2020-2022三年高考英语真题分项汇编 专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致.docx

1、专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 2022年高考真题1.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _ (be)previously unprotected,答案：were解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“prev

2、iously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。2.（2022新高考I卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP _ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological div

3、ersity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.答案：is designed解析：考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。3

4、（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents答案：has walked解析：考查动词时态。句意：在过去五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。4.（2022全国乙卷）The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society

5、_ (address) the opening ceremony.答案：addressed解析：考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。5（2022年浙江卷1月）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane _（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 答案：is viewed或has been viewed解

6、析：考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。6（2022年浙江卷1月）But Cobb and others _（be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and _（change） their pers

7、onal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 答案：are；changing解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。第一空：根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。第二空：分析句子结构可知，此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change，故填changing。7（2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No

8、 Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics many of them climate scientists _（promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.答案：have promised解析：考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。2021年高考真题1.（

9、2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You cant help wondering how hard it6(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的提示词then可知，表示当时的情况，故此处谓语动词应用一般过去时；从句主语为it，是第三人称单数形式。故填was。2.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空） After Lincoln

10、was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and10(sell) most of their furniture.【答案】sold【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：1861年，林肯被选举为国家总统后，他们租了房子并且卖掉了大部分的家具。rent和sold为并列谓语，用and连接，所以都用一般过去时。3.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）It1(build) originally to protect the cityinthe Tang dynasty and has now been completely res

11、tored（修复）. 【答案】was built ;【解析】考查动词的时态/语态以及主谓一致。根据句子结构可知，空格填写谓语动词， 又因it指代前面The Xian City Wall，和build是被动关系，且是在 the Tang dynasty被建立，故用过去式的被动语态。本句句意：它最初是在唐代为保护这座城市而建的，现在已经完全修复。故填was built。4.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）We6(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 【答案】hired【解析】考查动词的时态。根据句子的结构可知空格应该填写

12、谓语动词，根据后文My bike was old可知， 应该为过去的时态，主语为we, 为主动语态，故填hired。5.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）It doesnt impress like George Washingtons plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincolns home in downtown Springfield, Illinois,1(prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie.【答案】has proved 或 has proven 【解析】考查现在完成

13、时。结合句中since一词，可以判断句子的谓语应该用现在完成时。句意：自从它开放后，林肯的家已经证明是让游客们不可抵挡地想去参观的。6.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）Marys niece wrote, pretty, The little home5(paint) white. 【答案】was painted【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个小房子被粉刷成白色。房子被粉刷，所以用被动。动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。7.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空） It is calculated by dividing apersons weight in kg by their h

14、eight in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 254(consider) healthy.【答案】is considered【解析】考查被动语态。句意：介于19-25的BMI数值被认为是健康的。分析句子结构a BMI of between 19 and 25 (consider) healthy.可知 Consider做谓语，主语是单数，根据句意谓语动词应为被动且时态为一般现在时，故答案为 is considered。8.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空） In cities, however, the gain6(be) 1.3 i

15、n women and 1.6 in men.【答案】was【解析】考查系动词。句意：然而在城市里，女人增长数值是1.3，男人增长为1.6。分析句子结构可知主the gain是单数且该句陈述过去研究数据时态为一般过去时，故答案为was。9.（2021.6全国甲卷 改错）One of the questions are: Who will you go in times of trouble? 【答案】are改为is；【解析】考查主谓一致。主语为one of the questions，表示问题中的一个，是单数意义，谓语动词应为单数，故are改为is。10.（2021.6全国乙卷 改错）That

16、s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!把hopes改为hope考查省略句。分析题目可知，此处表示(I) hope this can inspire，故hope应用动词原形形式。故把hopes改为hope。11.（2021.6全国乙卷 改错）I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. 【答案】把tidying改为tidy【解析】考查谓语动词。根据句中

17、的and可知，water和tidy应为并列动作，所以动词形式应该保持一致。故把tidying改为tidy。12.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）Wequite enough work for the morning; now lets take a break.A. have done B. will do C. had done D. were doing【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：今天上午我们做的工作够多的了，现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句now lets take a break.可知，做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在，应用现在完成时。故选A。13.（2021.3

18、天津卷 单选）Currently, about 35, 000 worksin over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.A. were displaying B. are displaying C. were being displayed D. are being displayed【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据本空前的Currently可知，应该用现在进行时。又因为d

19、isplay与主语works之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动形式。故选：D。2020年高考真题1.（2020新课标I卷语法填空）The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.【答案】touched【解析】考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last we

20、ek可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。2.（2020新课标I卷语法填空）This really excites scientists, Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct) .67.【答案】means【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有

21、机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。68【答案】is constructed【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。3（2020新课标II卷短文改错）Actually, I start to learn kung

22、 fu when I was seven years old, I have long been out of practice.【答案】startstarted【解析】考查时态。句意：事实上，我七岁时就开始学功夫了。分析句子，此处动词start讲述的是7岁的时候，动词应该用过去时。故将start改为started。4（2020新课标III卷语法填空）The artist was sure he would63(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old nan l

