Unit 4 Integrated skills .docx

1、第12讲 选择性必修二Unit4 Integrated skills &Extended reading&Project目标任务课程标准学习目标围绕人与社会的主题语境，依托语篇，通过一系列英语学习活动，发展英语学科核心素养。1. 综合运用听、说、读、看、写的技能，完成语言技能融合的活动。2. 进行拓展阅读，通过观点表达等活动，进一步探究主题意义，获得对现代生活的新认识。和同学一起开展合作学习、探究学习，完成一项综合性、实践性活动。02预习导学（一）课前阅读：Making a time capsule（制作时间胶囊）Purpose of a time capsule：To provide a p

2、icture of (1) _what life was like_ at the time it was createdThings to be put in a time capsule： Almost anything A “letter to the future”Famous time capsules： In 1983, Steve Jobs donated (2) _the mouse_from his computer to be put in a time capsule, which was opened in (3) _2013_. A time capsule was

3、launched to (4) _the International Space Station_ in 2008. It contains a list of humanitys most important achievements and personal messages, as well as copies of the (5) _DNA_of famous people like Stephen Hawking.Anna is reading an introduction to the time capsule at the 1939 Worlds Fair. Read the

4、introduction below and answer the following questions. The 1939 Worlds Fair opened in New York on April30. The theme of the fair was “Building the World of Tomorrow”. One highlight of the fair was a time capsule with Albert Einsteins message to people 5,000 years in the future.The time capsule, buri

5、ed 50 feet below the ground in a park, was designed to be opened in the year 6939. It was filled with various objects that were intended to show what life was like in America at the time the capsule was created: a toothbrush, a fountain pen, a baseball, a toy car, a small camera, microfilm rolls rec

6、ording modern literature, contemporary art and news events of the 1930s, a variety of seeds including wheat, and many more. Albert Einstein wrote a message to future generations, which was put in the capsule. In his message, he wrote about the technological progress man had made:Our time is rich in

7、inventive minds, the inventions of which could make our lives considerably easier. We are crossing the seas by power and use power also in order to relieve humanity from all tiring muscular work. We have learned to fly and we are able to send messages and news without any difficulty over the entire

8、world through electric waves.However, his message was also colored by the dark times he lived in. He mentioned a few social problems before concluding that he believed future generations would read his message with “a feeling of proud and justified superiority”.请回答下面两个问题：问题1：What were the purpose an

9、d contents of the 1939 time capsule?It was designed to show the people living in the year 6939 what life was like in America at the time the capsule was created. It was filled with various objects including a toothbrush, a fountain pen, a baseball, a toy car, a small camera, microfilm rolls recordin

10、g modern literature, contemporary art and news events of the 1930s, a variety of seeds including wheat, and many more. 问题2：What was Einsteins message to future generations about? Why do you think he wrote the message with mixed feelings?It was about the technological progress man had made and he bel

11、ieved future generations would read his message with “a feeling of proud and justified superiority”. He felt a mixture of pride and worry probably because on the one hand, America had achieved many great things unimaginable to people in the past, but on the other hand, serious social were developing

12、 in his time.Susan, an industry-leading tech magazine editor, is interviewing Frank, an expert in virtual reality (VR). Read the interview transcript below.Susan: Frank, youve been working at the forefront of developments in virtual reality for many years. Can you tell us what virtual reality is and

13、 how it works?Frank: Of course. The basic definition of VR lies in the name itself, which means “reality that is not real”. When you wear a VR headset equipped with sensors and a screen, you are surrounded by three-D images, sounds and other sensory information, which creates a super-realistic effec

14、t called “presence”. Though you know the sensory information surrounding you is not real, part of your brain believes it isand acts accordingly.Susan: Thanks, Frank. Can you give some examples of the practical applications VR has?Frank: Id love to. There are a host of educational applications. Acade

15、mic VR enables students to interact with others in a three-D environment. There are endless possibilities for the subject matter that can be created in a VR system. Imagine studying the solar system or the human body in a fully immersive environment. By delivering the content in a meaningful way, th

