2020版高考英语新设计大一轮人教新高考(浙鲁京琼)版讲义:必修三 UNIT 4 WORD版含答案.doc
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1、阅读词汇请匹配下列单词与其词义1astronomyAadv.失重地2weightlesslyBn.天文学3solar Cn.生物学家4biologistDn.碳5carbon Eadj.太阳的;日光的6dissolve Fn.酸7acid Gn.二氧化物8mammal Hvt.& vi溶解;解散9dioxide Iadj.灭绝的;绝种的10extinct Jn.哺乳动物答案1.B2.A3.E4.C5.D6.H7.F8.J9.G10.I高频词汇请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1unlike her mother不像她母亲2multiply and divide乘法和除法3crash into a tr
2、ee撞在树上4float down the river沿河漂流5theory and practice理论与实践6exist only in Africa只存在于非洲7lessen the risk of heart disease减少患心脏病的几率8a reaction to a question对问题的反应9a gentle and sensitive man一个和蔼而又善解人意的人10give a pull at the rope拉一下绳子11be in a puzzle about sth对某事迷惑不解12a new system of teaching foreign languag
3、es一种新的外语教学体系拓展词汇请填入括号内单词的正确形式1The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global(globe) ecological disaster.(2018浙江6月卷)2To be honest, beef tastes better when you boil it gently (gentle)3There are fundamental (fundament) differences between your temper and mine.4He often says that
4、he doesnt believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others religious(religion) freedom.5Do you believe the existence(exist) of ghosts? Perhaps they only exist in the minds of some people.6Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent(violence)7The harmful materials becam
5、e harmless to the environment after being dealt with.(harm) 8There was a puzzled look on the little girls face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.(puzzle)必会短语请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1lay_eggs下蛋2in_ones_turn轮到某人;接着3break_out 突发;爆发4now_that 既然5get_the_hang_of English idioms掌握英语习语6give_birth_to one newborn ea
6、ch year一年只产一仔7depend_on him for help指望他帮忙8watch_out_for cars当心车辆9prevent the fire from spreading制止火势蔓延10block the sun out遮住太阳11cheer him up使他高兴起来12arrive in_time及时到达必仿佳句1.原句 This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.2原句 But when I tried to step forward, I found I was
7、 carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.3原句 “Oh, dear,” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”4原句 We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.1仿写 这个女孩懂三门外语,这使她更容易找到一份好工作。The girl knows three fo
8、reign languages, which makes_it_easier_for_her_to_find_a_good_job2仿写 杰西卡付出的时间和精力是以前的三倍,所以我相信她这次能成功。Jessica devoted three_times_as_much_time_and_energy_as she did before, so I believe she will succeed this time.3仿写 既然它对我们的好处如此多,为什么不试一试呢?Now_that_it_benefits_us so much, why not have a try?4仿写 长途旅行之后,我
9、们三人回到了家,又饿又累。After the long journey, the three of us went back home, hungry_and_tired.1.exist vi.存在,在于(1)exist onlive on靠为生There exist(s)/existed. 某地有/存在(2)existence n. 存在;生存come into existence 产生;成立;开始存在(3)existing adj. (仅用于名词前)目前的,现存的单句语法填空/完成句子You cant imagine what difficulty they have existing o
10、n the money hes earning.Ever since a long time ago, there_have_existed (存在着) different opinions among scientists on how the universe first existed/came_into_existence (存在)佳句背诵 There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography.有一个解决现存的地理问题的好办法。名师指津 exist没有被动语态,也不能用于进行时态。2.puzzle n谜;难
11、题 vt.& vi.(使)迷惑;(使)为难(1)a puzzle to sb一件让某人感到困惑的事情be in a puzzle aboutbe puzzled about 对迷惑不解(2)puzzle about 苦思冥想;绞尽脑汁(3)puzzling adj. 令人困惑的puzzled adj. 感到困惑的单句语法填空/句型转换Where the missing plane has gone still remains a puzzle to us.What puzzled the firemen was the cause of the fire.The firemen were_in
12、_a_puzzle_about the cause of the fire.(puzzle n)The firemen were_puzzled_about the cause of the fire.(puzzled)佳句背诵 These scientists have been puzzling about how to solve the environmental problem.这些科学家一直苦思如何解决这个环境问题。3.harmful adj.有害的;伤害的(1)be harmful to对有害(2)harm n& vt. 伤害,损害do sb harm (do harm to s
