2022最新英语时事阅读题二（适用于初三和高一学生） WORD版含答案.docx

1、2022最新英语时事阅读题二（适用于初三和高一学生）A篇The first private astronaut crew to visit the International Space Station (ISS) has returned safely to Earth. The team flew to the ISS and back on the spaceship Crew Dragon.The SpaceX company vehicle landed as planned in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Florida on Mond

2、ay. SpaceX also provided the Falcon 9 rocket that carried the team toorbit. The return to Earth marked the end of a two-week sciencemissionaboard the ISS.The flight was the first to be organized and operated by a private company involving a completelycommercialastronaut crew. Welcome back to planet

3、Earth, SpaceXMissionControl said in a radio message to the crew. We hope you enjoyed the extra few days in space.The ISSmissionwas supposed to last just over a week. But weather conditions kept the crew in space for more than two weeks. Beforedepartingthe space station on Sunday night, the group tha

4、nked their seven ISS hosts, including three NASA astronauts whose ownmissionwill end soon.The crew was led by Michael Lopez-Alegria, a retired astronaut for the American space agency NASA. He now works as thevicepresident of Axiom Space, which organized and operated the ISSmission. The 63-year-old L

5、opez-Alegria was described as the missioncommander. He was joined by the mission pilot, Larry Conner, a 72-year-old businessman and private pilot from Ohio. The other members were 64-year-old Israeli man Eytan Stibbe, a fighter pilot and 52-year-old MarkPathy, a Canadian businessman. Stibbe and Path

6、y served as missionspecialists.After being helped out of thecapsule, the crew members were picked up by arecoveryship and given a quick health exam. The team was then flown to NASA in Florida for moredetailedmedical check-ups. Everyone looks great and is doing reasonably well, Axiom operations direc

7、tor Derek Hassmann told reporters. He described the astronauts as being in great spirits.Connor called the experience an amazingmission. Lopez-Alegria said his adventure aboard the ISS was even longer and more exciting than he imagined it would be. Pathy said the mission was eye-opening in so many w

8、ays, and would surely have a lastingimpacton my life. The mission was praised by Axiom, NASA and industry officials as a turning point in the latestexpansionofcommercialspace activities.We proved that we can prepare the crew in a way that makes them effective and productive on orbit, Hassmann said.

9、What it demonstrates（证实）to the world is that there is a new avenue to get to low-Earthorbit.In the past, the ISS has accepted some visits by private citizens. But the latest mission marked the first all-commercialteam of astronauts sent to use the station as anorbitinglaboratory. The crew brought 25

10、 science and biomedical experiments with them to carry out inorbit.It was the sixth human space flight for SpaceX in nearly two years. The company has acontractto fly three more Axiom astronaut missions to the ISS over the next two years. Axioms second flight is planned for next spring.(511 words)根据

11、文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. The crew stayed in the ISS for _. A. over a week B. two weeksC. a few days D. more than two weeks2. The crew stayed in the ISS longer because _. A. There is something wrong with the spaceship. B. The science mission wasnt finished on time. C. They enjoyed the time in the ISS. D. The w

12、eather was not good enough for the spaceship.3. During the mission, how many people were there in the ISS? A.3 B. 4 C. 7D. 114. The team was led by _ during mission. A. Michael Lopez-Alegria B. Larry ConnerC. Eytan Stibbe D. MarkPathy5. What does the underlined wordimpactmean? A.the great change cau

13、sed by accident.B. the powerful effect that something has on somebodyor something.C. the important plan that changes somebodys life in the future.D. the power that makes something better.B篇Methane(甲烷) is a natural gas thattrapsmore heat in Earths atmosphere thancarbondioxide. Farm animals, especiall

14、y cows, and the decay(腐烂) of plant matter in wet areas, create the most methane.Last week, American government researchersannouncedthat methane levels in theatmospherehadincreasedby a recordamount. The report from the National Oceanic andAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA) noted that the record broken h

15、ad been set only the year before.Scientists measure methane in parts per billion, or ppb. Before the worlds developed nations started building large factories about 170 years ago, the methane level in the atmosphere was 720 parts per billion. Now, it is more than double that amount. In 2020, methane

16、 went up by a record 15.3 ppb compared to the year before. One year later, it rose 17 ppb to reach 1895.7 ppb.Scientists say methanereleases, or emissions, affect climate change substantially,trapping25 times more heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide. Robert Howarth studies methane at Cornell

17、University. He called the reports findings extremelydisturbing. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, or IPCC, said methane hascontributedto about a one-half degree Celsius rise in temperature since the 1800s.The main difference between methane and carbon dioxide is how long