16、is new approach to learning manages to engage students interest and enhance learning efficiency. The applications can be expanded to make it easier to visualize data such as engineering projects and a variety of other design developments. Its pretty exciting!Susan: This sounds like it has a lot of c

17、onstructive applications. What about its uses for highly developed technical industries such as medicine?Frank: Surgeons are already using robotic technology with VR to perform complex surgery. What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before

18、 attempting it on the patient? This technology can be applied to train new surgeons; it also enables experts to test new techniques safely before trying them on human subjects. Treatments of anxiety and drug addiction are other valuable and cost-effective applications of VR.Susan: That is amazing! I

19、t sounds like VR will be a life-changing technology as well as a life-saving one. How will it affect the different aspects of our everyday lives, such as entertainment, shopping and travelling?Frank: The entertainment industry is one of the most enthusiastic advocates of VR. Current game systems com

20、e with headsets so that players can enter virtual environments and play against either real or virtual opponents. It wont be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common. When shopping online, you can look forward to being able to have your own virtual reality clone

21、try on clothes and to see products with 360-degree views. Also, people who want to go on holiday will have the opportunity to take a virtual tour of several destinations before deciding where to go. In both of these cases, this technology will help people make more informed choices.Susan: I cant wai

22、t! However, as with any technology, there must be some barriers to the development of VR, I guess?Frank: It really boils down to three thingstime, cost and technical limitations. We will need time to develop and fine-tune the hardware and software. The initial cost will discourage most people in the

23、 beginning but that should be fixed over time. The last issue is our own technical limitations. Just trying to figure out how to do what we want in terms of technology will prove challenging in some areas. Susan: Considering there are so many challenges to deal with, are you still optimistic about t

24、he future of VR?Frank: Sure. When talking about VR, we should keep in mind its quick rate of evolution. The possibilities seem endless. For example, 5G technology, with its potential to serve up more stable mobile connectivity at faster speed, will make it possible for people to enjoy a more immersi

25、ve VR experience wherever they are. Indeed we are only limited by our imagination. What excites me the most is that young people today are digital citizens who are comfortable with technology. Theyre well equipped to become part of a technological generation that will develop and use VR to do things

26、 we might think impossible today. Susan: Thank you, Frank. It all sounds wonderful.任务1：Fill in the table with the information from the interview transcript.What VR is?It means “reality that is not real”.How it works？When you wear a VR headset equipped with sensors and a screen, you are surrounded by

27、 three-D images, sounds and other sensory information, which creates a super-realistic effect called “presence”. Though you know the sensory information surrounding you is not real, part of your brain believes it isand acts accordingly.Applications?There are a host of educational applications and co

28、nstructive applications. Treatments of anxiety and drug addiction are other valuable and cost-effective applications of VR. It also affects the different aspects of our everyday lives, such as entertainment, shopping and travellingBarriersIt really boils down to three thingstime, cost and technical

29、limitations. FutureFrank is still optimistic about the future of VR.任务2：What other applications of VR do you know about?Game field. At present, VR technology can be applied in the gaming field. VR technology was initially developed as a type of game, allowing players to experience more space and ope

30、rability in VR games. The high-quality virtual environment brings users a comprehensive sensory experience, allowing them to experience an immersive experience.任务3：What future development do you think VR will have?In my opinion, the technology will bring us a variety of VR experiences in different f

31、ields and it will bring more convenience in our daily lives.（二）基础梳理【知识梳理1】Delivery drones, as the name suggests, are used to deliver goods. At the moment, delivery drones are mainly used for military action and disaster relief, like the distribution of medicines during emergencies, especially to pla

32、ces that are hard to reach by other means of transport.deliver a speech 发表演讲 deliver a baby 生孩子 deliver goods 传送货物disaster relief 赈灾，灾难救援distribute .to. 分配，分发.【知识梳理2】It can be predicted that before long many people will be using drones to deliver daily supplies like food and drink. predict vt. 预测；预言

33、- prediction n. 预测，预言【知识梳理3】We can assume that .assume vt. 假设，想，认为 变形：assumption n.假设 【知识梳理4】 Whatever happens, well all be interacting with drones on a daily basis. Whatever= No matter what happens,.interact vi. 互动 interaction n. 互动【知识梳理5】There can be no denying that the technology will have a huge

34、 impact on everyday life.deny doing 否认做过。There is no denying that .= It can not be denied that .毋庸置疑.They strongly denied murdering the woman.There is no denying that the accident could have been prevented. 【知识梳理34】Despite all the wonderful functions that drones perform, they may also cause trouble.

