UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION（同步练习）-高中英语人教版（2019）·选择性必修第四册 WORD版含解析.docx

1、UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AA Guide to Botany: Online Botanical Painting SessionOur Guide to Botany class is back online! Join us for this unique lecture and Botanical Painting session (课)!This lecture and all

2、our classes are now “pay what you can”. We suggest a donation of 8 but if you are having a tough time with money, even 5 is still amazing, or please feel free to consider this one on the house.Drawing from both the rich history of female Botanical Art, as well as the inspiring stories of women botan

3、ical explorers, this class will be a great opportunity to immerse (沉浸) yourself in the work of artists such as Maria Sybilla Merian, Marianne North, Rachel Ruysch and others!The session will include a short lecture during which you will be able to make quick sketches (素描) if you choose from your own

4、 collections of plants, leaves and flowers, and then students will be guided through some basic watercolour techniques and exercises.Materials:You will need a variety of plants, flowers, leaves or dried flowers to work from! You dont need too many, just enough to make an interesting arrangement, but

5、 if youre really caught short, just one or two houseplants will be fine.WatercoloursA variety of brushes, from mop-headed to thin detail brushesWatercolour paperDate and Time:Friday, 22 January 2021 13:30-15:30 Thursday, 25 February 2021 14:30-16:30Location:Online event21. What can you learn from th

6、e class?A. How to plant flowers.B. Basic watercolour techniques.C. Basic knowledge of garden design.D. How to make artworks with dried leaves.22. What should students take to the class?A. A donation certificate.B. A variety of drawing tools.C. A collection of female statues.D. A history book of Bota

7、nical Art.23. What can be learned about the class?A. It is delivered online.B. It costs 8 per class.C. It is held weekly on weekends.D. It is aimed particularly at botanists.BI was 13 or 14. It was summer. We lived in an old house with no screens on the window in the attic (阁楼), where my sister and

8、I slept in the same bed. While thinking about how I might escape, I leaned sideways, and my hand landed on a floorboard that popped up (突然爆开) and almost hit me in the head. When I looked inside the open space, I could not believe my eyes: There was gold in there! I picked up a handful of gold cubes

9、(方块) and ran to the bottom stair and yelled,“MamaI found gold up here under the floor!” Mama simply said, “Chile, thats insulation. Now put it all back.”When I reached inside, my hand touched what felt like a book. I pulled it out. It wasBartletts Familiar Quotations.And since I was bored, I decided

10、 to see what was inside this book.On the top left- and right-hand corners of each page was a word or phrase. I opened it to “comfort” and then “comfort and despair,” and then farther down was “comfortable.” I remembered “Doubt” “Peace” “Hope and Hopeful.” I had discovered that I was not alone in som

11、e of the things I felt and thought: What does grief feel like? What is the value and power of dreams?In ninth grade, I got my first job, as a page at our local library. I often hid in the ladies room, where no one would see me, and I would read. It was at this library that I realized how some of tho

12、se emotions Id felt while readingBartlettscame to life in the characters I had started discovering in novels.When I went to college,Bartlettscame with me. Over the years, Ive kept my original copy, and to this day I often refer to it. I have bought a few of the newer editions, but the first one is t

13、he one that helped me see more than what my young mind was able to understand.24. Why did the author shout?A. She hurt herself in the head.B. She had a quarrel with her sister.C. She found something under a floorboard.D. She failed to get the gold out of the attic.25. What is paragraph 3 mainly abou

14、t?A. What the value of dreams is.B. How different words relate to each other.C. How the authors life was in her childhood.D. What the author learned from the book she found.26. What can we learn about the author when she went to college?A. She met Bartlett in real life.B. She got her first job at th

15、e local library.C. She seldom referred to the books she read before.D. She keptBartlettsas one of her greatest treasures.27. What is the authors purpose of writing this text?A. To introduce a famous book.B. To show the importance of libraries.C. To tell readers how a book changed her life.D. To expl

