Unit 4-2022-2023学年上学期高一英语重点词汇过关与检测拔高练（人教版2019必修一）_34159891.docx

1、 专题 05 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISATERS一 词汇背诵版2. disaster/dz:st(r)/n.灾难；灾害3. tornado /t:ned /n.(pl.-oes or -os)龙卷风；旋风4. drought/ drat /n.旱灾；久旱5. landslide / lndslad /n.( landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡6. slide/ slad /vi. & vt.(使)滑行；滑动7. tsunami / tsu:n:mi /n.海啸8. flood/fld /n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没9. volcanic e

2、ruption/ vlknkrpn /火山喷发10. magnitude /mgntju:d /n.(地)震级；重大11. rescue/reskju:/n.& vt.营救；救援12. damage/dmd /vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失13. destroy/dstr/vt.摧毁；毁灭14. evacuate /vkjuet /vt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离15. helicopter /helkpt(r)/n.直升机16. death/ de/n.死；死亡17. affect/fekt/vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动18. shelter/elt(r)/n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护

3、；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风、 雨或危险)19. crack /krk/n.裂纹；裂缝vi. & vt. (使)破裂20. as if似乎；好像；仿佛21. ruin/ru:n/n.&vt.破坏；毁坏22. in ruins严重受损；破败不堪23. percent/ psent /n.百分之adj.&adv.每一百种24. brick/brk/n.砖；砖块25. metal/metl/n.金属26. shock/k/n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊27. in shock震惊；吃惊28. electricity/lektrsti/n.电；电能29. trap/trp/vt.使落入险境；使

4、陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱30. bury/beri/vt.埋葬；安葬31. breathe/ bri:/vi.& vt.呼吸32. revive /rvav/vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒33. revival /rvavl/n.振兴；复苏34. effort/eft/n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力35. unify /ju:nfa /vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体36. wisdom/wzdm/n.智慧；才智37. context/kntekst/n.上下文；语境；背景38. suffer/sf/vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦39. volcano/vlken/n.(p

5、l.-oes or -os)火山40. erupt/rpt/vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出41. supply/spla/n.供应(量)；补给；pl.补给品 vt.供应；供给42. typhoon/tafu:n/n.台风43. in the open air露天；在户外44. hurricane/hrkn/n .(尤指大西洋的)飓风45. survive/svav/vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过46. power/pa(r)/n.电力供应；力量；控制力47. tap /tp/vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲48. pipe/pap/n.管子；管道4

6、9. whistle /wsl/vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声)；呼啸声50. emergency/im:dnsi/n.突发事件；紧急情况51. calm/k:m/adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静52. aid/ed/n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.& vt.(formal)帮助；援助53. kit/kt/n.成套工具；成套设备54. first aid kit急救箱55. on hand现有(尤指帮助)56. crash/kr/vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞57. sweep/swi:p/vt. & vi.( swept, swept)打扫；清扫58.

7、sweep away消灭；彻底消除59. wave/wev/n.海浪；波浪vi.& vt.挥手；招手60. strike/strak/vi.& vt.(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工； 罢课；袭击61. deliver/dlv(r)/vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表62. summary/smri/n.总结；概括；概要63. effect/fekt/n.影响；结果；效果64. length/le/n.长；长度二 词汇默写版1 .n. 灾难；灾害 _2. n.(pl.-oes or -os) 龙卷风；旋风_3. n. 旱灾；久旱_4. n.( l

8、andfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡_5. vi. & vt.(使)滑行；滑动_6. n.海啸_7. n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没_8. 火山喷发_9. n.(地)震级；重大_10. n.& vt.营救；救援_11. vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失_12. vt.摧毁；毁灭_13. vt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离_14. n.直升机_15. n.死；死亡_16. vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动_17. n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风、雨或危险)_18. n.裂纹；裂缝vi. & vt. (使)破裂_19. 似乎；好像；仿佛_20.