18、they last. Carbon dioxide can remain for thousands of years while methane disappears in about nine years. As a result, many nations are trying to reduce methaneemissionsas a way to quickly slow the planets warming. The goal is topreventthe worlds temperature from rising more than 1.5 to 2 degrees Ce

19、lsius by the end of this century.Lindsay Lan is anatmosphericscientist who works with NOAA and the University of Colorado. Lan said human activity is not the only reason for the rise in methane. She said it is alsoconnectedto the weather condition called La Nina, which changes the temperature of the

20、 Pacific Ocean. La Nina causes more rainfall, and some of the methanereleasehas come from areas that are wetter than normal. Scientists are alsoconcernedabout future methane increases as frozen Arctic land warms. Lan said some scientists believed the recent increases may have beenlinked toCOVID-19 a

21、nd the changes it brought to human activities. But, her research suggests the pandemic had little effect. Lan did a study of the chemical makeup of the methane increases since 2006 and said most comes from natural emissions from plant material decaying or from agriculture.Howarth said both fossil fu

22、els and agriculture are critical（关键的）to methane increases. But he said, my research strongly points toward fossil fuels as being the largest cause of the increase since 2008. And, Howarth blamed hydraulic fracturing（水力压裂）, amethodof pulling natural gas from the Earth, for much of the increase. NOAA

23、notes that about 30 percent of the methane in the atmosphere comes from businesses and human use of fossil fuels. That is the part that can most easily bereduced.In addition to the news about methane, NOAA said carbon dioxide levels are now about the same as they were 4.5 million years ago when seas

24、 were about 23 meters higher and the average temperature was warmer by about 3.9 degrees Celsius. Parts of the Arctic that are now frozen had large forests. In a statement, NOAAs chief, Rick Spinrad, said emissions continue to move in the wrong direction at arapidpace.(567 words) 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. Wh

25、ich isuntrueabout methane and carbon dioxide? A. Methane catches more heat in Earths atmosphere than carbon dioxide. B. Methane can stay in the air much longer than carbon dioxide. C. Methane is more important in the earth warming than carbon dioxide. D. Methane in the atmosphere rises faster than c

26、arbon dioxide in recent years.2. Which doesnot release methane into the air? A. plant decaying B. farm animal raisingC. fossil fuel using D. the COVID pandemic3. The methane level in the atmosphere now is _ per billion. A. 170 parts B. 720 parts C. 1.500 parts D. 1,800 parts4. What is the goal to pr

27、event the worlds temperature from rising by the end of this century.A. less than 1 degree CelsiusB. 1.5 degree CelsiusC. more than1.5 to 2 degrees CelsiusD. about 3.9 degrees Celsius5. Which is the most effective way to reduce the emission of methane? A.To raise fewer animals. B. To cut fewer forest

28、s. C. To use less fossil fuel. D.To reduce more agricultural activities.C篇A woman who lost one leg to cancer isseekingto break a world record by completing 102 marathon-length runs in 102 days. A marathon is a race that goes 42 kilometers.Jacky Hunt-Broersma, who lives in the western American state

29、of Arizona, set her goal in mid-January. And every day since then, she has been running the distance of a marathon. Most of the time, she runs on roads andtrailsnear her home in Gilbert, Arizona. Sometimes she completes her runs on a running machine called a treadmill. Hunt-Broersma averages(平均) jus

30、t over five hours to complete the runs. If she keeps successfully completing marathon-length runs every day, she will reach her goal by April 28. She would then hold the world record for completing 102 back-to-back marathon runs. The current world record of 101 marathons was set April 10 by British

31、runner Kate Jayden. The 35-year-old Jayden does not have adisability.Hunt-Broersma, anativeofSouth Africa, lost the bottom half of her left leg to arareformof cancer in 2001. The biggeststrugglewas accepting that part of my body was gone, she told TheAssociatedPress. Hunt-Broersma said that until fi

32、ve years ago, she was not veryactive. But then she looked into running and decided to give it a try. The sport ended up being quite costly. Currently, she runs on a prosthetic leg made out of a strong, light material known ascarbonfiber. The carbon fiber blade she uses, which is designed specificall

33、y(特异的,专门的) for running, costs about $10,000.But Hunt-Broersma says her investment has been well worth it. Running really changed my life, she said. It helped me accept myself as an amputee. It gave me a sense offreedom. I fell in love with theprocessof pushing my body further just to see what I coul