16、ain how she became a best-selling writer.CThe US Ambassador to the UK officially launched a ship namedMayfloweron Wednesday, 400 years to the day after a wooden ship with that name sailed from an English port and changed the history of two continents.Unlike the merchant ship that carried a group of

17、European settlers to a new life across theAtlantic Oceanin 1620, the newMayflowernamed by US Ambassador Robert Wood Johnson has no crew or passengers. It will cross the sea powered by sun and wind, and controlled by artificial intelligence (AI).Johnson said the high-tech ship, developed jointly by B

18、ritish-based research organization ProMare andUStech giant IBM, showed that “the pioneering spirit of theMayflowerreally lives on”. “Were heading out with the same spirit of adventure and determination and hope for the future as the original colonists (殖民者),”said Johnson.Like theMayflowerin 1620, th

19、e new ship will travel fromPlymouth,England, toPlymouth,Massachusetts. The ships launch in Plymouth is one of severalMayflowercommemorations.They involve British, Americans and Dutch institutions many of the 17th-century colonists had left England for Holland before the voyage and the Wampanoag peop

20、le, who had lived for thousands of years in what is now New England. In 1620, the Wampanoag helped the exhaustedMayflowersettlers survive their first winter. But soon colonial expansion and new diseases were having a big impact onNorth Americas Native Indians. Wampanoag stories have been marginalize

21、d (使边缘化) on pastMayfloweranniversaries (周年纪念), but they are playing a big part in events and exhibitions this time around. “The story of theMayfloweris one that really cant be told without telling also the story of the Wampanoag,” said Paula Peters, a Wampanoag writer.The Mayflower Autonomous Ship i

22、s intended to explore parts of oceans too difficult or dangerous for people to reach. Andy Stanford-Clark, Chief Technology Officer for IBM in theUKandIreland, said the ships launch “is a very exciting stage of the journey toward crewless shipping” that could pave the way for AI-driven commercial sh

23、ips and research ships.The 50-foot ship will go through six months of sea trials and make short trips before setting out on its trans-Atlantic trip to measure ocean health: assessing the impact of climate change, measuring micro-plastic pollution and studying populations of whales and dolphins.28. W

24、hat do we know about the new Mayflower?A. It is a wooden ship.B. It is powered by clean energy.C. It will carry a large load of goods.D. It will carry a small number of passengers.29. What does the new Mayflower represent according to Johnson?A. The sufferings of the British people in history.B. The

25、 friendship between the US and the UK.C. The long-lasting bravery of humankind.D. The development of high technology.30. What change can the launch of the new Mayflower bring?A. It will seek help for Native Americans.B. It will bring Wampanoag stories to light.C. It will encourage more and more sea

26、exploration.D. It will help describe the colonists journey in detail.31. What is the practical use of the new Mayflower?A. It can protect commercial ships.B. It can carry out certain surveys.C. It can save animals stuck in water.D. It can get rid of underwater dangers.DIn the summer of 2010, the NOA

27、A Ship Okeanos Explorer started its voyage of exploration. The expedition was the combination of a long planning effort that involved high-level science, and technical leadership in the U.S. and Indonesia. Indonesias land and shallow seas are rich with a diversity of marine life. What particularly i

28、ntrigued (引发) the interests of both U.S. and Indonesian ocean scientists was to find out if Indonesias deep seas, which are nearly unexplored, are really biologically diverse. The scientists worked out an exploration plan that they believed offered a high probability of finding never-before-seen eco

29、systems in the deep seas.The expedition planning began with highly skilled mapping technicians working closely with the scientists to create a map of the area of interest. Using this map, the team could pick targets where active volcanoes were likely to be encountered. Once Okeanos Explorer reached

30、the targets, her sonar (声呐) mapping system was used to create more detailed maps of the exploration areas.Once the map was completed, volcanic features were identified by the science team. The second stage of exploration consisted of steaming slowly over the areas. At the same time, a sensor package