13、b) 伤害某人;对某人有害there is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有害处单句语法填空/句型转换Drinking too much does harm to your health.They dont usually employ untrained workers, but it doesnt do any harm to try your fortune.They dont usually employ untrained workers, but theres_no_harm_in_trying your fortune.佳句背诵 The majority of
14、 people believe smoking is harmful to health.大多数人相信吸烟对身体有害。4.unlike prep.和不同;不像 adj.作表语不相似;不同(1)like作动词意为“喜欢”,作介词意为“像”(2)dislike是动词,意为“不喜欢”(3)unlike是介词,意为“与不像,不同,相反” (4)alike可以作形容词或者副词,意为“一样的,相同的” 完成句子My mother dislikes_seeing_you_with_me_together(我母亲不喜欢看到你我在一起)Though John and Andrew look_exactly_al
15、ike(看上去一模一样), they act quite differently.佳句背诵 Its unlike him to be late; hes usually on time. 他不是会迟到的那种人,他通常很准时。5.pull n& vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力pull off脱(衣、帽等)pull down 拆毁;摧毁pull out 离站;抽出,取出pull in (火车)进站单句语法填空/完成句子When all passengers were on board, the train pulled out of the station.They pulled_down_my_ol
16、d_house(拆除了我的旧房子) and built five new ones.She pulled_off_her_raincoat(脱掉雨衣) before entering the room.6.in time及时;终于;迟早in time for.刚好赶上in time to do sth 及时做某事in no time 立刻,马上on time 准时单句语法填空We arrived in the summer, just in time to_enjoy (enjoy) the midnight sun.If you hurry, youll be in time for the
17、 bus.佳句背诵 As a proverb goes, “Where theres a will, theres a way.” Our efforts will pay off in time.正如一句谚语所说,“有志者,事竟成”,我们的努力迟早会有所回报。7.prevent.from阻止;制止prevent/stop.(from) doing sthkeep.from doing sth阻止做某事keep.doing sth 使一直做某事protect.from. 保护不受侵袭;挡住;防御单句语法填空/句型转换To keep warm, he kept the fire burning(
18、burn) all the night.It is high time that we did something to keep the environment from being polluted.It is high time that we did something to prevent/stop the environment (from) being polluted8.cheer up(使)高兴;(使)振奋;感到高兴;感到振奋cheer sb up使某人振作起来cheer sb on (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励;为某人加油单句语法填空/完成句子They gathered roun
19、d the swimming pool and cheered her onWhen Im feeling sad, my mother always tells_me_funny_stories_to_cheer_me_up (给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来)9.in ones turn轮到某人;接着in turn依次;轮流;反之;相应地by turns 轮流;交替地take turns to do sth 轮流做某事It is ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事单句语法填空Now that we have finished designing, the company,
20、in turn, should do the constructing work.I think its my turn to_drive (drive) the kids to school this week.They had to take turns to_look (look) after the patients.10.This produced a chain reaction, which made_it_possible_for_life_to_develop.这产生了一个连锁反应,使得生命的发展成为可能。“make it形容词/名词(for.) to do sth”句型中i
21、t作形式宾语,而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。(1)makeitadj./n.that从句makeitno good/no use/no value.doing sth(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有:think, consider, find, feel等单句语法填空/句式升级I consider it no use quarrelling(quarrel) with him about it.Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.Mastering the
22、technology makes it possible that we_can_use_the_Internet more effectively.佳句背诵 To make it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.为了更便于联系我们,你最好将这张卡片放在身边。11.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.但当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我
23、被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远,因而我摔倒了。倍数表达法:(1)倍数as.as.(2)倍数比较级than(3)倍数the size/height/length/width.of.(4)倍数what从句句型转换My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three times as big as the previous one.My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three times bigger_than the previous one.My farm has expan
