Unit 5-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册知识点精讲精练（牛津译林版）.docx

1、译林八年级下Unit 5 知识点精讲精练1. Youre old enough to learn about manners now, Hobo. 你现在足够大了，可以学习礼仪了，霍波。【短语】old enough 足够大形容词/副词 + enough to do sth. 足够做某事【用法】manners 常用复数，表示“礼仪，举止”【拓展】good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌【辨析】enough 作为副词，放在形容词和副词的后面；作为形容词，放在名词的前面【例题】这个小男孩不够高，去够到树上的苹果。_在公共场合有必要有礼貌。_答案：The little boy isnt tall

2、 enough to reach the apple on the tree. Its necessary to have good manners in public.2. Second, dont cut in on others.Always wait politely.第二，不要打断别人。要一直有礼貌地等待。【短语】cut in on sb. 打断某人【用法】polite (adv.) 礼貌地【拓展】cut in 插队polite (adj.) 有礼貌的 be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌impolite (adj.) 无礼的【例题】打断别人是不礼貌的。_每个人都应该礼貌用

3、语。_答案：Its impolite to cut in on others.Everyone should speak politely.3. Youre never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。【短语】too . to .太以至于不能【例句】The box is too heavy to carry.这个箱子太重了以至于搬不动。【例题】I was too tired _(work) any more.这题太难了以至于我们都解答不出。_答案：to work；Its too difficult for us to solve the problem.4. queue fo

4、r your turn排队等候【用法】turn (n.) 轮流 【拓展】take turns to do sth.轮流做某事by turns轮流Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事turn on打开turn off关闭turn up 调高；出现turn down 调低turn in上交turn around 转身turn left向左转turn right向右转【例题】轮到你回答问题了。_我们轮流打扫教室卫生。_答案：Its your turn to answer the question.We clean the classroom by turns.5. obey

5、 traffic rules遵守交通规则【用法】obey (v.) 遵守【拓展】同义词：follow反义词：break【例题】遵守规则很重要。_如果你打破规则，你会被惩罚。_答案：Its very important to obey/follow the rules. If you broken the rules, you will be punished.6. Today, weve invited Jenny to talk about manners in the UK. 今天，我们邀请到了珍妮来谈谈英国的礼仪。【用法】invite (v.) 邀请【短语】invite sb. to d

6、o sth. 邀请某人做某事【拓展】invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地invitation (n.) 邀请【例题】He called us and _(invite) us to his party.Thank you for your _(invite).答案：invited；invitation7. Whats the proper way to greet people there, Jenny? 什么是那里适当的问候方式，珍妮？【用法】proper (adj.) 适合的；适当的【拓展】近义词：right反义词：improper【例题】你可以在合适的时间来。_我们需要寻找

7、一个合适的办法去解决问题。_答案：You can come at the proper time.We need to find a proper way to solve the problem.8. British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.英国人仅仅用亲吻问候亲戚或亲近的朋友。 【用法】close (adj.) 亲密的比较级：closer最高级：closest【拓展】close (v.) 关闭close (adv.) 靠近closed (adj.) 关着的be close to= be near 靠近

8、【例题】这家商店已经关门了。_他们是如此亲密的朋友，以至于彼此分享一切。_答案：This shop has been closed.They are such close friends that they share everything with each other. 9. But please avoid subjects like age, weight or money. 但是请避免像年龄、体重或金钱这样的话题。 【用法】avoid (v.) 避免，后面加名词、代词或动名词【例句】你应该小心一些，避免受伤。You should be careful and avoid hurtin

9、g yourself.【例题】She stopped and _(avoid) being seen. Please be careful and avoid _(make) mistakes.答案：avoided；making10. Do people there behave politely in public?那里的人们在公共场合都举止礼貌吗？【用法】behave (v.) 表现【短语】in public 在公共场合【拓展】behave oneself举止礼貌规矩in private在私下the public民众；群体【例题】这个博物馆已经对公众开放了。_在公共场合请表现得礼貌规矩些。

10、_ 答案：This museum has been open to the public. Please behave yourself in public.11. They think its rude to push in before others.他们认为插队是粗鲁的。【用法】rude (adj.) 粗鲁的【短语】push in = cut in 插队 【拓展】rude 近义词：impolite名词：rudeness【例题】He was angry because of your _(rude).对着别人大叫是粗鲁的。_答案：rudeness；Its rude to shout at

11、others. 12. Theyll say “excuse me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. 他们会说“劳驾”并且很有礼貌得等着直到你走开。【用法】excuse (v.) 原谅；宽恕【结构】till引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”【拓展】excuse (n.) 借口make an excuse 找借口【例题】打扰一下，你能告诉我去火车站的路吗？_直到他安全到家，她才离开。_答案：Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the railway station? She didnt leave til