9、 n.&vt.破坏；毁坏_21. 严重受损；破败不堪_22. n.百分之adj.&adv.每一百种_23. n.砖；砖块_24. n.金属_25. n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊_26. 震惊；吃惊_27.n.电；电能 _28.vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱_29.vt.埋葬；安葬_30.vi.& vt.呼吸_31.vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒_32.n.振兴；复苏_33.n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力_34.vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体_35.n.智慧；才_36.n.上下文；语境；背景_37.vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦_38.n.(p

10、l.-oes or -os)火山_39.vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出_40.n.供应(量)；补给；pl.补给品 vt.供应；供给_41.n.台风_42. 露天；在户外_43.n .(尤指大西洋的)飓风_44.vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过_45.n.电力供应；力量；控制力_46.vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲_47.n.管子；管道_48.vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声)；呼啸声_49.n.突发事件；紧急情况_50.adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静_51.n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.& vt.(formal)帮助；

11、援助_52.n.成套工具；成套设备_53.急救箱_54.现有(尤指帮助)_55.vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞_56.vt. & vi.( swept, swept)打扫；清扫_57.消灭；彻底消除_58.n.海浪；波浪vi.& vt.挥手；招手_59.vi.& vt.(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工；罢课；袭击_60.vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表_61.n.总结；概括；概要_62.n.影响；结果；效果_63.n.长；长度_三 词汇加强练 （单句语法填空）1.Some online cheaters trap middle sch

12、ool students _telling their ID numbers.2. The hotel makes every effort_(make) the guests feel at home.3.Yuan Longping buried himself _the development of the hybrid rice and made great achievements.4.Most of us _ (breath)out heavily when the operation was over and the patient was out of danger.5. Lat

13、er, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered _blindness for lack of proper treatment.6. The main purpose of the passage is to supply visitors _ hotel information.7.Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving entirely_discarded(丢弃)food.8. Never before has our country been so _ (power

14、) as it is today.9.Mrs. Coxen was aided _looking after the children by her mother.10.Alan looked at him and said _(calm) , “I believe you can go to your ideal university.”1. 【答案】 into【解析】 考查固定搭配。trap sb.into doing sth.诱骗某人做某事。故填into。句意:一些网上骗子诱使中学生说出他们的身份证号。2. 【答案】 to make 【解析】 考查不定式。make every effor

15、t to do sth.表示“尽一切努力做某事”。故填to make。句意:那家旅馆尽一切努力让房客舒适自在。3. 【答案】 in 【解析】 考查固定搭配。bury oneself in.表示“专心致志于”,故填介词 in。4. 【答案】 breathed 【解析】 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，设空处在主句中作谓语,根据从句的时态可知，主句应该用一般过去时。故填breathed。句意:当手术结束,病人脱离危险时,我们大部分人重重地呼了一口气。5. 【答案】 from 【解析】 考查介词。suffer from后接表示疾病的具体名词,表示“患病”。故填 from。句意:后来,他在非洲工作,

16、那里有很多人因缺少恰当的治疗而失明。6. 【答案】 with【解析】 考查固定搭配。supply sb.with sth.给某人提供某物。句意:这篇文章的主要目的是给游客提供旅馆信息。7. 【答案】 on 【解析】 考查介词。survive on.依靠生存。故填 on。句意:Baptiste Dubanchet 正在骑自行车穿越欧洲,完全靠被丢弃的食物生存。8. 【答案】 powerful 【解析】 考查形容词。设空处前面有 been 和表示程度的副词so,故此处需用形容词作表语,故填13 powerful,表示“我们的国家以前从来没有像今天这样强大过”。9. 【答案】 in 【解析】 考查固

17、定搭配。句意:Coxen 太太有她妈妈帮忙照看孩子们。aid sb.in doing sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,此处为被动语态sb.be aided in doing sth.,故填in。10. 【答案】 calmly【解析】 考查副词。此处修饰动词said,应用副词，故填calmly。句意:Alan 看着他，平静地说:“我相信你能上你理想的大学。四 选词填空in shock; come to an end; dig out; in ruins; calm down;in the open air; take turns; on hand1.When I told them the te