35、Despite+句子= in spite of + n. 即使.perform vt. 执行，做【知识梳理6】Take air traffic for example. When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large quantities, the sky will get more and more crowded. As a result, they are more likely to crash into each other. take .for example以。为例set an example for sth

36、给。树立榜样辨析： a large quantity of +n./cn. 谓语取决于后面的名词是否可数large quantities +n./cn. 谓语永远用复数【知识梳理7】In addition, drones cause much trouble for airlines as some of them fly near airports, posing a threat to planes that are taking off or landing.辨析： in addition & in addition to .此外【知识梳理8】Another risk is that p

37、eople might take advantage of drones to harm others. For instance, as more people will be flying drones for photography in the future,some might spy on and take photographs of others without their knowledge. Illegal hunters might also use drones to track and kill animals.harm sth= be harmful to sth

38、= do harm to sth对。有害spy on 暗中监视，窥视。She felt that she was being spied on.track n. 小路， 小径； 鸟兽的足迹 vt. 跟踪【知识梳理9】Such issues must be addressed. The government needs to make laws to monitor the production and use of drones. For example, in some countries, a remote pilot licence is required in order to fly

39、 a drone for business purposes. address a problem/issue 解决问题monitor n. 班长， 显示器 vt. 监视【知识梳理10】One highlight of the fair was a time capsule with Albert Einsteins message to people 5,000 years in the future.highlight n. 最好，最精彩，最进动人心的部分 vt. 突出;强调The highlight of the performance was a short play performe

40、d by the clubThe report highlights the differences between the two education system.【知识梳理11】The time capsule, buried 50 feet below the ground in a park, was designed to be opened in the year 6939. It was filled with various objects that were intended to show what life was like in America at the time

41、 the capsule was created: a toothbrush, a fountain pen, a baseball, a toy car, a small camera, microfilm roll recording modern literature, contemporary art and news events of the 1930s, a variety of seeds including wheat, and many more.bury vt. 埋葬；埋头干We buried the bottle in the earth.be buried with=

42、be occupied with 忙于。be buried in doing sth-be occupied in doing sth 忙于做。【知识梳理12】We are crossing the seas by power and use power also in order to relieve humanity from all tiring muscular work.by power 用电 relieve sb from sth 使。从。中解除或者减缓。muscle n. 肌肉 muscular adj. 肌肉的；强壮的miracle n. 奇迹 miraculous adj.

43、奇迹般的【知识梳理13】youve been working at the forefront of developments in virtual reality for many years.at the forefront of处于最前列，进入重要地位（或主要地位） at/in/to the forefront (of sth) Women have always been at the forefront of the Green movement. 妇女总是在环境保护运动的最前列。【知识梳理14】The applications can be expanded to make it

44、easier to visualize data such as engineering projects and a variety of other design developments. visualize sth (as sth)使形象化；想象；构思；设想变形：vision n. 视野，想像， 见解，远见卓识 visual adj. 视力的Try to visualize him as an old man.尽量设想他是一位老人。I cant visualize what this room looked like before it was decorated.我想象不出这个房间在

45、装修之前是什么样【知识梳理15】This sounds like it has a lot of constructive applications.What about its uses for highly developed technical industries such as medicine?constructive applications 建设方面的运用【知识梳理16】Considering there are so many challenges to deal with, are you still optimistic about the future of VR?co

46、nsidering =providing/provided= Suppose /supposing =if 假设。Optimistic 乐观的-pessimistic 悲观的【知识梳理17】Does it annoy you to see cars blocking the road like weeds when you are travelling? Our new InstaTrip watch makes travel stress a thing of the past. You could be away from your busy life and travel to a fa