31、 was repeatedly lowered and raised. Operated by a technician on the ship, the sensor provided real-time data that revealed whether or not there were heat and chemical plumes (羽流) in the water column.The third and final step of the exploration was then to use a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to star

32、t a near-bottom visual search for active venting (喷发). The ROV, Little Hercules, which was made state-of-the-art for this expedition, produced impressive HD video imagery of both the geology and biology of the dive sites after returning.Despite all the technologies and methods, theres more to explor

33、e. It is through exploration that we obtain our fundamental knowledge and basic understanding of things and places previously unknown to us.32. What is the purpose of the expedition mentioned in paragraph 1?A. To promote the exchange between the U.S. and Indonesia.B. To make a huge profit from explo

34、ring the Indonesian ocean.C. To find out about the ecosystems of the Indonesian deep seas.D. To raise public awareness of protecting the Indonesian deep seas.33. What was the first step of the expedition planning?A. Picking out the positions of active volcanoes.B. Working out a map of the exploratio

35、n area.C. Getting a rough idea of the exploration targets.D. Identifying volcanic features by sonar systems.34. What can we learn about Little Hercules?A. It was part of the sensor package.B. It was specifically designed for this expedition.C. It should be operated by a technician on the ship.D. It

36、aimed to collect data about heat and chemical plumes.35. Which of the following shows the organization of the text?A.B.C.D.(P= Paragraph)第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In 1999, journalist Nicholas D. Kristof reported a surprising encounter on a tiny African island

37、. Here, Kristof met a number of elderly men who told him that they were descendants of Chinese sailors many centuries ago. Their ancestors had traded with local Africans, who had given them giraffes to take back toChina.36Six centuries ago, a large number of Chinese ships crossed the sea, then trave

38、lled west toEast Africa.37These seven great expeditions brought a vast web of trading links under Chinese government control.38Most of the trading involved spices (香料), wood, and medicines. Zheng He brought them back to the capital. Although these goods were mainly presented to the emperor for his c

39、onsumption and disposal, foreign ambassadors who came toChinawere permitted to trade with locals in the capital for handsome profits, which also allowed ordinary Chinese to benefit from international trade.39Inthe regions they visited, Zheng He and his fleet (船队) remained a long-lasting theme in pop

40、ular Southeast Asia folk tales. Two surviving records of the expeditions provide detailed accounts of unique Chinese navigation technologies of the time, leaving Chinese rich maritime legacy (遗产) to later generations.However, the Chinese expedition never sought to establish colonial rule over these

41、oceans by military force.40Chinas maritime dominance disappeared suddenly in the 1430s because of domestic changes, and the overseas expeditions were eventually ended by the court. All this happened only decades prior to the occurrence of the great age of European discovery and exploration.A. Seven

42、times, the treasure fleets set off for the unknown.B. Zheng Hes great voyage started at the port of Nanjing.C. Aside from the economic impact, there was more cultural print.D. The actual economic impact of the expedition was difficult to evaluate.E. Zheng He traded Chinas products for foreign luxuri

43、es and daily products.F. It was intended to facilitate international and trade relationships with others.G. If its true, this remote village is evidence of an astonishing episode of maritime exploration in China.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Despite

44、 the fact that the ocean plays a role in everything from the air we breathe to daily weather and climate patterns, we know very little about our ocean. And, most of our41of the ocean lies in shallower waters. Deeper waters remain a42even though we are relying more and more on these areas for food, e

45、nergy, and other resources.Ocean exploration is about making discoveries,43things that are unusual and unexpected. Such searches, however, are not done randomly (随意地)44finding something new. They are disciplined and45and include rigorous (细致的) observations and documentation of biological, chemical,

