大纲,设计”讲时，是及物动词，常接表示plan的名词作宾语。如：I have blocked out a plan of the house but have given no details.

9、我已画出房子的草图,但尚未标出细节。5）牢记下面的短语：a block in traffic交通阻塞in block整批, 全部, 整个儿knock sb.s block off 用拳头连续打某人; 使某人吃苦头block in堵塞, 封闭block off 封锁; 阻止【活学活用】汉译英：1）那位老人成了事故的受害者，并阻塞了交通。2）那位小说家已勾画出的小说的框架，但尚未标出细节。答案：1）The old man became the victim of the accident and blocked the traffic.2）The novelist has blocked out

10、a plan of the novel but has given no details.4. in a way 从某种程度上说【经典例句】In a way, a teacher is like a dictionary, particularly an English teacher. 从某种程度上说, 教师象一本字典，特别是英语老师。【考点聚焦】1)way n. 道路;习惯;行为方式; 规模。2）in a way 作“从某种程度上说”讲时，指从某个角度去看待某个事物，发现某事物具有某特征。不能翻译成“在一条路里”。如： No rain will cause the plants to de

11、ath, while , in a way, too much rain water will cause flood. 没有水，植物会干渴而死。然而，从某种程度上说，太多的水能够导致洪水。3)by the way作“顺便说说”讲时，常常作状语，表示顺便提起某事。如： By the way, what happened to the money? 顺便问一句，那笔钱后来怎么样了？4）注意下列短语的意义差别:by way of 通过；经由in the way挡道的 in no way 决不in one way, in another way 一方面，另一方面on the way to 在去的路中

12、或在干某事的过程中out of the way反常的；异常的4）牢记下列以way为中心构成的常用动词搭配：be/ stand in sb. s way 妨碍某人, 阻挠某人get in the way 妨碍find ones way out of设法走出；摆脱give way (to) 让步；退让；消失；消除【活学活用】利用上面的短语完成下面的句子：1) Rome, he have a good view of some preserved authentic characteristic European architectures.2)Stress （压力）is a natural par

13、t of everyday life and there is to avoid it.答案： 1. On the way to 2. no way5. come across 偶然遇到【经典例句】She came across some old photographs in the ruins. 她在废墟里偶然发现了一些旧照片。【考点聚焦】1）作“偶然遇到”讲时，meet with, 强调动作的偶然性。常接表示“物”的名词作宾语。如：I came across a violinist playing his musical instrument with sorrow on his face

14、. 我偶然遇到一位小提琴手悲伤地演奏乐器。We came across an old man lying in the road.我们碰见一位老人躺在路上。而meet含有安排会见的意义。如：I will meet an old friend in tht airport.我将到机场接一位老朋友。 2)come across 作“出现于”讲时，是及物动词，A very good idea came across his mind.他的脑海里出现一个好主意。3)come across 在口语中，有“给人印象深刻；交付”之意。4）要记住以come为中心的其他短语： come into being 形

15、成come about发生 come along进展；进步；进行come down传递；传给come through 经历；脱险come to涉及；谈及come to oneself恢复从容；恢复知觉，苏醒 come under受支配；由控制come close to靠近come up 出现come up against 遭遇反对； 碰到困难come up with 想出计划；作出反应【活学活用】1） When the old man realized that he death, he gave out all of his money to the poor people , withou

16、t leaving a penny to his own children. A. came up to . came close to C. came down to D . came into 2)The train center _in the early 1990s.A. came out . came into being C. came over D. came from 答案： 1.B 2. B 6.hold up 支撑起【经典例句】She，a worker, is holding up well under the pressure of hardship as a pilla

17、r in her family. 她，一个工人，作为家里的顶梁柱，正在忍受贫穷的压力。【考点聚焦】1)hold握住；掌握 = take hold of, get hold of, catch hold of, lay hold of, keep hold of2)hold up作“支撑起”讲时，是及物动词， 常接表示“物”的名词作宾语,表示支撑起某个物体。接表示人的名词作宾语，表示在支撑起家庭，养家活口，担当重任。如：He had to hold up his family after his father was ill. 他父亲病后， 他担当起家庭的重任。3）hold up 还有“展示；提

18、出作榜样”之意， take sb. as an example, 例如：Shes always holding up her children as models of good behavior. 她总是举例说自己的孩子表现如何好。4）牢记相关短语： hold against 归咎于；责怪hold back阻止 hold down压抑；压低；控制hold off 保持距离；不接近hold on（打电话时用语）请等一下，不要挂上 hold to坚持；遵循，to 是介词，后接名词和动名词。hold out持续hold up 阻碍hold ones breath屏住呼吸；【活学活用】单项填空：1）