47、r distant land instantly-all you need to do is touch a few buttons.annoy vt. 使人恼怒，生气 变形： annoyed adj. 感到生气的 annoying adj.令人生气的 annoyance n. 生气，气愤【知识梳理18】Once you choose your destination, built-in sensors map your body and the latest transport technology takes you there in an instant .We guarantee th

48、at you will never have an unpleasant trip.Once （放在句首） 一旦。in an instant 一瞬间；时间较快guarantee v.保证【知识梳理19】All this technology does not come at the expense of fashion. We have designs for different ages, genders and occasions, so you will be the envy of all your friends wherever you go-from pubs to office

49、s. at the expense of 在牺牲或损害。的情况下He achieved success at the expense of his health.（三）预习作业暂时无预习的安排03探究提升环节一 变：短语填空build castles in the air, be capable of, to name but a few, on demand, break into, fall victim to, on the decrease, spy on, be buried in, conclude with1. When taking the train, passengers

50、must show their tickets _. 2. Just like _， this idea raised in the board meeting is totally impractical. 3. I hate to see you _ vanity. Be yourself, and you can be welcomed by others. 4. We must learn to better understand how our brains _ finding new solutions, whatever the situation is. 5. We had t

51、o _ the house as we had lost the key. 6. Lots of our friends are coming: Anne, Ken and George, _.7. The device can be used to steal personal and financial data，and _other users. 8. He _ his detective story again, believing he could make a great writer. 9. A local newspaper remarked that violent thin

52、gs were _. 10. Like the Olympics, the World Games begin with an opening ceremony and _ a closing ceremony. 【答案】1. on demand2. building castles in the air3. fall victim to4. are capable of5. break into6. to name but a few 7. spy on8. was buried in9. on the decrease10. conclude with 环节二 变：根据首字母或汉语提示填单

53、词1. The product that can be produced in large q_ is cheap.2. There is no d _that our country has made remarkable success in reducing extreme poverty.3.The blood samples are sent to the laboratory for a_4.Fortunately, the earthquake was p_20 seconds before its arrival at Wenchuan.5. Many vegetarians

54、are seeking a_ sources of nutrition to animal meat. 6.You have to b_ yourself in your studies if you want to pass the entrance examinations.7.At the very beginning, kids were having a hard time in school just because of the language b_.8.It is so a_ that a mosquito is flying around you when you try

55、to sleep.9.She felt light-hearted and o_, always happy with almost everything.10.Ive come to the c_ that hes not the right person for the job.11. He is now e_ in writing his second novel.12. The_(强烈的欲望) to survive drove them on.13.The satisfaction of knowing that my work will be on that mountainside

56、 for years to come is_ (巨大的).14.He had a terrible temper, and once _(威胁) to kill another child.15.The government is making efforts to ensure that educational resources are equally_ (分配)16.Our_(能力)for giving care, love and attention is limited.17.Today, as urban population explodes_ (全球地), cities bec

57、ome more crowded.18.The report_(强调)the major problems facing the society today.19. Neighbours by _(定义) live close by.20. In_ (实际的) terms, it means spending less.【答案】1. quantities 2. denying 3. analysis 4. predicted 5. alternative 6. bury 7. barrier 8. annoying 9. optimistic 10. conclusion 11. engage

58、d 12. urge 13. massive 14. threatened 15. distributed 16. capacity 17. globally 18. highlights 19. definition 20. practical环节三 变：单句语法填空1. _ you _(spy) on me recently?2. -Can I use your car tomorrow morning? -Sure. I_(write) a report at home.3.It was the first time that we_(find) a common ground.4.He

59、 said that my wife_(phone) saying that she_(go) shopping in the afternoon with the children. 5.The best friend I ever_(make), at age five, was a complete game changer.6.It is still unclear when and if the yellows of the canvas(油画)_(darken) soon.7.What came after 3D printing was the coloring process,

60、 during which the images in the cave_ (expect) to be covered with proper materials and colors.8. You harshly scold your daughter for knocking the cup over. She breaks _ in tears.9. The success of SiSYPHE Bookstore, one of the biggest privately-owned bookstore chains in China, may serve _ a great exa