46、physical, geological, and archaeological aspects of the ocean.Findings made through ocean exploration are fundamental to reducing46indeep-ocean areas and providing the high-value environmental intelligence needed to47both current and emerging science and management needs. Exploration helps to ensure

47、 that ocean resources are not48managed, but managed well, so those resources are around for future generations to49.Information from ocean exploration is50to everyone. Unlocking the mysteries of deep-sea ecosystems can51new sources for medical drugs, food, energy, and other products. Information fro

48、m deep-ocean exploration can help predict earthquakes and tsunamis and help us understand how we are52and being affected by changes in Earths environment.Ocean exploration can improve ocean literacy (认识) and53young people to seek careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The chal

49、lenges of54the deep ocean can provide the basis for technology and engineering innovations that can be55inother situations.41. A. discussionB. knowledgeC. decisionD. judgment42. A. task B. businessC. mystery D. headache43. A. searching forB. giving upC. picking out D. taking on44. A. in case of B. i

50、n hopes ofC. in need of D. in terms of45. A. developed B. balancedC. connected D. organized46. A. pollutants B. activitiesC. unknowns D. emissions47. A. remove B. addressC. reflect D. emphasize48. A. ever B. alreadyC. just D. even49. A. enjoy B. chooseC. waste D. change50. A. necessary B. practical

51、C. complex D. important51. A. prove B. narrow C. overlook D. reveal52. A. affecting B. protectingC. respecting D. improving53. A. allow B. inviteC. require D. inspire54. A. monitoring B. measuringC. exploring D. facing55. A. checkedB. appliedC. designed D. stimulated第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空

52、白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Oceanography (海洋学) is a science combining the fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and engineering to explore the ocean. The era of oceanographic studies 56. _ (begin) with the H.M.S. Challenger Expedition, 57. _ first voyage to collect data related to ocean temperatures, cu

53、rrents, marine life, and seafloor geography.Modern oceanography did not begin until the early 1940s, 58. _ the U.S. Navy wanted to learn more about the oceans 59. _ (gain) advantages in warfare. Today, more advanced technologies like water column samplers (水柱采样器) 60. _ (use) to monitor sea surface c

54、onditions and water quality factors.With 61. _ (safe), cost, and efficiency as top priorities (当务之急), the manner in which ocean and space exploration have progressed continues to develop. Advances in remote sensing, satellite communication, including live video feeds have helped a lot, 62. _ (allow)

55、 experts from across the globe to connect and share information in real time.Despite all of these 63. _ (technology) advances, there is still so much more to learn and explore. An interesting point to consider about future exploration comes from Dr. Robert Ballard: “The generation of kids in middle

56、schools right now will explore more of Earth 64. _ everyone thats been on this planet before 65. _ (they).”第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）最近，你校同学正在参加校英文报组织的一场主题为“是否应该限制对海洋的开发”的讨论，以下是你所在班级的讨论情况。请你用英语写一篇短文，反映讨论结果。应该1.海洋资源开发技术不成熟，造成资源的严重破坏；2.过度开发造成了海洋环境及生态系统的破坏。不应该1.陆地资源严重匮乏；2.开发海洋资源有助于推动经济发展。你的观点注意：写作词数应为

57、80左右。_第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mum was in a hurry as usual, but as she rushed them down the street, Magnus and Mina couldnt resist peeking (偷看) through the window of the pet shop on the corner.“Mum, are you SURE we cant have a pet?” Mina asked. “NO! Daddy is allergic to cats an

58、d dogs!” said Mum.Five minutes later, they were outside Magnus and Minas grandads place an old repair garage on a road just off the high street. Grandad had retired, but he lived in the flat above and kept the workshop for his hobby: fixing up old cars!Mum used her key to open the door and they went

59、 inside. An old car was in the middle of the floor. Then they heard a sound from somewhere under the car. “Whos there? Is that you, M and M?” Grandad Erics head appeared from behind the car. He smiled when he saw them, and wiped his greasy (沾油污的) face with an old cloth.“Hello kids!”Mum was moving to