23、aughed.【答案】be chosen【解析】考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。5（2020新课标III卷语法填空）65（When/As） he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river.【答案】pointed【

24、解析】考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。6.（2020浙江卷语法填空）And，as more children were born，more food 59(need).【答案】was needed【解析】考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。7.（2020浙江卷语

25、法填空）By about 6000 BC，people 61 (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.【答案】had discovered【解析】考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间译为“到为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.8.（2020浙江卷语法填空）New methods 65 (mean)that fewer people

26、 worked in farming.【答案】meant【解析】考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。9.（2020山东卷语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38 (form) the core collection of the British Museum39（which/that） opened in 17

27、59.【答案】formed【解析】考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。10.（2020山东卷语法填空）The parts of a museum open to the public 40 (call) galleries or rooms.【答案】are called【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are

28、called。11（2020天津卷单项填空）You are a great swimmer.Thanks. Its because I _ a lot these days.Ahave been practisingBwas practisingCwould practiseDhad practised【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：你游泳很棒。谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。12（2020天津卷单项填空）The number of medical schools

29、 reached 18 in the early 1990s and _ around that level since.Aare remainingBhave remainedCis remainingDhas remained【答案】D【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number of medical schools，the number of表示“的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故选

30、D。13.（2020江苏卷单项填空）If you look at all sides of the situation, youll find probably a solution that _ everyone.A. suitB. suitedC. suitsD. has suited【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。14.（2020江苏卷单项填空）Instead of getting do

31、wn to a new task as I _, he examined the previous work again.A. had expectedB. have expectedC. would expectD. expect【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处描述的动作发生在examined之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。故选A。2019年高考真题1.【2019江苏卷单项填空】 22.The musician along with his band members _ ten performances i

32、n the last three months.A. givesB. has givenC. have givenD. give【答案】B【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。2.【2019江苏卷单项填空】29.A few months after he had

33、 arrived in China, Mr. Smith _ in love with the people and culture there.A. would fallB. had fallenC. has fallenD. fell【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。3.【2019江苏卷单项填空】33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics.

34、A. will installB. will have been installedC. are installedD. have been installed【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。4.【2019天津卷单项填空】2.I _ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldnt manage it.A. had hope

35、dB. am hopingC. have hopedD. would hope【答案】A【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldnt”用的是一般过去时，它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。5.【2019天津卷单项填空】8.Amy, as well as her brothers, _ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.A. is givenB. are givenC. was givenD. were given【答案】C【解析】本题考查时态、语和

36、主谓一致态。句意：艾米和他的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知应用过去时，排除选项A和B。as well as连接并列主语，谓语动词就前原则。这句话真正的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。6.【2019新课标I卷语法填空】Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】are【解析】时态和考查主谓

37、一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。7.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene _64_(declare) she had no plans _to retire_ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.【答案】declared【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文

38、had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。8.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】I dont see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _66_(make) over the years【答案】have made【解析】考查动词的时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。9.【2019新课标II卷短文改

39、错】And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.【答案】And the other that I wanted to help people in need.【解析】考查一般过去时。本篇文章使用的全是一般过去时，且与最后一句并列的“one was that”用的也是一般过去时，所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。讲述当时做决定时的原因。故将is改为was。10.【2019新课标III卷语法填空】Our hosts shared many of their experiences and_65_(recommend)wonderful

40、 places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.【答案】recommended。【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。11.【2019新课标III卷语法填空】On the last day of our week

41、-long stay，we _69_(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars【答案】were invited。【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。2018年高考真题1.【2018北京】1. Hi, Im Peter. Are you new here? I

42、havent seen you around?Hello, Peter. Im Bob. I just _ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：嗨，我是彼得。你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。你好，彼得。我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob现在在这儿，他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态，C选项正确。点睛：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态或过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。一般过去时常与表示过

43、去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday，last week，in the past，in 2017，once，a few days ago等。2.【2018北京】4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：Susan已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候，她正在一个社区里做志愿者

44、。Susan辞职发生在她当志愿者之前，had quit是过去完成时态，过去完成时态通俗的说就是“过去的过去”，且结合时间状语when I visited her last year可知，Susan做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的情况，故该空应用过去进行时态。B选项正确。点睛：过去进行时表示在过去某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。3.【2018北京】7. Chinas high-speed railways _ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC.

45、will growD. had grown【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国的高速铁路已经从9,000公里增长到25,000公里。该句时间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况，故该句应用现在完成时态。B选项正确。点睛：现在完成时可以表示过去的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的。常见的时间状语有：since + 时间点/从句，for two months，so far，recently，in the past/last few days等。4.【2018北京】9. A rescu

46、e worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountains for two days.A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who _ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句，修饰two tourists，two tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risk

47、ed可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，其表达形式为had done，被动语态的表达形式为had been done。5.【2018天津】13. My washing machine _this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repairedB. is repairedC. is being repairedD. has been repaired【答

48、案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。点睛：本题考查时态。分析选项可以知道，4个选项都用了被动语态，本题考查的其实是不同的时态。选项A是过去时；选项B是一般现在时的被动；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是现在完成时。再结合语境进行分析，最终判断出最佳答案。6.【2018江苏】31. Hopefullyin2025wewillnolongerbee-mailingeachother, forwe _ more convenient