61、mple.10.If and when some people get ahead _the expense of others, they will eventually pay.【答案】1. Have; been spying 2. will be writing 3. had found 4. had phoned; would go5. made 6. will darken: 7. were expected 8. down 9. as 10. at1.掌握本章节的重点词汇：distribution predict decrease deny illegal monitor high

62、light bury conclude definition practical academic engage initial optimistic annoy globe expense envy 2.学会用英语书写“一封信给2050年的人们” 3.了解时间胶囊的相关信息“time capsule”04体系构建05记忆清单一、重点词汇词性拓展1. distribution n. 分发，分送；分配，分布-distribute v. 分配；分销-distributor n. 经销商2. predict vt. 预言，预告-predictable adj. 可预测的-prediction n.

63、预言，预测3. decrease vt. & vi. 减少，降低 n. 减少，降低-increase v. （使）增加，（使）增多-increasingly adv. 不断增加的4. deny vt. 否认，否定；拒绝承认，拒绝接受-denial n. 否认；拒绝5. illegal adj. 不合法的，非法的-illegally adv. 非法地-legal adj. 法律的；合法的-legally adv. 依照法律地6. monitor vt. 监视，跟踪调查；监听 n. 显示屏；检测器；班长-monitoring n. 监控；监听7. highlight n. 最好（或最精彩）的部分

64、vt. 突出，强调；使醒目8. bury vt. 埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入-burial n. 葬礼，埋葬9. muscular adj. 肌肉的；强壮的-muscle n. 肌肉；体力；实力10. conclude vt. & vi. 断定，推断出；达成，订立；（使）结束，终止-conclusion n. 结论；结束；签订11. justified adj. 合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的-justify v. 证明有理；为辩解12. superiority n. 优越感；优越性，优势-superior adj. 更好的；高傲的13. definition n. 定义；释义

65、，解释-define v. 给下定义；阐明-definite adj. 确定的；清楚的-definitely adv. 肯定地，当然14. sensor n. 传感器，敏感元件-sense n. 感官；意识；意义 v. 意识到，觉察出-sensitive adj. 体贴的；敏感的-sensible adj. 明智的-sensory adj. 感官的，感觉的15. practical adj. 实际的，真实的；切实可行的；有用的；实事求是的-practice n. 实践 v. 从事-practically adv. 实际上-impractical adj. 不切实际的16. academic a

66、dj. 教学的，学术的；学习良好的；纯理论的-academy n. 专科院校；学会-academically adv. 学术上地17. engage vt. & vi. 吸引住（注意力、兴趣）；雇用，聘用；与建立密切关系-engaged adj. 忙于的；订婚的-engagement n. 约定；参加；订婚18. clone n. 好像一模一样的人，复制品；克隆动物（或植物） vt. 克隆，以无性繁殖技术复制-cloning n. 克隆19. initial adj. 最初的，开始的 n. 首字母-initiative n. 主动性；主动权-initially adv. 最初20. optim

67、istic adj. 乐观的，抱乐观看法的-optimism n. 乐观主义-optimist n. 乐观者21. annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰-annoyed adj. 恼怒地，生气的-annoying adj. 讨厌的，恼人的-annoyance n. 气恼，烦恼22. globe n. 球体，球状物；地球仪；地球，世界-global adj. 全球的-globalization n. 全球化-globally adv. 在全球23. expense n. 费用；开销；开支-expensive adj. 昂贵的24. envy n. & vt. 羡慕，忌妒-envious

68、ly adv. 羡慕地二、词组集锦不可否认的是 there is no denying that大量in large quantities/ a host of/ like weeds暗中监视；窥探spy on 强调的重要性highlight the importance of陷入bury oneself in/ be buried in 下结论draw/reach/come to/ arrive at a conclusion处于最前列at the forefront of 参与/忙于be engaged in 是的障碍a barrier to sth在牺牲的情况下at the expens