24、ded into a big one, which is three times the_size_of the previous one.佳句背诵 The population now in this village is five times what it was ten years ago.现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。名师指津 在表示“两倍”时要用double或twice,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词times”。倍数有时也可以用分数、百分数、half等来替换。12.“Oh dear,” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice no
25、w_that_gravity_has_changed” “天哪,”我大声说,“既然重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”now that“既然,由于”,是连词词组,引导原因状语从句,表示明显的原因或既成的事实。口语中that常可省略。其他表示原因的连词或介词短语:(1)because因为(表示直接而明确的原因,语气较重,常用于回答why的疑问)(2)since因为;既然(可与now that互换)(3)as因为(语气较弱)(4)for因为(并列连词,引导一个分句,不能置于句首,表示进一步补充说明)单句语法填空/完成句子It must have rained last night, for
26、the ground is wet.It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school today.Now_that/Since_you_want_to_improve_your_oral_English(既然你想提高你的英语口语), you should speak English every day.阅读教材VS高考之一The river is being polluted with many factories existing on both of its sides.Dead fish have been found floa
27、ting on the surface of the water.Unknown bacteria are propagating fast along the river, which might be a potential risk to peoples health.However, what puzzles the local government is how to deal with the relationship between economic development and environmental protection.They want to take action
28、 to pull down some of the factories, but they fear that this may cause the local economy to crash and then bring impacts on employment.1写出黑体词汇在语境中的词性和词义vi.存在vi.浮动;漂浮vt.使迷惑;使为难 vt.拉拽vi.崩溃2Which of the following can replace the underlined “propagating”?AmultiplyingBdissolvingClesseningDexhausting答案A.完
29、形教材VS高考之二Isaac Newton, an English physicist, discovered gravity.Based on his _1_, astronomers predicted that another planet might _2_ in the orbit of Uranus(天王星)Uranus, having 27 known natural satellites, is visible to the naked eye.Its the third largest planet in terms of size in the Solar System,
30、with its _3_ roughly 14.5 times that of Earth.Its much closer to the sun, but this does not _4_ it from being the coldest, because unlike the other planets, Uranus gives off less heat than it absorbs from the sun.Its climate also seems less _5_Traces of carbon dioxide, oxygen and hydrogen have been
31、confirmed in its atmosphere.1A.astronomyBreligionCpresenceDtheory2A.floatBexistClessenDharm3A.massBbillionCcarbonDacid4A.puzzleBcrashCpreventDblock5A.violentBextinctCfundamentalDgentle答案1.D2.B3.A4.C5.A.语法填空教材VS高考之三The development of space technology is cheering 1.us(we) up.Man has succeeded in landi
32、ng on the moon and the next destination is Mars.This goal will be achieved 2.in time.Is there life on Mars?It is still 3.a puzzle to us.Until now we 4.have_known(know) a little about Mars, but thats not enough.The earth is six times 5.larger(large) than Mars.There is almost no oxygen on Mars, which
33、makes it impossible for life 6.to_exist(exist)It might be about 50 degrees above zero at noon and 100 degrees below zero at night, which prevents us 7.living(live) there.Now 8.that Mars is quite different from the earth, if we plan to go to Mars one day, we should have to take along our own oxygen,
34、food, clothing and shelter.写作教材VS高考之四一、细读本单元Reading部分,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的概要。【参考范文】Billions of years after the “Big Bang”,the dust began to settle into a solid ball that produced many gases,making the earths atmosphere.(要点1)With the earth cooling down,water began to appear and allowed the earth to dissolv
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