19、your hand if you have question and you will get a reply.A. To hold up B. Hold up C. Holding up D. Held up2）The Chinese people are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2008.A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held答案： 1. B 2. D 7. count on 依靠【经典例句】1) - Dont tease me. Im sure hell help me. -

20、Dont count on it. You will be discouraged，in particularly when you are lack of money.不要嘲笑我，我肯定他会帮忙。那可靠不住，你会失望的，尤其是当你缺钱的时候。【考点聚焦】1）count v. 计算；认为, 有价值1)同义短语：rely on v. 依赖; depend on依靠2)count on作“依靠”讲时，是及物动词，常常构成不定式count on sb. to do sth.指望某人干某事。如：You can count on my help.你可以依赖我的帮助。You can count on hi

21、m to help.你可以指望他帮忙。He is that kind of man that cant be counted on. 他不是能够信赖的那种人。3)count on作“期待，对有信心”讲时，是及物动词，后面可以接动名词。如：The workers counted on getting a raise next month. 工人们期待下个月获得加薪。 4）注意下列短语的用法:count it an honor to do sth.把做某事引以为荣count down 倒数计时 【活学活用】单句改错：1)As time goes on, few people can count t

22、o have only one job for life. 2)The workers are counting on getting a raise, but the boss have no money. 答案： 1. to have改为 on having 2. counting改为 being counted8. figure out 理解【经典例句】I would sit in class feeling completely lost. I couldnt figure out how I was going to answer the teachers questions.我坐在

23、教室里，完全走神了，搞不懂怎样回答老师的问题。【考点聚焦】figure vt. 塑造, 表示；演算1) figure out 还有“计算出, 解决, 断定”之意。2) 形近词：finger out 用指头摸弄出来3）finger out 作“理解”讲时understand， 常接表示疑问意义的从句。如：Can you finger out what he really meant? 你能才猜测出他是什么意思。4）作“解出。找出”讲时，常接way, answer等词作宾语。如：He has fingered out the best answer to the questions while a

24、 grown-ups hasnt.他算出了问题的答案，然而，一个大人却不能。5）牢记下面的常用搭配：figure in计算在其中figure on count on依靠figure out at总共., 合计.figure up总计, 把.总加起来【活学活用】汉译英：1)让我们来找出帮助的办法吧。2)我们指望你们会早些来帮助我们。答案：1)Lets figure out a way to help.2)We figure on your coming early to help us.9. end up 以结束， 以告终【经典例句】Facts proves that most of those

25、 who havent listened to their teachers will end up with nothing, that is, at a loose end.事实证明大多数不听话的学生，将会一无所有, 也就是，无所事事。【考点聚焦】1) end up作“以结束”讲，是及物动词，常常接the meeting, the class, the party, the speech作宾语，要表达以某种方式结束，要用end up with。2）要记住以end为中心的短语：in the end =eventually 最终地；终于at a loose end 无所事事 at an end

26、 完成 end in造成结果end on 两端相撞 end to end 头尾相接 end up with 以结束go off the deep end 异常激动；发火 keep ones end up （面对困难）坚持不懈 make (both) ends meet 收支相抵 【活学活用】1）-Maybe youll as a fail, like me.-God forbid!A. in the end B. end to end C. at a loose end D. end up2) of , the small workshop had become a large factory

27、 which employed 728 people.A. In the end B. On end C. By the end D. At an end答案：1. D 2. C 10. put up with忍受；容忍【经典例句】Li Jiangjun, a middle school student, has to put up with being played jokes on his name with general. 李将军，是一个中学生，不得不忍受大家对他的名字“将军”的嘲笑。We couldnt put up with the noise around our school

28、any more. 我们再也容忍不了学校周围的噪音了。【考点聚焦】1）同义词：bear忍受；忍耐2）put up with作“忍受；容忍”讲时，stand, 后接名词、代词和动名词，表示忍受某种折磨。如：I cant put up with sitting with Li Yuguo.But he refuses to stop talking at class. 我实在忍受不了和李玉国坐在一起，他不停的说话。3) 辨析：put up with, put up和 put up toput up with 忍受；put up 举起；抬起;张贴；put up to鼓动；唆使做 to 是介词，后接名

29、词或动名词。 3）牢记以put为中心的短语：put aside节省；储蓄； put away储蓄; put back拨回; put down写下；平定；put forward to提出; put off延期；put on穿上；假装；put out熄灭；关熄； 出版； put through接通电话； put together商量；put up举起；抬起。【活学活用】用put短语的正确的时态、语态完成句子：1）Jasper “No Parking”signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect.2）The meeting was