60、wards the door of the garage. “Thank you for taking the kids for the weekend, Dad something came up and I have to go away for work!” Grandad just smiled. “No problem at all, sweetie!”Once Mum had left, Magnus and Mina had a good look around. Mina was excited. At school she had taken a technology and

61、 design course where they had learned how to design and build simple robots, and she wanted to make one of her own. She shouted over to Grandad, “Grandad, can we use some of these spare bits over here? I promise we wont make a mess!” Grandad replied, “Of course, but be careful!”“Do you have a plan,

62、sister?” Magnus looked at his sister. “I sure do! Mum said we couldnt get a pet, but she didnt say that we couldnt make one!” Magnuss eyes widened. “A robot pet?” “Yeah, a dog-cat,” replied Mina. “Brilliant! You build it, and I can program it!” said Magnus.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Before lon

63、g, Mina finished and Magnus and Mina admired the work. _Grandad Eric came over to see the dog-cat and collected the turned-off robot. _参考答案听力(略)21-25 BBACD 26-30 DCBCB31-35 BCBBA 36-40 GAECF 41-45 BCABD46-50 CBCAD 51-55 DADCB56. began 57. the 58. when59. to gain60. are used 61. safety62. allowing 63

64、. technological64. than65. them写作第一节One possible version:We had a discussion about whether sea exploration should be limited and our opinions are divided.Most of us think it should be limited. First, the technology of developing marine resources isnt mature enough, causing serious destruction and wa

65、ste of marine resources. Second, overexploitation has caused great damage to the marine environment and ecosystem.However, those who hold the opposite opinion think there is a serious shortage of resources on the earth, making it necessary to explore the sea and find new resources, which will drive

66、economic development.In my opinion, we should continue sea exploration on condition that we take measures to protect the sea.第二节One possible version:Before long, Mina finished and Magnus and Mina admired the work.It wasnt very pretty. Maybe it had some problems, but it wasnt bad for a first robot! “

67、Now its your turn, Magnus!” Mina said to her brother. “Program it to act like a real dog-cat!” Magnus pulled out his computer and started to work. He programmed and reprogrammed, and finally, the dog-cat began to move around. The kids were extremely excited. Suddenly, the robot turned off.Grandad Er

68、ic came over to see the dog-cat and collected the turned-off robot.“You kids made something amazing, but you didnt think it through!” He patted the creatures heads. “You wanted to make it behave like cats and dogs at the same time, so it got confused!” Mina and Magnus looked a bit embarrassed. “We d

69、idnt think about that,” said Magnus, and Mina added, “We got too excited.” Grandad Eric smiled. “We can reprogram your new pet and teach it one thing at a time, to make sure it is happy and knows how to behave properly!” Magnus and Mina nodded and said, “Thanks Grandad!”部分解析阅读第一节A篇主题语境：人与自我生活与学习本文是应

70、用文。文章介绍了一个植物水彩画网络课程。21. B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的students will be guided through some basic watercolour techniques可知，从这个课程中学生可以学到水彩画技巧。22. B。细节理解题。根据Materials部分中提到的一些作画工具如：植物、干花、叶子、水彩颜料、毛笔和水彩画纸可知，学生上这门课需携带各种作画工具。23. A。细节理解题。根据标题中的Online，第一段中的Our Guide to Botany class is back online!以及Location部分中的Online event可

71、知，该课程是网上授课。B篇主题语境：人与社会文学本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在阁楼地板下发现的一本书改变了自己一生的故事。24. C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的When I looked inside the open space . There was gold in there! I . ran to the bottom stair and yelled可知，作者叫喊是因为她在地板下面发现了一些东西。25. D。段落大意题。根据第三段中的I opened it to“comfort”and then“comfort and despair,”. I remembered“Doubt.”“