12、l he arrived home safely.13. British people are very polite at home as well, arent they?英国人在家也很有礼貌，是吗？【短语】as well “也”，常用于句末【结构】arent they 为反义疑问句，回答根据事实来判断与事实相符，回答“Yes”；与事实不符，回答“No”【例题】她喜欢语文，也喜欢英语。_答案：She likes Chinese and English as well.14. Im sure theyre helpful to us.我相信它们对我们很有帮助。【短语】be helpful t

13、o sb.对某人来说很有帮助【例题】这些建议对学生们来说很有帮助。_答案：These suggestions are very helpful to students.15. bump: hit someone or something by accident偶然地碰到某人或某物【用法】accident (n.) 事故；意外【短语】by accident 偶然地；意外地【例题】我昨天下午偶然碰到了琳达。_答案：I met Linda by accident yesterday afternoon.16. Millie is patient enough to listen carefully

14、when others speak. 当其他人说话时，米莉足够耐心地认真听。【用法】patient (adj.) 有耐心的【拓展】be patient with 对耐心patience (n.) 耐心impatient (adj.) 没耐心的patient (n.) 病人【例题】Students dont like Mr Green, because he is _(patient).那位护士对待病人一直都很耐心。_答案：impatient；That nurse is always very patient with patients.17. She did not join the disc

15、ussion.她没有参加讨论。【用法】discussion (n.) 讨论【拓展】discuss (v.) 讨论discuss sth. with sb.和某人讨论某事【例题】This issue is still under _(discuss).Why not _(discuss) it with your teacher?答案：discussion；discuss18. He did not express himself clearly.他没有清楚地表达自己。【用法】express (v.) 表达【拓展】express oneself 表达自己express sth. to sb. 向

16、某人表达某事expression (n.) 表达；表情【例题】言语无法表达我的心情。_太暗了，以至于我看不清他的表情。_答案：Words cant express my feeling. Its too dark to see his expression.19. Help explain things and give us useful information.帮助解释事情并给我们有用的信息。【用法】explain (v.) 解释【短语】useful information 有用的信息【拓展】explain sth. to sb.向某人解释某物explanation (n.) 解释【辨析】

17、information 不可数名词，“信息”message 可数名词，“消息”【例题】请你解释一下你为什么又迟到。_答案：Please explain why you are late again.20. Warn us not to do something警告我们不要做某事【用法】warn (v.) 警告，告诫【短语】warn sb. not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事【例题】老师警告学生不要抽烟。_答案：The teacher warns students not to smoke.21. risk losing everything all at one time冒一次失去

18、一切的危险【短语】risk doing sth. 冒险做某事【例题】他冒着失去生命的危险去救了河里的女孩。_答案：He risked losing his life to save the girl in the river.22. Purpose of the talk报告的目的【用法】purpose (n.) 目的；目标【拓展】on purpose 故意with the purpose of 目的是【例题】会议的目的是让大家一起讨论如何克服困难。_答案：The purpose of the meeting is to discuss how to overcome the difficul

19、ty.23. We are going to hold a talk on good table manners.我们将要进行一次关于良好的餐桌礼仪的演讲。【短语】hold a talk on . 举办一个关于的演讲【拓展】make a speech on 做一个关于的演讲write a report on 写一份关于的报告【例题】确保你已经准备好了关于礼貌举止的演讲_答案：Make sure that youve prepared the talk on good manners.语法【enough to和too . to】一、be动词 + 形容词 + enough + to do sth.

20、【例】You are old enough to learn about manners.你足够大了，可以学习礼仪了。二、 be动词 + too + 形容词 + to do sth.【例】British people are too polite to push past you.英国人太有礼貌了，不会从你身边挤过去。三、两者之间的对比与转换He is tall enough to reach the book on the bookshelf.他足够高去够到书架上的书。He is too short to reach the book on the bookshelf.他太矮了以至于够不着书

21、架上的书。He is too lazy to do the housework.他太懒了以至于不做家务。= He is not hard-working enough to do the housework.他不够勤奋去做家务。语法精练翻译句子1. 我的妹妹足够大，可以自己穿衣服了。_2. 我太累了，以至于走不动了。_3. 这个问题对我来说太难了，以至于我回答不出。_4. 她足够善良，让每个人都喜欢她。_5. 他们太激动了以至于都说不出话来。_答案：1. My sister is old enough to dress herself.2. Im too tired to walk any further.3. Its too hard for me to answer this question.4. She is kind enough to make everyone like her.5. They were too excited to say any words.