30、 because of the rain.答案：1）has put up 2）put off 11. in particular 特别, 尤其 【经典例句】The whole meal was good but the wine in particular was excellent.整顿饭都很好，尤其葡萄酒更好。She stressed that point in particular that she loves science fiction in particular.她特别强调了那一点她尤其喜爱科幻小说。【考点聚焦】1）牢记短语：nothing in particular 无所事事；

31、 be particular about /over 讲究。2) 构词：particularity n. 个性；特性。3)in particular作“特别, 尤其”讲时，作状语。强调某人和某事情在某一方面很突出。She is so strict with the housework in particular that servants will not work for her.她对家务活太挑剔了, 以致于佣人们不愿给她干活。4)辨析in particular和particularly： 两者都表示“尤其；特别”，但是in particular位于名词后面，在句中作状语，修饰整个句子。pa

32、rticularly是副词，位于系动词后，形容词或介词之前。【活学活用】根据汉语完成句子：The teacher stressed that point that we should the disabled child. 老师特别强调了那一点我们要特别关心那个残疾儿童。答案： in particular; show particular concern for12. now that 既然， 由于 【经典例句】Now that you are sitting in the classroom, you should pay all your attention to your studies

33、.既然你坐在教室里，你应该把你的精力全部用到学习上。You ought to have a good rest now that youve finished the work.既然已完成了工作,你就应该好好休息一下。【考点聚焦】1）now that作“现在既然已经如此”讲时，是连词，用来引导表示因果关系的状语从句。如：You ought to have a good rest now that youve finished the work.既然已完成了工作,你就应该好好休息一下。2）注意其他相似连词的用法:since既然；因为，引导原因状语从句。only if只有，只要，引导条件状语从句。

34、even though即便，纵使，引导让步状语从句。once一旦，就，引导条件状语从句。in case万一，以防，引导条件状语从句。【活学活用】 单项填空1）_ a beginning is made, the work is half done.A. As B. Now that C. Once D. In case2）Ill draw a map for you _ you cant find our house.A. even if B. so that C. in order that D. in case答案： 1. C 2. D 13.refer to 查阅；提到；涉及；提交【经典

35、例句】Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.要寻找答案,请查阅书的最后一页。Dont refer to this matter again, please.请别再提这件事。The rule refers only to special cases.这条规则只涉及一些特殊的情况。The doctor referred the patient to a specialist.这位医生把病人介绍给专门医生诊治。【考点聚焦】1）作“提到”讲时，是及物动词，后接article, poetry, matter或接表示人的名词作宾语。如：

36、When I referred to Tang Poetry, I meant it was Li Bais poems.当我提到唐诗的时候，我指的是李白的诗歌。 In his speech, he referred to the Bible several times.他在演说中好几次提到圣经。I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young lad.当这位太太说起一个聪明小伙子时,我知道她指的是比尔。2)作“涉及”讲时，是及物动词，后接rule, problem等词。如：The rule refer

37、s only to special cases.这条规则只涉及一些特殊的情况。3)作“查阅”讲时，是及物动词， 后接page,book, dictionary,如：Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.寻找答案,请查阅书的最后一页。4)refer to 还有“把.归因于; 认为.起源于”的意思。如：He referred all his troubles to bad luck.他将他的一切麻烦都归因于运气不好。He referred his success to the good teaching he had had.他

38、把他的成功归于他以前所受的良好教育。5）常用短语：refer toas 称为People tend to refer to hospitality industry as “window industry”.人们习惯把服务行业当作“窗口行业”。【活学活用】 单项填空1） I knew the lady was Bill when she spoke of a bright young lady. A. referred B. refers to C. referred to D. referring to2）（05福建） Is that the small town you often ref

39、er to? Right, just the one you know I used to work for years. A. that B. which C. where D. what 答案：1.D 2.C 14. on the other hand 另一方面【经典例句】Knowledge can be gotten from books. Practical experience, on the other hand, can give us more useful knowledge.知识来源于课本，另一方面，实践经验给我们更多有用的知识。【考点聚焦】1) on (the) one

40、hand on the other hand.一方面另一方面, 表示两方面论述一个事物。相当于on one side on the other side。如：On (the) one hand , I am your teacher, on the other hand, I am your frien. 一方面我是你们的学生，另一方面，我是你们的朋友。2）on the contrary 相反的。3)牢记下面短语的用法：at first hand得自直接的体验 at hand近处；即将到来 bring up by hand亲手喂养 get ones hand in使技能保持熟练 get the

41、 upper hand占上风 hand in glove关系密切；共谋 hand in hand关系密切地；手拉着手地on every hand四面八方，四周【活学活用】用以上的短语填空：1)He kept wondering why people who had so much money were never satisfied but were always wanting more. 2)Power and money go just as dirt and disease go hand in hand.3）A: Have you finished your homework? B: I havent begun yet. 答案： 1. on the contrary 2. hand in hand 3. On the contrary高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！