69、e of有能力be capable of/ have the capacity to do海量数据massive amounts of data存在be around =exist简而言之in short执行任务perform tasks处于历史的转折点 at a turning point in history对有利to ones advantage面部识别facial recognition 招致灾难 spell disaster军事行动military operation 救灾disaster relief在于lie in 与互动interact with无尽的可能endless pos

70、sibilities要是what if 不久之后It wont be long before旨在Aim to do=be aimed at doing证明是有挑战的prove challenging记住keep in mind 使成为过去make sth a thing of the past 实际应用 practical applications一个完全沉浸式的环境in a fully immersive environment在病人身上尝试try/attempt sth on the patient提供serve upGreen with envy 嫉妒an unlimited numbe

71、r of无数的in terms of 在方面(build) castle in the air空中楼阁to name but a few 略举几例boil down to归结为0601强化训练一、阅读理解Chinese consumers crazy appetite for luxury goods and services appears unstoppable，with just 2 percent of the Chinese population responsible for onethird of the worlds luxury items.As Chinas economi

72、c miracle develops，the market opportunities for all sorts of luxury goods and services are increasing.Luxury consumption(奢侈品消费) in China now extends ways beyond wellknown car，clothing and jewelry brands.For example，the luxury jet market in China is the fastestgrowing in the world，even outstripping t

73、hat of the United States，with a market share of 25 percent.This trend appears to continue，with 20 to 30 percent growth expected in China，compared with only 2 to 3 percent in the US.But more importantly，Chinas luxury jet market growth represents a major development in the private consumption of luxur

74、y items.Chinas highquality red wine market also provides evidence of the growth in private consumption of luxury goods.In 2013，China became the largest market for red wine in the world，even overtaking France，with 1.86 billion bottles consumed in China last year.Over the past five years，Chinas red wi

75、ne consumption has grown 136 percent.According to my ongoing consumer research in this area while working at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing，public consumption of such expensive global luxury brands such as Prada and Armani is easily explained by the desire to “gain

76、 face” and publicly display social climbing through material possessions.On the other hand，it is “selfreward” that lies behind consumer motivation in this area.Chinese consumers who have experienced rapid financial and economic gains appear to be particularly prone to the need to reward themselves f

77、or their success.But this has little to do with “gaining face” and impressing others and much more to do with the need for personal contentment.Finally，the growth in private luxury consumption in China is set to continue in part due to the maturity of the Chinese consumer and advancement of Chinese

78、consumer culture generally.5. What do you think the author would most probably be?A. A news reporter.B. An accountant.C. A professor.D. A conductor.6. The underlined word “outstripping” in Paragraph 2 probably can be replaced by “ ”.A.falling far behind of B. going out ofC. going far ahead of D. kee

79、ping pace with7. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Future Private Luxury Consumption in China B. Chinese Appetite for Luxury Goods and ServicesC. The Potential Luxury Jet Market in China D. The Maturity of the Chinese Consumers【答案】5. C 6. C 7. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国消费者对奢侈品的消费很大，2%的中国消费者购

80、买了全世界约三分之一的奢侈品。中国有望成为全球最大的奢侈品消费市场。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“According to my ongoing consumer research in this area while working at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing” 根据我在北京国际商业经济大学工作期间在这方面正在进行的消费者研究可知，作者是做研究的，最有可能是一个教授。故选C。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“.the luxury jet market in C

81、hina is the fastestgrowing in the world，even outstripping that of the United States，with a market share of 25 percent.”及其后一句“This trend appears to continue，with 20 to 30 percent growth expected in China，compared with only 2 to 3 percent in the US.” 这一趋势似乎还在继续，预计中国将有20%至30%的增长，而美国只有2%至3%。可推断，画线词词义是“远

82、远超过”的意思。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Chinese consumers crazy appetite for luxury goods and services appears unstoppable，with just 2 percent of the Chinese population responsible for onethird of the worlds luxury items.” 中国消费者对奢侈品和服务的疯狂欲望似乎势不可挡，仅2%的中国人口就拥有世界三分之一的奢侈品。 及全文内容可知，文章讲述的是中国人对奢侈品的消费。故选B。The world