72、Peace.”. I had discovered .可知，第三段主要讲述了作者从自己所发现的书中学到的东西。26. D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的When I went to college, Bartletts came with me . to this day I often refer to it可知，作者上大学后一直保存着在地板下发现的那本书，常常翻阅它，由此可知，作者很珍视这本书。27. C。写作目的题。结合全文可知，作者写此文是为了讲述她从阁楼地板下发现了一本书之后，从书中得到启迪，并开始爱上读书，从而改变人生的故事。C篇主题语境：人与社会科学与技术本文是新闻报道。AI船长“

73、重走”“五月花号”路线！无人驾驶船将横跨大西洋。28. B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的It will cross the sea powered by sun and wind, and controlled by artificial intelligence (AI)可知，新型“五月花号”动力为清洁能源。29. C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的showed that“the pioneering spirit of the Mayflower really lives on”.“Were heading out with the same spirit of adventure and de

74、termination and hope for the future .”可知，新型“五月花号”代表的是人类无畏的探索精神。30. B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的Wampanoag stories have been marginalized on past Mayflower anniversaries, but they are playing a big part in events and exhibitions this time around可知，万帕诺亚格人的故事在以往的纪念活动中无人问津，而在这次“五月花号”的纪念活动中将扮演重大的角色。31. B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中

75、的its trans-Atlantic trip to measure ocean health: assessing the impact of climate change, measuring micro-plastic pollution and studying populations of whales and dolphins可知，新“五月花号”会做一些调查研究。D篇主题语境：人与社会科学与技术本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国“奥卡诺斯探索者号”探索之旅的步骤和相关技术。32. C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的What particularly intrigued the intere

76、sts of both U.S. and Indonesian ocean scientists was to find out if Indonesias deep seas, which are nearly unexplored, are really biologically diverse . of finding never-before-seen ecosystems in the deep seas可知，科学家此次探索的目的是想了解印度尼西亚深海的生态系统。33. B。细节理解题。首先定位题干所指段落，由第三段第二句提到的second stage可知，first step应在第

77、二段。由第二段的首句可知探索计划的第一步是绘制感兴趣区域的地图。34. B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的The ROV, Little Hercules, which was made state-of-the-art for this expedition可知，该设备是专门为此次深海探索设计的，故B项符合题意。35. A。篇章结构题。文章首段介绍本次探索的大致概况，科学家们制定了探索计划。第二、三、四段为并列段落，介绍探索计划的实施步骤。最后一段总结全文，尽管运用了先进的方法和技术，海洋探索仍无止境，我们要了解的还有很多。第二节主题语境：人与社会历史、社会和文化本文是说明文。文章介绍了郑和下西

78、洋的经济、文化和政治意义。36. G。根据后文讲述的有关郑和下西洋的事件可知，设空处应起到桥梁作用，将前文非洲小岛上的偶遇与郑和下西洋联系起来。G项符合此处语境。37. A。该段主要讲郑和的探索建立了许多贸易网。A项中的Seven times与后文中的These seven great expeditions构成原词复现，故选A项。38. E。设空处所在段落承接前文的贸易网络，继续介绍郑和下西洋对于贸易的影响。E项中的traded和后文中的trading构成原词复现。同时products也是对后文中的spices, wood, and medicines的概括。39. C。设空处承上启下。前文

79、提到的贸易是郑和带来的经济影响，后文中提到的对东南亚民间文学的影响及有关中国航海技术的记录等都是郑和下西洋留下的文化印记，故选C项。40. F。设空处承接前文，前文说到中国对于海洋的探索目的不是建立殖民统治，因此设空处应填与殖民统治相反的目的。F项表明中国的航海目的是建立良好的国际和贸易关系，符合语境。语言运用第一节主题语境：人与自然自然生态本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋探索的重要性。41. B。由上文中的we know very little about our ocean和下文中的lies in shallower waters可知，我们对于海洋知之甚少，而且我们对于海洋的大部分“知识（

