Unit 1 第2课时 Reading(教师版).docx
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1、Unit 1 Past and present第2课时 Reading1. New words and phrases: since, ever, northern, married, wife, block, since, over, pollution, factory, waste, realize, improve, situation, however, impossible, before, lonely, anyway, husband, interview, turn into , in some ways, from time to time, all ones life2.
2、 New structures: Do you know Sunshine Town very well, Mr Chen?1. Ive lived here since I was born.2. Has the town changed a lot over the years?3. Now the government has turned part of the town into a new park.4. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.5. Now I feel a bit
3、lonely from time to time.重难单词与词形(性)变换1recent(adj.)最近的,近来的.recently (adv.)近来,最近2north(n.)北,北方northern (adj.)北方的,北部的3marry(vi.&vt.)结婚,嫁,娶married (过去式/过去分词)marriage (n.)婚姻married (adj.)已婚的,结婚的4wife(n.)妻子wives (复数)husband (对应词)丈夫5pollute(vt.)污染pollution (n.)污染;污染物6factory(n.)工厂factories (复数)7realize(vt.
4、&vi.)意识到;实现realization (n.)认识;领悟8impossible(adj.)不可能的possible (反义词)可能的possibility (n.)可能性9interview(vt.)采访;面试(n.)采访;会见interviewer (n.)采访者10.废料;废品waste 11.改进,改善improve 12.形势,情况situation 13.尽管,即使这样anyway14.自以来since 15曾经ever 16.街区block 17.在期间over 18.污染;污染物pollution 经典短语默写1.对很了解know.very well 2.在镇子的北部in
5、 the northern part of town 3.搬到两个街区外move two blocks away 4.自从那时起since then 5.变化很大change a lot 6.在这几年里over the years 7.把变成turn.into.8.意识到这个问题realize the problem 9.改善现状improve the situation 10.在某些方面in some ways 11.打牌play cards 12.下中国象棋play Chinese chess 13.感觉有点孤独feel a bit lonely 14.有时from time to tim
6、e 15.令人新奇的变化the amazing changes 16.在某人的一生中all ones life 17.在过去的世纪里over the past century 18.往返进入镇子travel to and from the town 19.另外一个巨大的变化another big change 重难句型过关1.公共汽车上总是有太多的人,并且要花很长一段时间等下一班车。There were alwaystoo many people on the bus, and ittooka long timeto wait forthe next one. 2.现在政府已经把镇中心的一部分
7、变成了一个新公园。Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park. 3.之后,政府意识到了这个问题并采取行动改善了这种情况。Later the government realized the problemand took action to improve the situation. 4.对我们来说,要像以前一样频繁地见面已经变得不可能了。It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before. 5.我们过去一起打牌,
8、下中国象棋。We used to play cards and Chinese chess together. 6.过去这个镇子是什么样子的?What was the town like in the past? 7.我们主要通过电子邮件交流。We mainly communicate by email. 8.网络使交流更简单了。The Internet makes communication much easier. 9.快速习惯生活的变化是不容易的。It is not easy to get used to the changes of life quickly. 【经典句型重现一】Wel
9、l, there always too many people on the bus. 嗯,那时在公共汽车上总是有太多人。【考点】too many:“太多”。【易混辨析】too many/too much/much tootoo many:“太多的”,后接可数名词复数。too much:“太多的”,后接不可数名词。much too:“太”,后接形容词或副词。【牛刀小试】(1)Dont go out. Its raining and there is _ water on the ground. Atoo manyBmany tooCtoo muchDmuch too【答案】C【详解】句意:不要