83、s insects are hurtling down the path to extinction, threatening a “catastrophic collapse of natures ecosystems”, according to the first global scientific review. More than 40% of insect species are declining and a third are endangered, the analysis found. The rate of extinction is eight times faster

84、 than that of mammals, birds and reptiles.“It should be of huge concern to all of us, for insects are at the heart of every food web, they pollinate the large majority of plant species, keep the soil healthy, recycle nutrients, control pests, and much more. Love them or loathe them, we humans cannot

85、 survive without insects, ” said Prof Dave Goulson at the University of Sussex in the UK.The analysis, published in the journal Biological Conservation, says intensive agriculture is the main driver of the declines, particularly the heavy use of pesticides. Urbanization and climate change are also s

86、ignificant factors.One of the biggest impacts of insect loss is on the many birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish that eat insects. A small number of adaptable species are increasing in number, but not nearly enough to outweigh the big losses.Matt Shardlow, at the conservation charity Buglife, said:

87、“It is gravely sobering to see this collation of evidence that demonstrates the pitiful state of the worlds insect populations. It is increasingly obvious that the planets ecology is breaking and there is a need for an intense and global effort to stop and reverse these dreadful trends.”8. What does

88、 “are hurtling down ”underlined mean?A. To climb very slow in a straight direction B. To move very fast in a particular direction.C. To become lower in value or level quickly D. To speed up suddenly in a particular direction9. According to the passage what caused the declines of the insects EXCEPT?A

89、. Intensive agriculture B. UrbanizationC. Climate change D. Pests control.10. In paragraph 4, the author wants to stress the decline of insectsA. by giving the examples B. by making the comparisonC. by giving the definition. D. by making the explanation11. What is the main idea of the text?A. Sharpl

90、y decreasing insects numbers threaten damage of nature.B. The impacts will be brought by the insect loss.C. The effective measures are taken to stop the scary trends.D. The leading factors cause insects decline【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A【解析】本文属于科普文，介绍昆虫正在以惊人的速度灭绝，将对全球的生态系统造成剧大影响。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据后一句threa

91、tening a “catastrophic collapse of natures ecosystems可知，会造成自然生态系统的灾难性毁灭，故可知，昆虫灭绝的速度在加快，根据词组中的down，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段The analysis, published in the journal Biological Conservation, says intensive agriculture is the main driver of the declines, particularly the heavy use of pesticides. Urbanization

92、 and climate change are also significant factors.可知，昆虫的灭绝其原因是集中化农业，杀虫剂的大量使用，城镇化以及气候变化，故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据本段One of the biggest impacts of insect loss is on the many birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish that eat insects. A small number of adaptable species are increasing in number, but not nearly enou

93、gh to outweigh the big losses.可知，昆虫的灭绝最大的影响是对鸟类、爬行动物、两栖动物以及鱼类。少量能够适应环境的物种的增加也无法弥补灭绝的数量，故可知，本段通过对比，说明昆虫的减少对其他动物的影响，故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。介绍昆虫正在以惊人的速度灭绝，将对全球的生态系统造成剧大影响，故选A。二、语法填空Some of you may play Ant Forest, (36)_ game on Alipay. Users collect “energy” to make their “trees” grow. When the “energy” (37)

94、_ (reach) a certain level, some (38)_ (organize) and companies will plant a real tree in a desert area of China. And now it seems that the nations efforts to make a greener world have paid (39)_According to a study (40)_ (publish) in the journal Nature Sustainability, China and India are (41)_ (main

95、) responsible for making the Earth greener over the past two decades. The study has found that since 2000 the Earths green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 5 million square kilometers, (42)_ is an area equal to the total area of the Amazon rainforest. China and India account for one (43

96、)_ (three) of the increased greening, but contain only 9 percent of the planets land area covered in vegetation(植被). China was the major contributor, adding 25 percent (44)_ this increase, while India added 6.8 percent. There is no denying that China is one of the most successful countries in (45)_ (green) the desert.【答案】36. a37. reaches38. organizations39. off40. published41. mainly42. which43. third44. to45. greening