49、 electronic communicationtoolsbythen.A. have developedB. haddevelopedC. willhavedevelopedD. developed【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：希望在2025年，我们不再互相发电子邮件，因为到那时候我们将开发更方便的电子通信工具。根据时间状语in 2025，可知用将来时；再根据时间状语by then到那时，可知用完成时。结合两者可知用将来完成时。故选C。点睛：本题考查时态。句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点。所以要做好此类题，一定要注意题中有没有明确的时间点，或者其他可以代替时间点的词，所以根据时间状

50、语可以看出正确答案。本题的关键在于抓住题干中的两个时间状语in 2025和by then，从而得出答案。7.【2018江苏】30. Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan_ inthepast two years.A. hadbeencarriedoutB. would be carried outC. isbeingcarriedoutD. has been carried out【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何执行的。根据句中时间状语last month和in th

51、e past two years可知用过去完成时。故选A。点睛：本题考查时态。句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点。所以要做好此类题，一定要注意题中有没有明确的时间点，或者其他可以代替时间点的词，所以根据时间状语可以看出正确答案。本题的关键在于抓住题干中的两个时间状语last month和in the past two years，从而得出答案。8.【2018新课标卷I语法填空】While running regularlycant make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening l

52、ife 65 walking, cycling or swimming.【答案】is【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时，且主语是it，要用第三人称单数。故填is。9.【2018新课标卷I短文改错】During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. 【答案】find改成found【解析】考查动词时态。根据文章中

53、的During my last winter holiday可知，事件发生在过去，故用一个过去时。故将find改成found。9.【2018新课标卷II语法填空】Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country _61_（grow）more corn than rice.【答案】has grown【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时，且主语为the country，所以应该应该用单数形式。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown

54、。10.【2018新课标卷II语法填空】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _68_ (start) a soil-testing program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【答案】started【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。

55、本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。11.【2018新课标卷II语法填空】True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal _69_(mean)me no real harm.【答案】meant【解析】考查动词的时态。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。2017年高考真题1.【2017天津卷】8. I _down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road

56、.A. was driving B. have driven C. would drive D. drove【答案】A【解析】句意：我正开车去伦敦这时我突然发现走错路了。根据固定句型：was/ were doing sth. + when(正在做某事，就在这时突然)可知选A。考点：考查动词时态。【名师点睛】这时考查与时态有关的固定句型。：was/ were doing sth + when (suddenlu) did . 这时一个常用固定句型，是学生必须掌握的重点句型之一，词句型还有另外两种结构：was / were about to do + when did ; had done + w

57、hen + did 。 在这三个句型中，when引导的并列句，意为：就在这时（那时）突然2.【2017江苏卷】27. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _.A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查动词的时态和语态。he和follow是动宾关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B/D；根据句意“在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否被跟踪”，用过去进行时最合适，故选A。句意：他匆匆忙忙往家赶，就是不回头看

58、一看是否有人跟踪自己。考点：时态和语态3.【2017江苏卷】31.Hes been informed that he _ for the scholarship because of his academic background.A. hasnt qualified B. hadnt qualified C. doesnt qualify D. wasnt qualifying 【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他已经被告知由于教育背景的原因而没有资格获得奖学金。qualify for sth达标，获得参赛资格；由于条件不满足而没有资格做某事，是客观事实，用一般现在时。故选C。考点：考查

59、动词的时态4.【2017北京卷】33. People_ better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.A. will haveB. haveC. hadD. had had【答案】B试题分析：句意：人们有着比过去更好的医疗保险，结果他们更长寿。与过去对比是现在，所以than前一句话是用现在的时间，而且后一句用的就是现在时态，所以前面也用现在时态，故选B。考点：考查时态。5.【2017北京卷】29. In the 1950s in the USA, most familie

60、s had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _ yet. A. havent invented B. havent been invented C. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented【答案】D试题分析：句意：在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还根本没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态，排除AC，事情发生在过去，与现在无关，不用现在完成时，排除B，故选D，过去完成时的被动语态。考点：考查时态语态。6.【2017北京卷】24. _ that company to

61、see how they think of our product yesterday?Yes. They are happy with it.A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling【答案】A试题分析：句意：-你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？-打了，他们此刻正用得很开心。空格所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday，发生在过去，肯定用过去式，故选A。考点：考查时态。7.【2017 江苏】24.The publication of Great Expecta

62、tions, which _ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.A. is B. are C. was D. were【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查主谓一致。先行词是Great Expectations，“Great Expectations”是书名，看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据“strengthened”可知，说的是过去，故选C。句意：远大前程的出版获得了广泛的认可和高度的赞扬，这坐实了狄更斯作为前沿小说家的地位。考点：考

63、查主谓一致8.【2017天津卷】6. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：现在骑自行车、慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regard.as (把看做)和句意确定应该用被动语态，排除A和D；由介词短语along with连接的三个名词作主语，谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C。故选B。考点：考查动词语态和主谓一致.17