10、出去。正在下雨,地上的水太多了。考查形容词短语。too many太多,修饰可数名词复数;too much太多,修饰不可数名词;much too太,修饰形容词或副词。此处修饰不可数名词water用too much。故选C。(2)I have _ housework today, and some of it is _ difficult for me.Atoo many; much tooBtoo much; too manyCtoo many; too muchDtoo much; much too【答案】D【详解】句意:我有太多的家务了今天,其中一些对我来说很难。考查短语辨析。too man
11、y“太多”,后接可数名词复数;too much“许多”,后接不可数名词;much too“太”,后接形容词。由“housework”家务,不可数名词,可知,第一空应用too much;由“difficult”困难的,形容词,可知,第二空应用much too。故选D。【经典句型重现二】.and it took a long time to wait for the next one. 而且等下一班公共汽车要用很长时间。【考点】It takes/too (sb.) some time to do sth. “做某事花费(某人)多长时间”。【易混辨析】one/itone:指代上文提及的同类事物中的一
12、个。复数:ones。it:指代上文提到的同一个事物。复数:they。【牛刀小试】(1)Did you find your pencil-case this morning?No, I didnt find _, but Ive bought a new _.Ait, itBone, thatCit, oneDone, it【答案】C【详解】句意:你今天早上找到你的铅笔盒了吗?不,我没有找到,但我买了一个新的。考查代词辨析。one一个,同类不同物;it它,同类同物;that那。根据“I didnt find”可知此处指上文提到的铅笔盒,用it;根据“Ive bought a new”可知买了一个
13、新的铅笔盒,泛指同类中的一个,用one。故选C。(2)It takes me half an hour _ to school every morning.Ato walkingBwalkCto walkDwalking【答案】C【详解】句意:我每天早上步行去学校要花半个小时。考查It的固定句型。to walking介词+动名词;walk动词原形;to walk动词不定式;walking动名词/现在分词。根据“It takes me half an hourto school every morning.”可知此处是It的固定句型“It takes sb some time to do sth
14、”,意为“花了某人时间做某事”,空处应填动词不定式。故选C。【经典句型重现三】Ive lived here since I was born. 我自出生以来就一直住在这里。【考点】since:连词,“自以来”,引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。since then “从那时起”。since作介词,意为“自以来”,后接表示过去的时间点,主句用现在完成时:(1) since + 过去某个时间点(具体的年、月、日期、时刻等)。(2) since + 一段时间 + ago。(3) It is/has been + 一段时间 + since + 表示一般过去时的句子。【牛刀小试】(1)S
15、he _ the book _ last week.Ahas borrowed; forBhas kept; sinceChas borrowed; since【答案】B【详解】句意:她从上周起就一直保存着这本书。考查延续性动词。for+一段时间;since后接过去的时间点。“last week”是过去的时间点,第二空应填since,动词要用延续性动词,borrow是短暂性动词,对应的延续性动词是keep,故选B。(2)My parents _ in Hong Kong since ten years ago.AliveBlivedChave livedDhas lived【答案】C【详解】句
16、意:我父母十年前就住在香港了。考查现在完成时态。 since ten years ago是现在完成时的标志,主语My parents为复数,接have+过去分词。故选C。【经典句型重现四】Have you ever moved house? 你曾搬过家吗?【考点】ever:adv. “曾经”,用于现在完成时,一般用于一般疑问句和否定句,位于助动词后、实义动词前。ever用于疑问句时,答语如果表示否定,通常用never回答。【牛刀小试】(1)Mr. Liu, have you ever _ abroad?Yes, Ive _ Singapore once.Abeen; been toBgone;
17、 been inCbeen; gone to【答案】A【详解】句意:刘先生,你去过国外吗? 是的,我去过新加坡一次。考查动词时态辨析。have been to去过(已经回来),而have gone to表示“去了还未回来”。根据语境,第一空应为have been abroad,表曾经去过国外;第二个空,根据“Singapore once.”可知,去过新加坡一次,也用have been to。故选A。(2)Have you ever been to Sanya?Yes, I _ there once. Its a beautiful city.Ahave beenBhave goneChad b
18、eenDhad gone【答案】A【详解】句意:你去过三亚吗?是的,我去过那里一次。这是一个美丽的城市。考查时态。根据“Have you ever been to Sanya”以及“I.there once”可知此处表示去过那里,用现在完成时have been to“去过(已经回来)”,而have gone to表示“去了还未回来”。故选A。【经典句型重现五】I first lived in the northern part of town with my parents. 我最初和我的父母一起住在城镇的北部。【考点】northern:adj. “北方的”。 in the northern