18、rrible news, they were all _. 2. When hit by the unexpected earthquake in1976,Tangshan was _.3.Some animals can be used to help _ survivors after an earthquake happens.4. All good things will_ some day, however beautiful an experience is.5.They like to sleep_ when they go camping.6.He had a big task

19、 _and he began to do it without rest.7. _and wait-things will take a turn for the better.8.When Mom is not at home,Dad and I usually _to cook supper.【答案】1.in shock 2.in ruins 3.dig out e to an end 5.in the open air6.on hand 7.Calm down 8.take turns五 能力提升练Formed in 2001, the China International Searc

20、h and Rescue Team (CISAR) brings help and hope to those _1_lives are changed by natural disasters.The team carried out its first international rescue mission in 2003.It was the first time that a Chinese team _2_ (work)outside China, and the team won high praise _3_ their bravery and skills. The list

21、 of people to whom help has been given ever since is long.The team treated more than 3,000 people who were injured in the2006 earthquake in Indonesia, and spent several months _4_ (give)aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.Rescue workers _5_ (train)to find people treat the injur

22、ed, and hand out food,water, and other _6_ (supply). There is _7_ (usual) no electricity or water after a disaster and diseases and accidents may appear. _8_ (save)lives, rescue workers have to work day and night,and sadly they must also bury _9_ dead, which means they have to be strong in both the

23、body and the mind. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. Of course, theyll have to take _10_ (effect) measures. The members of the CISAR are always ready to go wherever help is needed.1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._1. 【答案】 whose【解析】 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面为代词,后面句子lives(生活)前缺定语,故推测设空处引导定语从句,修饰先

24、行词those,表示所属关系，所以用关系代词whose。句意:成立于2001年的中国国际救援队给那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人带来了帮助和希望。2. 【答案】 had worked g【解析】 考查动词的时态。It was the first time that sb./sth.had done.意为“这是某人/某物第一次做”,故填 had worked。易错归因本题需要注意的一个知识点:It is the first time+ that从句，从句用现在完成时态;It was the first time+that 从句,从句用过去完成时态。注意此句中的 was,不要错填成 has worke

25、d。3. 【答案】 for【解析】 考查介词。句意:这是中国团队第一次在国外工作,该团队因其勇敢和技术赢得了高度赞扬。for意为“因为,由于”,符合句意。故填 for。4. 【答案】 giving【解析】 考查动名词。此处为固定搭配spend time(in)doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填 giving。5. 【答案】 are trained/train【解析】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:救援人员接受寻找人员,治疗伤者,分发食物、水和其他补给品的训练。结合语境及下文可知，此处属于客观阐述，应用一般现在时。train 既是及物动旺旦及物动词又是不及物动词，train作及物动词时，

26、Rescue workers与train 为被动关系,应用被动语态，train 作不及物动词时没有被动动态，且Rescue workers为复数。故填 are trained 或train。6. 【答案】 supplies【解析】 考查名词复数。这里指“食物、水和其他补给品”，supply表示“补给品”时常用复数形式。故填 supplies。7. 【答案】 usually【解析】 考查副词。设空处所在句是一个完整的句子,提示词为形容词,所以用副词作状语,修饰整个句子。故填 usually。句意:灾难过后通常没有电,也没有水,并且可能会出现疾病和事故。8. 【答案】 To save 【解析】 考查不定式。句意:为了拯救生命,救援人员必须夜以继日地工作,不幸的是,他们还必须埋葬死者,这意味着他们必须身心强健。设空处置于句首,结合语境可知用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To save。9. 【答案】 the 【解析】 考查冠词。空格后为形容词,故设空处和形容词dead 作宾语。“定冠词+形容词”表示一类人,the dead 表示“死者”,故填the。10. 【答案】 effective【解析】 考查形容词。设空处前后为固定搭配take measures, 所以设空处用effect的形容词effective作定语修饰measures, 意为“有效的”。