80、knowledge）”都集中在浅水域。42. C。由上文中的we know very little about our ocean和most of our . lies in shallower waters以及第四段中的Unlocking the mysteries of deep-sea ecosystems可知，海洋的深水域依然是个“谜（mystery）”。43. A。由该空前的making discoveries和下文中的finding something new可知，海洋探索就是探索发现，“寻找（searching for）”不寻常的东西。44. B。由该段中的Such search

81、es, however, are not done randomly . finding something new可知，这样的搜寻不是随意地开展“以期（in hopes of）”能找到新的东西。45. D。由上文中的Such searches, however, are not done randomly和该空前的They are disciplined以及该空后的include rigorous observations and documentation可知，设空处需填一个与disciplined意义相近的词，D项“有组织的（organized）”符合语境。海洋探索是有纪律、有组织的活动

82、。46. C。由第一段中的we know very little about our ocean以及第四段中的Unlocking the mysteries of deep-sea ecosystems可知，海洋探索所取得的发现能帮助减少人类在深海区域的“未知的事物（unknowns）”。47. B。由该空前后的the high-value environmental intelligence和both current and emerging science and management needs可知，高价值的环保情报能帮助人类“解决（address）”当前和新兴的科学和管理的需求。48.

83、 C。由该空后的but managed well可知，海洋探索有助于确保海洋资源不“仅仅（just）”得到管理，而且得到很好的管理。49. A。由上文中的those resources are around for future generations可知，这些海洋资源可供子孙后代“享用（enjoy）”。50. D。由下文中的Unlocking the mysteries of deep-sea ecosystems can . new sources .和Information from deep-ocean exploration can help predict earthquakes

84、and tsunamis and help us understand . Earths environment可知，海洋探索获得的信息对每个人都很“重要（important）”。51. D。由该空前后的Unlocking the mysteries of deep-sea ecosystems和new sources for medical drugs, food, energy, and other products可知，解锁深海生态系统的奥秘可以为医疗药品、食品、能源和其它产品“提供（reveal）”新的来源。52. A。由该空后的and being affected by change

85、s in Earths environment可知，海洋探索获得的信息可以帮助我们理解我们是如何“影响（affecting）”地球的环境，同时又是如何被地球环境的变化影响着。53. D。由该空后的young people to seek careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics可知，海洋探索可以“激励（inspire）”年轻人从事科学、技术、工程和数学方面的事业。54. C。由文中多次出现的Ocean exploration可知，此处是指“探索（exploring）”深海所面临的挑战。55. B。由该空前的tech

86、nology and engineering innovations以及该空后的in other situations可知，此处指技术创新和工程创新可以“运用于（applied）”其它领域。第二节主题语境：人与社会科学与技术本文是说明文。文章简介了海洋学的历史和发展，并展望了该学科的未来。56. began。考查一般过去时。根据语境可知海洋学研究应开始于过去的某个时间，故填began。57. the。考查冠词。序数词前常用the，故填the。58. when。考查关系副词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the early 1940s，且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。59. to g

87、ain。考查动词不定式作状语。美国海军想了解更多关于海洋的知识以便在战争中取得优势，设空处在句中作目的状语，故填to gain。60. are used。考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据时间状语Today可知，设空处讲述的是目前海洋学所运用的技术，故用一般现在时；又因technologies和use之间是被动关系，故填are used。61. safety。考查名词。根据设空处并列词汇cost和efficiency可推断设空处应填名词形式，故填safety。62. allowing。考查动词-ing形式作状语。设空处在句中作结果状语，且Advances与allow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填allowing。63. technological。考查形容词。设空处修饰名词advances，故填形容词technological。64. than。考查介词。根据设空处前的The generation of kids . more of Earth及设空处后的everyone thats been .可知，此处是进行比较，故填than。65. them。考查代词。设空处作宾语，指代kids in middle schools，表示“他们”，故填them。