19、part of “在的北部”。north n. “北方;北部”。【易混辨析】方位介词in/on/to:表示两地的包含关系,用in;表示两地接壤,用on;表示两地有距离间隔,用to。【牛刀小试】(1)Hong Kong is _ the south of China and Japan is _ the east of China.Ain; onBto; onCin; to【答案】C【详解】句意:香港位于中国南部,日本位于中国以东。考查方位介词。in,on,to是三个表示方位时经常使用的介词。当有参照物时,这三个词的区别是:in表示在参照物内部;on表示与参照物接壤 (紧挨着);to表示在参照物
20、之外 (没有紧挨着)。香港在中国内部,选择介词in;日本和中国相互独立且不接壤,选择介词to。故选C。(2)Jinghai is _ the southwest of Tianjin, and it is _ the west of Japan.Ain; inBon; toCto; inDin; to【答案】D【详解】句意:静海在天津的西南部,在日本的西面。考查方位介词。 in表示在参照物的内部;on表示与参照物接壤(紧接);to表示在参照物之外。根据“Jinghai is . the southwest of Tianjin”可知,静海属于天津的内部,空一处用in;不属于日本且不相接,空二用
21、介词to。故选D。【经典句型重现六】When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this area since then. 当我1965年结婚时,我和我妻子搬到了两个街区以外,此后我们一直住在这里。【考点】married:adj. “结了婚的;已婚的”。get married:“结婚”,强调动作,不能延续。 get married to sb. “与某人结婚”。be married:“结婚”,强调状态,可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 be married to sb. “和结婚
22、”marry vt. “嫁;娶;同结婚”。 marry sb. to sb. “把某人嫁给某人;使某人娶某人”。【牛刀小试】(1)Miss Chen _ her husband six months ago.Amarried toBmarriedCmarried withDgot married【答案】B【详解】句意:陈小姐六个月前嫁给了她的丈夫。考查动词的用法。marry sb.“与某人结婚”;marry to sb.“嫁给某人”;get married“结婚”,强调动作。根据“Miss Chen . her husband six months ago.”可知,此处指陈小姐六个月前与她的丈
23、夫成婚,应用married。故选B。(2)Jack _ Rose in 2000. That is to say, they _ for nearly 23 years.Agot married with; have got marriedBgot married to; have marriedCmarried; have been marriedDmarried to; have been married【答案】C【详解】句意:杰克于2000年与罗斯结婚。也就是说,他们已经结婚将近23年了。考查动词时态。marry sb/get married to sb“与某人结婚”,根据“in 200
24、0”可知,第一句是一般过去时,动词用过去式;“for+一段时间”要与现在完成时连用,且动词要用延续性动词,be married是延续性动词,故选C。【经典句型重现七】Has the town changed a lot over the years? 近几年间这个城镇变化大吗?【考点】over:prep. “在期间”= during = throughout作介词,“在上边;覆盖”。作介词,“遍及”= in every part of。作介词,“超过,多于”= more than。【牛刀小试】(1)Yancheng is developing so fast. Quite right! It
25、_ a lot over the years.AchangesBchangedCwas changingDhas changed【答案】D【详解】句意:盐城发展得真快。完全正确!这几年发生了很多变化。考查现在完成时。根据“over the years.”可知此处表达“这些年一直在发生变化”,应用现在完成时have/has done。故选D。(2)The air in Xuzhou is much fresher than before.Exactly! We _ a large number of trees over the years.AplantedBwere plantingChave
26、 plantedDwill plant【答案】C【详解】句意:徐州的空气比以前更清新。确实如此!这些年来我们种了大量的树。考查时态。plant“种植”,根据“over the years”可知,此处用现在完成时,故选C。【经典句型重现八】Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park. 现在政府已经把城镇中心的一部分改建成了一个新公园。【考点】turn.into. “把变成”turn into “变成,变为,抓变成”turn:系动词,“变得”;名词,“轮流,依次”。 take turns “轮流”【牛刀
27、小试】(1)Now, this small village_ a big modern city.Ais turning intoBturns intoChas turned intoDturned into【答案】C【详解】试题分析:句意:现在这个小村庄已经变成了一个现代化的大城市。此处考查现在完成时,强调结果和影响,故选C。考点:考查现在完成时。(2)It used to be a very old store, but last month it was _ a tea house.Aregarded asBturned intoCcompared withDfilled with【答案