34、d do.However, she has faced bothphysicaland mental difficulties during her record-breakingattempt. On one recent day, Hunt-Broersma said she felt nearcollapseat 24 kilometers and began to cry. In that moment, she felt like her planned goal might not happen at all. I had a total emotionalbreakdown. I

35、 was like, I just cant do this. What was I thinking? she said. Thetrickfor me is just to break it down into little goals, she added.One of her recent runs was the world-famous Boston Marathon in Boston, Massachusetts. She finished that race, held April 18, with a time of 5 hours, 5 minutes. Hunt-Bro

36、ersmas main support team is her husband and their two young children. She is documenting(记录) her progress online and has alsogaineda large social media following. As she nears the end of her goal, Hunt-Broersma is hoping toinspirea single thought in others, regardless of their own physical limitatio

37、ns. She tells people,Youre stronger than you think and youre capable of so much more.(481 words) 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. What date is it for the Boston Marathon? A. in mid-January B. on April 10 C. on April 18 D. April 282. Which is true about Jacky Hunt-Broersma? A. She is 35 years old now. B. She was bor

38、n in West America. C. She set current world record of 101 marathons in early April. D. She usually spends about 5 hours to run for a Marathon race.3. Which of the following pairs of words dont mean closely in this report? A. trail run B. seek attemptC. collapse breakdown D. inspire - gain4. Until no

39、w running brings to Jacky Hunt-Broersma the followings except _. A. active life B. a world record of running C. a sense of freedom D. a large social media following5. Jacky Hunt-Broersma is seeking to break the world record to_. A. make herself accept herself as an amputee. B. show people her disabi

40、lity. C. change her life. D. encourage other disabled people to be active.D篇An astronaut crew ofprivatecitizens has launched to the International Space Station (ISS). The launch happened Friday morning from company SpaceX. The flight is the first to beorganizedandoperatedby aprivatecompanyinvolvinga

41、 completely commercial(商业的) astronaut crew. The four-member team will travel to the ISS inside a Crew Dragon Endeavor spacecraft built by American company SpaceX. The spacecraft will be carried into space by a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. It is expected to arrive at the ISS about 28 hours after the launc

42、h.The crew members are from the private company Axiom Space, based in Houston, Texas. The group is led by retired NASA astronaut Michael Lopez-Alegria. The mission(任务) is called Ax-1. The 63-year-old Lopez-Alegria is described as the missioncommander. He is Axioms vice president of business developm

43、ent. Lopez-Alegria will be joined by the mission pilot, Larry Conner, a businessman and private pilot from Ohio. Conner is in his 70s, but the company did not provide his exact age. The other members of the crew are 64-year-old Israeli fighter pilot Eytan Stibbe and 52-year-old Mark Pathy, a Canadia

44、n businessman. Stibbe and Pathy will serve as missionspecialists. The private crew is expected to spend eight days aboard the orbiting(轨道) ISS. NASA said it willcooperatewith Axiom mission officials to plan joint activitiesinvolvingthe Axiom team andregularISS crew members. Currently, there are thre

45、e American astronauts aboard the ISS, along with a German astronaut and three Russian cosmonauts.The launch is being praised by Axiom, NASA and industry officials as a turning point in the latestexpansionof commercial space activities. Such activities have become known in the industry as the low-Ear

46、th orbit economy, or the LEO economy.In 2020, SpaceX became the first private company to launch astronauts into Earths orbit. That mission sent two astronauts to the ISS. SpaceX has since completed several similar flights. The latest missions crew might seem similar to private space tourists who rec

47、ently took space rides that did not reach orbit. Those services are offered by private companies BlueOriginand Virgin Galactic. The trips aim to fly private citizens to the edge of spaceandpermitthem to experienceweightlessnessand observe Earth.But Axiom executives said their mission is very differe

48、nt. We are not space tourists, Lopez-Alegria told a recent news conference(会议). He added that the Axiom team had completed intense(强烈的) astronaut training with both NASA and SpaceX. The Ax-1 team will be carryingequipmentand supplies for 26 science and technology experiments. They include research i

49、n areas including brain and heart health, cancer and aging.In the past, the ISS has accepted some visits by private citizens. But the current mission will mark the first all-commercial team of astronauts sent to use the station for its purpose as an orbiting laboratory. Axioms co-founder and executi

50、ve chairman, Kam Ghaffarian, told Reuters he sees the launch as the beginning of many beginnings for commercializing low-Earth orbit. He added: Were like in the early days of the internet, and we havent even imagined all thepossibilities, all the capabilities(能力), that were going to be providing in