28、】B【详解】句意:这曾经是一家非常古老的商店,但是上个月它被改成了茶馆。考查动词短语。be regarded as被认为;be turned into被转化为,被改成;be compared with与相比;be filled with充满。根据“used to be a very old store”和“ a tea house”可知,应是以前是商店,上个月变成了茶馆,故选B。【经典句型重现九】Was pollution a problem then? 那时污染是一个问题吗?【考点】pollution:不可数名词. “污染”。 make pollution “产生/制造污染”。water p
29、ollution “水污染”; noise pollution “噪音污染”; air pollution “空气污染”pollute vt. “污染”polluted adj. “受污染的”problem:n. “问题;难题”。【易混辨析】problem/questionproblem:着重指难以解决的“问题”。 solve the problem question:指提出并有待回答的“问题”。 ask/answer the question【牛刀小试】(1)If _ people drive cars, there will be _ air pollution.Yes, I agree
30、with you.Aless; fewerBfewer; lessCfewer; fewer【答案】B【详解】句意:如果开车的人少一点,空气污染就会少一点。是的,我同意你的看法。考查形容词辨析。less更少,修饰不可数名词;fewer更少,修饰可数名词复数。第一个空,people是可数名词,所以要用fewer来填空;第二个空,pollution是不可数名词,所以要用less来填空。故选B。(2)The_now is that we have lots of_ to ask.Aproblem; questionsBquestion; problemsCproblem; problemsDques
31、tion; questions【答案】A【详解】句意:现在问题是我们有很多问题要问。考查名词辨析。problem指说话者认为难以解决的问题,它与动词solve搭配;而question指说话者需要寻找答案的问题,它常与动词ask或answer连用,第一个问题用problem,排除BD;第二个是要问的问题用question,lots of修饰可数名词复数。故选A。【经典句型重现十】They often put the waste into the river. 他们经常把废物排入河中。【考点一】put.into. “把放进”。put相关短语:put on “穿上,戴上”;“上演”put out “
32、扑灭”put up “举起”;“张贴”;“搭建”put off “推迟”put down “放下”;“记下”put away “放好,收好”【考点二】waste:不可数名词,“废料,废品”。作不可数名词,“浪费”。 a waste of.作形容词,“无用的,废弃的”。作动词,“浪费”。 waste money “浪费钱”。【牛刀小试】(1)People should stop _ rubbish _ the sea.Ato put; intoBputting; intoCputting; onDto put; on【答案】B【详解】句意:人们应该停止向海里扔垃圾。考察动名词作宾语。第一空,短语
33、“停止做某事”英文表达为stop doing,动名词作宾语;第二空,根据“the sea”,可知介词用into。故选B。(2) Sir, you must _ your cigarette. The sign says “No smoking”. Sorry, I didnt see it just now.Aput inBput upCput outDput on【答案】C【详解】句意:先生,你必须熄灭你的烟。标识说了“禁止吸烟”。对不起,我刚刚没有看到。考查动词短语词义辨析。put in投入;put up张贴;put out扑灭,熄灭;put on增重。根据标识“禁止吸烟”可知,这里不能吸
34、烟,所以必须要把烟熄灭。故选C。【经典句型重现十一】Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation. 后来政府意识到了这个问题并采取措施改善了情况。【考点】realize:vt. “意识到”;“实现,使成为现实”。take action:“采取行动”。 take action to do sth. “采取行动做某事”。improve:vt. “改进,改善”。improve in sth. “在某方面好转”。improvement n.“提高,改进”【牛刀小试】(1)Its ti
35、me for people to _ to protect animals.Atake actionBcatch actionCtake actsDcatch acts【答案】A【详解】句意:现在是人们采取行动保护动物的时候了。考查固定用法。根据句意可知,句子考查take action to do sth“采取行动做某事”。故选A。(2)More and more teenagers have poor eyesight, so parents and teachers should take actions _ the situation from getting worse.AstopBs
36、toppingCstoppedDto stop【答案】D【详解】句意:越来越多的青少年视力很差,因此父母和老师们应该采取行动来阻止情况变得更差。考查动词不定式。stop动词原形;stopping动名词;stopped动词的过去式;to stop动词不定式。此处表达“采取行动做某事”用动词短语take actions to do,此处用动词不定式to stop。故选D。【经典句型重现十二】Now the river is much cleaner. 现在这条河干净多了。【考点】much cleaner:“干净得多”。修饰比较级的词:much;a little/a bit;even【牛刀小试】(1
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2019届人教A版数学必修二同步课后篇巩固探究:2-1-1 平面 WORD版含解析.docx