51、space.(522 words) 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. Which is true about the flight in the report? A. The rocket is from SpaceX company. B. The crew will stay in the ISS for 28 hours. C. The astronauts are from American,GermanyandRussia. D. The spacecraft will get to the ISS on that day it was launched.2. The Flight

52、is organized by _. A. the International Space Station B. company SpaceX C. theNASA D. company Axiom Space3. How many astronauts were sent to the ISS on SpaceXs first mission? A. 2 B.4 C. 6 D. 84. What did the first private space tourists do during their flight? A. Experiencing weightlessness and obs

53、erve Earth. B. Training with both NASA and SpaceX. C. Carrying equipment and supplies to the ISS.D. Doing some science and technology experiments.5. The successful mission on Friday means that _. A. more astronauts will be sent to the ISS. B. there will be more space tourists in the future. C. there

54、 will be more commercial activities in the space later. D. more space stations will be built in the space.E篇Scientists say they have finished mapping the full set ofgeneticinformation for human life. The effortinvolvedthe first-ever sequencing（排序）of a complete humangenome. A group of international r

55、esearchersannouncedthe result on March 31.The researchers said the latest sequencing work filled in all remaining information needed for a full map of the humangenome. The research was published in a series of studies in the publication Science. A first version of the research was published last yea

56、r before it was examined by the scientific community.In 2003, scientistsreleasedwhat was described at the time as a complete sequence of the human genome. But the international research team said the earlier effort did not include about eight percent of the genome. The pastfailureto complete the ful

57、l map was linked tolimitationsin sequencing technology in use at the time.Evan Eichler is a researcher at the University of Washington who took part in the latest effort. He was also part of a past research effort known as the Human Genome Project. Eichler told The Associated Press that some of the

58、genes that make us different as humans werecontainedin what he called the dark matter of the genome. He said the earlier sequencing efforts missed those parts. It took 20-plus years, but we finally got it done, Eichler said.Many people, including Eichlers own students, thought the full sequence had

59、already been completed. I was teaching them, and they said, Wait a minute. Isnt this like the sixth time you guys have declared victory? Eichler said. He answered, No, this time we really, really did it.Karen Miga is a genomics researcher at the University of California-Santa Cruz. She helped lead t

60、he latest research. Miga told the APthat scientists hope the results will open the door to new medicaldiscoveriesin areas such as aging, the nervous system, cancer and heart disease. The human genome is made up of about 3.1 billion DNA chemical base(碱基) pairs, known by the letters A, T, G and C, the

61、 National Human Genome Research Institute explains. Each of these base pairs arecontainedin 23 pairs of chromosomes（染色体）found in the nucleus of human cells. Each chromosome contains hundreds to thousands of genes. The genes provide instructions for makingproteins, the buildingblocksof life. Anestima

62、ted30,000genesmake up the humangenome.Until now, Miga said there were large and persistent(反复出现的) elements missing from important areas of the human genome map. So Miga worked with Adam Phillippy, of the National Human Genome Research Institute, to organize the team of scientists to start over with

63、a new genome. The groups goal was to sequence all of it. The effort added newgeneticinformation to the humangenomeand corrected pasterrors. It alsoidentifiedlong stretches（伸展）of DNA known to play important parts in both evolution and disease.Eichler, the University of Washington researcher, noted th

64、at some scientists used to think unknown areas of the genome contained junk. But he said he never thought that way. Some of us always believed there was gold in those hills, he told the AP. That means he always believed they werevaluable. Eichler said some of the unknown areas included many importan

65、t genes.(548 words) 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：1. When was the effort of sequencing of a complete human genome finished? A. In 2003 B. In 2013 C. In 2021 D. In 20222. How much information was not included in the genetic map twenty years ago? A. 6%B. 8% C.10% D. 23%3. Why did the past errors happen? A.Because the

66、 scientists didnt examine the report. B. Because the genomes have developed since then. C. Because the technology was not good enough at the time. D. Its not mentioned in the report.4. Which is described as the building blocksof life in the report?A. the genesB. the base pairs C. the proteins D. the

67、 genome5. Which statement istrueabout the genomes in human life? A. The human genome is made up of about 3.1 billion DNA cells. B. It is estimated that 23 millions base pairs make up the human genome. C. Each chromosome contains hundreds to thousands of genes. D.Unknown areas of the genome contained junk.答案：DDDAB答案：1B 2D 3D 4C 5C答案：1C 2D 3D 4B 5D答案：1A 2D 3A 4A 5C答案：1C 2B 3C 4C 5C